CN113443719A - Comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological water environment based on reeds - Google Patents

Comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological water environment based on reeds Download PDF

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CN113443719A
CN113443719A CN202110713349.XA CN202110713349A CN113443719A CN 113443719 A CN113443719 A CN 113443719A CN 202110713349 A CN202110713349 A CN 202110713349A CN 113443719 A CN113443719 A CN 113443719A
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water
floating bed
soil
reeds
gear
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CN113443719B (en
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龚家国
蒋云钟
王英
尹迎身
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment, in particular to a comprehensive treatment method for a water ecological water environment based on reeds, which comprises the steps of taking the water environment quality and the water environment capacity of a region to be treated, and determining the total amount of the current pollutants in the region to be treated based on the water environment quality and the water environment capacity; acquiring the source total amount and the removal total amount of pollutants in a water body according to the existing water environment data of an area to be treated; calculating the pollutant reduction amount according to the water quality treatment target, the pollutant total amount, the source total amount and the removal total amount; acquiring the absorption rate of the reeds with unit mass to pollutants, and calculating the area of the reeds to be planted when the water quality control target is reached according to the absorption rate and the optimal yield of the reeds in unit area; the problem that the ecological water environment of water cannot be ecologically restored by effectively utilizing reed resources in the prior art is solved; the invention has the essence of biological treatment, good treatment effect, no secondary pollution to the water body and difficult water body rebound after treatment.

Description

Comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological water environment based on reeds
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment, in particular to a comprehensive treatment method for a water ecological water environment based on reeds.
Background
The reed is a tall and big aquatic or hygrophytic arbor for many years, has developed rhizome and wide distribution, mostly grows in rivers, lakes, ponds, ditches, coasts and low wetlands, and has strong reproductive capacity. As an important biological resource, the reed also has important value, the fiber content of the reed is high, the reed is often used as a raw material for making paper and weaving reed mats, and has important economic values of manufacturing biochar, traveling and sightseeing and the like, and in addition, the reed can also provide a bird habitat, create a good habitat, play important ecological functions of optimizing the ecological environment, purifying water bodies and the like.
With the development of economic society, the pressure on the ecological environment is gradually increased on the one hand, and the demand on good ecological environment is gradually increased on the other hand. Currently, human attention to reeds is gradually reduced, and as the growth condition of reeds is complex, the reeds are suitable for growing in an area with a depth of about 0.5m, and the growth and scale of the reeds are not managed by people, most of the existing reeds mainly comprise wild reeds, the growth vigor is poor, and the harvesting cost is high, so that the existing reeds face the situation of unmanned harvesting and are specifically represented as abandoned lands of reed fields. Due to lack of comprehensive management and treatment, annual growth of the reeds is inhibited due to additional unmanned harvesting, withered and fallen objects of the reeds gradually cover the bottom layer of the water body, so that the sediment is increased, the exchange between the bottom mud pollutants and the water body is influenced, and the ecological function of purifying the water body is gradually weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive treatment method for water ecological water environment based on reeds, which solves the problem that the water ecological water environment cannot be ecologically restored by effectively utilizing reed resources in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the scheme provides a comprehensive treatment method for water ecological water environment based on reeds, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the water environment quality and the capacity of the area to be treated, and determining the total amount of the current pollutants in the area to be treated based on the water environment quality and the capacity;
s2, acquiring the total source amount and total removal amount of pollutants in the water body according to the existing water environment data of the area to be treated;
s3, calculating the pollutant reduction amount M according to the water quality treatment target, the pollutant total amount, the source total amount and the removal total amountCutting off：
MCutting off＝MNow that+(M1-M2)-MTarget
Wherein M isNow thatFor the current total amount of pollutants in the area to be treated, MTargetTotal amount of pollutants after treatment in the treatment area, M1In terms of the total amount of the source of the contaminant, M2Is the total amount of the removed pollutants;
s4, acquiring the absorption rate of the reeds of unit mass to pollutants, and calculating the area of the reeds to be planted when the water quality control target is reached according to the absorption rate and the optimal yield of the reeds in unit area:
A＝(Mcutting off/α)/X
Wherein A is the reed planting area, alpha is the absorption rate of the reed on pollutants per unit mass, and X is the optimal yield of the reed in the unit area.
