CN113459510A - 3d打印机 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种3D打印机，包括封闭的机箱，机箱内设有打印装置，打印装置包括打印平台，打印平台上设有三维打印喷射装置，三维打印喷射装置包括升降机构，升降机构包括升降框架，升降框架上架设有直滑轨，直滑轨通过架接端在升降框架上自由滑动，直滑轨上设有打印喷头，打印喷头在直滑轨上自由滑动。本发明采用封闭的智能控制机箱保证机箱内3D打印过程对环境的要求，避免打印过程产生过度的振动和噪音，具有打印质量高以及产生的振动、噪音小的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种3D打印机，特别涉及一种改进的3D打印机，属于3D打印机领域。
背景技术
3D打印机广泛的应用于模具制造、工业设计等领域，用于产品的直接打印制造。3D打印技术是以数字模型文件为基础，采用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过逐层堆叠打印的方式来构造三维物体的技术。3D打印机与普通打印机的工作原理基本相同，3D打印机内装有流体或粉末等打印材料，在电脑控制下把打印材料逐层堆叠起来，最终实现将数字模型打印成实物造型。3D打印常用材料有尼龙玻纤、聚乳酸、ABS树脂、耐用性尼龙材料、石膏材料、铝材料、钛合金、不锈钢、镀银、镀金、橡胶类材料。目前，3D打印操作过程通常是在开放空间完成的，容易受到外部环境的影响，例如环境温度以及污染物的影响，而且打印过程产生的振动和噪音得不到较好的控制。
发明内容
本发明3D打印机公开了新的方案，采用封闭的智能控制机箱保证机箱内3D打印过程对环境的要求，避免打印过程产生过度的振动和噪音，解决了目前同类方案在开放空间进行打印操作出现的易受外部环境影响以及产生过度的振动、噪音的问题。
本发明3D打印机包括封闭的机箱，机箱内设有打印装置，打印装置包括打印平台，打印平台上设有三维打印喷射装置，三维打印喷射装置包括升降机构，升降机构包括升降框架，升降框架上架设有直滑轨，直滑轨通过架接端在升降框架上自由滑动，直滑轨上设有打印喷头，打印喷头在直滑轨上自由滑动。
进一步，本方案的机箱包括箱体，箱体的正面上设有密封门，密封门的下方的箱体正面上设有触摸式操作面板，箱体的侧面上设有进风口、排风口。
更进一步，本方案的箱体内设有换气风扇、照明灯管，换气风扇设在进风口的内侧上，照明灯管设在箱体内的顶部边角处。
进一步，本方案的打印平台包括复合打印面板、平台基座，复合打印面板包括由上至下依次结合的自粘性打印面板、黑金刚玻璃、铝平板，平台基座包括钢制基座平板，钢制基座平板的底部的角端上设有短支腿，复合打印面板的底部通过多个支撑柱固定在钢制基座平板上。
进一步，本方案的升降机构还包括设在打印平台下的升降驱动电机，升降框架包括传动横梁，传动横梁的两端设有滑轨纵梁，升降驱动电机通过竖直的传动丝杠A与传动横梁形成螺纹传动连接，直滑轨的两端设有纵向滑块，纵向滑块与滑轨纵梁形成滑动连接，设在滑轨纵梁的两端的纵向驱动电机通过纵向的传动丝杠B与纵向滑块形成螺纹传动连接，打印喷头通过横向滑块与直滑轨形成滑动连接，设在直滑轨的两端的横向驱动电机通过横向的传动丝杠C与横向滑块形成螺纹传动连接。
更进一步，本方案的升降驱动电机的两侧设有导柱基台，导柱基台上设有竖直的导柱，导柱穿过传动横梁形成滑动连接。
更进一步，本方案的3D打印机还包括自动控制系统，自动控制系统包括中央处理器、模型数据存储模块、升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，中央处理器解析模型数据存储模块内的打印模型数据生成打印指令发送给升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，升降驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制升降驱动电机驱动打印喷头升降运动，纵向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制纵向驱动电机驱动打印喷头纵向运动，横向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制横向驱动电机驱动打印喷头横向运动，进料控制模块解析收到的指令后控制打印喷头喷涂打印。
