CN113375504A - 一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法,所述防刺防弹布片经由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维等高性能纤维以及少量的弹性体纤维纺织复合而成;弹性体纤维采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;制备方法包括取超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝均匀进行混纺后进行复合热压。该复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法,通过混纺后进行热压胶黏,有利于增加结构,同时通过不同种纤维长丝的均匀混纺,能够增强防刺防弹布片的整体结构性能,能够降低防刺防弹布片的整体质量密度,且增加韧性、塑形、弹性等性能,能够提高穿戴使用的舒适性以及灵活性,适应保卫作业使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防刺防弹布片技术领域,具体为一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法。
背景技术
防刺防弹衣是常见的用于单兵防护用具,防刺服也称为防刀衣、防刃衣或防刃服,具有防刀割、防刀砍、防刀刺、防带棱角物体刮划、耐磨损、防盗等功能。穿着防刀衣时如遇磨损或用尖刀(利刃、尖锐物体等)切、割、砍、刮、蹭、划时可保护穿着者不受割伤、划伤、蹭伤、砍伤。
防弹衣,又叫避弹衣,避弹背心,防弹背心,避弹服,单兵护体装具等,用于防护弹头或弹片对人体的伤害。防弹衣主要由衣套和防弹层两部分组成。衣套常用化纤织品制作。防弹层是用金属(特种钢、铝合金、钛合金)、陶瓷片(刚玉、碳化硼、碳化硅、氧化铝)、玻璃钢、尼龙(PA)、凯夫拉(KEVLAR)、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、液体防护材料等材料,构成单一或复合型防护结构。防弹层可吸收弹头或弹片的动能,对低速弹头或弹片有明显的防护效果,在控制一定的凹陷情况下可减轻对人体胸、腹部的伤害。
现有技术背景下,如申请公布号为CN106223051A的发明专利中公开了一种多角度防弹防刺无纬布,包括以下重量份的原料:丁腈橡胶15~30份、聚乙烯纤维10~15份、硫磺3~6份、邻苯二甲酸酐0.5~1份、芳纶浆粕0.8~1.5份、聚氨酯胶黏剂8~15份、溴化环氧树脂2~8份、水性防水剂2~6份、抗菌母粒1~3份、芳纶纤维10~20份。本发明提出的一种多角度防弹防刺无纬布,具有良好阻燃、防水、抗菌效果,且强度高、硬度高、重量轻,耐磨性好,防弹防刺效果好,本发明还提出了一种多角度防弹防刺无纬布的制备方法,通过对芳纶纤维进行多角度三维正交机织,大大提高了无纬布的安全系能,所用原料简单易得,生产操作简单,生产过程无污染,成本低,值得推广;
但结合现有技术,仍然难有一种能够同时满足防刺和防弹需求的防刺防弹布进行防护使用,同时大多的防刺防弹布结构粗糙,不能够保证防刺和防弹效果,且复合效果差,不能够保证长期使用,且大多的防弹衣较为厚重,会严重影响穿戴使用过程中的灵活性,因此,我们提出一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法,以便于解决上述中提出的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术提出的目前难有一种能够同时满足防刺和防弹需求的防刺防弹布进行防护使用,同时大多的防刺防弹布结构粗糙,不能够保证防刺和防弹效果,且复合效果差,不能够保证长期使用,且大多的防弹衣较为厚重,会严重影响穿戴使用过程中的灵活性的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片:
所述防刺防弹布片经由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维等高性能纤维以及少量的弹性体纤维纺织复合而成;
其中所述弹性体纤维采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
其中所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间的总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15。
优选的,所述芳纶纤维为线径为10~50μm的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和线径为80~120μm的间位芳酰胺纤维短丝,同时所述纤维长丝和纤维短丝之间的比例为0.8~1.3:3。
优选的,所述聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀混纺,且所述间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀搭叠加入混纺。
本发明提供另一种技术方案是提供一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤;
步骤一:取总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
步骤二:其中步骤一种芳纶纤维采用比例为0.8~1.3:3的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和间位芳酰胺纤维短丝;
步骤三:将聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀进行混纺,其中间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀状态搭叠加入混纺,使之混纺成单层纱布;
步骤四:将混纺而成的单层纱布层叠,且在单层纱布之间填充胶黏剂;
步骤五:用热辊或热平板热压复合,复合成成品防刺防弹片。
优选的,所述步骤三中混纺作业时的经、纬线之间的角度为60°-120°。
优选的,所述步骤三中混纺而成的单层纱布的厚度为0.01-0.5㎜。
优选的,所述步骤四中单层纱布之间胶黏剂的使用采用喷洒固体粉状胶黏剂粉剂或铺设固态薄膜状胶黏剂。
优选的,所述步骤四中单层纱布之间的层叠数量不少于两层。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:该复合多层的防刺防弹布片及其制备方法,结构简单,便于制作,且通过混纺后进行热压胶黏,有利于增加结构,同时通过不同种纤维长丝的均匀混纺,能够增强防刺防弹布片的整体结构性能,能够降低防刺防弹布片的整体质量密度,且增加韧性、塑形、弹性等性能,能够提高穿戴使用的舒适性以及灵活性,适应保卫作业使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明防刺防弹布结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,本发明提供技术方案:一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片:
所述防刺防弹布片经由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维等高性能纤维以及少量的弹性体纤维纺织复合而成;
其中所述弹性体纤维采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
其中所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间的总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15。