Further, the source total amount of the contaminants is calculated as follows:
M1＝Magricultural chemical+MDirt+MInto+MBottom+MQi (Qi)
Wherein M isAgricultural chemicalFor agricultural non-point source pollution amount, MDirtFor domestic sewage amount, MIntoFor discharge of lake-entering rivers, MBottomFor sediment release, MQi (Qi)Is the atmospheric sedimentation amount.
Further, the calculation formula of the total removal amount of the pollutants is as follows:
M2＝Msuction device+MMedicine for treating rheumatism+MRow board+MGet
Wherein M isSuction deviceIs the absorption of animals and plants, MMedicine for treating rheumatismIs the self-cleaning volume of the water body, MRow boardIs the amount of lake discharge, MGetThe water consumption is taken manually.
Furthermore, the comprehensive treatment method of the water ecological water environment adopts a reed floating bed device to plant reeds, the reed floating bed device comprises a floating bed frame with a hollow structure and a floating bed groove body arranged in the floating bed frame, a buoyancy adjusting component used for adjusting the draught depth of the whole floating bed is arranged on the floating bed frame, and the buoyancy adjusting component comprises a main floating air bag sleeved on the outer wall of the floating bed frame;
the floating bed frame is connected with the floating bed groove body through a traction assembly, and the traction assembly is used for enabling the floating bed groove body to move linearly upwards along the gravity direction;
the floating bed frame is also provided with a water body exchange assembly, and the water body exchange assembly is used for guiding deep water to the surface layer to realize the exchange of the water body in the vertical direction; the floating bed frame is also provided with a fixed anchor for fixing the whole floating bed.
Further, the buoyancy regulating assembly also comprises an auxiliary air bag for regulating the overall height of the floating bed.
Furthermore, the traction assembly comprises a traction sleeve, a first connecting rod connected with the floating bed groove body and a second connecting rod connected with the floating bed frame, two ends of the traction sleeve are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, and the length of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod embedded in the traction sleeve is variable; the included angle between the axis of the traction sleeve and the gravity direction
Figure BDA0003133818280000031
Is acute angle, and
Figure BDA0003133818280000032
may vary in size.
Furthermore, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are both of a screw rod structure, and the inner wall of the traction sleeve is tapped with an internal thread in threaded connection with the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod;
the traction sleeve is sleeved with a traction pulley, the traction pulley is connected with an output part of a power assembly arranged on the floating bed frame through a traction rope, the power assembly enables the traction pulley to rotate through the traction rope, and therefore the traction sleeve is driven to rotate, and the length of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod in the traction sleeve is changed.
Further, the water body exchange assembly comprises a water diversion mechanism and a water diversion power mechanism;
the water diversion mechanism comprises a water diversion shell internally provided with a water diversion cavity, the water diversion shell is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which are communicated with the water diversion cavity, a water diversion piston is arranged in the water diversion shell, one end of the water diversion piston is connected with a first water diversion rod penetrating through the water diversion shell, the first water diversion rod is in transmission connection with an output part of a water diversion power mechanism, and the water diversion power mechanism is used for driving the first water diversion rod to do reciprocating linear motion along the axis direction of the first water diversion rod;
the water diversion power mechanism comprises a power toothed bar in sliding connection with the floating bed frame and a transmission base plate fixedly connected with the floating bed frame, a first gear, a second gear, a conveyor belt mechanism and a third gear are sequentially arranged on the transmission base plate from top to bottom along the vertical direction, and the first gear is meshed with the power toothed bar;
the first gear is hinged with one end of the first intermediate rod, and the hinge center line of the first intermediate rod and the first gear is not superposed with the axis of the first gear;
a second sliding groove is formed in one side of the second gear, and a first hinge wheel embedded into the second sliding groove is arranged at the other end of the first intermediate rod;
the transmission substrate is also provided with a first sliding plate with a first sliding chute, the other side of the second gear is provided with a sliding shaft which is superposed with the axis of the second gear, one end of the sliding shaft, which is far away from the second gear, is embedded into the first sliding chute, and the sliding shaft can do reciprocating linear motion in the first sliding chute;
the conveying belt mechanism comprises a conveying belt tooth meshed with the second gear and the third gear respectively;
the third gear and the first water diversion rod are respectively hinged with two ends of the second intermediate rod, and the hinge center line of the second intermediate rod and the third gear is not coincident with the axis of the third gear.
