CN113461868A - 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113461868A
CN113461868A CN202110640213.0A CN202110640213A CN113461868A CN 113461868 A CN113461868 A CN 113461868A CN 202110640213 A CN202110640213 A CN 202110640213A CN 113461868 A CN113461868 A CN 113461868A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
polyurethane
emulsion
acrylate
fluorine
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202110640213.0A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN113461868B (zh
Inventor
孟宪涛
黄巍
罗小妹
张真真
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangzhou Yaousham Leather Raw Materials Co ltd
Original Assignee
Guangzhou Yaousham Leather Raw Materials Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangzhou Yaousham Leather Raw Materials Co ltd filed Critical Guangzhou Yaousham Leather Raw Materials Co ltd
Priority to CN202110640213.0A priority Critical patent/CN113461868B/zh
Publication of CN113461868A publication Critical patent/CN113461868A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN113461868B publication Critical patent/CN113461868B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F283/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F283/006Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00
    • C08F283/008Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00 on to unsaturated polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08Processes
    • C08G18/10Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4063Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/62 with other macromolecular compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4236Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
    • C08G18/4238Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4266Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
    • C08G18/4269Lactones
    • C08G18/4277Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/44Polycarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48Polyethers
    • C08G18/4825Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/62Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08G18/6283Polymers of nitrogen containing compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/62Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • C08G18/6287Polymers of sulfur containing compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6633Compounds of group C08G18/42
    • C08G18/6637Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6648Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6651Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6666Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/667Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6681Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6685Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D151/00Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D151/08Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14CCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
