CN113388528A - Ground surface sacculus mould, composition for saline-alkali soil remediation and saline-alkali soil remediation method - Google Patents
Ground surface sacculus mould, composition for saline-alkali soil remediation and saline-alkali soil remediation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a strain of sacculus terrestris on the earth surface, a composition for saline-alkali soil remediation and a saline-alkali soil remediation method, and belongs to the technical field of ecological remediation. The surface sacculus mildew provided by the invention has the preservation number of CGMCC No.14546, has good root infection capacity on pioneer plants in saline-alkali soil with salt content of eight thousandth, can obviously improve the survival rate of the pioneer plants in the saline-alkali soil, and improves the soil remediation effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a sacculus terrestris on the ground surface, a composition for restoring saline-alkali soil and a saline-alkali soil restoration method.
Background
Saline-alkali soil resources are important reserve cultivated land resources in China, and the saline-alkali soil in China is mainly distributed in plains of 23 provinces, cities and autonomous regions of 5 large regions, including coastal saline-alkali soil regions, Huang-Huai-Hai plain saline-alkali soil regions, northwest semi-arid saline-alkali soil regions, arid saline-alkali soil regions and northeast saline-alkali soil regions.
Among many saline-alkali soil improvement measures, methods such as water conservancy engineering measures, agricultural cultivation measures, chemical modifiers and the like are generally applied, but the effect is not ideal. Chemical improvement measures can quickly change the soil structure, but can also bring about secondary pollution; agricultural measures require the expenditure of a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources. The combined restoration of saline-alkali soil by utilizing microorganisms and plants is one of the future development trends. However, the saline-alkali soil high-salinity and high-alkalinity environment is not beneficial to the survival of microorganisms and restoration plants, and the application of the microorganism-plant combined restoration of the saline-alkali soil is severely limited. Therefore, a microorganism-plant combined remediation method capable of effectively treating saline-alkali soil is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a strain of sacculus terrestris on the ground surface, a composition for saline-alkali soil remediation and a saline-alkali soil remediation method. The ground saccule mould provided by the invention has good root infection capability on pioneer plants in saline-alkali soil with salt content of eight thousandth, and can remarkably improve the survival rate of the pioneer plants in the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil remediation effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a strain of Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme), and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 14546.
The invention provides a method for culturing ground sacculus mildew in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: and performing propagation culture on the sacculus terreus on the ground surface in a saline-alkali matrix to obtain a culture of the sacculus terreus on the ground surface.
Preferably, the saline-alkali substrate is planted with host plants, and the host plants comprise sesbania, corn, alfalfa or red clover.
Preferably, the saline-alkali matrix comprises saline-alkali soil, sand and vermiculite, the salinity of the saline-alkali soil is 6-8 per mill, and the mass ratio of the saline-alkali soil to the sand to the vermiculite is (1-3): (1-5): (1-2).
Preferably, the temperature of the propagation culture is 15-28 ℃; the relative humidity of the propagation culture is 50-80%; the time for propagation culture is 120-180 d.
The invention provides a composition for saline-alkali soil remediation, which comprises the ground sacculus mildew and pioneer plants in the technical scheme, wherein the pioneer plants comprise one or more of sesbania, alfalfa and beautiful lespedeza.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil restoration method, and the composition in the technical scheme is used for restoring saline-alkali soil.
Preferably, the repair comprises the following steps: mixing the culture of the sacculus terricola on the ground surface with the seeds of the pioneer plants, and sowing the mixture to the saline-alkali soil to be repaired.
Preferably, the culture of the sacculus terrestris on the ground is mixed with seeds of pioneer plants according to the dosage of 1000-2000 g per square meter of seeding area; the planting density of the pioneer plants is 50-100 plants/m2。
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil is characterized in that the salinity of the saline-alkali soil is 6-8 per mill, and the pH value is 7.0-8.0.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a strain of sacculus terrestris, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 14546. The ground saccule mould provided by the invention has good root infection capability on pioneer plants in saline-alkali soil with salt content of eight thousandth, and can remarkably improve the survival rate of the pioneer plants in the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil remediation effect. The results of the examples show that: the ground balloon mold provided by the invention can obviously improve the saline-alkali resistance of sesbania, when the salinity of saline-alkali soil is 8 per mill, compared with a control group without inoculation, the preservation rate of the sesbania inoculated with the ground balloon mold is improved from 40% to 90%, the effect of obviously improving the preservation rate of the sesbania is achieved, and the saline-alkali soil remediation efficiency is improved.