Furthermore, the method for regulating and controlling the optimal yield of the reeds in the unit area is to regulate the buoyancy of the reed floating bed device and enable the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device to be equal to the draft regulating and controlling value.
Further, the method for regulating and controlling the optimal yield of the reeds in the unit area further comprises the following steps:
s11, according to the minimum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed deviceminCalculating the minimum draft h of the reed floating bed deviceminMinimum buoyancy FminThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmin＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmin+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mming＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device)g
Wherein M isAuxiliary deviceIs the total mass of the reed floating bed device, ASoil for soilIs the inner bottom surface area of the floating bed tank body, AQi (Qi)Is the upper surface area of the main floating air bag, hSoil for soilThe soil filling thickness of the floating bed groove body is set;
s12, according to the maximum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed devicemaxCalculating and calculating the maximum draft h of the reed floating bed devicemaxMaximum buoyancy FmaxThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmax＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmax+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mmaxg＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device+XASoil for soil)g；
S13, calculating a draft regulating value according to the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device:
Figure BDA0003133818280000051
wherein y is a draft control value.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention comprehensively utilizes the removal effect of the reed on water body pollutants, particularly has better effect on absorbing and removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, is essentially biological treatment, has good treatment effect, can not form secondary pollution on the water body, and simultaneously is not easy to rebound after the treatment; the regional water environment treatment can be realized, and the method is scientific and efficient; the reed floating bed device is arranged to meet the water depth characteristic requirement through the specific water depth requirement of the reeds in the growth process, so that the benign growth of the reeds is met, the device is reasonably adjusted according to the increase of the quality and the increase of the draught in the growth process, and the growth requirement of the reeds is met;
the reed floating bed device can reasonably utilize natural energy, increase vertical exchange of water, strengthen disturbance of the water and further improve the pollutant removal effect of the water; the scale management is facilitated, the problem that the reeds are difficult to harvest is solved, the economic value of the reeds is recovered, and high-quality reeds are formed; meanwhile, beautiful landscape can be provided, the ecological environment is optimized, the material and energy circulation flux of the ecological system is increased, and the vitality and the stability of the ecological system are increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a comprehensive treatment method for water ecological water environment.
Figure 2 is a top view of a reed raft device.
Figure 3 is an isometric view of a reed raft device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the traction assembly.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the water diversion mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a water diversion power mechanism.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the motion process of the water diversion power mechanism.