    • C14C11/00Surface finishing of leather
    • C14C11/003Surface finishing of leather using macromolecular compounds
    • C14C11/006Surface finishing of leather using macromolecular compounds using polymeric products of isocyanates (or isothiocyanates) with compounds having active hydrogen

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚氨酯‑含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用。本发明的聚氨酯‑含氟丙烯酸酯乳液由交联聚氨酯预乳液、丙烯酸酯类单体和引发剂制备而成;所述交联聚氨酯预乳液由分散相和固相组成,所述固相由如下原料制备而成:二异氰酸酯,多元醇,双羟基两性离子聚合物,二元胺扩链剂,三元胺交联剂和异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯;所述双羟基两性离子聚合物由硫代甘油和两性离子化合物聚合而成;所述丙烯酸酯类单体包括含氟丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯。通过在聚氨酯的侧链中引入两性离子聚合物,且经过交联形成了疏水基团包覆亲水基团的聚氨酯‑含氟丙烯酸酯结构,从而获得了具有优异抗油、疏水、拒污性能的聚氨酯‑含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。

Description

一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及化工技术领域,更具体的,涉及一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯皮革手感柔软、抗磨损、耐挠曲、耐寒、透气,是天然皮革的理想替代品,广泛用于制备箱包、服饰和家具等。由于皮革产品与人体皮肤接触,易粘附皮肤分泌的油脂和汗渍,时间长了易滋生霉菌、细菌、真菌等微生物,导致皮革表面降解开裂;产品使用中也不可避免地会接触到咖啡、茶水、酱油、笔迹等生活污迹,影响产品美观性。在聚氨酯皮革表面涂覆具有抗水、抗油性的耐污光油,是保护皮革产品、延长使用寿命的方法之一。
一般认为表面能低于25mN/m的材料可提供拒水拒油的防污效果。氟碳链长为8的丙烯酸全氟烷基酯聚合物(C8氟碳化合物)的表面能低至18mN/m,可提供大于150°的水接触角,但该全氟碳化合物非常难降解,具有生物累积性,对环境和人体健康有害。氟碳链长数≤6的含氟衍生物,如全氟己基(C6氟碳化合物)、全氟丁基(C4氟碳化合物),可作为C8氟碳化合物的替代品,以提供防污效果。中国专利申请CN101006149A公开了一种防水防油剂组合物,利用氟碳链≤6的全氟代烷基获得了防水防油性好的组合物。但全氟碳链较短时,与油性或水性液滴长时间接触后会逐渐失去与产品表面垂直的定向能力,导致拒污性能下降。而耐污性除了指不易被污渍润湿或附着外,还包括易于去除污渍而不损坏涂层的能力。C4和C6氟碳化合物的表面能非常低,一旦渗入污渍后就难以用水洗涤除净,在实际使用过程中会出现污迹刚粘上时易擦净,放置久了则难擦的情况。
中国专利申请CN 107286303 A公开了一种水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备的水性塑料油墨,使用包括亲水单体等组分制得的聚氨酯预乳液,通过亲水改性来实现耐污性能,制得了具有良好耐水性的塑料油墨。但该塑料油墨是用于塑料薄膜表面,通常是PET、OPP、PE等材料,而非聚氨酯材料。同时该塑料油墨具有如下问题:(1)仅具有耐水性,而没有针对皮肤油脂、日常生活污渍等的耐污性;(2)仅通过亲水性来提高污渍附着后的易清洗性,而并未从源头防止污渍的渗入或附着。因此,该水性聚氨酯丙烯酸酯乳液的耐污性仍较差。
因此,需要开发出一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,具有良好的防污性能。
发明内容
本发明为克服上述现有技术所述的防污性能差的缺陷,提供一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,该聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液中在聚氨酯的侧链中引入呈刷状分布的两性离子聚合物,且经过交联形成了亲水聚氨酯在内、疏水含氟聚合物包覆在外的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯结构,从而具有优异的抗油、疏水、拒污作用。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液在制备耐污光油中的应用。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种耐污光油,所述耐污光油包括上述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液由如下重量份的原料制备而成:交联聚氨酯预乳液100份、丙烯酸酯类单体28~53份和引发剂0.2~0.4份;
所述交联聚氨酯预乳液由分散相和固相组成,所述分散相为去离子水,所述固相由如下重量份的原料制备而成:二异氰酸酯10~20份,多元醇66~81份,双羟基两性离子聚合物4~8份,二元胺扩链剂1.2~2.9份,三元胺交联剂0.5~1.5份和异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯1.9~3.5份;
