CN113422149B - 一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统 - Google Patents

一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统 Download PDF

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CN113422149B
CN113422149B CN202110484171.6A CN202110484171A CN113422149B CN 113422149 B CN113422149 B CN 113422149B CN 202110484171 A CN202110484171 A CN 202110484171A CN 113422149 B CN113422149 B CN 113422149B
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谢煜敬
徐海萍
林广宙
林靖佳
林庆德
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Guangxi Yangsheng New Energy Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，包括：磷酸铁锂电池组，包括若干个磷酸铁锂电池；防爆电池盒，包括盒盖、内盒和外盒；所述内盒之间设有若干个隔断，每个隔断内安装有一个磷酸铁锂电池；所述内盒固定安装于外盒内；所述每个隔断内设有第一压强传感器；设于每个隔断上之间的内盒上设有连通外盒的排气通道；所述排气通道上设有防爆装置；所述内盒内设有热敏电阻；所述外盒内设有第二压强传感器、温度传感器、处理器、接触开关、电源模块、若干个消防材料喷罐和消防灭火反馈器；所述消防材料喷罐上设有用于打开消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀；电池管理系统，安装在盒盖内的顶部，所述磷酸铁锂电池分别连接电池管理系统。

Description

一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统
技术领域
本发明涉及磷酸铁锂电池系统技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统。
背景技术
锂电池具有工作电压高、比能量大、体积小、质量轻、循环寿命长、自放电率低、无记忆效应、无污染等众多优点。在锂离子电池中，磷酸铁锂电池较被看好，其安全性高，电池的循环次数能大于2000次，放电稳定，可快速充电且不含重金属无毒环保。因此磷酸铁锂电池是目前应用前景十分广阔的锂离子电池，尤其是动力电池和储能电池领域，这些领域对体积比能量要求不如手机电池领域那么高。
当磷酸铁锂电池在使用时，出现短路、工作温度过高等异常情况时，电池内部会产生大量气体，造成电池系统内部压力升高，电池温度升高，易造成整个电池主体发生热失控火灾或爆炸事故。目前的一些磷酸铁锂电池系统在保护磷酸铁锂电池时采用冷凝水管贴近磷酸铁锂电池冷却并控制防爆泄气阀，来控制磷酸铁锂电池在电池盒内的温度和气压，但是在高速行驶、超高温、颠簸等恶劣环境的使用情况中，冷凝水管容易爆裂，冷凝水管内的水溢出容易引起新的安全问题；并且，一般的磷酸铁锂电池系统反应不够及时，控制防爆泄气阀泄气响应慢，泄压不及时，仍然容易发生火灾或爆炸事故。一般的磷酸铁锂电池系统发热量高，系统热管理能效降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，系统热管理能效高，能够适应各种恶劣环境，能够对爆炸火灾及时作出反应，能够自动迅速进行灭火泄压，安全而稳定。
为达到上述目的，提供了一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，包括：
磷酸铁锂电池组，包括若干个磷酸铁锂电池；
防爆电池盒，包括盒盖、内盒和外盒；所述内盒之间设有若干个隔断，若干个磷酸铁锂电池安装在内盒内，使得隔断分离若干个磷酸铁锂电池；所述内盒固定安装于外盒内；所述每个隔断内设有第一压强传感器；设于每个隔断之间的内盒上设有连通外盒的排气通道；所述排气通道上设有防爆装置；所述内盒内设有热敏电阻；所述外盒内设有第二压强传感器、温度传感器、处理器、接触开关、电源模块、若干个消防材料喷罐和消防灭火反馈器；所述消防材料喷罐上设有用于打开消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀；所述电源模块、第一压强传感器、第二压强传感器、温度传感器、防爆装置和消防灭火反馈器分别连接处理器；所述防爆装置连接接触开关；所述接触开关分别连接热敏电阻、处理器和电磁阀；所述热敏电阻连接电源模块；
