CN113463838B

CN113463838B - Combined T-shaped beam and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113463838B
Application number: CN202010245973.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾穗子
Original assignee: China University of Geosciences Beijing
Current assignee: China University of Geosciences Beijing
Priority date: 2020-03-31
Filing date: 2020-03-31
Publication date: 2022-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-31
Also published as: CN113463838A

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined T-shaped beam and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the combined T-shaped beam comprises light steel, a long wood unit, a plurality of first pins, a bamboo plywood and a plurality of cuffs, and the light steel comprises a web plate, an upper flange and a lower flange; the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit in the long wood unit are formed by overlapping and splicing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered mode, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively embedded and fixed in a left occlusion cavity and a right occlusion cavity of the light steel; after second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins, the second glue penetrates through and is embedded into the left long wood unit, the web and the right long wood unit of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction; an upper bamboo plywood and a lower bamboo plywood in the bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed; the plurality of hoops are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure. The combined T-shaped beam can effectively recycle small-section wood and bamboo resources, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, wide application range and high environmental protection.

Description

Combined T-shaped beam and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building composite structures, in particular to a combined T-shaped beam and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

In villages and small towns building structures, a brick-wood structure and a wood frame structure are widely applied, and a wood beam is a horizontal component of the brick-wood structure and is also a horizontal component of the wood frame structure. In the brick-wood structure, the wood beam can be directly lapped on a brick wall to bear the load of a floor or a roof and transmit the load to the brick wall; in the wooden frame structure, the wooden beam and the wooden column form a wooden frame through a connecting node, and the load of the floor or the roof borne by the wooden beam is transmitted to the wooden column through the node.

Conventional timber beams are usually made from whole logs, including round and rectangular in cross-section, and the resources of whole logs of large cross-section are very scarce due to excessive forest harvesting. On the other hand, there are many stocks of waste small-section logs sawed manually in forests and residual small-section woods in wood processing plants, and because the small-section logs and the residual small-section woods are not only small in section and short in length, but also lack of corresponding recycling technology, the small-section logs and the residual small-section woods can only be treated as waste products, so that resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted. How to recycle waste small-section logs sawed off manually in forests and residual small-section woods in a wood processing plant is a key technical problem which is very concerned about and urgently needed to be solved in the engineering field. Because long small-section rectangular wood is difficult to process after the small-section wood is processed into the rectangular-section wood, the actually processed small-section rectangular wood is different in length, how to reasonably and efficiently utilize the short wood with different lengths and the engineering field also pays much attention. The method is also a problem that the small-section short wood of different wood species is reasonably adopted at different stress parts in the same light steel-wood-bamboo composite beam to achieve high-efficiency stress, and efficient recycling of the small-section short wood is further realized from the mechanical point of view. How to reasonably adopt light steel in a countryside building structure with large scale is also an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.

Bamboo has strong growth ability and belongs to an ecological building material. Bamboo resources in China are rich, bamboo types and bamboo forest areas account for about 1/4 of the world, bamboo yield accounts for about 1/3 of the world, and the bamboo wood is the top of all the countries in the world. The bamboo has excellent physical and mechanical properties, the tensile strength of the bamboo is about 2 times of that of wood, and the bamboo has good elasticity and flexibility. However, the mechanical properties of the bamboo are closely related to and greatly different from the moisture content, the bamboo stalk position, the bamboo age, the standing conditions, the bamboo species and the like, so that the wide application of the bamboo in the building is limited. The bamboo wood-based board produced by using bamboo as a main raw material greatly changes the form and structure of the bamboo due to the structural reasonability, and improves the stability of the physical and mechanical properties. The bamboo plywood processed by bamboo is already applied to a large scale as a building template, the corrosion resistance, the water resistance, the fire resistance, the compression resistance, the tensile resistance, the bending resistance and the like of the bamboo plywood are all obviously better than those of a wood template, the turnover frequency is obviously more than that of the wood template, and the working stability and the safety are good.

At present, the problem to be solved urgently in the industry is how to reasonably adopt light steel in a countryside building structure with large scale because the steel productivity in China is surplus.

At present, latex is mainly used for bonding wood and wood or bonding wood and a bamboo plywood, the color of the latex is white, the latex is also called white latex, the latex is short for polyvinyl acetate adhesive and comprises single-component latex and double-component latex, and the modified latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance. At present, structural adhesive is mainly used for bonding wood and steel or bonding bamboo plywood and steel, has high strength, peeling resistance and impact resistance, can bear larger load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, has simple and convenient construction process, has stable performance within the expected service life of the structure, is suitable for bonding structural members, and can be used for bonding the same materials such as metal, wood and the like or bonding different materials. The price of the structural adhesive is higher than that of the latex.

Therefore, the light steel-staggered laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood combined rectangular beam which is economical, practical, low in manufacturing cost and simple and convenient to construct and is suitable for low-rise buildings, particularly low-rise rural houses in villages and towns is developed, and has very important practical significance and social, economic and environmental values.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a combined T-shaped beam, which can effectively recycle small-section timber and bamboo resources, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, wide application range and high environmental protection.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, a composite T-beam is a light steel-staggered laminated log-bamboo plywood composite T-beam, comprising:

the light steel is approximately in an I shape and comprises a web plate, an upper flange and a lower flange, wherein the width dimension of the upper flange in the left-right direction is larger than that of the lower flange in the left-right direction, the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the web plate, the left end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a first bending section, the right end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a third bending section, the left end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a second bending section, and the right end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section; the web and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the left side of the web jointly form a left occlusion cavity, and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the right side of the web jointly form a right occlusion cavity;

the long wood unit comprises a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are approximately in an inverted L shape and are formed by splicing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner; the left long wood unit is provided with a first installation part matched with the left occlusion cavity, a first tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the left long wood unit, a second tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the left long wood unit, the right long wood unit is provided with a second installation part matched with the right occlusion cavity, a third tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the right long wood unit, and a fourth tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the right long wood unit; the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the light steel, the first installation part of the left long wood unit and the second installation part of the right long wood unit are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, the first bending section is embedded into the first rabbet, the second bending section is embedded into the second rabbet, the third bending section is embedded into the third rabbet, the fourth bending section is embedded into the fourth rabbet, and a matching interface between the left long wood unit and the light steel and a matching interface between the right long wood unit and the light steel are fixed by adopting first glue bonding, so that a T-shaped beam base member is formed;

the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins are coated with second glue and then penetrate and embedded into the left long wood unit, the web and the right long wood unit of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction;

the bamboo plywood comprises an upper bamboo plywood and a lower bamboo plywood, and the upper bamboo plywood and the lower bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece so as to form a T-shaped beam structure;