所述双羟基两性离子聚合物由硫代甘油和两性离子化合物聚合而成;
所述丙烯酸酯类单体至少包括含氟丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯和丙烯酸酯三种单体。
本发明利用巯基-烯点击反应,硫代甘油为含单巯基的双羟基化合物,与两性离子化合物共聚,得到含双羟基的两性离子聚合物。利用羟基与二异氰酸酯反应,在聚氨酯中引入两性离子聚合物,接枝后的两性离子聚合物呈刷状分布于聚氨酯侧链,其极性强,易溶于水,取代了亲水单体用于聚氨酯的亲水乳化。同时,由于两性离子聚合物具有生物防污性,可抑制油脂或汗渍的附着,进一步避免了油脂或汗渍导致的微生物生长,从而获得良好的抗油、防污性。
两性离子化合物由于同时含有正负电荷单元,还可以通过静电相互作用结合大量的水分子,具有较高的水合能力和电中性。引入了两性离子聚合物的聚氨酯具有亲水链段,而(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯和含氟丙烯酸酯单体均具有疏水性,因此,在本发明的水性体系聚合过程中,疏水聚丙烯酸酯链段倾向移入聚氨酯内部。为了避免这种相转变导致的亲水基团在外、疏水基团在内的结构,本发明进一步引入了三元胺交联剂,在聚氨酯乳化的过程中进行交联,得到了具有交联结构的聚氨酯。通过交联结构限制核壳相转变,使(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯和含氟丙烯酸酯的疏水聚合物链段主要包覆在亲水基团的外层,更好地起到疏水、拒污作用。
经过反应,交联聚氨酯预乳液中固相的结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
Figure BDA0003106923200000031
其中M代表两性离子;R代表三元胺除伯胺基团外的残基;
Figure BDA0003106923200000032
没有特别限定;n,x均为自然数,且n≥2,x≥1。
优选地,所述两性离子化合物为磷酰胆碱类两性离子化合物和/或磺基甜菜碱类两性离子化合物。
可选的,所述两性离子化合物为2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基磷酰胆碱和/或甲基丙烯酰乙基磺基甜菜碱。
优选地,所述双羟基两性离子聚合物的聚合方法为:
将硫代甘油、两性离子化合物、自由基引发剂溶于有机溶剂中,在紫外照射条件下进行聚合反应,产物经提纯得到所述双羟基两性离子聚合物。
具体的,所述双羟基两性离子聚合物的聚合方法为:
分别将硫代甘油、两性离子化合物、自由基引发剂和醇类溶剂加入反应瓶中,在室温下用紫外灯(波长350nm,光强度100%,100mV/cm2)照射反应1~2h,得到反应预产物;
将上述反应预产物在乙醚或氯仿中沉淀3次,60℃真空干燥,得到双羟基两性离子聚合物。
优选地,所述硫代甘油与两性离子化合物的质量比为(6~16)∶(84~94)。
硫代甘油与两性离子化合物的质量比一定程度上控制了两性离子聚合物的聚合程度,即式(Ⅰ)中n的大小。硫代甘油与两性离子化合物的质量比不宜过大或过小,质量比过大时,即硫代甘油的量较多,两性离子聚合物的聚合程度低,水化性减弱,不利于聚合物成膜表面由疏水转为亲水;质量比过小时,即两性离子化合物的量较多,生成的两性离子聚合物的聚合程度较大,即式(Ⅰ)中n的数值较大,使得交联聚氨酯预乳液中两性离子聚合物过于集中,不易于分散。
优选地,式(Ⅰ)中所述n为2~6。
优选地,所述自由基引发剂为偶氮二异丁腈和/或偶氮二异庚腈。
优选地,所述有机溶剂为醇类溶剂。
优选地,所述二异氰酸酯中-NCO的摩尔数∶多元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物中-OH的总摩尔数为(1.2~1.6)∶1。
所述二元胺扩链剂和三元胺交联剂中-NH的总摩尔数大于所述二异氰酸酯与多元醇、双羟基两性离子聚合物反应完全后残余的-NCO摩尔数。
优选地,所述交联聚氨酯预乳液中分散相与固相的质量比为(2.1~2.6)∶1。
优选地,所述引发剂为过硫酸盐引发剂。
可选的,所述过硫酸盐引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾或过硫酸钠中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述丙烯酸酯类单体包括如下重量份的组分:
含氟丙烯酸酯单体12~20份,(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯8~15份,丙烯酸酯8~18份。
本发明在丙烯酸酯链段中引入(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯,其刚性异冰片基为体系提供耐磨性和疏水性,避免光油经擦洗后表面损伤、耐污性下降。
优选地,所述含氟丙烯酸酯单体为六氟丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯和/或四氟丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
优选地,所述丙烯酸酯为(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述多元醇为二元醇。
以二元醇作为原料进行聚合反应,可以控制预聚物的粘度不会过高。
更优选地,所述二元醇为聚己二酸乙二醇酯、聚己二酸丁二醇酯、聚碳酸酯二元醇、聚己内酯二元醇或聚醚二元醇中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述二元胺扩链剂为乙二胺、丁二胺、己二胺或异佛尔酮二胺中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述三元胺交联剂为丙三胺、三胺苯、4,4',4”-三氨基三苯甲烷或三聚氰胺中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯为异氰酸酯丙烯酸乙酯。
本发明还保护上述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.将二异氰酸酯、多元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物混合,进行聚合反应,聚合过程中用丙酮降粘;