电池管理系统，安装在盒盖内的顶部，所述磷酸铁锂电池分别连接电池管理系统。
特别的，所述防爆装置包括气缸、螺栓安装件、固定壳、旋转壳；所述旋转壳设于固定壳内且旋转壳的侧壁紧贴固定壳；所述固定壳的上部设有固定壳通气孔；所述旋转壳固定连接螺栓安装件；所述螺栓安装件螺旋连接排气通道；所述螺栓安装件设有连通旋转壳的通气通道；所述旋转壳上设有旋转至固定壳顶部能与固定壳通气孔相通的旋转壳通气孔；所述气缸设有输出轴；所述气缸设于固定壳的上部且输出轴连接旋转壳；所述气缸连接处理器。
特别的，所述气缸设于气缸安装架上；所述气缸安装架固定安装于内盒外的侧壁上。
特别的，所述内盒与外盒之间设有若干个减震弹簧。
特别的，所述隔断和内盒采用E玻璃纤维高强度复合材料。具有很强的耐压性和阻燃性能。
特别的，所述外盒内设有若干风扇。
特别的，所述处理器采用ATSAMA5D31微处理器。通过处理器，能够分析出内盒和外盒的压强差，能更迅速判断内盒内是否出现要爆炸的情况，通过温度传感器感应到的温度，能够判断出外盒内的温度
特别的，所述消防材料为惰性气体。
特别的，所述盒盖的两边侧部和外盒的两边侧部分别设有安装条，所述盒盖上的安装条和外盒上的安装条分别设有相应的安装孔。
本发明的有益效果：
1.本发明的磷酸铁锂电池系统采用隔断分离若干个磷酸铁锂电池，并将若干个磷酸铁锂电池安装在内盒内，而使得外盒与内盒之间保持一定距离，将电池管理系统安装在盒盖上，特别在外盒内设有若干风扇，散热性能良好，能量密集度提高；隔断和内盒采用E玻璃纤维高强度复合材料，具有很强的耐压性和阻燃性能，避免出现一个磷酸铁锂电池出现问题时影响到其他磷酸铁锂电池。
2.本发明的热敏电阻设于内盒内，能够在因为过热阈值超过的情况下自动启动能迅速使消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀，而在处理器通过第一压强传感器和第二压强传感器，能够分析出内盒和外盒的压强差，在结合防爆装置由于压强差，旋转壳自动向上弹，而处理器同时能迅速控制气缸的输出轴旋转而使得旋转壳高速旋转至固定壳顶部，旋转壳通气孔与固定壳通气孔相通，将气体迅速卸出的优良效果。
3.本发明还在内盒与外盒之间设有若干个减震弹簧，能够达到良好的减震的效果；消防材料为惰性气体，避免出现一般磷酸铁锂电池系统采用能拧水管，冷凝水管容易爆裂，冷凝水管内的水溢出容易引起新的安全问题；消防灭火反馈器用于反馈消防灭火的情况。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例的整体结构而示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的工作原理图；
图3为本发明实施例的防爆装置的结构图。
图中：1.外盒；2.内盒；3.盒盖；4.安装条；5.安装孔；6.磷酸铁锂电池；7.螺栓安装件；8.气缸；9.气缸安装架；10.固定壳；11.旋转壳；12.固定壳通气孔；13.旋转壳通气孔；14. 输出轴。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
如图1、图2、图3所示，一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，包括：
磷酸铁锂电池组，包括若干个磷酸铁锂电池6。
防爆电池盒，包括盒盖3、内盒2和外盒1。内盒2之间设有若干个隔断，若干个磷酸铁锂电池6安装在内盒内，使得隔断分离若干个磷酸铁锂电池6。内盒2固定安装于外盒1内。内盒2与外盒1之间设有若干个减震弹簧。外盒1内设有若干风扇。隔断和内盒2采用E玻璃纤维高强度复合材料。具有很强的耐压性和阻燃性能。盒盖3的两边侧部和外盒1的两边侧部分别设有安装条4，盒盖3上的安装条4和外盒1上的安装条4分别设有相应的安装孔5，可使用螺栓和螺母通过安装孔5使盒盖3与外盒1固定连接。
每个隔断内设有第一压强传感器。设于每个隔断之间的内盒2上设有连通外盒1的排气通道。排气通道上设有防爆装置。防爆装置包括气缸8、螺栓安装件7、固定壳10、旋转壳11。旋转壳11设于固定壳10内且旋转壳11的侧壁紧贴固定壳10。固定壳10的上部设有固定壳通气孔12。旋转壳11固定连接螺栓安装件7。螺栓安装件7螺旋连接排气通道。螺栓安装件7设有连通旋转壳11的通气通道。旋转壳11上设有旋转至固定壳10顶部能与固定壳通气孔12相通的旋转壳通气孔13。气缸8设有输出轴14。气缸8设于固定壳10的上部且输出轴14连接旋转壳11。气缸8连接处理器。气缸8设于气缸安装架9上。气缸安装架9固定安装于内盒2外的侧壁上。
