CN113372645A - 一种eva发泡塑料再生造粒方法 - Google Patents
一种eva发泡塑料再生造粒方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113372645A CN113372645A CN202110699261.7A CN202110699261A CN113372645A CN 113372645 A CN113372645 A CN 113372645A CN 202110699261 A CN202110699261 A CN 202110699261A CN 113372645 A CN113372645 A CN 113372645A
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- Prior art keywords
- eva
- particles
- banburying
- foamed plastic
- micro powder
- Prior art date
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- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 102
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 title abstract description 102
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 102
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,涉及塑料回收再生技术领域。本发明通过在EVA废料的前处理中加入酸性离子液体,将颗粒中的金属及其他杂质完全除去,通过加入EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,提高产品硬度和抗菌性;本发明将原料分成两次密炼,两次密炼之间还设有研磨步骤,提高各原料混炼的均匀性,提高产品结构的致密性。本发明的方法环保无污染,能够有效保证所得再生产品的质量,对环境和资源再利用了做出贡献,经济效益显著,可大规模生产应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料回收再生技术领域,尤其涉及一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法。
背景技术
塑料作为全球使用最为广泛的材料之一,在人们的生活当中被越来越多的使用。塑料材料在人类社会与生产生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用,随之而来的废弃塑料的污染也十分严重,不仅带来日益严重的环境污染问题,同时也造成了大量的资源浪费。目前,大多数废塑料没有得到有效循环利用,而废塑料的资源化回收再利用技术在此情况下也越来越引起人们的重视,一方面,废塑料的循环使用可以减少石油或生物基原材料的消耗,带来资源节约效益,另一方面,与利用石油生产原生塑料相比,利用废塑料生产再生塑料具有降低能耗和减少二氧化碳排放的环境效益。
现有的回收方法包括磨粉,点火抽粒。磨粉方式因未解交联,材料利用价值低,点火抽粒方式产生大量烟雾,对环境不利,生产颗粒因点火高温热降解,材料的物理性质极差,利用价值不高。为此,专利CN112852049A提出了一种EVA发泡鞋底再生颗粒的生产工艺,通过破碎、混料、搅拌、炼料、挤压成型等步骤,能够在不产生大量烟雾的条件下完成了交联和退发泡的过程,能够保证在对其进行加工的时候,能够有效的避免对空气造成污染。但是其未对EVA不良品进行前处理,也没有对产品的硬度和抗菌性进行改进。因此,再生后塑料制品的品质有所下降,工业应用不够满意,对其再利用的范围及领域有一定的限制作用。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少克服上述现有技术的缺点与不足其中之一,提供一种可回收利用EVA发泡塑料废料制备高强度EVA塑胶粒的方法。本发明目的基于以下技术方案实现:
本发明提供了一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗、清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,烘干,得到EVA颗粒;所述酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸30~50份、盐酸10~30份、酸性离子液体2~10份、水60~100份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为30~60℃;
S3、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量10~30%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温搅拌,然后加入热塑性弹性体、解交联剂一起进行密炼;
S4、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料进行研磨,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S5、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂和流动助剂,进行二次密炼,出料;
S6、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
本发明通过在EVA废料的前处理中加入酸性离子液体,将颗粒中的金属及其他杂质完全除去,与超声清洗方式结合,消除了金属等杂质对工艺过程带来的不利影响,最终提高了产品的性能。通过加入EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,将无机微粉改性后加入EVA胶粒中共同进行发泡,提高了改性无机微粒在EVA胶粒中的分散性,获得均匀一致的复合物,有利于提高产品的综合性能;改性无机微粒的加入,还在EVA材料内产生了更多的陷阱,这些陷阱在电极-电介质的界面附近捕获注入电荷,降低了局部电场,同时阻碍载流子的移动,从而使所得产品的抗静电性能提高,提升了产品性能。本发明将原料分成两次密炼,两次密炼之间还设有研磨步骤,提高各原料混炼的均匀性,提高产品结构的致密性。本发明通过各步骤协同作用,提高了所得产品的综合性能,所得产品的色泽均匀一致,硬度和抗菌性良好。
优选地,步骤S2中所述酸性离子液体的阳离子包括磺丙基三乙胺阳离子和/或黄丁基三乙胺阳离子,阴离子包括四氟硼酸、硫酸、盐酸、磷酸、硝酸、三氟甲基磺酸或六氟盐酸阴离子中的一种或多种。
优选地,步骤S2中所述超声清洗的时间为30~60min,所述烘干的温度为50~100℃。
优选地,所述EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物的制备方法包括:
S31、将无机微粉、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;
S32、将硅烷偶联剂、pH调节剂加入复合乳液中,50~100℃下搅拌1~3h,冷却后过滤,得到改性无机微粉;
