CN113403121A - 一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂 - Google Patents

一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂 Download PDF

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CN113403121A
CN113403121A CN202110463820.4A CN202110463820A CN113403121A CN 113403121 A CN113403121 A CN 113403121A CN 202110463820 A CN202110463820 A CN 202110463820A CN 113403121 A CN113403121 A CN 113403121A
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polyether
antirust
ethylhexyl
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CN113403121B (zh
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李维民
马瑞
王晓波
姜程
陈云龙
张恩惠
董均阳
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Qingdao Center Of Resource Chemistry & New Materials (qingdao Research Development Center Lanzhou Institute Of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy Of Sciences)
Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂,结构式为:
Figure DDA0003039131770000011
该防锈抗磨添加剂的制备方法为:二(2‑乙基己基)磷酸酯和胆碱溶液室温下搅拌;加入十二烯基丁二酸酐继续搅拌反应得到式(1)结构防锈抗磨添加剂。本发明的防锈抗磨添加剂,在聚醚基础油中具有优异的抗磨和防锈性能。

Description

一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂,属于润滑技术领域。
技术背景
聚醚是环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、环氧丁烷的均聚物或共聚物的通称,它是一种合成润滑油,属于第V类基础油。由于聚醚合成油分子中具有醚键和羟基的独特结构,使之具有分散、乳化、润滑诸多优异性能,同时,利用聚醚分子中可变因子灵活地调整聚醚产品的结构与性能,以满足各种不同的使用要求。聚醚的这些特点为其实际应用开辟了广阔的前景,成功应用于抗燃液压油、齿轮油、空压机油、特种链条油、金属加工液等润滑剂中。
虽然聚醚的润滑性优于矿物油、聚-α-烯烃等基础油,但是在使用过程中的工况往往苛刻,必须加入极压抗磨添加剂来提高抗磨性能。聚醚的极性强,通用的抗磨剂如磷酸酯类、硫代磷酸盐类等在聚醚中不能发挥很好的减摩抗磨作用。此外,聚醚强的亲水性能,使其在金属表面的吸附层容易被水侵占,从而易发生锈蚀。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂,解决了现有技术中应用于聚醚润滑油的添加剂抗磨性能不佳的问题,同时解决了聚醚润滑油防锈性能差的问题。
本发明所述的一种用于聚醚润滑油的离子液体防锈抗磨添加剂,其特征在于具有式(1)的结构式:
Figure BDA0003039131750000021
本发明所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法的步骤如下:
(a)称取摩尔比为1:1的二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯和胆碱溶液,将胆碱溶液缓慢滴加到二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯溶液中,室温下搅拌1h,得到二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐;
(b)称取摩尔比为1:1的二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐和十二烯基丁二酸酐加入单口烧瓶中,80℃搅拌反应2h得到式(1)结构防锈抗磨添加剂。
本发明所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的应用,其特征在于,该添加剂作为聚醚润滑油的添加量为0.25%~2%。
如上所述的聚醚润滑油是油溶性聚醚的一种。
本发明的技术特点及有益效果:
本发明所述的一种用于聚醚润滑油的防锈抗磨添加剂,在聚醚基础油中具有优异的抗磨和防锈性能,同时本发明的制备方法工艺简单,产品收率高,原子经济性好,没有副产物生成。
附图说明:
图1是聚醚基础油OSP 46和分别添加0.25%、1%、2%本发明添加剂的锈蚀性能测试结果。
图2是聚醚基础油OSP 46和分别添加0.25%、1%、2%TCP以及分别添加0.25%、1%、2%本发明添加剂的油样经摩擦测试后的磨损体积示意图。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图以及具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的阐述和说明。
实施例1
⑴称取9.66g二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯加入单口烧瓶,在室温下缓慢滴加7.89g胆碱溶液(浓度46%),10min滴加完毕,并继续反应60min。之后,用旋转蒸发仪除去混合物中的水,得到12.65g二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐,产率99.2%。
⑵取上述产物二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐4.26g和2.66g十二烯基丁二酸酐加入单口烧瓶,于80℃搅拌2h,得到6.92g深棕色粘稠产物,收率100%。
以下举出试验例,进一步说明本发明。试验例和比较例的油样组成如表1所示,其中OSP 46为BASF公司生产的聚醚基础油,TCP为传统抗磨添加剂磷酸三甲酚酯。
表1试验例与比较例油样组成
Figure BDA0003039131750000031
Figure BDA0003039131750000041
锈蚀性能测试
测试方法:根据GB/T 11143A法,对试验例1、试验例2、试验例3和比较例1进行了锈蚀性能测试,结果见附图1。
根据附图1可知,加入本发明添加剂的油样均为无锈,而空白油样OSP 46为重锈。说明本发明添加剂具有良好的防锈性能。
摩擦学性能测试
对试验例和比较例进行摩擦学性能测试,并对磨损体积进行表征和对比。
测试方法:试验设备为德国Optimol油脂公司的SRV-V微动摩擦磨损试验机,试验条件为载荷200N,温度50℃,频率为50Hz,行程1mm,时间为30min。试验所用钢球为直径10mm的AISI 52100轴承钢,下试样所用钢块为直径24mm、高7.9±0.1mm的AISI 52100轴承钢。使用MicroXAM 3D非接触式三维表面轮廓仪对经过SRV测试后的下试样钢块进行磨损量表征,结果见图2。
参阅附图2,实验结果表明,与基础油OSP 46相比,加入本发明添加剂的样品磨损体积显著减小;与加入相同浓度的TCP相比,试验例1、试验例2、试验例3的磨损体积也远低于比较例2、比较例3、比较例4,本发明添加剂具有更优异的抗磨性能。
本发明的有益效果:提供了一种用于聚醚润滑油的防锈抗磨添加剂,在聚醚基础油中具有优异的抗磨和防锈性能,同时本发明的制备方法工艺简单,产品收率高,原子经济性好,没有副产物生成。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于聚醚润滑油的防锈抗磨添加剂,其特征在于,所述添加剂具有式(1)的结构式:
Figure FDA0003039131740000011
2.权利要求1所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法的步骤如下:
(a)称取二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯和胆碱溶液,将胆碱溶液缓慢滴加到二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯溶液中,室温下搅拌,得到二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐;
(b)称取二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐和十二烯基丁二酸酐加入烧瓶中,搅拌反应得到式(1)的防锈抗磨添加剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯和胆碱的摩尔比为1:1。
4.如权利要求2所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯胆碱铵盐和十二烯基丁二酸酐的摩尔比为1:1。
5.权利要求1所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的应用,其特征在于,该添加剂作为聚醚润滑油的添加量为0.25%~2%。
6.权利要求5所述的防锈抗磨添加剂的应用,其特征在于,所述的聚醚润滑油是油溶性聚醚的一种。
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