Biological preservation Instructions
A strain of Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme) is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center of China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is as follows: CGMCC No.14546, preservation date of 2017, 08 months and 15 days, and preservation address of No. 3 Hospital No.1 of North Chenlu Xilu, Kyoho, Beijing City.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a strain of Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme), and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 14546. The sacculus terrestris has the following morphological characteristics: the spores are round or nearly round, yellow to yellowish brown, a circle of dark color is arranged along the spore wall under reflected light, and the diameter of the spores is 90-150 mu m. The spore wall has three layers, the thickness is 4-6 mu m, the first layer is colorless and transparent and is easy to fade to the wall, the thickness is about 1 mu m, the spore wall is usually peeled off when mature, and only partial residual scraps are left sometimes. The second layer is light yellow to light yellow brown, and has a layered wall of 3-4 μm. The third layer, a single wall, 1 μm, and the second layer did not separate and was visible as bright golden yellow after spore rupture. The hypha connecting points are 8-12 μm wide, are straight or trumpet-shaped, and have a separation sealing connecting point formed by the inner wall. The hyphomycete is colorless and transparent, the diameter is 4-7 mu m, and the spores are withered and shed after being mature. The ground saccule mould provided by the invention has good root infection capability on pioneer plants in saline-alkali soil with salt content of eight thousandth, and can remarkably improve the survival rate of the pioneer plants in the saline-alkali soil and improve the soil remediation effect.
The invention provides a method for culturing ground sacculus mildew in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: and performing propagation culture on the sacculus terreus on the ground surface in a saline-alkali matrix to obtain a culture of the sacculus terreus on the ground surface. In the invention, host plants are preferably planted in the saline-alkali matrix, the host plants preferably comprise sesbania, corn, alfalfa or clover plants, and further preferably sesbania, the sacculus terrestris on the earth surface has a good symbiotic relationship with the host plants, and the propagation expanding effect is good; particularly, when the host plant is sesbania, the method has better propagation effect on the sacculus terrestris on the ground surface. The saline-alkali matrix of the present invention preferably comprises saline-alkali soil, sand and vermiculite. In the invention, the salinity of the saline-alkali soil is preferably 6-8%, the balloon mold on the ground surface provided by the invention is saline-alkali tolerant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the high saline-alkali soil is beneficial to maintaining the saline-alkali tolerance of the balloon mold on the ground surface and preventing the saline-alkali tolerant characteristic of the balloon mold on the ground surface from being degraded. The sand is mainly used for ensuring that water leaks in time when watering is carried out, so that accumulated water is not formed; vermiculite is mainly used for maintaining a certain water retention capacity, so that the matrix is not dried too much. In the invention, the mass ratio of the saline-alkali soil to the sand to the vermiculite is preferably (1-3): (1-5): (1-2), more preferably (1-2): (1-3): (1-2), more preferably 1:1: 1. In the invention, the temperature of the propagation culture is preferably 15-28 ℃, and more preferably 25 ℃; the relative humidity of the propagation culture is preferably 50-80%, and more preferably 65%; the time for propagation culture is preferably 120-180 d, and more preferably 150 d. According to the method, the specific propagation culture conditions are selected, so that the spore density of the sacculus terrestris on the ground surface can be improved to the maximum extent. After propagation culture, a culture of the sacculus terrestris containing sacculus terrestris spores, hyphae and saline-alkali matrix is obtained. In the present invention, the spore density in the culture of saccharum hyalinum is greater than 100 per 50g of soil. The culture of the sacculus terreus on the ground surface can be used for dip-dyeing pioneer plants and improving the saline-alkali resistance of the pioneer plants.
The invention provides a composition for saline-alkali soil remediation, which comprises the glomus versiforme on the ground surface and pioneer plants in the technical scheme, wherein the pioneer plants comprise one or more of sesbania, alfalfa and beautiful lespedeza, and the sesbania is further preferred. The sesbania is one of the species with the strongest nitrogen fixation capacity in leguminous plants, forms a good symbiotic relationship with the sacculus terrestris on the ground surface, has stronger saline-alkali stress resistance, and has a good ecological restoration function on the saline-alkali soil by combining with the sacculus terrestris on the ground surface. The composition for saline-alkali soil remediation can keep the high survival rate of pioneer plants during saline-alkali soil remediation, and realizes efficient remediation of saline-alkali soil. In the invention, the saline-alkali soil is preferably saline-alkali beach land.