S2.冰水浴条件下,加入二元胺扩链剂、三元胺交联剂和去离子水,搅拌反应得到端氨基的交联聚氨酯预聚体;加入异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯继续反应,至-NCO反应完全;脱除丙酮,得到所述交联聚氨酯预乳液;
S3.将丙烯酸酯类单体、引发剂混合后滴加至所述交联聚氨酯预乳液中,经加热反应,得到所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。
优选地,步骤S3中所述加热反应的温度为75~85℃,时间为2~4h。
本发明还保护上述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液在制备耐污光油中的应用。
本发明还保护一种耐污光油,所述耐污光油包括如下重量百分比的组分:
所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液53~62%,快干溶剂15~25%,蜡乳液2~5%,消泡剂0.1~0.3%,润湿剂0.5~1.5%,余量为去离子水。
可选的,所述快干溶剂为甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇中的一种或几种。
可选的,所述蜡乳液XH-8015、E770、E-817CF、Wax35或Wax26中的一种或几种。
可选的,所述消泡剂为Tego Foamex 800、Tego Foamex 830或BYK-012中的一种或几种。
可选的,所述润湿剂为Tego Wet 260、Tego Wet KL 245或104E中的一种或几种。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明在聚氨酯的侧链中引入了呈刷状分布的两性离子聚合物,可抑制油脂或汗渍的附着,进一步避免了油脂或汗渍导致的微生物生长,从而获得良好的抗油性、抗生物污染性;同时,由于两性离子聚合物的亲水性,有利于在用水清洗污渍时带走污渍,使得沾污后易清洗干净。
(2)在本发明聚氨酯体系聚合过程中,引入了三元胺扩链,在聚氨酯乳化的过程中进行交联,合成了亲水聚氨酯在内、疏水含氟聚合物包覆在外的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯结构,从而更好地起到疏水、拒污作用。
(3)采用本发明开发的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液制备的水性耐污光油,涂覆于聚氨酯皮革上,使得聚氨酯皮革不易被污渍沾污,沾污后易清洗干净。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例及对比例中的原料均可通过市售得到;
除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
实施例1~5
实施例1~5分别提供一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,制备方法如下:
S1.分别将硫代甘油、两性离子化合物、自由基引发剂和醇类溶剂加入反应瓶中,在室温下用紫外灯(波长350nm,光强度100%,100mV/cm2)照射反应1~2h,得到反应预产物;
将上述反应预产物在乙醚或氯仿中沉淀3次,60℃真空干燥,得到双羟基两性离子聚合物;
S2.将二异氰酸酯、多元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物混合,进行聚合反应至残余-NCO达到理论值,聚合过程中用丙酮降粘;
其中二异氰酸酯中-NCO的摩尔数∶多元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物中-OH的总摩尔数为(1.2~1.6)∶1;
S3.冰水浴条件下,加入二元胺扩链剂、三元胺交联剂和去离子水,搅拌反应得到端氨基的交联聚氨酯预聚体;加入异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯继续反应,至-NCO反应完全;脱除丙酮,得到交联聚氨酯预乳液;
S4.将丙烯酸酯类单体、引发剂混合,在75~85℃条件下滴加至交联聚氨酯预乳液中,使用碳酸氢钠中和引发剂产生的少量酸,加热反应2~4h,得到聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。
原料中各组分含量见表1~表3。
表1双羟基两性离子聚合物的原料组分(重量份)
Figure BDA0003106923200000071
表2交联聚氨酯预乳液固相的原料组分(重量份)
Figure BDA0003106923200000072
Figure BDA0003106923200000081
*-NCO/-OH摩尔比值是指二异氰酸酯的-NCO摩尔数与二元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物的-OH总摩尔数的比值。
表3聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(B1~B5)的原料组分(重量份)
Figure BDA0003106923200000082
实施例6~10
实施例6~10分别提供一种耐污光油,分别使用实施例1~5中聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液制得,具体包括如下重量百分比的组分:
聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(分别使用B1~B5)58%,乙醇15%,蜡乳液E770 4%,消泡剂Tego Foamex 830 0.2%,润湿剂104E 1.0%,余量为去离子水。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制得的耐污光油,与实施例1的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(B1)的区别在于:
将交联聚氨酯预乳液A1中双羟基两性离子聚合物M1等质量替换为3-(二(2-羟乙基)甲基氨基)丙烷-1-磺酸盐,并将本对比例的交联聚氨酯预乳液固相的配方做相应调整,详见表4:
表4对比例1的交联聚氨酯预乳液固相的原料组分
物质名称 重量份