再进一步，本方案的自动控制系统还包括打印进度存储模块，打印进度存储模块根据收到的停止打印信号记录模型打印的进度数据，中央处理器解析打印进度存储模块内的打印进度数据生成续打印指令。
本发明3D打印机采用封闭的智能控制机箱保证机箱内3D打印过程对环境的要求，避免打印过程产生过度的振动和噪音，具有打印质量高以及产生的振动、噪音小的特点。
附图说明
图1是3D打印机的示意图。
图2是机箱内部剖视的主视示意图。
图3是机箱内部的升降机构剖视的主视示意图。
图4是机箱内部剖视的左视示意图。
图5是机箱内部的升降机构剖视的左视示意图。
图6是打印平台的示意图。
其中，100是机箱，110是密封门，120是触摸式操作面板，131是进风口，132是排风口，211是传动横梁，212是滑轨纵梁，213是升降驱动电机，214是传动丝杠A，215是导柱，216是纵向驱动电机，217是传动丝杠B，220是直滑轨，221是纵向滑块，222是横向驱动电机，223是传动丝杠C，230是打印喷头，231是横向滑块，311是自粘性打印面板，312是黑金刚玻璃，313是铝平板，321是钢制基座平板。
具体实施方式
如图1、2、4所示，本发明3D打印机包括封闭的机箱，机箱内设有打印装置，打印装置包括打印平台，打印平台上设有三维打印喷射装置，三维打印喷射装置包括升降机构，升降机构包括升降框架，升降框架上架设有直滑轨，直滑轨通过架接端在升降框架上自由滑动，直滑轨上设有打印喷头，打印喷头在直滑轨上自由滑动。上述方案采用封闭的智能控制机箱保证机箱内3D打印过程对环境的要求，避免打印过程产生过度的振动和噪音，机箱外壳采用高品质钣金激光焊接一体成型，扎实稳固，减少共振，封闭式的机身设计降低了因部件运动产生的噪音对外部环境的影响，大幅提高了打印质量。
基于以上方案，为了实现智能控制机箱的功能，本方案的机箱包括箱体，箱体的正面上设有密封门，密封门的下方的箱体正面上设有触摸式操作面板，箱体的侧面上设有进风口、排风口。进一步，为了完善机箱的换气、照明功能，本方案的箱体内设有换气风扇、照明灯管，换气风扇设在进风口的内侧上，照明灯管设在箱体内的顶部边角处。
为了保证打印堆叠材料的质量，本方案还公开了一种多层打印平台，如图6所示，本方案的打印平台包括复合打印面板、平台基座，复合打印面板包括由上至下依次结合的自粘性打印面板、黑金刚玻璃、铝平板，平台基座包括钢制基座平板，钢制基座平板的底部的角端上设有短支腿，复合打印面板的底部通过多个支撑柱固定在钢制基座平板上。自粘性打印面板提供了较强的模型粘糊性，解决了调平困难的问题，黑金刚玻璃提供了较高的平面度，加热后受热均匀，不易变形，铝平板具有较高的平面度，有效解决了打印断层的问题，钢制基座平板采用10mm一体加工钢板，有利于减少振动，稳定性强。
为了实现三维立体打印，本方案公开一种具体的打印机构，如图1～5所示，本方案的升降机构还包括设在打印平台下的升降驱动电机，升降框架包括传动横梁，传动横梁的两端设有滑轨纵梁，升降驱动电机通过竖直的传动丝杠A与传动横梁形成螺纹传动连接，直滑轨的两端设有纵向滑块，纵向滑块与滑轨纵梁形成滑动连接，设在滑轨纵梁的两端的纵向驱动电机通过纵向的传动丝杠B与纵向滑块形成螺纹传动连接，打印喷头通过横向滑块与直滑轨形成滑动连接，设在直滑轨的两端的横向驱动电机通过横向的传动丝杠C与横向滑块形成螺纹传动连接。基于以上方案，为了提高升降运动的稳定性，保证运动的精度，本方案的升降驱动电机的两侧设有导柱基台，导柱基台上设有竖直的导柱，导柱穿过传动横梁形成滑动连接。
为了实现打印的自动控制，增强打印的智能化控制，本方案的3D打印机还包括自动控制系统，自动控制系统包括中央处理器、模型数据存储模块、升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，中央处理器解析模型数据存储模块内的打印模型数据生成打印指令发送给升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，升降驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制升降驱动电机驱动打印喷头升降运动，纵向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制纵向驱动电机驱动打印喷头纵向运动，横向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制横向驱动电机驱动打印喷头横向运动，进料控制模块解析收到的指令后控制打印喷头喷涂打印。基于以上方案，为了在主动终止打印或意外断电等情况下，保存打印进度，以便在下次开机后再之前的基础上搞笑完成打印任务，再进一步，本方案的自动控制系统还包括打印进度存储模块，打印进度存储模块根据收到的停止打印信号记录模型打印的进度数据，中央处理器解析打印进度存储模块内的打印进度数据生成续打印指令