Wherein, 1, a floating bed frame; 2. a floating bed tank body; 3. a traction assembly; 31. pulling the casing; 32. a first link; 33. a second link; 34. a traction sheave; 35. a hauling rope; 36. a locking type motor; 4. a main flotation air bag; 5. a water diversion housing; 51. a water inlet pipe; 52. a water outlet pipe; 53. a priming piston; 6. a first water diversion rod; 71. a power rack bar; 72. a first gear; 73. a second gear; 74. the transmission belt is provided with teeth; 75. a third gear; 81. a first intermediate lever; 82. a second intermediate lever; 9. a second chute; 10. a first runner.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the scheme provides a comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological water environment based on reed, which specifically comprises the following steps of S1-S4:
s1, acquiring the water environment quality and the capacity of the area to be treated, and determining the total amount of the current pollutants in the area to be treated based on the water environment quality and the capacity;
s2, acquiring the total source amount and total removal amount of pollutants in the water body according to the existing water environment data of the area to be treated;
s3, calculating the pollutant reduction amount M according to the water quality treatment target, the pollutant total amount, the source total amount and the removal total amountCutting off：
MCutting off＝MNow that+(M1-M2)-MTarget
Wherein M isNow thatFor the current total amount of pollutants in the area to be treated, MTargetTotal amount of pollutants after treatment in the treatment area, M1In terms of the total amount of the source of the contaminant, M2Is the total amount of the removed pollutants;
the total amount of the source of the contaminants is calculated as follows:
M1＝Magricultural chemical+MDirt+MInto+MBottom+MQi (Qi)
Wherein M isAgricultural chemicalFor agricultural non-point source pollution amount, MDirtFor domestic sewage amount, MIntoFor discharge of lake-entering rivers, MBottomFor sediment release, MQi (Qi)Is the atmospheric sedimentation amount;
the total amount of contaminants removed is calculated as follows:
M2＝Msuction device+MMedicine for treating rheumatism+MRow board+MGet
Wherein M isSuction deviceIs the absorption of animals and plants, MMedicine for treating rheumatismIs the self-cleaning volume of the water body, MRow boardIs the amount of lake discharge, MGetThe water consumption is taken manually;
s4, acquiring the absorption rate of the reeds of unit mass to pollutants, and calculating the area of the reeds to be planted when the water quality control target is reached according to the absorption rate and the optimal yield of the reeds in unit area:
A＝(Mcutting off/α)/X
Wherein A is the reed planting area, alpha is the absorption rate of the reed on pollutants per unit mass, and X is the optimal yield of the reed in the unit area. The area of a reed planting container in the reed floating bed device can be determined according to the reed planting area A, and further the specification parameters of the reed floating bed device are determined.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a reed floating bed device used in embodiment 1, which includes a floating bed frame 1 having a hollow structure and a floating bed tank 2 disposed in the floating bed frame 1, wherein the floating bed tank 2 is connected to the floating bed frame by a traction assembly 3, and the floating bed tank 2 is in a suspended state with respect to the floating bed frame 1. The floating bed frame 1 is also provided with a fixed anchor for fixing the whole floating bed, so that the regional fixation of the floating bed is realized, and the influence of external wind and wave on the spatial position of the floating bed is reduced. The soil in the anchor block combines the floating bed cell body 2 can make the floating bed be applicable to bad weather and big water face, in addition, still be equipped with on the floating bed frame 1 and be the power device and the water quality monitoring sensor that the floating bed removed, power device and water quality monitoring sensor all are connected with the controlling means who floats on the bed, and the user can long-range motion of floating the bed. In addition, a universal connecting device can be arranged on the floating beds so as to facilitate the mutual connection of the floating beds and facilitate the formation of different shapes.
Wherein, the cross-section of the floating bed frame 1 is in a square shape, and the floating bed tank body 2 is a tank body structure with an opening at the top.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the floating bed frame 1 is provided with a buoyancy adjusting assembly, which includes a main floating air bag 4 and an auxiliary air bag sleeved on the outer wall of the floating bed frame 1. The main floating air bag 4 provides buoyancy for the floating bed, and the draft of the whole floating bed is adjusted by inflating and deflating. The auxiliary air bag is mainly used for lifting the whole height of the floating bed when plants are harvested, so that the surface of the floating bed groove body 2 is higher than the water surface, and manual harvesting is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, two traction assemblies 3 are respectively arranged between two opposite sides of the floating bed trough body 2 and the floating bed frame 1, each traction assembly 3 comprises a traction sleeve 31, a first connecting rod 32 connected with the floating bed trough body 2 and a second connecting rod 33 connected with the floating bed frame 1, two ends of each traction sleeve 31 are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33, and the lengths of the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33 embedded in the traction sleeve 31 are variable, wherein an included angle α between the axis of each traction sleeve 31 and the gravity direction is an acute angle, and the size of α is variable. The interval value between the floating bed groove body 2 and the floating bed frame 1 is always kept unchanged, the included angle alpha between the axis of the traction sleeve 31 and the gravity direction is an acute angle, namely, the included angle exists between the central line of the traction assembly 3 and the gravity direction, when the lengths of the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33 in the traction sleeve 31 are increased, the lengths of the traction sleeve 31, the first connecting rod 32 and the second connecting rod 33 are decreased, so that the floating bed groove body 2 is enabled to move linearly upwards along the gravity direction, and the micro-adjustment of the draft of the floating bed groove body 2 is realized.
In order to keep the floating bed tank 2 in a suspended state, the connection point of the first connecting rod 32 and the floating bed tank 2 is located above or below the connection point of the second connecting rod 33 and the floating bed frame 1.
As shown in fig. 4, the first link 32 and the second link 33 are both screw structures, and the inner wall of the traction sleeve 31 is tapped with an internal thread in threaded connection with the first link 32 or the second link 33, and in order to ensure that the floating bed tank body 2 can be finely adjusted, the rotation directions of the first link 32 and the second link 33 are opposite.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, a traction pulley 34 is sleeved on the traction sleeve 31, the traction pulley 34 is connected with an output part of a power assembly arranged on the floating bed frame 1 through a traction rope 35, and the power assembly rotates the traction pulley 34 through the traction rope 35, so as to drive the traction sleeve 31 to rotate, so as to change the length of the first connecting rod 32 or the second connecting rod 33 in the traction sleeve 31.
In this embodiment, all traction assemblies 3 all are connected with same power assembly's output through haulage rope 35, and power assembly includes locking formula motor 36, and the cover is equipped with the driving gear on locking formula motor 36's the output shaft, is equipped with two driven gear on the floating frame 1 of locking formula motor 36's output shaft both sides, and all haulage ropes 34 of floating cell body 2 one side are connected with its adjacent driven gear, and haulage rope 34 can adopt wire rope, ensures life.
The water body exchange assembly comprises a water diversion mechanism and a water diversion power mechanism, the water diversion mechanism guides deep water to the surface layer, and the water diversion power mechanism is used as a power device of the water diversion mechanism.
As shown in fig. 5, the water diversion mechanism includes a water diversion housing 5 having a water diversion cavity therein, a water inlet pipe 51 and a water outlet pipe 52 which are communicated with the water diversion cavity are provided on the water diversion housing 5, a water diversion piston 53 is provided in the water diversion housing 5, and one end of the water diversion piston 53 is connected to a first water diversion rod 6 which penetrates through the water diversion housing 5. The first water diversion rod 6, the water diversion piston 53 and the water diversion shell 5 form a piston type structure, and the water diversion power mechanism drives the first water diversion rod 6 to do reciprocating linear motion along the frontal axis of the first water diversion rod to realize the water body exchange process.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the water diversion power mechanism includes a power rack bar 71 slidably connected to the float bed frame 1 and a transmission base plate fixedly connected to the float bed frame 1, wherein a first gear 72, a second gear 73, a transmission gear 74 mechanism and a third gear 75 are sequentially disposed on the transmission base plate from top to bottom along a vertical direction, and the first gear 72 is engaged with the power rack bar 71. When the power rack bar 71 floats up and down along with the whole floating bed, the power rack bar 71 also floats up and down along with the floating bed, and then the first gear 72 is driven to rotate to serve as an original power source of the water diversion mechanism.
As shown in fig. 6, the first gear 72 is hinged to one end of the first intermediate lever 81, and the hinge center line of the first intermediate lever 81 and the first gear 72 does not coincide with the axis of the first gear 72. The hinge point of the first intermediate lever 81 and the first gear 72 moves circularly around the center of the first gear 72.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a second sliding groove 9 is formed at one side of the second gear 73, and a first hinge wheel embedded in the second sliding groove 9 is provided at the other end of the first intermediate lever 81. As one end of the first intermediate lever 81 makes a circular motion around the center of the first gear 72, the position of the first hinge wheel in the second sliding slot 9 is also different, and the first intermediate lever 81 is always kept in a vertical state under the action of gravity.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the transmission substrate is further provided with a first sliding plate having a first sliding slot 10, the other side of the second gear 73 is provided with a sliding shaft coinciding with the axis of the second gear 73, one end of the sliding shaft away from the second gear 73 is embedded in the first sliding slot 10, and the sliding shaft can make a reciprocating linear motion in the first sliding slot 10. The cover is equipped with the antifriction bearing of the first spout of embedding on the sliding shaft, and be equipped with the resistance structure in the first spout 10, the resistance structure is used for making antifriction bearing have certain resistance when moving from the central line of the first spout 10 of both sides side direction of first spout 10, when moving to both sides from the intermediate position of first spout 10 promptly, antifriction bearing's speed grow gradually, the resistance structure is two resistance grooves of mirror image setting in first spout 10 bottom surface, the cross-section in resistance groove is right triangle, right triangle's minor face is located the both sides of first spout 10.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the transmission belt tooth 74 mechanism includes transmission belt teeth 74 that mesh with the second gear 73 and the third gear 75, respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the third gear 75 and the first water guide rod 6 are respectively hinged to both ends of the second intermediate rod 82, and the hinge center line of the second intermediate rod 82 and the third gear 75 does not coincide with the axis of the third gear 75.
The reed floating bed device of this embodiment can conveniently carry out the reed and reap:
1. the process of manual harvesting comprises the following steps: and (4) inflating the auxiliary air bag, so that the whole floating bed is lifted, the surface of the soil tank is higher than the water surface, and after the surface soil is dried, manual harvesting is carried out.
2. And (3) mechanical harvesting: and adjusting the traction assembly 3 to enable the upper surface of the floating bed groove body 2 to be flush with the floating bed frame 1, and simultaneously deflating the main floating air bag 4 to enable the integral draft of the reed floating bed to be reduced and to be in a critical state, wherein the floating bed is nearly completely immersed in water and is matched with a water reed harvester to harvest in a large scale.
The method for regulating and controlling the optimal yield of the reeds in the unit area is to regulate the buoyancy of the reed floating bed device and enable the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device to be equal to draft regulating and controlling values.
Further, the method for regulating and controlling the optimal yield of the reeds in the unit area further comprises the following steps:
s11, according to the minimum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed deviceminCalculating the minimum draft h of the reed floating bed deviceminMinimum buoyancy FminThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmin＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmin+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mming＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device)g
Wherein M isAuxiliary deviceIs the total mass of the reed floating bed device, ASoil for soilIs the inner bottom surface area of the floating bed tank body, AQi (Qi)Is the upper surface area of the main floating air bag, hSoil for soilThe soil filling thickness of the floating bed groove body is set;
s12, according to the maximum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed devicemaxCalculating and calculating the maximum draft h of the reed floating bed devicemaxMaximum buoyancy FmaxThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmax＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmax+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mmaxg＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device+XASoil for soil)g；
S13, calculating a draft regulating value according to the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device:
Figure BDA0003133818280000111
wherein y is a draft control value.
The initial parameters of the reed floating bed device are set through an expression obtained by the draft regulating value y, and the draft of the floating bed is changed along with the increase of the quality of the reeds in the growth process, so that the proper habitat of the reeds is maintained, and the growth of the reeds is regulated in the whole life cycle.

Claims (10)

1. A comprehensive treatment method for an aquatic ecological water environment based on reeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring the water environment quality and the capacity of the area to be treated, and determining the total amount of the current pollutants in the area to be treated based on the water environment quality and the capacity;
s2, acquiring the total source amount and total removal amount of pollutants in the water body according to the existing water environment data of the area to be treated;
s3, calculating the pollutant reduction amount M according to the water quality treatment target, the pollutant total amount, the source total amount and the removal total amountCutting off：
MCutting off＝MNow that+(M1-M2)-MTarget
Wherein M isNow thatFor the current total amount of pollutants in the area to be treated, MTargetTotal amount of pollutants after treatment in the treatment area, M1In terms of the total amount of the source of the contaminant, M2Is the total amount of the removed pollutants;
s4, acquiring the absorption rate of the reeds of unit mass to pollutants, and calculating the area of the reeds to be planted when the water quality control target is reached according to the absorption rate and the optimal yield of the reeds in unit area:
A＝(Mcutting off/α)/X
Wherein A is the reed planting area, alpha is the absorption rate of the reed on pollutants per unit mass, and X is the optimal yield of the reed in the unit area.
2. The comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological water environment based on the reeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the source total amount of the pollutants is calculated by the following formula:
M1＝Magricultural chemical+MDirt+MInto+MBottom+MQi (Qi)
Wherein M isAgricultural chemicalFor agricultural non-point source pollution amount, MDirtFor domestic sewage amount, MIntoFor discharge of lake-entering rivers, MBottomFor sediment release, MQi (Qi)Is the atmospheric sedimentation amount.
3. The comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological water environment based on the reeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the total removal amount of the pollutants is as follows:
M2＝Msuction device+MMedicine for treating rheumatism+MRow board+MGet
Wherein M isSuction deviceIs the absorption of animals and plants, MMedicine for treating rheumatismIs the self-cleaning volume of the water body, MRow boardIs the amount of lake discharge, MGetThe water consumption is taken manually.
4. The comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological environment based on the reeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological environment is characterized in that reeds are planted by adopting a reed floating bed device, the reed floating bed device comprises a floating bed frame (1) with a hollow structure and a floating bed groove body (2) arranged in the floating bed frame (1), a buoyancy adjusting component for adjusting the draft of the whole floating bed is arranged on the floating bed frame (1), and the buoyancy adjusting component comprises a main floating air bag (4) sleeved on the outer wall of the floating bed frame (1);
the floating bed frame (1) is connected with the floating bed tank body (2) through a traction assembly (3), and the traction assembly (3) is used for enabling the floating bed tank body (2) to move upwards in a straight line along the gravity direction;
the floating bed frame (1) is also provided with a water body exchange assembly, and the water body exchange assembly is used for guiding deep water to a surface layer and realizing the exchange of water bodies in the vertical direction; the floating bed frame (1) is also provided with a fixed anchor for fixing the whole floating bed.
5. The comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological environment based on reeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the buoyancy regulating assembly further comprises an auxiliary air bag for adjusting the overall height of the floating bed.
6. The comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological environment based on the reeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the traction assembly (3) comprises a traction sleeve (31), a first connecting rod (32) connected with the floating bed trough body (2) and a second connecting rod (33) connected with the floating bed frame (1), two ends of the traction sleeve (31) are respectively sleeved on the first connecting rod (32) and the second connecting rod (33), and the lengths of the first connecting rod (32) and the second connecting rod (33) embedded in the traction sleeve (31) are variable; the included angle between the axis of the traction sleeve (31) and the gravity direction
Figure FDA0003133818270000021
Is acute angle, and
Figure FDA0003133818270000022
may vary in size.
7. The comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological environment based on reeds according to claim 6, wherein the first connecting rod (32) and the second connecting rod (33) are both in a screw structure, and the inner wall of the traction sleeve (31) is tapped with an internal thread in threaded connection with the first connecting rod (32) or the second connecting rod (33);
traction sleeve pipe (31) is gone up the cover and is equipped with traction pulley (34), traction pulley (34) pass through haulage rope (35) and set up and be in power component's on floating bed frame (1) output is connected, power component passes through haulage rope (35) make traction pulley (34) rotate, thereby drive traction sleeve pipe (31) rotate, in order to change first connecting rod (32) or second connecting rod (33) are located traction sleeve pipe (31) interior length.