S33、将EVA胶粒和改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物。
无机微粉经过改性后,能够改善其抗氧化效果,提高抗菌性;同时提高无机微粉与EVA塑料的相容性,使无机微粉均匀分散在产品中,提高产品硬度,保证产品质量。
优选地,步骤S3中所述改性无机微粉中的无机微粉包括硅微粉、氧化石墨烯、氧化镁、氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化铈、氮化硅中的一种或多种。
优选地,步骤S3中所述热塑性弹性体包括SBS、SEBS和EPDM中的一种或多种,所述解交联剂包括硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌和白矿油。
优选地,步骤S3中所述加温搅拌的温度为70~100℃,时间为10~30min;所述密炼的温度为90~110℃,时间为8~15min。
优选地,步骤S4中所述研磨通过研磨机进行研磨,温度为80~100℃。
优选地,步骤S5中所述抗菌剂包括纳米二氧化钛、壳聚糖、磺化壳聚糖中的一种或多种。抗菌剂可以提高产品的抗氧化效果,从而提高抗菌效果,防止外界细菌对于自身的氧化腐蚀,其中纳米二氧化钛还能够提高产品的光洁度。
优选地,步骤S5中所述二次密炼的温度为100~120℃,时间为8~15min。
本发明可至少取得如下有益效果其中之一:
本发明通过在EVA废料的前处理中加入酸性离子液体,将颗粒中的金属及其他杂质完全除去,消除了金属等杂质对工艺过程带来的不利影响,最终提高了产品的性能。通过加入EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,将无机微粉改性后加入EVA胶粒中共同进行发泡,提高了改性无机微粒在EVA胶粒中的分散性,获得均匀一致的复合物,有利于提高产品的综合性能;改性无机微粒的加入,还提高了所得产品的抗静电性能。本发明将原料分成两次密炼,两次密炼之间还设有研磨步骤,有利于提高各原料混炼的均匀性,最终提高产品结构的致密性。本发明通过各步骤协同作用,提高了所得产品的综合性能,所得产品的色泽均匀一致,硬度和抗菌性良好。
本发明的方法环保无污染,再生过程中不会产生大量烟雾,前处理所使用的酸溶液可重复利用。本发明能够有效保证所得再生产品的质量,可应用于再次发泡鞋底、注塑、塑胶跑道、体育场充草颗粒等领域,对环境和资源再利用了做出贡献,经济效益显著,可大规模生产应用。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明的实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明以下优选实施例所用试剂及仪器均为市售,出料使用挤出机。以下实施例中,复合乳液的制备中无机微粉与水的质量比为1:50,硬脂酸盐、钛酸钾晶须、硅烷偶联剂与复合乳液的质量比为1:1:3:100。发泡剂为偶氮二甲酰胺AC,用量为EVA胶粒质量的8wt%。如无特殊说明,文中其他原料的百分比用量为占EVA颗粒的质量百分比。
实施例1
一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗30min,然后清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,50℃烘干,得到EVA颗粒;其中,酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸50份、盐酸10份、酸性离子液体磺丙基三乙胺四氟硼酸盐2份、水100份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为30℃;
S3、将硅微粉、氧化石墨烯(质量比1:1)、硬脂酸钠和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;将硅烷偶联剂A151、pH调节剂(柠檬酸或碳酸钾)加入复合乳液中,调节复合乳液的pH呈中性,在50℃下搅拌3h,冷却后过滤、干燥,得到改性无机微粉;将EVA胶粒和占EVA胶粒5wt%的改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物;
S4、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量10wt%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温至70℃搅拌30min,然后加入热塑性弹性体SBS 5wt%、硬脂酸2.5wt%、硬脂酸锌2wt%和白矿油2wt%一起进行密炼,密炼的温度为90℃,时间为15min;
S5、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料使用三辊研磨机进行研磨,研磨温度为80~100℃,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S6、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂纳米二氧化钛2.5wt%和EVA流动助剂2.5wt%,进行二次密炼,二次密炼的温度为100℃,时间为15min,出料;
S7、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
实施例2
一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗60min,然后清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,100℃烘干,得到EVA颗粒;所述酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸30份、盐酸30份、酸性离子液体磺丙基三乙胺硫酸盐10份、水100份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为60℃;
S3、将无机微粉氧化镁、氮化硅(质量比1:1)、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;将硅烷偶联剂A151、pH调节剂(柠檬酸或碳酸钾)加入复合乳液中,调节复合乳液的pH呈中性,在100℃下搅拌1h,冷却后过滤、干燥,得到改性无机微粉;将EVA胶粒和占EVA胶粒15wt%的改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物;
S4、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量30wt%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温温度为100℃,搅拌时间为10min,然后加入热塑性弹性体SEBS5wt%、硬脂酸2.5wt%、硬脂酸锌2wt%和白矿油2wt%一起进行密炼,密炼的温度为110℃,时间为8min;
S5、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料使用三辊研磨机进行研磨,研磨温度为100℃,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S6、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂壳聚糖2.5wt%和EVA流动助剂2.5wt%,进行二次密炼,二次密炼的温度为120℃,时间为8min,出料;