异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯 13.2
聚己二酸丁二醇酯 78.1
3-(二(2-羟乙基)甲基氨基)丙烷-1-磺酸盐 5
丁二胺 1.2
三聚氰胺 0.6
异氰酸酯丙烯酸乙酯 1.9
-NCO/-OH摩尔比值 1.31
对比例2
本对比例提供一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制得的耐污光油,与实施例1的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(B1)的区别在于:
将交联聚氨酯预乳液A1中三元胺交联剂等摩尔氨基量替换为二元胺,即对比例2的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液不含三元胺交联剂。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制得的耐污光油,与实施例1的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(B1)的区别在于:
不添加(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯。
性能测试
对上述实施例和对比例制得的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液、耐污光油进行性能测试。
聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的性能测试:
接触角:采用200μm湿膜制备器将聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液涂覆于聚氨酯薄膜表面,室温干燥成膜,采用OCA20接触角/表面张力测量仪,分别测定滴水后30s和5min时,乳液膜与水的接触角。
耐污光油的性能测试:
将耐污光油涂敷于聚氨酯皮革表面,105℃烘干。
耐磨性能:按照ISO 17076-2-2011马丁代尔球板法测试光油层磨损时的摩擦转数;
耐沾污性:按照QB/T 5253.1-2018马丁代尔摩擦法测试,用灰色样卡评定变色程度;评定结果分五级九档,5级色差最小,即耐沾污性能最好,1级最差。
污渍清洗性:用滴管分别吸取0.5mL酱油、咖啡两种污液,滴在光油膜上,放置1h后,用棉布浸取浓度为5%的洗衣粉水溶液,对污迹来回擦洗20遍后,观察污迹的残留程度。1级代表基本擦净,2级代表残留较浅,3级代表中等,4级代表残留较深,5级代表残留极深。
实施例1~5制备的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液(B1~B5)的接触角测试结果见表5,实施例6~10制备的耐污光油的测试结果见表6,对比例1~3的测试结果见表7。
表5实施例1~5的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液接触角测试结果
Figure BDA0003106923200000101
表6实施例6~10的耐污光油测试结果
Figure BDA0003106923200000102
表7对比例1~3的测试结果
Figure BDA0003106923200000103
根据上述测试结果,本发明各实施例制得的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液成膜后与水接触角大于95°,放置5min后接触角变为小于90°。这说明本发明的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液成膜后与水长时间接触,可以被水浸润。而由对比例1的测试结果可以看出,当使用普通的两性离子替换本发明的两性离子聚合物时,其乳液膜与水长时间接触后,依然保持大于90°的接触角,即不易被水浸润。
发明人认为,这是由于3-(二(2-羟乙基)甲基氨基)丙烷-1-磺酸盐是单个两性离子链分布于聚氨酯主链。而实施例中制得的两性离子聚合物(M1、M2、M3、M4)是由多个两性离子链段呈刷状分布于聚氨酯的侧链,由此制得的交联聚氨酯预乳液水化性更强,可使聚合物表面由疏水逐渐转为亲水,而3-(二(2-羟乙基)甲基氨基)丙烷-1-磺酸盐达不到这种效果。
结合污渍清洗性也可以看出,各实施例中对酱油的清洗性均为1级,而对比例1中对酱油的清洗性仅为3级。由于光油对油性污迹的抗污性有限,当与酱油长时间接触时会导致污渍粘附,而乳液的疏水性使水难润湿,故使用洗衣粉水难以擦洗干净。
根据对比例2与各实施例的测试结果可以看出,在不添加三元胺交联剂的情况下,交联聚氨酯预乳液不产生交联结构,乳液膜与水接触角明显下降。这是因为聚合过程中,疏水的含氟单体较多被包覆在聚氨酯内部,不利于发挥含氟单体的疏水疏油作用,导致耐沾污性能下降。
本发明各实施例的耐污光油的耐磨性能优异,摩擦转数均>3万转。而对比例3,缺少了(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯的耐污光油耐磨性能和耐沾污性较差,摩擦转数仅为2.9万转,而光油表面因摩擦受损,耐沾污性随之下降;且由于(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯具有一定的疏水性,缺少了(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯的聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液疏水性较差,在30s时的接触角较低。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液由如下重量份的原料制备而成:交联聚氨酯预乳液100份、丙烯酸酯类单体28~53份、引发剂0.2~0.4份;
所述交联聚氨酯预乳液由分散相和固相组成,所述分散相为去离子水,所述固相由如下重量份的原料制备而成:二异氰酸酯10~20份,多元醇66~81份,双羟基两性离子聚合物4~8份,二元胺扩链剂1.2~2.9份,三元胺交联剂0.5~1.5份和异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯1.9~3.5份;
所述双羟基两性离子聚合物由硫代甘油和两性离子化合物聚合而成;