the hoops are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the composite T-beam is fabricated by: firstly, manufacturing light steel, manufacturing an upper flange and a lower flange according to the structural requirement of a combined T-shaped beam, and manufacturing a web plate according to the structure of the light steel and the stress requirement of the combined beam, wherein the left end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a first bending section, the right end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a third bending section, and the part of the upper flange between the first bending section and the third bending section is in a straight state; the left end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a second bending section, and the right end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section; secondly, manufacturing a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, wherein the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are formed by respectively splicing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner, a first installation part is processed on the left long wood unit, a first groove and tongue extending along the front-back direction is processed on the upper surface of the left long wood unit, a second groove and tongue extending along the front-back direction is processed on the lower surface of the left long wood unit, a second installation part is processed on the right long wood unit, a third groove and tongue extending along the front-back direction is processed on the upper surface of the right long wood unit, and a fourth groove and tongue extending along the front-back direction is processed on the lower surface of the right long wood unit; secondly, installing a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit on the light steel, painting first glue on a matching interface between the left long wood unit and the light steel and on a matching interface between the right long wood unit and the light steel respectively, embedding a first installation part of the left long wood unit and a second installation part of the right long wood unit into a left occlusion cavity and a right occlusion cavity respectively and correspondingly, embedding a first bending section into a first rabbet, embedding a second bending section into a second rabbet, embedding a third bending section into a third rabbet, and embedding a fourth bending section into a fourth rabbet, thereby forming a T-shaped base member; then, drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit, the web plate and the right long wood unit at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the plurality of first pins, and respectively embedding the plurality of first pins into the plurality of through holes in a one-to-one corresponding penetrating manner; then, the upper bamboo plywood and the lower bamboo plywood are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base piece, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed; and finally, coating eighth glue on the inner sides of the plurality of cuffs, and sleeving the plurality of cuffs from the two ends of the combined T-shaped beam and hooping the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.

The composite T-beam according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has the following advantages: the combined T-shaped beam has the characteristics of high-efficiency stress of the traditional I-shaped steel and double functions of strengthening the section constraint effect after the light steel is embedded into a long wood unit rabbet. The connection of the interfaces of the light steel, the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood is double connection, so that a firm interface with complementary interface mechanical connection and interface bonding is formed, the force transmission between the light steel, the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood is ensured, and the performance of the combined parts in common work is improved. Thirdly, the small short woods are spliced into the long wood unit through the staggered laminated layers, the mechanical engaging force between the small short woods can be enhanced through the staggered laminated layers, the stress performance of the combined T-shaped beam is improved, and the cost is low. Fourth, the light steel, the small short wood and the bamboo plywood which are overlapped in a staggered mode work together, are restricted mutually and are stressed cooperatively, the defect that the light steel is easy to stably damage when being bent is overcome, the long wood unit has the stress performance close to that of the log with the equal section, and the short board with the low tensile strength of the wood is made up. And fifthly, the small short wood, the bamboo plywood and the light steel are organically combined, the structure is simple, the connection is reliable, the ecological environment is protected, the resource utilization of forestry waste small-section logs and residual small-section wood processed in the wood industry and the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of ecological bamboo can be powerfully promoted, the use amount of steel is reduced, and the cost is reduced. And sixthly, the light steel-staggered laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood combined T-shaped beam has the advantages that all steel parts are wrapped by wood and bamboo, the durability of the combined beam is obviously improved, the beam is very suitable for village and town building structures with large volume and wide range, and the appearance of the beam has the ecological sense of the traditional wood-bamboo structure beam.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the upper flange and the lower flange are formed by cold-bending.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the upper flange, the lower flange and the web have a thickness dimension of 2 to 8mm.

According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the cross section of the small short wood is substantially rectangular, the side length of the cross section of the small short wood is not less than 40mm, and the length of the small short wood in the front-rear direction is not less than 1/4 of the length of the combined T-shaped beam.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the left longwood unit comprises a first web component and a first wing component, and the right longwood unit comprises a second web component and a second wing component, wherein,

the first web plate assembly is formed by staggered lamination of a part of the small short woods in the left long wood unit according to three or more layers, the second web plate assembly is formed by staggered lamination of a part of the small short woods in the right long wood unit according to three or more layers, a second pin or dovetail groove connecting piece is adopted for splicing and fixing between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the first web plate assembly and between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the second web plate assembly, a connecting interface between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the first web plate assembly and a connecting surface between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the second web plate assembly are fixed by third glue, the two adjacent small short woods in the upper and lower of different layers are spliced and fixed by a third pin, and a connecting interface between every two adjacent small short woods in the upper and lower of different layers is fixed by a fourth glue;

the first wing plate assembly is formed by splicing and fixing the small short wood in the rest parts of the small short wood in the left long wood unit in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, the second wing plate assembly is formed by splicing and fixing the small short wood in the rest parts of the small short wood in the right long wood unit in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, fourth pins or dovetail groove connecting pieces are adopted for splicing and fixing between the front-back adjacent small short wood in the first wing plate assembly and between the front-back adjacent small short wood in the second wing plate assembly, and a connecting interface between the front-back adjacent small short wood in the first wing plate assembly and a connecting interface between the front-back adjacent small short wood in the second wing plate assembly are fixed by fifth glue;

first pterygoid lamina subassembly sets up the superiors left side of first web subassembly, second pterygoid lamina subassembly sets up the superiors right side of second web subassembly, and adjacent each other in the left and right directions first pterygoid lamina subassembly little stub with the superiors of first web subassembly adjacent each other between the little stub and in the left and right directions the second pterygoid lamina subassembly little stub with the superiors of second web subassembly all adopt fifth pin or dovetail to connect the concatenation fixed between the little stub, adjacent each other in the left and right directions first pterygoid lamina subassembly little stub with the superiors of first web subassembly interface between the little stub and adjacent each other in the left and right directions second pterygoid lamina subassembly little stub with the superiors of second web subassembly interface between the little stub all adopts the sixth glue to bond fixedly.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the material of the small short wood in different layers in the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit is the same or different.

According to still further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the small short wood of the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer in the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit is processed by hard wood having high strength, and the small short wood of the middle layer in the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit is processed by soft wood having low strength.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second pin, the third pin, the fourth pin and the fifth pin are all short cylindrical bamboo pins.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the height dimensions of the first bending section, the second bending section, the third bending section and the fourth bending section are all not less than 20mm, and the distance from the first bending section to the left side surface of the first wing plate assembly, the distance from the third bending section to the right side surface of the second wing plate assembly, the distance from the second bending section to the left side surface of the first web assembly and the distance from the fourth bending section to the right side surface of the second web assembly are all not less than 30mm.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the first pin is a long cylindrical bamboo pin.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the wood-timber-unit further comprises a plurality of screws, a part of the screws fasten the upper flange to the upper surface of the left timber-unit at a portion located on the left side of the web, another part of the screws fasten the upper flange to the upper surface of the right timber-unit at a portion located on the right side of the web, another part of the screws fasten the lower flange to the lower surface of the left timber-unit at a portion located on the left side of the web, and the rest of the screws fasten the lower flange to the lower surface of the right timber-unit at a portion located on the right side of the web.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the lower bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by sixth pins, and a connection interface between the upper bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base member and a connection interface between the lower bamboo plywood and the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by seventh glue.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the ferrule is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule, and a connection interface between the ferrule and the T-shaped beam structure is fixed by an eighth glue.