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil restoration method, and the composition in the technical scheme is used for restoring saline-alkali soil. In the present invention, the repair preferably comprises the steps of: mixing the culture of the sacculus terricola on the ground surface with the seeds of the pioneer plants, and sowing the mixture to the saline-alkali soil to be repaired. In the invention, the culture of the sacculus terrestris on the ground is mixed with seeds of pioneer plants according to the dosage of 1000-2000 g per square meter of seeding area, and the dosage of 2000g per square meter is further preferable, so that the sacculus terrestris on the ground and the pioneer plants form a good symbiotic relationship, the saline-alkali resistance of the pioneer plants is further improved, and the survival rate is improved. In the invention, the planting density of the pioneer plants is preferably 50-100 plants/m2More preferably 100 strains/m2Reasonable planting density can improve the survival rate of pioneer plants and improve the soil remediation efficiency. In the invention, the salinity of the saline-alkali soil is preferably 6-8 per mill, and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is preferably 7.0-8.0, and is further preferably 7.5-7.8. The saline-alkali soil remediation method provided by the invention can obviously improve the survival rate of the pioneer plant in the saline-alkali soil, so that the pioneer plant can well survive in the saline-alkali soil with the salinity of 8 per mill, and the problem of low survival rate of the pioneer plant in the saline-alkali soil with the salinity of 8 per mill is solved.
In order to further illustrate the invention, the saccharum terrestris, the composition for saline-alkali soil remediation and the saline-alkali soil remediation method provided by the invention are described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Morphological and molecular identification of glomus superficialis
The Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme) is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center of the Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms, and the preservation number is as follows: CGMCC No. 14546.
The sacculus terrestris has the following morphological characteristics: the spores are round or nearly round, yellow to yellowish brown, a circle of dark color is arranged along the spore wall under reflected light, and the diameter of the spores is 90-150 mu m. The spore wall has three layers, the thickness is 4-6 mu m, the first layer is colorless and transparent and is easy to fade to the wall, the thickness is about 1 mu m, the spore wall is usually peeled off when mature, and only partial residual scraps are left sometimes. The second layer is light yellow to light yellow brown, and has a layered wall of 3-4 μm. The third layer, a single wall, 1 μm, and the second layer did not separate and was visible as bright golden yellow after spore rupture. The hypha connecting points are 8-12 μm wide, are straight or trumpet-shaped, and have a separation sealing connecting point formed by the inner wall. The hyphomycete is colorless and transparent, the diameter is 4-7 mu m, and the spores are withered and shed after being mature.
The ITS sequence of the strain is analyzed systematically, which shows that the strain is Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme). The ITS sequence is amplified by adopting fungal universal primers ITS5 and ITS4, wherein the nucleotide sequence of ITS5 is shown as SEQ ID No.1, specifically 5'-GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3'; the nucleotide sequence of ITS4 is shown in SEQ ID No.2, specifically 5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3'; the nucleotide sequence of the amplified ITS sequence is shown as SEQ ID No.1, and specifically comprises the following steps: GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGGTTACCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGGAAGGATCATTAAAAATTTATATCCGGGAATTCGTTTCGTTTTCCCGTGATTATTTGTATTCAAATCCCACTCTTTATAAATATATTAAGTATATAAACCAAAAATAAAAATGAAAACTTTCAACAACGGATCTCTTGGCTCTCGCATCGATGAAGAACGCAGCGAAATGCGATACGTAGTGTGAATTGCAGAATTCCGTGGATCATCGAATCTTTGAACACAAATTGTACTTTCCAGTATTCTGGCCAAGTATGCTTGGTTGACGGTCATTAAAGTAACATTCGTGAATTTTTTTGCGGATTTGAGTTTTCCAGTATTTATAAAAATGTTGGTAACTTTAAAATTATTATCACTTGGTACAAGTTGAAGACGTTCTATATGTGTGTGGTTCGCTGACAACTTATCCATCTCATATATTATGCGCGCACTTGGAATTTTTTAATGCCATGTGTGAGTATATATTTTTTTTATGACCTCAGCTCAAGTAAGAATACCCGCTGAACTTAAGCATATCAATAAGCGGAGGA are provided.