S7、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
实施例3
一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗40min,然后清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,60℃烘干,得到EVA颗粒;所述酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸35份、盐酸15份、酸性离子液体磺丙基三乙胺磷酸盐5份、水75份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为50℃;
S3、将无机微粉氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锌(质量比1:1:1)、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;将硅烷偶联剂A171、pH调节剂(柠檬酸或碳酸钾)加入复合乳液中,调节复合乳液的pH呈中性,在60℃下搅拌3h,冷却后过滤、干燥,得到改性无机微粉;将EVA胶粒和占EVA胶粒20wt%的改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物;
S4、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量15%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温温度为80℃,搅拌时间为20min,然后加入热塑性弹性体EPDM5wt%、硬脂酸2.5wt%、硬脂酸锌2wt%和白矿油2wt%一起进行密炼,密炼的温度为100℃,时间为13min;S5、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料使用三辊研磨机进行研磨,研磨温度为90℃,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S6、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂磺化壳聚糖2.5wt%和EVA流动助剂2.5wt%,进行二次密炼,二次密炼的温度为110℃,时间为10min,出料;
S7、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
实施例4
一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗50min,然后清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,80℃烘干,得到EVA颗粒;所述酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸40份、盐酸23份、酸性离子液体磺丙基三乙胺六氟盐酸盐8份、水100份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为50℃;
S3、将无机微粉硅微粉、氧化钛、氧化铈(质量比1:1:1)、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;将硅烷偶联剂A172、pH调节剂(柠檬酸或碳酸钾)加入复合乳液中,调节复合乳液的pH呈中性,在70℃下搅拌2h,冷却后过滤、干燥,得到改性无机微粉;将EVA胶粒和占EVA胶粒25wt%的改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物;
S4、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量25%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温温度为90℃,搅拌时间为15min,然后加入热塑性弹性体SBS 2.5wt%、SEBS 2.5wt%、硬脂酸2.5wt%、硬脂酸锌2wt%和白矿油2wt%一起进行密炼,密炼的温度为105℃,时间为10min;S5、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料使用三辊研磨机进行研磨,研磨温度为85℃,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S6、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂纳米二氧化钛1wt%、壳聚糖1.5wt%和EVA流动助剂2.5wt%,进行二次密炼,二次密炼的温度为115℃,时间为12min,出料;
S6、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
实施例5
一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗、超声清洗的时间为30~60min,然后清水清洗,除去颗粒中的金属及其他杂质,50~100℃烘干,得到EVA颗粒;其中,酸溶液以下重量份的原料:包括硫酸42份、盐酸20份、酸性离子液体黄丁基三乙胺三氟甲基磺酸盐6份、水90份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为45℃;
S3、将无机微粉氧化石墨烯、氧化镁、氧化锌(质量比1:1:1)、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;将硅烷偶联剂A171、pH调节剂(柠檬酸或碳酸钾)加入复合乳液中,调节复合乳液的pH呈中性,在80℃下搅拌2h,冷却后过滤、干燥,得到改性无机微粉;将EVA胶粒和占EVA胶粒18wt%的改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物;
S4、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量18%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温温度为85℃,搅拌时间为18min,然后加入热塑性弹性体SEBS 2.5wt%、EPDM 2.5wt%、硬脂酸2.5wt%、硬脂酸锌2wt%和白矿油2wt%一起进行密炼,密炼的温度为98℃,时间为10min;S5、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料使用三辊研磨机进行研磨,研磨温度为90℃,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S6、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂纳米二氧化钛1.5wt%、磺化壳聚糖1wt%和EVA流动助剂2.5wt%,进行二次密炼,二次密炼的温度为110℃,时间为9min,出料;