所述丙烯酸酯类单体至少包括含氟丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯和丙烯酸酯三种单体。
2.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述两性离子化合物为磷酰胆碱类两性离子化合物和/或磺基甜菜碱类两性离子化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述双羟基两性离子聚合物的聚合方法为:
将硫代甘油、两性离子化合物、自由基引发剂溶于有机溶剂中,在紫外照射条件下反应,产物经提纯得到所述双羟基两性离子聚合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述硫代甘油与两性离子化合物的质量比为(6~16)∶(84~94)。
5.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸酯类单体包括如下重量份的组分:含氟丙烯酸酯单体12~20份,(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯8~15份,丙烯酸酯8~18份。
6.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述含氟丙烯酸酯单体为六氟丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯和/或四氟丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液,其特征在于,所述三元胺交联剂为丙三胺、三胺苯、4,4',4”-三氨基三苯甲烷或三聚氰胺中的一种或几种。
8.权利要求1~7任一项所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1.将二异氰酸酯、多元醇和双羟基两性离子聚合物混合,进行聚合反应,聚合过程中用丙酮降粘;
S2.冰水浴条件下,加入二元胺扩链剂、三元胺交联剂和去离子水,搅拌反应得到端氨基的交联聚氨酯预聚体;加入异氰酸酯丙烯酸酯继续反应,至-NCO反应完全;抽真空脱除丙酮,得到所述交联聚氨酯预乳液;
S3.将丙烯酸酯类单体、引发剂混合后滴加至所述交联聚氨酯预乳液中,经加热反应,得到所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液。
9.权利要求1~7任一项所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液在制备耐污光油中的应用。
10.一种耐污光油,其特征在于,包括如下重量百分比的组分:
权利要求1~7任一项所述聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液53~62%,快干溶剂15~25%,蜡乳液2~5%,消泡剂0.1~0.3%,润湿剂0.5~1.5%,余量为去离子水。
CN202110640213.0A 2021-06-08 2021-06-08 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用 Active CN113461868B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110640213.0A CN113461868B (zh) 2021-06-08 2021-06-08 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110640213.0A CN113461868B (zh) 2021-06-08 2021-06-08 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113461868A true CN113461868A (zh) 2021-10-01
CN113461868B CN113461868B (zh) 2023-07-25

Family

ID=77869468

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110640213.0A Active CN113461868B (zh) 2021-06-08 2021-06-08 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113461868B (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116217448A (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-06-06 江苏海洋大学 一种含有双季铵阳离子和双磺基甜菜碱的异氰酸酯交联剂的制备方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102492087A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2012-06-13 何彦萱 一种含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物阳离子乳液及其制备方法和应用
CN102816285A (zh) * 2012-08-14 2012-12-12 江苏大学 一种水性含氟丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯涂料及其制备方法和应用
CN103319680A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-09-25 中国海洋石油总公司 阳离子-非离子型水性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制法
US9074036B1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-07-07 Champward Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. Preparing method for aqueous emulsion via dispersible urethane acrylate copolymerization