Example 2
Influence of sacculus terrestris on root infection rate of pioneer plants under different salinity gradients
Test protocol: the impregnation rate of the balloon mold on the ground surface to the sesbania root system under the condition that the salinity is 1 per mill, 3 per mill, 5 per mill and 8 per mill is respectively inspected. The method comprises the following specific steps: sterilizing soil by gamma rays, loading into a commercial 410X 310X 145mm turnover box, loading 15kg of sterilized soil into each turnover box, adjusting the salinity of the soil by using sodium chloride, and inoculating 2000 glomus terrestris spores into each turnover box; sowing sesbania seeds, transferring 8 sesbania plants in a box every week, culturing for 4 months under greenhouse conditions, and determining the infection rate by a Triflozin blue dyeing improvement method, wherein the detection results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 infection rate of Gloeostereum incarnatum in sesbania root system under different salt concentration gradients
| Salinity | 1‰ | 3‰ | 5‰ | 8‰ |
| Total infection rate | 45％ | 56％ | 39％ | 30％ |
| Arbuscular infection rate | 15％ | 20％ | 15％ | 12％ |
The results in table 1 show that the glomus terrestris still relatively high in infection rate to sesbania under the soil salt content of 8 per mill; the arbuscular branches are formed in cortical cells, hyphae entering the cells are branched into shrub-like structures through continuous bifurcations, the arbuscular branches are sites for nutrient exchange between host plants and mycorrhizal fungi, and are one of characterization indexes of nutrition transport functions of the mycorrhizal fungi, and the results in table 1 show that the glomus terrestris provided by the invention can form the arbuscular structures in root systems at the soil salt content of 8 per mill, and the glomus terrestris has high functional activity.
Example 3
Influence of balloon mold on preservation rate of pioneer plants under different salinity gradients
Test protocol: the preservation rates of the balloon mold on the ground surface to sesbania are respectively examined under the conditions that the salinity is 1 per thousand, 3 per thousand, 5 per thousand and 8 per thousand. The method comprises the following specific steps: sterilizing soil by gamma ray, loading into commercial 410X 310X 145mm turnover boxes, loading 15kg sterilized soil into each turnover box, adjusting soil salinity by sodium chloride, and loading 6 pots per salinity, wherein 2000 spores of Gliocladium acremonium are inoculated into 3 pots, and the other 3 pots are not inoculated; 30 sesbania plants are planted in each pot, the cultivation period is 4 months, the number of the surviving sesbania is calculated, the preservation rate is calculated, and the detection result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of Gliocladium subtense on Sesbania sessilifolia preservation rates under different salinity
| Salinity | 1‰ | 3‰ | 5‰ | 8‰ |
| Without inoculation | 100％ | 100％ | 80％ | 40％ |
| Inoculation of | 100％ | 100％ | 95％ | 90％ |
From the results in table 2, it can be seen that the preservation rate of sesbania is gradually reduced with the increase of salinity in the control group without inoculating glomus terrestris, and when the salinity content is 5-8%, the preservation rate is obviously reduced; the preservation rate of sesbania is obviously reduced to be smaller than that of a control group without inoculation along with the increase of salinity of a test group inoculated with sacculus terreus on earth surface, when the salinity content is 5-8 per mill, the preservation rate can still reach 90-95 percent and is obviously higher than that of the control group without inoculation.
Example 3
A method for repairing saline-alkali soil comprises the steps of mixing a culture of sacculus terricola on the ground surface with sesbania seeds, and sowing the mixture to the saline-alkali soil to be repaired. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) propagation culture of sacculus mycete on ground surface
And performing propagation culture on the sacculus terreus on the ground surface in a saline-alkali matrix to obtain a culture of the sacculus terreus on the ground surface. Wherein the saline-alkali substrate is planted with host plants which are sesbania, and the planting density of the sesbania is 50 plants/m2(ii) a The saline-alkali matrix consists of saline-alkali soil, sand and vermiculite, the salinity of the saline-alkali soil is 6 per mill, and the mass ratio of the saline-alkali soil to the sand to the vermiculite is 1:1: 1; and performing propagation culture at 25 ℃ and relative humidity of 65% for 150d to obtain a culture of the sacculus terrestris containing sacculus terrestris spores, mycelia and saline-alkali matrix.