S7、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
对比例1
将EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物替换成EVA发泡塑料和改性无机微粉分开加入,其余同实施例5。
对比例2
将EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物替换成同等质量的EVA发泡塑料,其余同实施例5。
对比例3
无机微粉不改性,将EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物替换成EVA发泡塑料和无机微粉分开加入,其余同实施例5。
对比例4
将酸性离子液体去除,其余同实施例5。
对比例5
去除步骤S5,只进行一次密炼,将所有原料一次性加入,密炼的温度为110℃,时间为19min,其余同实施例5。
将实施例1~5和对比例1~5所得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒进行检测,检测项目包括色差、硬度和抗菌性,结果列于表1。其中,硬度测试方法为使用7.5MPa的压力对产品进行处理,观察产品性状变化;抗菌性测试方法为将产品置于50℃下处理48h,观察产品性状变化。
表1
色差 | 硬度(7.5MPa) | 抗菌性(50℃/48h) | |
实施例1 | 无 | 无损坏 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
实施例2 | 无 | 无损坏 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
实施例3 | 无 | 无损坏 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
实施例4 | 无 | 无损坏 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
实施例5 | 无 | 无损坏 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
对比例1 | 无 | 轻微裂纹与变形 | 表面无变形与氧化 |
对比例2 | 无 | 少量裂纹与变形 | 表面轻微变形,无氧化 |
对比例3 | 无 | 轻微裂纹与变形 | 表面少量变形与氧化 |
对比例4 | 轻微 | 轻微裂纹与变形 | 表面轻微变形,无氧化 |
对比例5 | 少量 | 轻微裂纹与变形 | 表面轻微变形与氧化 |
注:性能影响程度用词中,轻微<少量。
由表1数据可知,本发明所得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒具有较高的硬度和抗菌性,防止外界细菌对于产品自身的氧化腐蚀,产品颜色均匀一致、无色差。与对比例1~3相比,EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物中改性无机微粉(对比例2)、无机微粉的加入方式(对比例1)及改性处理(对比例3)均对产品的硬度有影响,其中不加入改性无机微粉对硬度影响较大;无机微粉的加入方式和改性处理对产品的抗菌性有影响,在发泡步骤之前加入改性无机微粉可以获得较高的抗菌性;与对比例4相比,发现前处理中不加入酸性离子液体,无法将颗粒中的金属及其他杂质完全去除,最终对产品的色泽、硬度和抗菌性均有一定影响;与对比例5相比,发现一次密炼所得产品的色泽、硬度和抗菌性均较差,这可能是由于各原料混炼不完全,影响了产品结构的一致性。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、破碎:将废弃的EVA发泡塑料破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒;
S2、前处理:将步骤S1破碎好的颗粒依次用酸溶液超声清洗、清水清洗、烘干,得到EVA颗粒;所述酸溶液包括以下重量份的原料:硫酸30~50份、盐酸10~30份、酸性离子液体2~10份、水60~100份,所述酸溶液超声清洗的温度为30~60℃;
S3、一次密炼:将EVA颗粒送入密炼炉,加入EVA颗粒质量10~30%的EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物,加温搅拌,然后加入热塑性弹性体、解交联剂一起进行密炼;
S4、研磨:对一次密炼后的混合料进行研磨,然后排料至密炼炉中;
S5、二次密炼:加入抗菌剂和流动助剂,进行二次密炼,出料;
S6、冷却成型,造粒,制得EVA发泡塑料再生颗粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述酸性离子液体的阳离子包括磺丙基三乙胺阳离子和/或黄丁基三乙胺阳离子,阴离子包括四氟硼酸、硫酸、盐酸、磷酸、硝酸、三氟甲基磺酸或六氟盐酸阴离子中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述超声清洗的时间为30~60min,所述烘干的温度为50~100℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,所述EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物的制备方法包括:
S31、将无机微粉、硬脂酸盐和钛酸钾晶须分散在水中,形成复合乳液;
S32、将硅烷偶联剂、pH调节剂加入复合乳液中,50~100℃下搅拌1~3h,冷却后过滤,得到改性无机微粉;
S33、将EVA胶粒和改性无机微粉混合,加入发泡剂,加热加压发泡,然后破碎成粒径≤5mm的颗粒,得到EVA包覆改性无机微粉复合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述改性无机微粉中的无机微粉包括硅微粉、氧化石墨烯、氧化镁、氧化钙、氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化钛、氧化铈、氮化硅中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述热塑性弹性体包括SBS、SEBS和EPDM中的一种或多种,所述解交联剂包括硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌和白矿油。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述加温搅拌的温度为70~100℃,时间为10~30min;所述密炼的温度为90~110℃,时间为8~15min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S4中所述研磨通过研磨机进行研磨,温度为80~100℃。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中所述抗菌剂包括纳米二氧化钛、壳聚糖、磺化壳聚糖中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种EVA发泡塑料再生造粒方法,其特征在于,步骤S5中所述二次密炼的温度为100~120℃,时间为8~15min。
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