The present invention also provides, in a second aspect, a method of forming a composite T-beam as described above in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for manufacturing a composite T-shaped beam comprises the following steps:

manufacturing the light steel: manufacturing the upper flange and the lower flange according to the construction requirements; the width dimension of the upper flange in the left-right direction is larger than that of the lower flange in the left-right direction, the left end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a first bending section, the right end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a third bending section, and the part of the upper flange between the first bending section and the third bending section is in a straight state; the left end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a second bending section, the right end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section, and the part of the lower flange between the second bending section and the fourth bending section is in a straight state; respectively welding and fixing the upper flange and the lower flange at the upper end and the lower end of the web plate, so that the web plate and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the left side of the web plate jointly enclose a left occlusion cavity, and the web plate and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the right side of the web plate jointly enclose a right occlusion cavity;

manufacturing the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit: the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively formed by splicing a plurality of small short wood in a staggered and laminated mode, wherein the first installation part is machined on the left long wood unit, a first tongue-and-groove extending in the front-and-back direction is machined on the upper surface of the left long wood unit, a second tongue-and-groove extending in the front-and-back direction is machined on the lower surface of the left long wood unit, the second installation part is machined on the right long wood unit, a third tongue-and-groove extending in the front-and-back direction is machined on the upper surface of the right long wood unit, and a fourth tongue-and-groove extending in the front-and-back direction is machined on the lower surface of the right long wood unit;

installing the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit on the light steel: first glue is respectively coated on a matching interface between the left long wood unit and the light steel and a matching interface between the right long wood unit and the light steel, then the first installation part of the left long wood unit and the second installation part of the right long wood unit are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, the first bending section is embedded into the first rabbet, the second bending section is embedded into the second rabbet, the third bending section is embedded into the third rabbet, and the fourth bending section is embedded into the fourth rabbet, so that a T-shaped beam base piece is formed;

installing the first pin: drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long timber unit, the web plate and the right long timber unit at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins, and respectively embedding the first pins into the through holes in a one-to-one corresponding manner;

installing the upper bamboo plywood and the lower bamboo plywood: fixing the upper bamboo plywood and the lower bamboo plywood on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively and correspondingly so as to form a T-shaped beam structure;

installing the hoop: and sleeving a plurality of cuffs on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a T-beam base according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a T-beam structure according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the left longwood unit, the right longwood unit, and the lightweight steel of the composite T-beam according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of a T-beam base, upper and lower bamboo veneers, screws and sixth pins of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a left longwood unit and a right longwood unit of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is another schematic illustration of an assembly of a longwood unit of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a log element of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a dovetail connection of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly of the left elongated wood element of a composite T-beam according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention in a fore-aft direction.

Reference numerals:

combined T-beam 1000

Light steel 1

The first bend 1021 and the third bend 1022 of the flange 102 of the web 101

Lower flange 103 second bending section 1031 fourth bending section 1032

Long wood unit 2

First wing plate component 2011, first tongue and groove 20111 and first web component 2012 of left long wood unit 201

Second tongue and groove 20121 first mounting portion 2013 right long wood unit 202 second flap assembly 2021

Third tongue-and-groove 20211 second web component 2022 fourth tongue-and-groove 20221 second mounting portion 2023

Bamboo plywood 3 upper bamboo plywood 301 lower bamboo plywood 302

Ferrule 4

First pin 5

Second pin 6

Third pin 7

Fourth pin 8

Fifth pin 9

Sixth pin 10

Dovetail groove connecting piece 11

Screw 12

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

A composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the invention is described below in conjunction with figures 1-10.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, according to a composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the composite T-beam 1000 is a light steel-staggered laminated wood-bamboo plywood composite T-beam 1000, which includes a light steel 1, a long wood unit 2, a plurality of first pins 5, a bamboo plywood 3, and a plurality of ferrules 4.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the light steel 1 is substantially "i" shaped and includes a web 101, an upper flange 102 and a lower flange 103, wherein a width dimension of the upper flange 102 in the left-right direction is greater than a width dimension of the lower flange 103 in the left-right direction, the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 are respectively fixed at an upper end and a lower end of the web 101, a left end of the upper flange 102 is bent downward to form a first bending section 1021, a right end of the upper flange 102 is bent downward to form a third bending section 1022, a left end of the lower flange 103 is bent upward to form a second bending section 1031, and a right end of the lower flange 103 is bent upward to form a fourth bending section 1032; the web 101 and the parts of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 on the left side of the web 101 jointly form a left occlusion cavity, and the parts of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 on the right side of the web 101 and the web 101 jointly form a right occlusion cavity; it can be understood that the long wood units 2 can be embedded through the first bending section 1021, the second bending section 1031, the third bending section 1022 and the fourth bending section 1032 of the i-shaped light steel 1, so that the long wood units 2 can be firmly pulled and knotted, and the fixation is reliable. Since the width dimension of the upper flange 102 in the left-right direction is larger than the width dimension of the lower flange 103 in the left-right direction, the light steel 1 has a stronger restraining force on the structure of the composite T-beam 1000.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the long wood unit 2 includes a left long wood unit 201 and a right long wood unit 202, and the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are substantially in an inverted L shape and are formed by alternately laminating and assembling a plurality of small short wood; the left long wood unit 201 is provided with a first mounting part 2013 matched with the left occlusion cavity, a first rabbet 20111 extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the left long wood unit 201, a second rabbet 20121 extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the left long wood unit 201, the right long wood unit 202 is provided with a second mounting part 2023 matched with the right occlusion cavity, a third rabbet 20211 extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the right long wood unit 202, and a fourth rabbet 20221 extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the right long wood unit 202; the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are respectively located on the left side and the right side of the light steel 1, the first installation part 2013 of the left long wood unit 201 and the second installation part 2023 of the right long wood unit 202 are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, the first bending section 1021 is embedded into the first rabbet 20111, the second bending section 1031 is embedded into the second rabbet 20121, the third bending section 1022 is embedded into the third rabbet 20211, the fourth bending section 1032 is embedded into the fourth rabbet 20221, and a matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and a matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 are fixed by first glue bonding, so that the T-shaped beam base part is formed; it can be understood that the small and short timbers are spliced and fixed into the long timbers unit 2 in a staggered and laminated manner, so that the mechanical engagement force between the small and short timbers can be enhanced, the long timbers unit 2 is low in cost and good in stress performance, wood resources are fully recycled, and waste of the wood resources is reduced; the first bending section 1021 is embedded into the first rabbet 20111, the second bending section 1031 is embedded into the second rabbet 20121, the third bending section 1022 is embedded into the third rabbet 20211, and the fourth bending section 1032 is embedded into the fourth rabbet 20221, so that the light steel 1 can bite the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202, and a matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and a matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 are fixed by first glue bonding, so that double connection between the long wood unit 2 and the light steel 1 is realized, and the T-base part is simple in structure, and is fixed and reliable. In addition, the first glue is preferably a structural glue, the structural glue has high strength, is resistant to stripping and impact, can bear larger load, is resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, is simple and convenient in construction process, has stable performance within the expected service life of the structure, is wide in application range, and can reliably bond the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and bond the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1.