内盒2内设有热敏电阻。外盒1内设有第二压强传感器、温度传感器、处理器、接触开关、电源模块、若干个消防材料喷罐和消防灭火反馈器。消防材料喷罐上设有用于打开消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀。消防材料为惰性气体。电源模块、第一压强传感器、第二压强传感器、温度传感器、防爆装置和消防灭火反馈器分别连接处理器。防爆装置连接接触开关。接触开关分别连接热敏电阻、处理器和电磁阀。热敏电阻连接电源模块。处理器采用ATSAMA5D31微处理器。通过处理器，能够分析出内盒2和外盒1的压强差，能更迅速判断内盒2内是否出现要爆炸的情况，通过温度传感器感应到的温度，能够判断出外盒1内的温度。
电池管理系统，安装在盒盖3内的顶部，磷酸铁锂电池6分别连接电池管理系统。
本发明的工作原理和使用方法如下：
将若干个磷酸铁锂电池6安装在内盒2内，使得隔断分离若干个磷酸铁锂电池6后，将螺栓和螺母通过安装孔5使盒盖3与外盒1固定连接完成本发明的安装。将本发明的电池管理系统、电源模块通电以后即可使用。在磷酸铁锂电池6使用时，温度传感器感应到的温度，能够判断出外盒1内的温度；第一压强传感器测量每个内盒2的压强，第二压强传感器能够测量外盒1与内盒2之间压强，处理器即能够分析出内盒2和外盒1的压强差。当出现一个或多个磷酸铁锂电池6温度骤升要泄气时，热敏电阻能够在因为过热阈值超过的情况下自动启动能迅速使消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀；处理器感应到内盒2压强的变化，防爆装置的旋转壳11自动向上弹，而处理器同时能迅速控制气缸8的输出轴14旋转而使得旋转壳11高速旋转至固定壳10顶部，使得磷酸铁锂电池6系统达到自动、快速地灭火泄气的效果；消防灭火反馈器则用于反馈消防灭火的情况。
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施方式，但是专利所有者可以在所附权利要求的范围之内做出各种变形或修改，只要不超过本发明的权利要求所描述的保护范围，都应当在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于，包括：
磷酸铁锂电池组，包括若干个磷酸铁锂电池；
防爆电池盒，包括盒盖、内盒和外盒；所述内盒之间设有若干个隔断，若干个磷酸铁锂电池安装在内盒内，使得隔断分离若干个磷酸铁锂电池；所述内盒固定安装于外盒内；所述每个隔断内设有第一压强传感器；设于每个隔断之间的内盒上设有连通外盒的排气通道；所述排气通道上设有防爆装置；所述外盒内设有第二压强传感器、温度传感器、热敏电阻、处理器、接触开关、电源模块、若干个消防材料喷罐和消防灭火反馈器；所述消防材料喷罐上设有用于打开消防材料喷罐喷出消防材料的电磁阀；所述电源模块、第一压强传感器、第二压强传感器、温度传感器、防爆装置和消防灭火反馈器分别连接处理器；所述防爆装置连接接触开关；所述接触开关分别连接热敏电阻、处理器和电磁阀；所述热敏电阻连接电源模块；
电池管理系统，安装在盒盖内的顶部，所述磷酸铁锂电池分别连接电池管理系统；
所述防爆装置包括气缸、螺栓安装件、固定壳、旋转壳；所述旋转壳设于固定壳内且旋转壳的侧壁紧贴固定壳；所述固定壳的上部设有固定壳通气孔；所述旋转壳固定连接螺栓安装件；所述螺栓安装件螺旋连接排气通道；所述螺栓安装件设有连通旋转壳的通气通道；所述旋转壳上设有旋转至固定壳顶部能与固定壳通气孔相通的旋转壳通气孔；所述气缸设有输出轴；所述气缸设于固定壳的上部且输出轴连接旋转壳；所述气缸连接处理器；
所述气缸设于气缸安装架上；所述气缸安装架固定安装于内盒外的侧壁上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述内盒与外盒之间设有若干个减震弹簧。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述隔断和内盒采用E玻璃纤维高强度复合材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述外盒内设有若干风扇。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述处理器采用ATSAMA5D31微处理器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述消防材料为惰性气体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高能量、防爆功能的磷酸铁锂电池系统，其特征在于：所述盒盖的两边侧部和外盒的两边侧部分别设有安装条，所述盒盖上的安装条和外盒上的安装条分别设有相应的安装孔。
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