本方案公开的系统、装置、模块等除有特别说明外，均可以采用本领域公知的通用、惯用的方案实现，涉及到的算法可以采用公知的通用、惯用算法。
本方案3D打印机并不限于具体实施方式中公开的内容，实施例中出现的技术方案可以基于本领域技术人员的理解而延伸，本领域技术人员根据本方案结合公知常识作出的简单替换方案也属于本方案的范围。
Claims (8)
1.3D打印机，其特征是包括封闭的机箱，所述机箱内设有打印装置，所述打印装置包括打印平台，所述打印平台上设有三维打印喷射装置，所述三维打印喷射装置包括升降机构，所述升降机构包括升降框架，所述升降框架上架设有直滑轨，所述直滑轨通过架接端在所述升降框架上自由滑动，所述直滑轨上设有打印喷头，所述打印喷头在所述直滑轨上自由滑动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述机箱包括箱体，所述箱体的正面上设有密封门，所述密封门的下方的所述箱体正面上设有触摸式操作面板，所述箱体的侧面上设有进风口、排风口。
3.根据权利要求2所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述箱体内设有换气风扇、照明灯管，所述换气风扇设在所述进风口的内侧上，所述照明灯管设在所述箱体内的顶部边角处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述打印平台包括复合打印面板、平台基座，所述复合打印面板包括由上至下依次结合的自粘性打印面板、黑金刚玻璃、铝平板，所述平台基座包括钢制基座平板，所述钢制基座平板的底部的角端上设有短支腿，所述复合打印面板的底部通过多个支撑柱固定在所述钢制基座平板上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述升降机构还包括设在所述打印平台下的升降驱动电机，所述升降框架包括传动横梁，所述传动横梁的两端设有滑轨纵梁，所述升降驱动电机通过竖直的传动丝杠A与所述传动横梁形成螺纹传动连接，所述直滑轨的两端设有纵向滑块，所述纵向滑块与所述滑轨纵梁形成滑动连接，设在所述滑轨纵梁的两端的纵向驱动电机通过纵向的传动丝杠B与所述纵向滑块形成螺纹传动连接，所述打印喷头通过横向滑块与所述直滑轨形成滑动连接，设在所述直滑轨的两端的横向驱动电机通过横向的传动丝杠C与所述横向滑块形成螺纹传动连接。
6.根据权利要求5所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述升降驱动电机的两侧设有导柱基台，所述导柱基台上设有竖直的导柱，所述导柱穿过所述传动横梁形成滑动连接。
7.根据权利要求5所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述3D打印机还包括自动控制系统，所述自动控制系统包括中央处理器、模型数据存储模块、升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，所述中央处理器解析所述模型数据存储模块内的打印模型数据生成打印指令发送给所述升降驱动电机控制模块、纵向驱动电机控制模块、横向驱动电机控制模块、进料控制模块，所述升降驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制升降驱动电机驱动打印喷头升降运动，所述纵向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制纵向驱动电机驱动打印喷头纵向运动，所述横向驱动电机控制模块解析收到的指令后控制横向驱动电机驱动打印喷头横向运动，所述进料控制模块解析收到的指令后控制打印喷头喷涂打印。
8.根据权利要求7所述的3D打印机，其特征在于，所述自动控制系统还包括打印进度存储模块，所述打印进度存储模块根据收到的停止打印信号记录模型打印的进度数据，所述中央处理器解析所述打印进度存储模块内的打印进度数据生成续打印指令。
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