After second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first pins 5, the second glue penetrates through and is embedded into a left long wood unit 201, a web plate 101 and a right long wood unit 202 of the T-shaped beam base piece along the left-right direction; it can be understood that the plurality of first pins 5 and the second glue can reliably fix the left long wood unit 201, the light steel 1 and the right long wood unit 202, so as to prevent the left long wood unit 201, the light steel 1 or the right long wood unit 202 from moving relative to each other, and further improve the reliability of structural fixation; the plurality of first pins 5 penetrate through the left long wood unit 201, the light steel 1 and the right long wood unit 202, and the matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and the matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 are fixed by first glue, so that a mechanical connection and an interface bonding complementary double connection interface of the matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and the matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 can be formed, the transmission of force between the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. In addition, the second glue is preferably latex, the latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and weather resistance, the second glue can also be structural glue, the structural glue is high in strength, resistant to stripping and impact, capable of bearing large load, resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure and wide in application range, and therefore the plurality of first pins 5 can be firmly embedded into the left long wood unit 201, the web 101 and the right long wood unit 202 of the T-shaped beam base part through the second glue.

The bamboo plywood 3 comprises an upper bamboo plywood 301 and a lower bamboo plywood 302, and the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 are respectively and correspondingly fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part, so that a T-shaped beam structure is formed; it can be understood that the bamboo plywood 3 has strong tensile strength, and the bending stress on the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is the greatest, and the bending rigidity, the bending bearing capacity and the shearing bearing capacity of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 can be effectively improved by fixing the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member respectively. In addition, the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 are made of bamboo, so that the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved.

A plurality of ferrules 4 are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure. The hoop 4 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure, so that the constraint of the T-shaped beam structure can be strengthened, and the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is more stable in structure and better in integrity. Preferably, two cuffs 4 are respectively sleeved on the outer peripheral surfaces of the front end and the rear end of the T-shaped beam to strengthen the constraint of the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.

The composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is fabricated by: firstly, manufacturing light steel 1, manufacturing an upper flange 102 and a lower flange 103 according to the structural requirement of a combined T-shaped beam 1000, and manufacturing a web 101 according to the structure of the light steel 1 and the stress requirement of the combined beam, wherein the left end of the upper flange 102 is bent downwards to form a first bending section 1021, the right end of the upper flange 102 is bent downwards to form a third bending section 1022, and the part of the upper flange 102 between the first bending section 1021 and the third bending section 1022 is in a straight state; the left end of the lower flange 103 is bent upwards to form a second bending section 1031, and the right end of the lower flange 103 is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section 1032; secondly, a left long wood unit 201 and a right long wood unit 202 are manufactured, wherein the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are formed by respectively splicing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated mode, a first installation part 2013 is machined on the left long wood unit 201, a first rabbet 20111 extending in the front-back direction is machined on the upper surface of the left long wood unit 201, a second rabbet 20121 extending in the front-back direction is machined on the lower surface of the left long wood unit 201, a second installation part 2023 is machined on the right long wood unit 202, a third rabbet 20211 extending in the front-back direction is machined on the upper surface of the right long wood unit 202, and a fourth rabbet 20221 extending in the front-back direction is machined on the lower surface of the right long wood unit 202; secondly, the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are installed on the light steel 1, first glue is coated on a matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and on a matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 respectively, then a first installation part 2013 of the left long wood unit 201 and a second installation part 2023 of the right long wood unit 202 are embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity respectively, correspondingly, a first bending section 1021 is embedded into the first rabbet 20111, a second bending section 1031 is embedded into the second rabbet 20121, a third bending section 1022 is embedded into the third rabbet 20211, and a fourth bending section 1032 is embedded into the fourth rabbet 20221, so that a T-shaped beam base part is formed; then, drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit 201, the web 101 and the right long wood unit 202 in the left-right direction at different positions of the T-shaped beam base piece by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of first pins 5, and respectively embedding the plurality of first pins 5 into the plurality of through holes in a one-to-one corresponding penetrating manner; then, fixing the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively, thereby forming a T-shaped beam structure; and finally, coating eighth glue on the inner sides of the plurality of cuffs 4, and sleeving the plurality of cuffs 4 from the two ends of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 and hooping the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure.

The composite T-beam 1000 according to embodiments of the first aspect of the invention has the following advantages: firstly, the light steel 1 which is designed based on the stress requirement of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 can be automatically adjusted, the defects that the thicknesses of the upper flange and the lower flange 103 of the existing I-shaped steel are equal and the straight flange can not restrain combined wood are overcome, the stress is reasonable, steel is saved, and the combined T-shaped beam 1000 has the characteristic of high-efficiency stress of the traditional I-shaped steel and the double functions of strengthening the section restraining effect after the light steel 1 is embedded into the tongue-and-groove of the long wood unit 2. And the connection of the interfaces of the light steel 1, the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood 3 is double connection, so that a firm interface with complementary interface mechanical connection and interface bonding is formed, the force transmission among the light steel, the staggered laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood is ensured, and the performance of the combined parts in common work is improved. Thirdly, the small short woods are spliced into the long wood unit 2 through the staggered lamination, the mechanical snap-in force between the small short woods can be enhanced through the staggered lamination, the stress performance of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved, and the cost is low. Fourth, the light steel 1, the staggered and laminated small short wood and the bamboo plywood 3 work together, are restricted mutually and are stressed cooperatively, the defect that the light steel 1 is easy to be stably damaged when being bent is overcome, the long wood unit 2 has the stress performance close to that of the log with the equal section, and the short board with low tensile strength of the wood is made up. And the fifth step, the small short wood, the bamboo plywood 3 and the light steel 1 are organically combined, the structure is simple, the connection is reliable, the ecological environment is protected, the resource utilization of forestry waste small-section logs and residual small-section wood processed in the wood industry and the comprehensive utilization of a large amount of ecological bamboo can be powerfully promoted, the use amount of steel is reduced, and the cost is reduced. Sixth, the light steel-staggered laminated small short wood-bamboo plywood combined T-shaped beam 1000 has the advantages that all steel parts are wrapped by wood and bamboo, the durability of the combined beam is remarkably improved, the beam is very suitable for village and town building structures with large volume and wide range, and the appearance of the beam has the ecological sense of a traditional wood-bamboo structure beam.

