CN113461721A - 一种具有大斯托克斯位移bodipy类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种具有大斯托克斯位移bodipy类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法,采用BODIPY衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛为原料在对甲苯磺酸和哌啶催化作用下发生Knoevenagel缩合反应得到,其化学结构式如式(II)所示。该制备方法反应步骤简单、反应条件温和、选择性较好。该荧光染料具有高的摩尔消光系数和大的斯托克斯位移,且其最强电子吸收波长为703nm、最大荧光发射波长为813nm。在生物标记、近红外荧光成像、光电材料等领域具有广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成、荧光染料和精细化工技术领域,具体涉及一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法。
背景技术
有机小分子荧光染料的发展和应用已得到了广泛的关注,经典的荧光染料有花菁染料、BODIPY染料、罗丹明、香豆素、荧光素等。然而,大多数荧光染料的吸收和发射波长小于650nm,因而这些荧光染料的组织穿透能力差、自发荧光严重以及光毒性强等,因此导致这些荧光染料在细胞、组织及活体荧光成像技术中的应用受到了严重的限制。激发和发射波长均在近红外区(NIR,650-900nm)的荧光染料对细胞、组织及活体的穿透能力比较强,且在生物体内受到背景荧光干扰比较小、生物样品的光损伤也比较小,因而使得近红外荧光染料在细胞、组织及生物活体成像方面得到了较好的实际应用。
优异荧光染料不仅需要具有较大的摩尔消光系数和高荧光量子产率,还需要具有较大的斯托克斯位移和波长位于近红外区等优点。一方面,较大的斯托克斯位移会降低荧光自猝灭的影响;另外一方面,激发波长和发射波长都在近红外区,将会增大生物成像时的信噪比。因此,设计制备出具有较好的光化学和光物理性能的新型具有大斯托克斯位移近红外荧光染料具有重要的意义。
氟硼二吡咯甲川类(BODIPY)荧光染料是一类具有化学稳定、大的摩尔消光系数和高荧光量子产率等优点的荧光染料,吸引了包括在荧光标记、荧光探针、有机电致发光器件(OLEDs)、生物技术和太阳能电池等领域的科研工作者的密切关注。另外,BODIPY类荧光染料的母体结构具有较好的化学可修饰性,通过引入不同的共轭基团,使其波长易于调节至近红外区。然而BODIPY类荧光染料常具有较小的斯托克斯位移(斯托克斯位移大多数<50nm),从而极大地限制了BODIPY类荧光染料在生物标记、荧光成像、荧光探针等方面的应用。
针对现有技术的不足,本发明通过Knoevenagel缩合反应把强给电子基团(对二甲氨基苯乙烯)引入到本身具有吸电子基团(4-氟-3-甲基-苯乙烯)的BODIPY类衍生物(I)上,形成有效的电子推-拉结构,合成了一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料。其有效的改善了BODIPY类荧光染料斯托克斯位移小的问题,这不仅可以使该类近红外荧光染料提高检测灵敏度和准确度、降低其荧光自淬灭,还能增大生物成像的信噪比。使其在生物标记、近红外荧光成像、光电材料等领域具有广泛的应用前景。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法。
技术方案:为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
本发明的一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法,其特征在于该近红外荧光染料具有式(II)所示结构式:
一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY近红外荧光染料及其制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)在配备有Dean-stark装置的圆底烧瓶中加入BODIPY衍生物(I)、对二甲氨基苯甲醛和对甲苯磺酸,然后溶解于20~25mL甲苯和1.5~2mL哌啶中,反应混合物加热到115~125℃回流,反应时间4~6小时。其中,BODIPY类衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛的摩尔比为1∶8~10。
(2)将反应混合物冷至室温,二氯甲烷萃取、水洗,有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去有机溶剂,残留物经硅胶柱层析分离,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷-石油醚(v∶v=3∶2),得到深绿色固体产物BODIPY类近红外荧光染料。
具体化学反应式如下:
上述步骤(1)中,BODIPY类衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛的摩尔比为1∶8~10。
上述步骤(1)中,甲苯、哌啶与BODIPY类衍生物(I)体积与物质的量之比为20~25mL∶1.5~2mL∶0.5mmol。
上述步骤(1)中,催化剂为对甲苯磺酸和哌啶。
上述步骤(2)中,硅胶柱层析分离洗脱剂为二氯甲烷-石油醚(v∶v=3∶2)。
本发明的有益效果
与现有技术相比,本发明的一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料及其制备方法具有的优点有:(1)制备方法简便易行,避免了具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料合成步骤多、催化剂昂贵、难度大等问题;(2)该近红外荧光染料具有高的摩尔消光系数(大于2.0×105cm-1mol-1L),其最大电子吸收波长为703nm、最大荧光发射波长为813nm;(3)该近红外荧光染料具有大的斯托克斯位移,达到110nm;这不仅有利于提高该类近红外荧光染料检测灵敏度和准确度、降低其荧光自淬灭,还能增大生物成像的信噪比,使其在生物标记、近红外荧光成像、光电材料等领域具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的紫外-可见吸收光谱图;