WO2017161607A1 (zh) * 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 万华化学集团股份有限公司 水性可辐射固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯组合物及制备方法及涂料
CN111423554A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2020-07-17 四川大学 一种具有防水、防油、防污损性能的含氟水性聚氨酯材料

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102492087A (zh) * 2011-12-02 2012-06-13 何彦萱 一种含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物阳离子乳液及其制备方法和应用
CN102816285A (zh) * 2012-08-14 2012-12-12 江苏大学 一种水性含氟丙烯酸酯改性聚氨酯涂料及其制备方法和应用
CN103319680A (zh) * 2013-07-08 2013-09-25 中国海洋石油总公司 阳离子-非离子型水性聚氨酯-聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制法
US9074036B1 (en) * 2014-05-30 2015-07-07 Champward Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. Preparing method for aqueous emulsion via dispersible urethane acrylate copolymerization
WO2017161607A1 (zh) * 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 万华化学集团股份有限公司 水性可辐射固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯组合物及制备方法及涂料
CN111423554A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2020-07-17 四川大学 一种具有防水、防油、防污损性能的含氟水性聚氨酯材料

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116217448A (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-06-06 江苏海洋大学 一种含有双季铵阳离子和双磺基甜菜碱的异氰酸酯交联剂的制备方法
CN116217448B (zh) * 2023-03-06 2023-11-17 江苏海洋大学 一种含有双季铵阳离子和双磺基甜菜碱的异氰酸酯交联剂的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113461868B (zh) 2023-07-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4625243B2 (ja) 架橋性ポリウレタンの組成物
US11396574B2 (en) Self-healing, self-cleaning omniphobic composition, related articles and related methods
KR101393263B1 (ko) 경화성 플루오르화 공중합체 및 그의 코팅 및 방법
JP6700542B2 (ja) 積層フィルム
JP6757317B2 (ja) 汚れ防止および落書き防止組成物
JP5280195B2 (ja) 高エネルギー線硬化性組成物
CN1210554A (zh) 水基亲水涂料组合物及由其制备的产品
CN104080861A (zh) 包含水性聚合物分散体、交联剂和聚环氧烷的酸或盐的防雾涂料
JP6326063B2 (ja) 非水性フルオロポリマー組成物
JP2009520087A5 (zh)
CN101223204A (zh) 用于处理纤维基材的含氟氨基甲酸乙酯组合物
JP6225979B2 (ja) 水性ポリウレタン樹脂分散体組成物及びその製造方法
CN107001563A (zh) 衍生自非氟化或部分氟化聚合物的聚氨酯
CN113461868A (zh) 一种聚氨酯-含氟丙烯酸酯乳液及其制备方法和应用
AU2021276419A1 (en) Coating composition, method of making a hydrophilic coating on a substrate, and medical device comprising such coating
US7396590B2 (en) Soft block with repeat units that favor migration to a surface and repeat units with an activity of interest, and polymeric articles or coatings using same
CN110267998B (zh) 用于疏水性和疏油性织物整理的聚合物
KR20120102786A (ko) 생물 부착 방지 피막의 제조를 위한 조성물
KR102435518B1 (ko) 발수성 폴리우레탄 수지 조성물, 그를 함유한 용액형 표면 발수제 및 그를 이용한 발수제품
CN1318505C (zh) 水性乳剂组合物
JPH08337754A (ja) 水性塗料組成物および屋外物品
CN102027031A (zh) 含氟聚合物组合物和处理过的基底
KR100535873B1 (ko) 내오성이 우수한 불소계 폴리우레탄 수지
KR20150131639A (ko) 환경친화형 불소계 폴리우레탄 수지 조성물 및 그를 이용한 표면 발수제
CN113463399A (zh) 一种无氟无颗粒的疏水织物的制备方法和应用

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant