CN113426803A - Method for biologically treating kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method for biologically treating kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN113426803A CN113426803A CN202110687167.XA CN202110687167A CN113426803A CN 113426803 A CN113426803 A CN 113426803A CN 202110687167 A CN202110687167 A CN 202110687167A CN 113426803 A CN113426803 A CN 113426803A
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for biologically treating kitchen waste, which comprises the steps of collecting the kitchen waste, collecting and transporting the kitchen waste, arranging a metering and receiving device for metering the kitchen waste, and arranging sorting equipment for sorting the pretreated kitchen waste; crushing and homogenizing by using crushing equipment and separating grease, adding a conditioning agent into the kitchen waste to adjust, and arranging a biological treatment box, wherein the biological treatment box is provided with a matrix cloth to contain the adjusted kitchen waste; carry out the larva inoculation on the matrix cloth, the larva grows up through absorbing the nutrient that decomposes in culture solution and the kitchen waste residue of pouring into, and after the abundant processing, be provided with filter mechanism and advance polypide separation to the kitchen waste residue, produce bio-organic fertilizer through the matrix fermentation, the finished product worm that filters out is provided with rinsing equipment and carries out polypide rinsing and storage. When the biological organic fertilizer is used, the kitchen waste can be changed into the biological organic fertilizer, and meanwhile, available worm bodies can be obtained in the treatment process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a method for biologically treating kitchen waste.
Background
At present, the kitchen waste treatment method mainly comprises the following steps:
the physical sorting method mainly adopts a series of modes to realize the separation of all components in the garbage and then uniformly recover the components. The method makes the best use of the garbage to the maximum extent on one hand, and reduces the possible pollution caused by the garbage to the minimum extent on the other hand. However, due to the high cost required, this is not used in most countries except a few developed countries.
The crushing direct discharging method has successfully developed a personal household food garbage disposer in the early 40 years of the United states, and the specific principle is as follows: after the food waste in the inner container is smashed by the blade which runs at a high speed, the stirred material is flushed to a sewer, so that the trouble that residents discard and store the kitchen waste is solved. Meanwhile, the kitchen waste disposer has also been researched in japan for a long time, and even some kitchen waste disposers are equipped with an ozone deodorizer for removing various odors generated from the kitchen waste.
The landfill method, the landfill method treatment of the kitchen garbage, is an anaerobic digestion treatment method, can decompose the organic matter therein to generate methane, and can completely dispose the garbage. The technology is convenient, and the problem of residue treatment is avoided, but the method can better treat the kitchen waste, but aims at eliminating the waste, and cannot realize the recycling of the kitchen waste.
Anaerobic treatment is the most environmentally friendly method and can create benefits. The investment is large, the methane is prepared by anaerobic fermentation in a very small amount, and the anaerobic treatment of the kitchen waste is the future development direction.
The biological treatment method is a process for decomposing and utilizing organic matters in the kitchen waste through the metabolic growth activity of organisms, and the method has good treatment effect and can be effectively utilized.
The composting method has the advantages of more organic matters in the kitchen waste, higher content of nutrient elements and more reasonable carbon-nitrogen ratio, is suitable for growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and is a better production raw material. The basic technologies of kitchen waste composting can be divided into anaerobic fermentation composting and aerobic fermentation digestion. The high-temperature aerobic composting is a common method at present, and the method can finish the curing process of the compost of materials in a short period. And the high temperature generated in the composting process can obviously inhibit harmful microorganisms.
Most of the existing methods for biologically treating the kitchen waste utilize microorganisms, but some organisms which can take the kitchen waste as nutrients are often ignored, and the biological treatment process rarely promotes the biological treatment speed, so that the efficiency of biologically treating the kitchen waste is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for biologically treating kitchen waste, which is designed for solving the defects of the technology.
The invention discloses a method for biologically treating kitchen waste, which comprises the following steps:
a: the kitchen waste is collected, a waste transport vehicle is arranged for collecting and transporting the kitchen waste, a loading and unloading port of the waste transport vehicle is provided with a sealing assembly, a metering receiving device is arranged for metering the kitchen waste, pretreated kitchen waste and filtrate are obtained after metering, and sorting equipment is arranged for sorting the pretreated kitchen waste;
b: crushing, homogenizing and separating grease by using crushing equipment for the sorted kitchen waste and filtrate in the metering and receiving process, generating kitchen waste and filtered grease after separation, adding a conditioning agent into the kitchen waste for conditioning, arranging a biological treatment box, arranging matrix cloth in the biological treatment box for containing the conditioned kitchen waste, and performing other processing on the filtered grease after impurity removal;
c: carrying out larva inoculation on the substrate cloth, adding a culture solution to carry out finished product worm culture, allowing the larva to grow by absorbing and decomposing the culture solution and nutrients in the poured kitchen waste residue, after full treatment, arranging a filtering mechanism to separate the kitchen waste residue into worm bodies to obtain finished product worms and kitchen waste residue, fermenting the kitchen waste residue through the substrate to generate a bio-organic fertilizer, rinsing the filtered finished product worms by using rinsing equipment, and carrying out freezing storage after vibration air drying;
d: pipelines are arranged in the operations of measurement receiving, matrix material distribution processing and finished product insect culturing for tail gas transmission and are conducted to a biological leaching tower for tail gas collection processing.
Further, the filtering mechanism in the step c is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the biological treatment box, the biological treatment box comprises a box body, an air pump box, a feeding hole and a material distributing hopper, an installation frame is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the box body, rubber rods are fixedly arranged on two opposite sides of the installation frame at equal intervals, a first spring is arranged outside the rubber rods in the middle of the rubber rods, and a bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the box body.
Further, the top all around of installing frame is provided with the mounting screw, cloth is fought and is set up between installing frame and mounting screw.
Further, the feed inlet is arranged at the top of the box body, and an air pump adjusting valve and an air inlet are arranged at the top of the air pump box.
Furthermore, a sealing plate is arranged in the middle of the front face of the box body, an observation glass plate is arranged in the middle of the sealing plate, and a tail gas pipe is arranged at the top of the side face of the box body.
Further, the filter mechanism comprises a filter plate, a second through hole, an intermediate plate and a first through hole, the filter plate is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the box body, and the second through hole is formed in the filter plate.
Furthermore, the middle part of the filter plate is hollowed, the middle plate is arranged at the hollowed position in the middle part of the filter plate, and the first through hole is formed in the middle plate.
Furthermore, a bearing sleeve is fixedly mounted in the middle of one side of the middle plate, an adjusting handle is arranged outside the bearing sleeve, and the adjusting handle is connected to the side wall of the box body through threads.
Further, the bottom edge fixed mounting of installing frame has the deposit case, the inboard bottom symmetry of deposit case is provided with two sets of wave plates, and is two sets of the top equidistance of wave plate installs the movable block through the bull stick, and all is provided with the second spring between the movable block of every group.
Further, the bottom center of deposit case is provided with the row's of leaking mechanism, and the row's of leaking mechanism includes flow control pipe, protective sheath, third spring and flexible post, flexible post and third spring setting are in the bottom of flow control pipe, the bottom of flexible post links to each other with filtering mechanism, the protective sheath sets up the outside at the third spring, the middle part of flow control pipe is provided with the weeping groove.
Compared with the existing method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, the method has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the biological treatment method for the kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is decomposed by a method of inoculating biological larvae, so that the biological organic fertilizer is obtained, the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection are met, and the obtained adult can be used as resources such as feed.
2. According to the method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, the bottom of the material distribution hopper is not fixedly installed through the material distribution hopper in the biological treatment box, at the moment, the bottom of the material distribution hopper can shake irregularly due to vibration and the like generated in the operation process of the device, adults in the material distribution hopper can be stimulated to move due to the shaking effect, the metabolism rate of the moving adults is increased, the decomposition effect of the kitchen waste is accelerated, the rubber rod and the first spring outside the middle rubber rod enable the installation environment of the material distribution hopper to be unfixed, the shaking of the material distribution hopper in the use process can be ensured, and the shaking of the material distribution hopper in the device can be increased due to the effects of the first spring and the rubber rod, so that the activity of the adults can be ensured.
3. The invention designs a method for biologically treating kitchen waste, which can control the air circulation inside a device through the matching of an air pump regulating valve and an air inlet in a biological treatment box, thereby being convenient to regulate and control, generating vibration when the air pump box runs, further stimulating adults to be active when the vibration is transmitted to a material distribution hopper inside a box body, when the treatment process is about to be finished, the oxygen content inside the device is gradually consumed along with the metabolism of the adults through closing the air pump regulating valve 1 and the air inlet, when the interior is anoxic, the adults can move around, thereby climbing out a filtering mechanism which automatically moves and falls to the bottom from the material distribution hopper and then move to the bottom of the box body, so that the adults can be automatically separated, most of the adults can be separated, and a small part of the inseparable adults can be used as fertilizer after being fermented by subsequent microorganisms, thereby saving the operation cost of the separation of the worm bodies.
4. According to the biological treatment method for the kitchen waste, the bottom of the distribution hopper is in a free fit state with the bottom of the deposition box after materials are added through the arranged deposition box, so that leachate can be conveniently utilized by used adults, the leachate is fully utilized, the bottom of the deposition box is uneven due to the arranged wave plates, the bottom of the distribution hopper is uneven when the distribution hopper is fitted, the adults have more foot-falling points during treatment, the adults can conveniently eat food, in addition, the part of the distribution hopper connected with the part can be ensured to move relatively through the arrangement of the movable block arranged on the rotating rod and the second spring, and the relative movement can stimulate the adults to move in the use process, so that the adults can be ensured to be active, and the adults can be treated more quickly. On the other hand, the material in the distributing hopper is rolled uniformly by the movement, so that the material is conveniently utilized by adults in the processing process.
5. According to the biological treatment method for the kitchen waste, the provided leakage discharge mechanism can enable percolate to be fully utilized by adults in the use process, meanwhile, due to the absorption of the adults and the filtering effect of the material distributing hopper, the fallen percolate can play a role in flushing a component at the bottom, meanwhile, the material is convenient to discharge, the subsequent cleaning is convenient, the bacterial growth in the deposition box is reduced, the repeated utilization is convenient, and the provided protective sleeve can prevent a third spring and a telescopic column in the deposition box from entering water, so that the oxidation of the deposited percolate is slowed down.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the biological treatment tank according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the biological treatment tank of example 1 in the state of being opened at the top thereof;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an intermediate plate of embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing a portion of a deposition chamber in accordance with example 1;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the leak discharging mechanism according to embodiment 1.
In the figure: the device comprises an air pump adjusting valve 1, an air pump box 2, a box body 3, an observation glass plate 4, an adjusting handle 5, a tail gas pipe 6, a sealing plate 7, a feeding hole 8, an air inlet 9, a mounting screw 10, a rubber rod 11, a cloth hopper 12, a first through hole 13, an intermediate plate 14, a second through hole 15, a filter plate 16, a first spring 17, a bottom plate 18, a mounting frame 19, a bearing sleeve 20, a second spring 21, a movable block 22, a corrugated plate 23, a flow control pipe 24, a deposition box 25, a liquid leakage groove 26, a protective sleeve 27, a third spring 28 and a telescopic column 29.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method for biologically treating kitchen waste described in this embodiment includes the following steps:
a: the kitchen waste is collected, a waste transport vehicle is arranged for collecting and transporting the kitchen waste, a loading and unloading port of the waste transport vehicle is provided with a sealing assembly, a metering receiving device is arranged for metering the kitchen waste, pretreated kitchen waste and filtrate are obtained after metering, and sorting equipment is arranged for sorting the pretreated kitchen waste; in the pretreatment of the kitchen waste, the treatment amount of the kitchen waste can be accurately known through the arrangement of the metering receiving device, which provides basic data for the control and adjustment of the whole treatment process, after the kitchen waste is treated by the metering receiving device, the kitchen waste is subjected to preliminary solid-liquid separation, so that the influence of liquid on the sorting is reduced in the sorting process of the kitchen waste, the sorted kitchen waste reduces the waste such as glass, plastic and the like doped in the waste, and if the waste such as glass, materials and the like is not sorted and removed, in the subsequent treatment process, the biological treatment is influenced, such as the glass is easy to scratch, and in the subsequent operation, the solid waste is easy to cause blockage, therefore, the processing process is broken down, the processing speed is seriously influenced, and the sorting and impurity removing operation can avoid the generation of the faults.
b: the kitchen waste after sorting and the filtrate in the metering and receiving process are provided with crushing equipment for crushing and homogenizing and separating grease, kitchen waste and filtered grease are generated after separation, a conditioning agent is added into the kitchen waste for conditioning, a biological treatment box is arranged, the biological treatment box is provided with a matrix cloth for containing the conditioned kitchen waste, the filtered grease is subjected to other processing after impurity removal, and through the crushing and homogenizing operation of the kitchen waste and the filtrate after sorting, on one hand, the crushed kitchen waste is more easily decomposed and treated, on the other hand, the filtrate is also rich in organic matters and is rich in nutrients for treated organisms, the generation of fertilizers can be increased after treatment, meanwhile, the filtrate does not need to be treated independently, and the time and the treatment cost are saved;
c: carrying out larva inoculation on a substrate cloth, adding a culture solution to carry out finished product worm culture, allowing the larva to grow by absorbing and decomposing the culture solution and nutrients in poured kitchen waste residues, fully treating the mixture, arranging a filtering mechanism to separate the kitchen waste residues into worm bodies to obtain finished product worms and kitchen waste residues, fermenting the kitchen waste residues through the substrate to generate a bio-organic fertilizer, rinsing the filtered finished product worms by using rinsing equipment, carrying out freezing storage after vibrating and air-drying the worms, adding the culture solution to enable the inoculated larva to grow into adults rapidly and increase the treatment speed, treating the kitchen waste by using the adults to decompose the kitchen waste rapidly, further fermenting the kitchen waste residues obtained in the treatment process by using the microorganisms to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer, thereby utilizing waste, meeting the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, the finished insects obtained by the cultivation have no external contact with the breeding environment, so that the problems of heavy metal pollution and the like do not exist, and the obtained finished insects can be used as breeding feed and the like after being rinsed and dried in the air;
d: all be provided with the pipeline in the operation that measurement was received, matrix cloth was handled and finished product worm is cultivateed and carry out the tail gas transmission, conduct to biological leaching tower and carry out the tail gas collection and handle, the waste gas that probably produces in the in-process of measurement is received, matrix cloth is handled and finished product worm is cultivateed discharges through collecting the processing back to reduce the pollution.
In the invention, the filtering mechanism in the step c is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the biological treatment box, the biological treatment box comprises a box body 3, an air pump box 2, a feeding hole 8 and a distributing hopper 12, the middle part of the inner side of the box body 3 is provided with an installation frame 19, two opposite sides of the installation frame 19 are fixedly provided with rubber rods 11 at equal intervals, the outer part of the rubber rod 11 at the middle part is provided with a first spring 17, the bottom of the box body 3 is fixedly provided with a bottom plate 18, when the biological treatment box is used, each process after larva inoculation is carried out on the biological treatment box, when the arranged distributing hopper 12 is used, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 is not fixedly arranged, at the moment, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 can generate irregular shaking due to vibration and the like generated in the running process of the device, the shaking can stimulate the imagoes in the distributing hopper 12 to increase the movement, and the metabolic rate of the imagoes increasing the movement is bound to increase the metabolic rate, thereby accelerate kitchen garbage's decomposition, the rubber pole 11 and the outside first spring 17 of middle part rubber pole 11 that set up make the installation environment of cloth fill 12 unfixed to can guarantee the rocking of cloth fill 12 use, and the effect of first spring 17 and rubber pole 11 can increase the rocking of the inside cloth fill 12 of device, thereby can guarantee the activity of adult.
In the invention, the mounting screws 10 are arranged at the top of the periphery of the mounting frame 19, the distributing hopper 12 is arranged between the mounting frame 19 and the mounting screws 10, the arranged mounting screws 10 are convenient for the mounting of the distributing hopper 12, and the distributing hopper 12 is also convenient for unloading and cleaning after use, thereby being convenient for use.
In the invention, a feed port 8 is arranged at the top of a box body 3, an air pump regulating valve 1 and an air inlet 9 are arranged at the top of an air pump box 2, the air circulation in the device can be controlled by the matching of the air pump regulating valve 1 and the air inlet 9, so that the regulation and control are convenient, vibration is generated when the air pump box 2 runs, the vibration is transmitted to a material distribution hopper 12 in the box body 3, adults can be further stimulated to activate, when the treatment process is about to finish, the oxygen content in the device is gradually consumed along with the metabolism of the adults by closing the air pump regulating valve 1 and the air inlet 9, when the interior is anoxic, the adults can move around, so that a filtering mechanism which automatically moves and falls to the bottom is climbed out of the material distribution hopper 12 and then moves to the bottom of the box body 3, so that the adults can be automatically separated, most of the adults can be separated, and a small part of the inseparable adults can be used as fertilizer after the subsequent microbial fermentation, thereby saving the operation cost of the separation of the worm bodies.
According to the invention, the sealing plate 7 is arranged in the middle of the front face of the box body 3, the observation glass plate 4 is arranged in the middle of the sealing plate 7, the tail gas pipe 6 is arranged at the top of the side face of the box body 3, the arranged glass plate 4 can facilitate observation in the treatment process, and the arranged sealing plate 7 can facilitate discharging.
In the present invention, the filter means includes a filter plate 16, a second through hole 15, an intermediate plate 14 and a first through hole 13, the filter plate 16 is fixedly installed at the inner side of the case 3, and the second through hole 15 is provided on the filter plate 16.
In the present invention, the filter plate 16 is hollowed in the middle thereof, the intermediate plate 14 is disposed in the hollowed position in the middle of the filter plate 16, and the first through hole 13 is disposed in the intermediate plate 14.
According to the invention, the bearing sleeve 20 is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the middle plate 14, the adjusting handle 5 is arranged outside the bearing sleeve 20, the adjusting handle 5 is connected to the side wall of the box body 3 through threads, and through the arrangement of the bearing sleeve 20 and the adjusting handle 5, by rotating the adjusting handle 5, the adjusting handle 5 is connected to the side wall of the box body 3 through threads so that the middle plate 14 moves, and when the adjusting handle 5 is adjusted to enable the first through hole 13 on the middle plate 14 to correspond to the second through hole 15 on the filter plate 16, adults can reach the bottom of the device through the first through hole 13 and the second through hole 15, so that adult collection is facilitated.
In the invention, a deposition box 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom edge of a mounting frame 19, two groups of wave plates 23 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the deposition box 25, the tops of the two groups of wave plates 23 are equally spaced and provided with movable blocks 22 through rotating rods, and a second spring 21 is arranged between the movable blocks 22 of each group, when in use, the deposition box 25 is not fixedly connected with a distribution hopper 12, after the distribution hopper 12 naturally deforms due to gravity, the shape of the deposition box 25 is limited, the internal liquid components of the distribution hopper 12 can fall due to osmosis in the use process, the liquid components are collected through the deposition box 25, after collection, the percolate can be utilized by the used adults due to the free adhesion state of the bottom of the distribution hopper 12 and the bottom of the deposition box 25, so that the percolate is fully utilized, the wave plates 23 are arranged to make the heights of the bottom of the deposition box 25 uneven, make cloth hopper 12 bottom uneven when cloth hopper 12 is laminated this moment, this makes the adult have more foot points when handling, thereby can make things convenient for the adult to eat, the setting up of movable block 22 and the second spring 21 through the bull stick installation makes the part of cloth hopper 12 that meets with this part can guarantee relative activity in addition, relative activity can amazing adult to remove, thereby can guarantee that the adult is active, thereby make the adult handle sooner, and wave plate 23, movable block 22 and second spring 21 use in combination make cloth hopper 12 bottom produce ridge form's arch, in the use, can increase the contactable area in cloth hopper 12 bottom, thereby make things convenient for the adult to handle. On the other hand, the material in the distributing hopper 12 is rolled uniformly by the movement, so that the material is conveniently used by adults in the processing process.
In the invention, a leakage discharging mechanism is arranged at the center of the bottom of a deposition box 25, the leakage discharging mechanism comprises a flow control pipe 24, a protective sleeve 27, a third spring 28 and a telescopic column 29, the telescopic column 29 and the third spring 28 are arranged at the bottom of the flow control pipe 24, the bottom of the telescopic column 29 is connected with a filtering mechanism, the protective sleeve 27 is arranged outside the third spring 28, a leakage groove 26 is arranged in the middle of the flow control pipe 24, after a material distributing hopper 12 is charged, the flow control pipe 24 is compressed under the action of gravity, at the moment, the bottom of the material distributing hopper 12 is tightly attached to the pipe orifice at the top of the flow control pipe 24, and the position of the leakage groove 26 moves downwards, so that the position where liquid leakage cannot occur at the top of the flow control pipe 24 blocks a hole in the center of the bottom of the deposition box 25, therefore, percolate inside of the deposition box 25 cannot be discharged, and along with the progress of treatment, when the nutrient materials are exhausted soon, because of nutrient substances are insufficient and the concentration of carbon dioxide inside increases, adult can leave from cloth fill 12 gradually spontaneously, make cloth fill 12 inside quality reduce, thereby accuse flow pipe 24 atress reduces, under third spring 28's effect, accuse flow pipe 24 upwards produces the displacement, this moment along with gravity reduces the weeping groove 26 part of accuse flow pipe 24 gradually and rises from the top position of deposit box 25 bottom plate gradually, filtration liquid in the deposit box 25 can begin to leak down this moment, filtration liquid at this moment is through adult's absorption and the filtering action of cloth fill 12, can play the effect of erodeing on the contrary to the part of bottom, also made things convenient for simultaneously to arrange the material, be convenient for follow-up washing, with the bacterium that reduces deposit box 25 inside breeds, make things convenient for reuse, the protective sheath 27 of setting can prevent that inside third spring 28 and flexible post 29 from intaking, thereby slow down its oxidation.
When the biological treatment box in the embodiment is used, the biological treatment box performs each process after larva inoculation, when the arranged distributing hopper 12 is used, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 is not fixedly arranged, at the moment, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 can shake irregularly due to the vibration and the like generated during the operation of the device, such shaking action enables the adults in the hopper 12 to be stimulated to increase their movement, which tends to increase their metabolic rate, thereby accelerating the decomposition of the kitchen waste, the arranged rubber rod 11 and the first spring 17 outside the middle rubber rod 11 ensure that the installation environment of the distributing hopper 12 is not fixed, therefore, the shaking of the distributing hopper 12 in the using process can be ensured, and the shaking of the distributing hopper 12 in the device can be increased under the action of the first spring 17 and the rubber rod 11, so that the activity of adults can be ensured; the arranged mounting screws 10 facilitate the mounting of the distribution hopper 12, and the distribution hopper 12 is convenient to unload and clean after use, so that the use is convenient; the air pump regulating valve 1 and the air inlet 9 are matched to control the air circulation in the device, thereby being convenient for regulation and control, when the air pump box 2 runs, vibration is generated, the vibration is transmitted to the distributing hopper 12 in the box body 3 to further stimulate adult insects to activate, when the treatment process is about to finish, the oxygen content in the device is gradually consumed along with the metabolism of the adult through closing the air pump regulating valve 1 and the air inlet 9, when the interior is lack of oxygen, the adult can move around, thereby climbing out of the distributing hopper 12, the filtering mechanism which moves by itself and falls to the bottom, and then moves to the bottom of the box body 3, therefore, the adults can be separated by themselves, most of the adults can be separated, and a small part of the adults which cannot be separated can be used as fertilizer after being fermented by the following microorganisms, so that the operation cost of insect body separation is saved; the arranged glass plate 4 can facilitate observation in the treatment process, and the arranged sealing plate 7 can facilitate discharging; through the arrangement of the bearing sleeve 20 and the adjusting handle 5, the adjusting handle 5 is rotated, and the adjusting handle 5 is connected to the side wall of the box body 3 through threads so that the middle plate 14 moves, and when the adjusting handle is adjusted to be corresponding to the first through hole 13 on the middle plate 14 and the second through hole 15 on the filter plate 16, adults can reach the bottom of the device through the first through hole 13 and the second through hole 15, so that the adults can be collected conveniently; the deposition box 25 is not fixedly connected with the distributing hopper 12, after the distributing hopper 12 naturally deforms due to gravity, the shape of the deposition box 25 is limited, the internal liquid components of the distributing hopper 12 can fall due to osmosis in the using process, the internal liquid components are collected by the deposition box 25, after the collecting, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 and the bottom of the deposition box 25 are in a free fit state, so that percolate can be utilized by used adults, the percolate is fully utilized, the height of the bottom of the deposition box 25 is uneven due to the arranged wave plates 23, the bottom of the distributing hopper 12 is uneven when the distributing hopper 12 is fitted, so that the adults have more foot fall points during processing, the adults can conveniently eat, and in addition, the part of the distributing hopper 12 connected with the part can ensure relative movement through the arrangement of the movable block 22 and the second spring 21 arranged on the rotating rod, in the using process, the relative movement stimulates the adult to move, so that the adult can be ensured to be active, and the adult can be treated more quickly. On the other hand, the material in the distributing hopper 12 is rolled uniformly by the movement, so that the material can be conveniently utilized by adults in the processing process; after the material distributing hopper 12 is charged, the flow control pipe 24 is compressed under the action of gravity, at the moment, the bottom of the material distributing hopper 12 is tightly attached to the pipe orifice at the top of the flow control pipe 24, and the position of the leakage groove 26 moves downwards, so that the position, which cannot leak liquid, at the top of the flow control pipe 24 blocks the hole at the center of the bottom of the depositing box 25, so that the percolate inside the depositing box 25 cannot be discharged, and along with the processing, when the nutrient is exhausted soon, the adult insects gradually and spontaneously leave from the material distributing hopper 12 due to insufficient nutrient substances and increased concentration of carbon dioxide inside, so that the internal mass of the material distributing hopper 12 is reduced, so that the stress of the flow control pipe 24 is reduced, under the action of the third spring 28, the flow control pipe 24 generates upward displacement, at the moment, the part of the leakage groove 26 of the flow control pipe 24 gradually rises from the top of the bottom plate of the depositing box 25 along with the gradual reduction of gravity, at the moment, the percolate inside the depositing box 25 begins to leak down, leachate at this moment can play the effect of scouring on the part of bottom through adult's absorption and the filtering action of cloth fill 12 on the contrary, has also made things convenient for simultaneously to arrange the material, the follow-up washing of being convenient for to reduce the bacterial growing of deposit box 25 inside, make things convenient for reuse.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for biologically treating kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a: the kitchen waste is collected, a waste transport vehicle is arranged for collecting and transporting the kitchen waste, a loading and unloading port of the waste transport vehicle is provided with a sealing assembly, a metering receiving device is arranged for metering the kitchen waste, pretreated kitchen waste and filtrate are obtained after metering, and sorting equipment is arranged for sorting the pretreated kitchen waste;
b: crushing, homogenizing and separating grease by using crushing equipment for the sorted kitchen waste and filtrate in the metering and receiving process, generating kitchen waste and filtered grease after separation, adding a conditioning agent into the kitchen waste for conditioning, arranging a biological treatment box, arranging matrix cloth in the biological treatment box for containing the conditioned kitchen waste, and performing other processing on the filtered grease after impurity removal;
c: carrying out larva inoculation on the substrate cloth, adding a culture solution to carry out finished product worm culture, allowing the larva to grow by absorbing and decomposing the culture solution and nutrients in the poured kitchen waste residue, after full treatment, arranging a filtering mechanism to separate the kitchen waste residue into worm bodies to obtain finished product worms and kitchen waste residue, fermenting the kitchen waste residue through the substrate to generate a bio-organic fertilizer, rinsing the filtered finished product worms by using rinsing equipment, and carrying out freezing storage after vibration air drying;
d: pipelines are arranged in the operations of measurement receiving, matrix material distribution processing and finished product insect culturing for tail gas transmission and are conducted to a biological leaching tower for tail gas collection processing.
2. The method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtering mechanism in the step c is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the biological treatment box, the biological treatment box comprises a box body (3), an air pump box (2), a feeding port (8) and a distributing hopper (12), a mounting frame (19) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the box body (3), rubber rods (11) are fixedly arranged on two opposite sides of the mounting frame (19) at equal intervals, a first spring (17) is arranged outside the rubber rod (11) in the middle, and a bottom plate (18) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the box body (3).
3. The method for biologically treating kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that the top of the periphery of said mounting frame (19) is provided with mounting screws (10), and said distributing hopper (12) is arranged between said mounting frame (19) and said mounting screws (10).
4. The method for biologically treating kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that said feed inlet (8) is arranged at the top of the housing (3) and the top of the air pump housing (2) is provided with an air pump regulating valve (1) and an air inlet (9).
5. The method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, as recited in claim 2, characterized in that a sealing plate (7) is arranged in the middle of the front surface of the box body (3), an observation glass plate (4) is arranged in the middle of the sealing plate (7), and a tail gas pipe (6) is arranged at the top of the side surface of the box body (3).
6. The method for the biological treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that said filter means comprises a filter plate (16), a second through hole (15), an intermediate plate (14) and a first through hole (13), said filter plate (16) being fixedly mounted inside the housing (3), and the second through hole (15) being provided in the filter plate (16).
7. A method for the biological treatment of kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that the filter plate (16) is hollowed out in its middle, and that the intermediate plate (14) is arranged in the hollowed-out position in the middle of the filter plate (16), and that the first through aperture (13) is arranged in the intermediate plate (14).
8. The method for biologically treating the kitchen waste according to claim 7, characterized in that a bearing sleeve (20) is fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the middle plate (14), an adjusting handle (5) is arranged outside the bearing sleeve (20), and the adjusting handle (5) is connected to the side wall of the box body (3) through threads.
9. The method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom edge of the mounting frame (19) is fixedly provided with a deposition box (25), the bottom of the inner side of the deposition box (25) is symmetrically provided with two groups of wave plates (23), the tops of the two groups of wave plates (23) are equally spaced and provided with the movable blocks (22) through the rotating rods, and the second springs (21) are arranged between the movable blocks (22) of each group.
10. The method for biologically treating the kitchen waste, as recited in claim 9, characterized in that the bottom center of the deposition box (25) is provided with a leakage discharge mechanism, the leakage discharge mechanism comprises a flow control pipe (24), a protective sleeve (27), a third spring (28) and a telescopic column (29), the telescopic column (29) and the third spring (28) are arranged at the bottom of the flow control pipe (24), the bottom of the telescopic column (29) is connected with the filtering mechanism, the protective sleeve (27) is arranged outside the third spring (28), and a leakage tank (26) is arranged in the middle of the flow control pipe (24).
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| CN202110687167.XA CN113426803B (en) | 2021-06-21 | 2021-06-21 | Method for biologically treating kitchen waste |
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| CN113426803B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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