In accordance with an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and

lower flanges

102, 103 are formed by cold bending. Therefore, the light steel 1 is convenient and quick to manufacture, and the manufacturing efficiency of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness dimensions of the upper flange 102, the lower flange 103 and the web 101 are 2 to 8mm. It is understood that the thickness of the upper flange 102, the lower flange 103 and the web 101 may be 2mm, 5mm or 8mm, the thickness of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 is determined by the strength of the light steel 1, the thickness of the web 101 is determined according to the structure of the light steel 1 and the stress requirement of the combined T-beam 1000, and the thickness of the upper flange 102, the lower flange 103 and the web 101 needs to be adjusted according to different climatic conditions.

According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the cross section of the small short wood is substantially rectangular, the side of the cross section of the small short wood is not less than 40mm, and the length of the small short wood in the front-rear direction is not less than 1/4 of the length of the composite T-shaped beam 1000. Like this, little short wood all is in reasonable within range at cross section and the ascending size of fore-and-aft direction, conveniently becomes long wooden unit 2 with a plurality of little short wood systems, and the long wooden unit 2 atress performance of preparation completion is good, and stable in structure avoids leading to the glue quantity to be many and the structure is destroyed easily because little short wood size undersize.

As shown in fig. 5 to 10, according to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the left long wood unit 201 includes a first web component 2012 and a first wing component 2011, and the right long wood unit 202 includes a second web component 2022 and a second wing component 2021, wherein,

the first web plate component 2012 is formed by staggered lamination of a part of small short woods in the left long wood unit 201 according to three or more layers, the second web plate component 2022 is formed by staggered lamination of a part of small short woods in the right long wood unit 202 according to three or more layers, a second pin 6 (short cylindrical bamboo pin) or a dovetail groove connecting piece 11 is adopted for splicing and fixing between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the first web plate component 2012 and between every two adjacent small woods in the front and back of each layer in the second web plate component 2022, a connecting interface between every two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer in the first web plate component 2012 and a connecting surface between every two adjacent small woods in the front and back of each layer in the second web plate component 2022 are all spliced and fixed by a third glue, a third pin 7 (short cylindrical bamboo pin) is adopted for splicing and fixing, and a connecting interface between two adjacent small woods in the front and back of each layer in different layers are fixed by a fourth glue; thus, the interface of the mechanical connection and the interface bonding complementary dual connection of the small stub connecting interface on the same layer and the interface of the mechanical connection and the interface bonding complementary dual connection of the two small stub connecting interfaces adjacent to each other at the upper and lower layers on different layers can be formed in the first web component 2012 and the second web component 2022, so that the transmission of force between the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. In addition, the latex is preferably selected for the third glue and the fourth glue, the latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance, the third glue and the fourth glue can also be structural glue, the structural glue is high in strength, stripping-resistant and impact-resistant, can bear large load, is aging-resistant, fatigue-resistant and corrosion-resistant, is simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure and wide in application range, and therefore the third glue and the fourth glue can reliably bond two adjacent small short woods in the front and at the back of each layer and two adjacent small short woods in the upper and lower directions of different layers.

The first wing plate assembly 2011 is formed by splicing and fixing the rest parts of the small short woods in the left long wood unit 201 in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, the second wing plate assembly 2021 is formed by splicing and fixing the rest parts of the small short woods in the right long wood unit 202 in a pairwise front-back adjacent arrangement mode, a fourth pin 8 or a dovetail groove connecting piece 11 is adopted for splicing and fixing the front-back adjacent two small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the front-back adjacent two small short woods in the second wing plate assembly 2021, and a connecting interface between the front-back adjacent two small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 2011 and a connecting interface between the front-back adjacent two small short woods in the second wing plate assembly 2021 are both fixed by fifth glue; in this way, a double-connection interface of mechanical connection and interface bonding complementary connection can be formed in the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the second wing plate assembly 2021 at the same layer of the small stub connection interface, so that the force transmission between the combined T-beam 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-beam 1000 is improved. In addition, the latex is preferably selected for use to the fifth glue, and the latex has the advantage that the bonding is firm, water proofness and weatherability are good, and the fifth glue still can be for the structure glue, and the structure glue intensity is high, anti stripping, shock-resistant, can bear great load, and ageing-resistant, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and construction process is simple and convenient, and stable performance in the life expectancy of structure, application scope is wide, and like this, the fifth glue can bond two adjacent little quarter timbers around in first pterygoid lamina subassembly 2011 and the second pterygoid lamina subassembly 2021 reliably.

The first wing plate assembly 2011 is arranged at the left side of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012, the second wing plate assembly 2021 is arranged at the right side of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022, a fifth pin 9 or a dovetail groove is adopted to connect, splice and fix the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and a sixth glue is adopted to fix the connection interface between the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction and the connection interface between the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. In this way, the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction can form a double-connection interface of mechanical connection and interface bonding complementation of the same layer of small short wood connection interface, so that the transmission of force between the combined T-shaped beams 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. In addition, the latex is preferably selected for the sixth adhesive, the latex has the advantages of firm bonding, good water resistance and good weather resistance, the sixth adhesive can also be a structural adhesive, the structural adhesive is high in strength, resistant to stripping and impact, capable of bearing large load, resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure, and wide in application range, and therefore the sixth adhesive can reliably bond the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web plate assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web plate assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction.

It should be noted that the joint between two adjacent front and back short woods in the left long wood unit 201 and the joint between two adjacent front and back short woods in the right long wood unit 202 are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged. The number of layers in left long wood element 201 may be the same as or different from the number of layers in right long wood element 202; the lengths of the small short wood of the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 in the same layer may be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the material of the different layers of small short wood within the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 is the same or different. It can be understood that the types of the forestry waste small short wood and the wood industry processing waste small short wood are more, when the materials of the small short wood in different layers in the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are the same, the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is more attractive, and when the materials of the small short wood in different layers in the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are different, the utilization rate of the forestry waste small short wood and the wood industry processing waste small short wood can be improved.

According to a still further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper and lower small short woods in the left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 are processed using high-strength hardwoods, and the middle small short woods in the left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 are processed using low-strength softwoods.

It is understood that when the material of the uppermost and lowermost small short wood in left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 is hardwood, the layer thickness of the uppermost and lowermost small wood in left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 is relatively small due to the high strength of the hardwood, thereby saving the hardwood, and at the same time, the material of the intermediate small short wood in left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 may be softwood, and the intermediate layer in left and right

long wood units

201 and 202 may be one layer and the layer thickness is large or multiple layers and the layer thickness is small due to the low strength of the softwood. The wood with different strengths is selected according to the stress requirements of the combined T-shaped beam 1000, so that the strength of different woods is fully exerted, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of small short woods made of different materials is improved, the stress performance of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 can be obviously improved under the same manufacturing cost, and the cost performance is high.

It should be noted that no small short wood joints are arranged at the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the long wood unit 2 of the Liang Kuazhong 1/2 long beam section with the large beam bend T, so that the working performance of the whole combined T-beam 1000 is ensured.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the second pin 6, the third pin 7, the fourth pin 8 and the fifth pin 9 are all short cylindrical bamboo pins. Specifically, the two adjacent small short woods in the front and back of each layer of the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 can be spliced and fixed by the short cylindrical bamboo pins, and the two adjacent small short woods in the upper and lower layers of different layers of the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 can be spliced and fixed by the short cylindrical bamboo pins, so that the splicing and fixing are convenient and reliable; the length of short cylinder bamboo pin is not less than 40mm and the diameter is not less than 6mm, like this, both can link up a plurality of little short woods firmly through short cylinder bamboo pin, and high-efficient fixed can guarantee short cylinder bamboo pin self intensity again, is difficult for breaking. The number of the short cylindrical bamboo pins is determined according to the requirement. In addition, the short cylindrical bamboo pin is made of bamboo, the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved, and the short cylindrical bamboo pin is high in tensile strength and good in elasticity and flexibility.

According to a further embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the height dimensions of the first bending section 1021, the second bending section 1031, the third bending section 1022 and the fourth bending section 1032 are all not less than 20mm, and the distance from the first bending section 1021 to the left side of the first wing plate assembly 2011, the distance from the third bending section 1022 to the right side of the second wing plate assembly 2021, the distance from the second bending section 1031 to the left side of the first web assembly 2012 and the distance from the fourth bending section 1032 to the right side of the second web assembly 2022 are all not less than 30mm. Therefore, the first bending section 1021, the second bending section 1031, the third bending section 1022 and the fourth bending section 1032 can be clamped with the first rabbet 20111, the second rabbet 20121, the third rabbet 20211 and the fourth rabbet 20221 respectively, and the i-shaped light steel 1 can firmly tie and reliably fix the long wood unit 2.

According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the first spike 5 is a long cylindrical bamboo spike. Specifically, after second glue is coated on the outer peripheral surfaces of the long cylindrical bamboo pins, the long cylindrical bamboo pins penetrate through and are embedded into the left long wood unit 201, the web plate 101 and the right long wood unit 202 of the T-shaped beam base part along the left-right direction, the length dimension of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is equal to the width dimension of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 along the left-right direction, and the diameter of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is not smaller than 8mm, so that the long cylindrical bamboo pins can reliably fix the combined T-shaped beam 1000 along the left-right direction, the strength of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is guaranteed, and the situations of fracture and the like in the using process are avoided. The number of the long cylindrical bamboo pins is determined according to the requirement. In addition, the long cylindrical bamboo pin is made of bamboo, the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved, and the long cylindrical bamboo pin is high in tensile strength and good in elasticity and flexibility; the long cylindrical bamboo pins and the second glue can form a double-connection interface with the left long wood unit 201, the web plate 101 and the right long wood unit 202 of the T-shaped beam base part, wherein the double-connection interface is formed by mechanical connection and complementary interface bonding, force transmission among the combined T-shaped beams 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved.

As shown in fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of screws 12 are further included, a part of the screws 12 among the plurality of screws 12 fasten the upper flange 102 to the upper surface of the left joists 201 at a portion located on the left side of the web 101, another part of the screws 12 among the plurality of screws 12 fasten the upper flange 102 to the upper surface of the right joists 202 at a portion located on the right side of the web 101, another part of the screws 12 among the plurality of screws 12 fasten the lower flange 103 to the lower surface of the left joists 201 at a portion located on the left side of the web 101, and the remaining part of the screws 12 among the plurality of screws 12 fasten the lower flange 103 to the lower surface of the right joists 202 at a portion located on the right side of the web 101. It can be understood that the light steel 1 and the long wood unit 2 can be tightly and reliably fixed by the plurality of screws 12, and the light steel 1 and the long wood unit 2 are prevented from moving.

It should be noted that when the thicknesses of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 are not greater than 4mm, the screw 12 is a self-tapping screw or a wood screw 12, and the self-tapping screw is simple in structure and convenient to obtain; when the thickness of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 is larger than 4mm, the wood screw 12 is adopted, namely, the small-section short wood which is discarded in forestry and wood processing is directly taken to be made into the wood screw 12, so that the utilization rate of the discarded wood is improved, the structure of the wood screw 12 is simple, and the light steel 1 and the long wood unit 2 can be firmly fixed.

As shown in fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by sixth pins 10, and the connection interface between the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the T-shaped beam base member and the connection interface between the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the T-shaped beam base member are fixed by seventh glue bonding. Therefore, a connecting interface between the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the T-shaped beam base part, and a connecting interface between the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the T-shaped beam base part are mechanically connected and interface bonding complementary double-connecting interfaces can be formed, so that the force transmission between the combined T-shaped beam 1000 is ensured, and the performance of the joint work of the whole combined T-shaped beam 1000 is improved. The upper bamboo plywood 301 and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base part and the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part are fixed through the sixth pins 10, the fixing mode is simple and reliable, and the number of the sixth pins 10 is determined according to requirements. In addition, the sixth pin 10 can be a short cylindrical bamboo pin made of bamboo, so that the utilization rate of bamboo resources is improved, and the short cylindrical bamboo pin has high tensile strength and good elasticity and flexibility; the fifth glue is preferably structural glue, the structural glue is high in strength, resistant to stripping and impact, capable of bearing large load, resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, simple and convenient in construction process, stable in performance within the expected service life of the structure, wide in application range, and capable of reliably bonding the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the T-shaped beam base piece as well as the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the T-shaped beam base piece.

It should be noted that, the whole bamboo plywood 3 is adopted in the midspan area of the beam, when the length of the finished bamboo plywood 3 is smaller than the length of the beam, the joints of the bamboo plywood 3 are arranged at the two ends of the beam and are staggered from the joints of the top and bottom small short wood of the left long wood unit 201 and the top and bottom small short wood of the right long wood unit 202 by not less than 100mm, so as to ensure the stress performance of the combined T-shaped beam 1000.

According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the ferrule 4 is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule 4, and the connection interface between the ferrule 4 and the T-beam structure is fixed by an eighth glue. Specifically, the T-shaped galvanized steel sheet hoop 4 is sleeved from two ends of the T-shaped beam structure in a close manner, eighth glue is brushed on a connecting interface between the hoop 4 and the T-shaped beam structure to achieve bonding of the interface between the T-shaped galvanized hoop 4 and the T-shaped beam structure, and the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure are restrained in a strengthening manner through the hoop 4. In addition, the eighth adhesive is preferably a structural adhesive which has high strength, is resistant to peeling and impact, can bear large load, is resistant to aging, fatigue and corrosion, is simple and convenient in construction process, has stable performance within the expected service life of the structure, is wide in application range, and can reliably bond the hoop 4 and the T-shaped beam structure.

It should be noted that the thickness of the ferrule 4 is not less than 2mm, and the width of the ferrule 4 is not less than 40mm, so as to ensure the strength of the ferrule 4, so that the ferrule 4 can reliably strengthen and restrain the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure, and the actual size of the thickness and the width of the ferrule 4 is determined by specific conditions.

The second aspect of the present invention also provides a method of making a composite T-beam 1000 as described above in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

A method of fabricating a composite T-beam 1000 according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, comprises the steps of:

manufacturing light steel 1: manufacturing an upper flange 102 and a lower flange 103 according to the construction requirement; the width dimension of the upper flange 102 in the left-right direction is greater than the width dimension of the lower flange 103 in the left-right direction, the left end of the upper flange 102 is bent downwards to form a first bent section 1021, the right end of the upper flange 102 is bent downwards to form a third bent section 1022, and the part of the upper flange 102 between the first bent section 1021 and the third bent section 1022 is in a straight state; the left end of the lower flange 103 is bent upwards to form a second bent section 1031, the right end of the lower flange 103 is bent upwards to form a fourth bent section 1032, and the part of the lower flange 103 between the second bent section 1031 and the fourth bent section 1032 is in a straight state; respectively welding and fixing an upper flange 102 and a lower flange 103 at the upper end and the lower end of the web 101, so that the web 101 and the parts of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 on the left side of the web 101 jointly enclose a left occlusion cavity, and the web 101 and the parts of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 on the right side of the web 101 jointly enclose a right occlusion cavity;

specifically, the areas of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 of the light steel 1 are respectively determined according to the stress requirement of the combined T-shaped beam 1000, the sizes of the straight section, the first bending section 1021, the second bending section 1031, the third bending section 1022 and the fourth bending section 1032 of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 are determined according to the structural requirement of the combined T-shaped beam 1000, the thicknesses of the upper flange 102 and the lower flange 103 are respectively determined according to the strength of the steel plate, the thickness of the web 101 is determined according to the structure of the light steel 1 and the stress requirement of the combined T-shaped beam 1000, and the first bending section 1021, the second bending section 1021, the third bending section 1022, the fourth bending section 1032 and the web 101 are subjected to double-side fillet welding.

Manufacturing a left long wood unit 201 and a right long wood unit 202: the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are respectively formed by staggered lamination and assembly of a plurality of small short wood, wherein a first mounting part 2013 is processed on the left long wood unit 201, a first rabbet 20111 extending along the front-back direction is processed on the upper surface of the left long wood unit 201, a second rabbet 20121 extending along the front-back direction is processed on the lower surface of the left long wood unit 201, a second mounting part 2023 is processed on the right long wood unit 202, a third rabbet 20211 extending along the front-back direction is processed on the upper surface of the right long wood unit 202, and a fourth rabbet 20221 extending along the front-back direction is processed on the lower surface of the right long wood unit 202;

specifically, each layer of the first web component 2012 and the second web component 2022 of the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 is manufactured first, two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the first web component 2012 and two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the second web component 2022 are spliced and fixed through the short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 11, and a connecting interface between two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the first web component 2012 and a connecting surface between two adjacent front and back short woods in each layer of the second web component 2022 are fixed by third glue so as to form each layer of the first web component 2012 and the second web component 2022, and the joints of the small short woods are staggered; secondly, manufacturing a first web component 2012 and a second web component 2022, splicing and fixing two small short woods, which are adjacent up and down, on different layers of the first web component 2012 and the second web component 2022 through short cylindrical bamboo pins, and fixing a connecting interface between the two small short woods, which are adjacent up and down, on the different layers by adopting fourth glue to form the first web component 2012 and the second web component 2022; then, a first wing plate assembly 2011 and a second wing plate assembly 2021 are manufactured, two front and rear adjacent small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the second wing plate assembly 2021 are spliced and fixed through a short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 11, and a connecting interface between the front and rear adjacent small short woods in the first wing plate assembly 2011 and a connecting interface between the front and rear adjacent small short woods in the second wing plate assembly 2021 are fixed by adopting a fifth glue to form the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the second wing plate assembly 2021; then, a left long wood unit 201 and a right long wood unit 202 are manufactured, the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are spliced and fixed through a short cylindrical bamboo pin or dovetail groove connecting piece 11, and a connecting interface between the small short wood of the first wing plate assembly 2011 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the first web assembly 2012 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction, and a connecting interface between the small short wood of the second wing plate assembly 2021 and the small short wood of the uppermost layer of the second web assembly 2022 which are adjacent to each other in the left-right direction are fixed through sixth glue bonding, so as to form the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202; finally, a first mounting portion 2013 is formed on the left long wood unit 201, a first groove 20111 extending in the front-rear direction is formed on the upper surface of the first wing member 2011, a second groove 20121 extending in the front-rear direction is formed on the lower surface of the first web member 2012, a second mounting portion 2023 is formed on the right long wood unit 202, a third groove 20211 extending in the front-rear direction is formed on the upper surface of the second wing member 2021, and a fourth groove 20221 extending in the front-rear direction is formed on the lower surface of the second web member 2022.

Mounting the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 on the light steel 1: first glue is respectively coated on a matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and a matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1, then a first installation part 2013 of the left long wood unit 201 and a second installation part 2023 of the right long wood unit 202 are respectively and correspondingly embedded into a left occlusion cavity and a right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, a first bending section 1021 is embedded into a first rabbet 20111, a second bending section 1031 is embedded into a second rabbet 20121, a third bending section 1022 is embedded into a third rabbet 20211, and a fourth bending section 1032 is embedded into a fourth rabbet 20221, so that a T-shaped beam base part is formed;

specifically, first glue is applied to the matching interface between the left long wood unit 201 and the light steel 1 and the matching interface between the right long wood unit 202 and the light steel 1 respectively, then the first mounting portion 2013 of the left long wood unit 201 is aligned with the left occlusion cavity of the light steel 1, the second mounting portion 2023 of the right long wood unit 202 is aligned with the right occlusion cavity of the light steel 1, the left long wood unit 201 and the right long wood unit 202 are pushed in from one end of the light steel 1, the first bending section 1021 is embedded into the first rabbet 20111 in the pushing process, the second bending section 1031 is embedded into the second rabbet 20121, the third bending section 1032 is embedded into the third rabbet 20211, and the fourth bending section 1022 is embedded into the fourth rabbet 20221, so that the T-base beam is formed.

Mounting the first pin 5: drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wood unit 201, the web plate 101 and the right long wood unit 202 at different positions of the T-shaped beam base part along the left-right direction by using an electric drill, respectively coating second glue on the peripheral surfaces of the first pins 5, and respectively embedding the first pins 5 into the through holes in a one-to-one corresponding manner;

specifically, firstly, drilling a plurality of through holes penetrating through the left long wooden unit 201, the web 101 and the right long wooden unit 202 in the left-right direction at different positions of the T-shaped beam base material by using an electric drill, then coating a second adhesive on the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of first pins 5, and then respectively embedding the plurality of first pins 5 into the plurality of through holes in a one-to-one corresponding manner; then, the upper flange 102 is fastened to the upper surface of the left timber unit 201 at the portion located on the left side of the web 101 by a plurality of screws 12, the upper flange 102 is fastened to the upper surface of the right timber unit 202 at the portion located on the right side of the web 101, the lower flange 103 is fastened to the lower surface of the left timber unit 201 at the portion located on the left side of the web 101, the lower flange 103 is fastened to the lower surface of the right timber unit 202 at the portion located on the right side of the web 101, and the screws 12 after connection are flush with the upper flange 102 or the lower flange 103 and do not protrude.

Installing an upper bamboo plywood 301 and a lower bamboo plywood 302: fixing an upper bamboo plywood 301 and a lower bamboo plywood 302 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base part respectively, so as to form a T-shaped beam structure;

specifically, seventh glue is applied to the connecting interface between the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the T-shaped beam base member and the connecting interface between the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the T-shaped beam base member, and then the sixth pin 10 fixes the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the upper surface of the T-shaped beam base member and the lower bamboo plywood 302 and the lower surface of the T-shaped beam base member.

Mounting the ferrule 4: a plurality of cuffs 4 are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.

Specifically, the eighth glue is coated on the inner sides of the plurality of cuffs 4, and then the plurality of cuffs 4 are sleeved into and grip the two ends of the T-shaped beam structure from the two ends of the combined T-shaped beam 1000.

It should be noted that the exposed parts of the small short wood, the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are subjected to surface polishing and smoothing treatment, if color difference treatment is needed, the color difference treatment is performed, then the exposed parts of the small short wood, the upper bamboo plywood 301 and the lower bamboo plywood 302 of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are coated with wood varnish, and the exposed parts of the light steel 1 at the two ends of the combined T-shaped beam 1000 are coated with antirust paint.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite T-beam, wherein said composite T-beam is a lightweight steel-interleaved laminated hardwood-bamboo plywood composite T-beam, comprising:

the light steel is I-shaped and comprises a web plate, an upper flange and a lower flange, wherein the width dimension of the upper flange in the left-right direction is larger than that of the lower flange in the left-right direction, the upper flange and the lower flange are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the web plate, the left end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a first bending section, the right end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a third bending section, the left end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a second bending section, and the right end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section; the web and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the left side of the web jointly form a left occlusion cavity, and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the right side of the web jointly form a right occlusion cavity;

the long wood unit comprises a left long wood unit and a right long wood unit, and the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are inverted L-shaped and are formed by splicing a plurality of small short woods in a staggered and laminated manner; the left long wood unit is provided with a first installation part matched with the left occlusion cavity, a first tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the left long wood unit, a second tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the left long wood unit, the right long wood unit is provided with a second installation part matched with the right occlusion cavity, a third tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the upper surface of the right long wood unit, and a fourth tongue-and-groove extending along the front-back direction is formed on the lower surface of the right long wood unit; the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the light steel, the first installation part of the left long wood unit and the second installation part of the right long wood unit are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, the first bending section is embedded into the first rabbet, the second bending section is embedded into the second rabbet, the third bending section is embedded into the third rabbet, the fourth bending section is embedded into the fourth rabbet, and a matching interface between the left long wood unit and the light steel and a matching interface between the right long wood unit and the light steel are fixed by adopting first glue bonding, so that a T-shaped beam base member is formed;

the ferrules are sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure;

the left long wood unit comprises a first web component and a first wing plate component, the right long wood unit comprises a second web component and a second wing plate component, wherein,

2. The composite T-beam defined in claim 1 wherein said upper and lower flanges are formed by cold-bending.

3. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the upper flange, the lower flange and the web have a thickness dimension of 2 to 8mm.

4. The composite T-beam according to claim 1, wherein said small stubs have a rectangular cross section, a side length of the cross section of said small stubs is not less than 40mm, and a length of said small stubs in the front-rear direction is not less than 1/4 of a length of said composite T-beam.

5. The composite T-beam as in claim 1, wherein the materials of the minor jogs of different layers within the left and right longwood units are the same or different.

6. The composite T-beam according to claim 5, wherein said small short wood of the uppermost and lowermost layers within said left and right long wood elements are processed using high strength hardwood and said small short wood of the middle layer within said left and right long wood elements are processed using low strength softwood.

7. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the second, third, fourth, and fifth pins are all short cylindrical bamboo pins.

8. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the first bend section, the second bend section, the third bend section, and the fourth bend section have a height dimension that is no less than 20mm, and wherein a distance from the first bend section to a left side of the first wing assembly, a distance from the third bend section to a right side of the second wing assembly, a distance from the second bend section to a left side of the first web assembly, and a distance from the fourth bend section to a right side of the second web assembly are no less than 30mm.

9. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the first pin is an elongated cylindrical bamboo pin.

10. The composite T-beam of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of screws, a portion of said screws fastening said upper flange to the upper surface of said left timber unit at a portion to the left of said web, another portion of said screws fastening said upper flange to the upper surface of said right timber unit at a portion to the right of said web, another portion of said screws fastening said lower flange to the lower surface of said left timber unit at a portion to the left of said web, and the remaining portion of said screws fastening said lower flange to the lower surface of said right timber unit at a portion to the right of said web.

11. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the upper bamboo plywood and the upper surface of the T-beam base member and the lower bamboo plywood and the lower surface of the T-beam base member are secured by sixth pins, and wherein the connection interface between the upper bamboo plywood and the T-beam base member and the connection interface between the lower bamboo plywood and the T-beam base member are secured by seventh glue bonds.

12. The composite T-beam of claim 1, wherein the ferrule is a T-shaped galvanized steel ferrule, and a connection interface between the ferrule and the T-beam structure is secured with an eighth glue bond.

13. A method of fabricating a composite T-beam according to any of claims 1-12, comprising the steps of:

manufacturing the light steel: manufacturing the upper flange and the lower flange according to the construction requirement; the width dimension of the upper flange in the left-right direction is larger than that of the lower flange in the left-right direction, the left end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a first bending section, the right end of the upper flange is bent downwards to form a third bending section, and the part of the upper flange between the first bending section and the third bending section is in a straight state; the left end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a second bending section, the right end of the lower flange is bent upwards to form a fourth bending section, and the part of the lower flange between the second bending section and the fourth bending section is in a straight state; respectively welding and fixing the upper flange and the lower flange at the upper end and the lower end of the web plate, so that the web plate and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the left side of the web plate jointly enclose a left occlusion cavity, and the web plate and the parts of the upper flange and the lower flange on the right side of the web plate jointly enclose a right occlusion cavity;

installing the left long wood unit and the right long wood unit on the light steel: first glue is respectively coated on a matching interface between the left long wood unit and the light steel and a matching interface between the right long wood unit and the light steel, then the first installation part of the left long wood unit and the second installation part of the right long wood unit are respectively and correspondingly embedded into the left occlusion cavity and the right occlusion cavity, correspondingly, the first bending section is embedded into the first rabbet, the second bending section is embedded into the second rabbet, the third bending section is embedded into the third rabbet, and the fourth bending section is embedded into the fourth rabbet, so that a T-shaped base part is formed;

installing the ferrule: and sleeving a plurality of cuffs on the outer peripheral surface of the T-shaped beam structure.