图2是具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的荧光发射光谱图;
图3为具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的MALDI-TOF MASS图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体附图对本发明做进一步的说明。
用1H-NMR、MALDI-TOF-MS表征并证实具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的结构,使用UV-Vis谱和荧光光谱仪测定光谱性质。检测所用仪器为:BrukerARX600型核磁共振仪(氘代氯仿为溶剂),岛津UV-3100型紫外-可见分光光度计(扫描范围300~900nm,光路狭缝2nm),荧光光谱用美国Amico Bowman Series 2 LuminescenceSpectrometer测试。
实施例1具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的制备
在无水条件下,干燥的圆底烧瓶中配备有Dean-Stark装置,将BODIPY类衍生物(I)(303mg,0.5mmol),对二甲氨基苯甲醛(745mg,5mmol)和对甲苯磺酸(43mg,0.25mmol)溶于25mL甲苯和2mL哌啶,加热至120℃回流,反应6小时。冷至室温,用二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,合并有机层,减压蒸除有机溶剂,残余物经硅胶柱层析分离提纯,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷-石油醚(v∶v=3∶2),得到深绿色固体产物BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)(87mg,20%)。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ7.68(d,J=16.2Hz,2H),7.51(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),7.46-7.41(m,2H),7.30(d,J=16.2Hz,2H),7.16(s,2H),7.06-7.02(m,4H),6.92-6.86(m,6H),6.59(d,J=7.8Hz,4H),5.75(d,J=15.6Hz,2H),2.99(s,12H),2.59(s,3H),2.36(s,6H),2.15(s,6H).MALDI-TOF-MS:calculated for C56H53BF4N4:868.4299;found:868.425[M]+。
UV-vis:370nm,622nm,703nm(图1);Emission Wavelength:813nm(图2)。
实施例2具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的制备
类似于实施例1,所不同的在于,本实施例中的BODIPY类衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛按摩尔比为1∶6反应;反应温度控制在115℃,反应时间4小时。产率:15%。
实施例3具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)的制备
类似于实施例1,所不同的在于,本实施例中的BODIPY类衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛按摩尔比为1∶6反应;反应温度控制在125℃,反应时间6小时。产率:17%。
实施例4具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)溶液紫外-可见吸收光谱
将具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)溶于二氯甲烷中,配置成浓度为1×10-5mol/L二氯甲烷溶液,测定其紫外-可见吸收光谱。图1为本发明实施例1制备的近红外荧光染料(II)溶液紫外-可见吸收光谱。
实施例5具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)溶液荧光发射光谱
将具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料(II)溶于二氯甲烷中,配置成浓度为1×10-5mol/L二氯甲烷溶液,测定其荧光发射光谱。图2为本发明实施例1制备的近红外荧光染料(II)溶液荧光光谱。
Claims (5)
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料的制备方法,其特征在于,甲苯的体积、哌啶的体积与BODIPY衍生物(I)物质的量之比为20~25mL∶1.5~2mL∶0.5mmol。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料的制备方法,其特征在于,BODIPY类衍生物(I)与对二甲氨基苯甲醛摩尔比为1∶8~10。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有大斯托克斯位移BODIPY类近红外荧光染料,其特征在于,其摩尔吸收系数大于2.0×105cm-1mol-1L,其最强电子吸收波长为703nm、最大荧光发射波长为813nm,斯托克斯位移达到110nm。
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