2) The ground sacculus mildew obtained in the previous stepThe culture is mixed with sesbania seeds and is sowed in saline-alkali soil to be repaired for repair; wherein the salinity of saline-alkali soil is 8 per thousand, and the mass ratio of the culture of the sacculus fungus on the earth surface to the sesbania seeds is 500: 1, the planting density of sesbania is 100 plants/m2。
Example 4
A saline-alkali soil remediation method, which is the same as the method in the embodiment 3, and is different in that the planting density of sesbania in the step 2) is 50 plants/m2。
Comparative example 1
A saline-alkali soil remediation method, which is the same as the method in the embodiment 3, and is different in that the planting density of sesbania in the step 2) is 10 plants/m2。
Comparative example 2
A saline-alkali soil remediation method, which is the same as the method in the embodiment 3, and is different in that the planting density of sesbania in the step 2) is 20 plants/m2。
The influence of the saline-alkali soil restoration methods of the embodiments 3-4 and the comparative examples 1-2 on the pioneer plants of the saline-alkali soil is examined. Test protocol: in coastal mudflats of Jiangsu salt city, the salinity is 8 per mill, the saline-alkali soil remediation method is used for treating according to the embodiments 3-4 and the comparative examples 1-2, 4 treatments are set, each cell is 10m by 10m, and 6 times of treatment are set. And 5, sowing the seeds at the beginning of 5 months and counting the sesbania preservation rate in 10 months, wherein the detection results are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 Effect of treatments on sesbania survival rates during saline-alkali soil remediation
| Sesbania survival rate (%) | |
| Example 3 | 90 |
| Example 4 | 50 |
| Comparative example 1 | 35％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 30％ |
The results in Table 3 show that the planting density of sesbania has a great influence on the survival rate, and when the planting density of sesbania is 50-100 plants/m2Can maintain high survival rate, especially at planting density of 100 plants/m2The survival rate of sesbania can reach 90 percent and is obviously higher than that of sesbania which is lower than 50 plants/m2The survival rate of (1).
The results of the above embodiments show that the ground saccule mould provided by the invention has good root infection capability on pioneer plants in saline-alkali soil with salt content of eight thousandths, can remarkably improve the survival rate of the pioneer plants in the saline-alkali soil, and improves the soil remediation effect.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Sequence listing
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ggttgacggt cattaaagta acattcgtga atttttttgc ggatttgagt tttccagtat 360
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tatgtgtgtg gttcgctgac aacttatcca tctcatatat tatgcgcgca cttggaattt 480
tttaatgcca tgtgtgagta tatatttttt ttatgacctc agctcaagta agaatacccg 540
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Claims (10)
1. A strain of glomus versiforme (Glomusversiforme) is characterized in that the preservation number is CGMCCNo.14546.
2. The method for culturing glomus versicolor as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps: and performing propagation culture on the sacculus terreus on the ground surface in a saline-alkali matrix to obtain a culture of the sacculus terreus on the ground surface.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the saline-alkali medium is planted with host plants comprising sesbania, corn, alfalfa or red clover.
4. The culture method according to claim 2, wherein the saline-alkali matrix comprises saline-alkali soil, sand and vermiculite, the saline-alkali soil has a salinity of 6-8%, and the saline-alkali soil, the sand and the vermiculite are mixed in a mass ratio of (1-3): (1-5): (1-2).
5. The culture method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the propagation culture is 15-28 ℃; the relative humidity of the propagation culture is 50-80%; the time for propagation culture is 120-180 d.
6. A composition for saline and alkaline land remediation, the composition comprising the glomus terrestris of claim 1 and a pioneer plant comprising one or more of sesbania, alfalfa, and lespedeza virginiana.
7. A method for remediating saline-alkali soil, characterized in that the composition of claim 6 is used for remediating saline-alkali soil.
8. The saline-alkali soil remediation method of claim 7, wherein the remediation comprises the steps of: mixing the culture of the sacculus terricola on the ground surface with the seeds of the pioneer plants, and sowing the mixture to the saline-alkali soil to be repaired.
9. The saline-alkali soil remediation method of claim 8, wherein the ground sacculus fungus culture is mixed with the seeds of pioneer plants in an amount of 1000-2000 g per square meter of seeding area; of said pioneer plantThe planting density is 50-100 plants/m2。
10. The method for restoring saline-alkali soil according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the saline-alkali soil has a salinity of 6 to 8 per mill and a pH value of 7.0 to 8.0.
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