8. The comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological water environment based on reeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water body exchange assembly comprises a water diversion mechanism and a water diversion power mechanism;
the water diversion mechanism comprises a water diversion shell (5) with a water diversion cavity arranged inside, a water inlet pipe (51) and a water outlet pipe (52) communicated with the water diversion cavity are arranged on the water diversion shell (5), a water diversion piston (53) is arranged in the water diversion shell (5), one end of the water diversion piston (53) is connected with a first water diversion rod (6) penetrating through the water diversion shell (5), the first water diversion rod (6) is in transmission connection with an output part of the water diversion power mechanism, and the water diversion power mechanism is used for driving the first water diversion rod (6) to do reciprocating linear motion along the axis direction of the water diversion rod;
the water diversion power mechanism comprises a power toothed bar (71) in sliding connection with the floating bed frame (1) and a transmission base plate fixedly connected with the floating bed frame (1), a first gear (72), a second gear (73), a conveyor belt mechanism and a third gear (75) are sequentially arranged on the transmission base plate from top to bottom along the vertical direction, and the first gear (72) is meshed with the power toothed bar (71);
the first gear (72) is hinged with one end of the first intermediate rod (81), and the hinge central line of the first intermediate rod (81) and the first gear (72) is not coincident with the axis of the first gear (72);
a second sliding groove (9) is formed in one side of the second gear (73), and a first hinge wheel embedded into the second sliding groove (9) is arranged at the other end of the first middle rod (81);
the transmission substrate is also provided with a first sliding plate with a first sliding groove (10), the other side of the second gear (73) is provided with a sliding shaft which is superposed with the axis of the second gear (73), one end of the sliding shaft, which is far away from the second gear (73), is embedded into the first sliding groove (10), and the sliding shaft can do reciprocating linear motion in the first sliding groove (10);
the conveyor belt mechanism comprises conveyor belt teeth (74) meshing with the second gear (73) and the third gear (75), respectively;
the third gear (75) and the first water guide rod (6) are respectively hinged with two ends of a second intermediate rod (82), and the hinge center line of the second intermediate rod (82) and the third gear (75) is not coincident with the axis of the third gear (75).
9. The comprehensive treatment method for aquatic ecological environment based on reeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein the optimal yield of reeds in unit area is controlled by adjusting the buoyancy of the reed floating bed device, and the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device are equal to the draft control value.
10. The comprehensive treatment method for the aquatic ecological water environment based on the reeds as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method for regulating and controlling the optimal yield of the reeds in the unit area further comprises:
s11, according to the minimum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed deviceminCalculating the minimum draft h of the reed floating bed deviceminMinimum buoyancy FminThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmin＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmin+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mming＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device)g
Wherein M isAuxiliary deviceIs the total mass of the reed floating bed device, ASoil for soilIs the inner bottom surface area of the floating bed tank body, AQi (Qi)Is the upper surface area of the main floating air bag, hSoil for soilThe soil filling thickness of the floating bed groove body is set;
s12, according to the maximum buoyancy F of the reed floating bed devicemaxCalculating and calculating the maximum draft h of the reed floating bed devicemaxMaximum buoyancy FmaxThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Fmax＝ρwater (W)gAQi (Qi)hmax+ρWater (W)gASoil for soilhSoil for soil＝Mmaxg＝(ρSoil for soilASoil for soilhSoil for soil+MAuxiliary device+XASoil for soil)g；
S13, calculating a draft regulating value according to the maximum draft and the minimum draft of the reed floating bed device:
Figure FDA0003133818270000051
wherein y is a draft control value.
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CN110516343A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-29 中国水利水电科学研究院 Lake and reservoir environmental capacity of water based on Water Functional Zone water quality objective refines regulation method
CN210313713U (en) * 2019-07-08 2020-04-14 绍兴皓诚环境建设工程有限公司 Biological water body purification floating bed capable of adjusting water entry depth

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CN104773837A (en) * 2015-01-29 2015-07-15 成都纺织高等专科学校 Function-enhanced type ecological floating bed
CN106600506A (en) * 2016-11-25 2017-04-26 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Treatment method for elimination of lake and reservoir type black and odorous water bodies
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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