进一步的,所述芳纶纤维为线径为10~50μm的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和线径为80~120μm的间位芳酰胺纤维短丝,同时所述纤维长丝和纤维短丝之间的比例为0.8~1.3:3。
进一步的,所述聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀混纺,且所述间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀搭叠加入混纺。
本发明提供另一种技术方案是提供一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤;
步骤一:取总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
步骤二:其中步骤一种芳纶纤维采用比例为0.8~1.3:3的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和间位芳酰胺纤维短丝;
步骤三:将聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀进行混纺,其中间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀状态搭叠加入混纺,使之混纺成单层纱布;
其中混纺作业时的经、纬线之间的角度为60°-120°;
其中混纺而成的单层纱布的厚度为0.01-0.5㎜;
步骤四:将混纺而成的单层纱布层叠,且在单层纱布之间填充胶黏剂;
其中单层纱布之间胶黏剂的使用采用喷洒固体粉状胶黏剂粉剂或铺设固态薄膜状胶黏剂;
其中单层纱布之间的层叠数量不少于两层。
步骤五:用热辊或热平板热压复合,复合成成品防刺防弹片。
实施例1:
在进行防刺防弹布片的制作时,首先取总体质量比例为4.2:1:0.7:0.45:0.1的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝,其中纤维丝均依次通过双螺杆挤压机、纺丝箱、喷丝板、萃取、干燥、加热牵伸以及卷绕成型进行制备;
其中芳纶纤维采用比例为1:3的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和间位芳酰胺纤维短丝,且分别平均线径为42μm的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和平均线径为95μm的间位芳酰胺纤维短丝;
将聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀进行混纺,其中间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀状态搭叠加入混纺,使之混纺成单层纱布,混纺作业时的经、纬线之间的角度为60°,经测混纺而成的单层纱布厚度为0.13㎜;
将混纺而成的单层纱布层叠,且在单层纱布之间填充喷洒固体粉状胶黏剂粉剂;
单层纱布之间的层叠数量为三层,用热辊或热平板热压复合,复合成成品防刺防弹片,经测厚度为0.44㎜,环境适应性:低温-25±2℃,高温﹢60±5℃,灵活性高,质量密度为338g/㎡;
实施例2:
在进行防刺防弹布片的制作时,首先取总体质量比例为3.9:1:0.65:0.5:0.15的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝,其中纤维丝均依次通过双螺杆挤压机、纺丝箱、喷丝板、萃取、干燥、加热牵伸以及卷绕成型进行制备;
其中芳纶纤维采用比例为1.2:3的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和间位芳酰胺纤维短丝,且分别平均线径为38μm的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和平均线径为108μm的间位芳酰胺纤维短丝;
将聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀进行混纺,其中间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀状态搭叠加入混纺,使之混纺成单层纱布,混纺作业时的经、纬线之间的角度为60°,经测混纺而成的单层纱布厚度为0.11㎜;
将混纺而成的单层纱布层叠,且在单层纱布之间填充喷洒固体粉状胶黏剂粉剂;
单层纱布之间的层叠数量为二十层,用热辊或热平板热压复合,复合成成品防刺防弹片,经测厚度为2.69㎜,环境适应性:低温-28±2℃,高温﹢62±3℃,灵活性优良,质量密度为2019g/㎡。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片,其特征在于:
所述防刺防弹布片经由超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维等高性能纤维以及少量的弹性体纤维纺织复合而成;
其中所述弹性体纤维采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
其中所述超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间的总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片,其特征在于:所述芳纶纤维为线径为10~50μm的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和线径为80~120μm的间位芳酰胺纤维短丝,同时所述纤维长丝和纤维短丝之间的比例为0.8~1.3:3。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀混纺,且所述间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀搭叠加入混纺。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法包括以下步骤;
步骤一:取总体质量比例为3.6~4.5:1:0.6~0.75:0.35~0.55:0.1~0.15的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、芳纶、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及少量的聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维丝;
步骤二:其中步骤一种芳纶纤维采用比例为0.8~1.3:3的间位芳酰胺纤维长丝和间位芳酰胺纤维短丝;
步骤三:将聚乙烯纤维、间位芳酰胺纤维长丝、碳纤维、PBO纤维以及弹性体纤维之间均匀进行混纺,其中间位芳酰胺纤维短丝呈不均匀状态搭叠加入混纺,使之混纺成单层纱布;
步骤四:将混纺而成的单层纱布层叠,且在单层纱布之间填充胶黏剂;
步骤五:用热辊或热平板热压复合,复合成成品防刺防弹片。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二中混纺作业时的经、纬线之间的角度为60°-120°。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤三中混纺而成的单层纱布的厚度约为0.01-0.5㎜。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中单层纱布之间胶黏剂的使用采用喷洒固体粉状胶黏剂粉剂或铺设固态薄膜状胶黏剂。
8.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合多层的防刺防弹布片的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中单层纱布之间的层叠数量不少于两层。
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