CN113368415B

CN113368415B - Well-barrel type fireproof safety passage

Info

Publication number: CN113368415B
Application number: CN202110409711.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘兆明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2022-07-19
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-15
Also published as: CN113368415A

Abstract

A shaft type fireproof safety channel comprises a bottom fireproof channel and a plurality of floor fireproof channels vertically arranged and fixed at the top of the bottom fireproof channel, the bottom fireproof passage and the floor fireproof passage respectively comprise a bottom plate, a vertically arranged toughened glass layer is arranged on the front side of the bottom plate, a vertically arranged rear plate is arranged on the rear side of the bottom plate, vertically arranged side plates are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate, an escape opening is arranged on each side plate, a ladder stand is further arranged on one side plate, an escape hole is also arranged on the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the ladder stand, an escape door is arranged on the toughened glass layer of the bottom fireproof passage, a fire-fighting equipment box is arranged on the rear plate, the position corresponding to the fire-fighting equipment box is provided with a communicating hole on the bottom plate, a connecting pipe is arranged between the adjacent fire-fighting equipment boxes, and the bottom of the fire-fighting equipment box in the bottom fireproof channel is connected with a main water inlet pipe.

Description

Well-barrel type fireproof safety channel

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire-fighting facilities, in particular to a shaft type fireproof safety channel.

Background

When a fire disaster occurs in a building at present, besides the situation of waiting for rescue, trapped people can evacuate by themselves through a safety passage such as a stair, but evacuation from the inside of the building is difficult under the conditions of serious fire disaster and diffused smoke, particularly under the condition of being trapped indoors, the trapped people cannot enter the safety passage and do not have an additional escape passage, the trapped people are difficult to escape from the building with the fire disaster, and if the time for waiting for rescue is too long, the immeasurable loss can be generated finally.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shaft type fireproof safety channel which is formed by vertically installing and fixing a bottom fireproof channel and a plurality of floor fireproof channels at the top of the bottom fireproof channel, is arranged at the outer side of a building and is communicated with the indoor space of the building to form an escape channel outside a floor, is convenient for trapped people to escape or safely wait for rescue, and solves the problems in the prior art. The shaft type fireproof safety channel can also be directly integrated with the whole building construction into a whole, so that the shaft type fireproof safety channel is safer and more convenient when a fire disaster occurs.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a shaft type fireproof safety passage, which comprises a bottom fireproof passage and a plurality of floor fireproof passages vertically arranged and fixed at the top of the bottom fireproof passage, wherein each of the bottom fireproof passage and the floor fireproof passages comprises a bottom plate, a vertically arranged toughened glass layer is arranged on the front side of the bottom plate, a vertically arranged rear plate is arranged on the rear side of the bottom plate, vertically arranged side plates are arranged at the two sides of the bottom plate, an escape opening is arranged on each side plate, a ladder stand is further arranged on one side plate, an escape hole is further formed in the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the ladder stand, an escape door is arranged on the toughened glass layer of the bottom fireproof passage, a fire-fighting equipment box is arranged on the rear plate, a communicating hole is formed in the bottom plate corresponding to the position of the fire-fighting equipment box, a connecting pipe is arranged between the adjacent fire-fighting equipment boxes, and a main water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the fire-fighting equipment box in the bottom fireproof passage, the fire door is installed on the hole of fleing in the floor fire protection passageway, and the one end of preventing fire door articulates on the bottom plate, and the handle is installed to the upside of preventing the fire door other end. Firm connecting device is all installed between adjacent bottom fire protection passageway and the floor fire protection passageway, between two adjacent floor fire protection passageways, firm connecting device is including setting up two sets of spacing bulge loops on every curb plate, set up on the bottom plate with spacing bulge loop matched with spacing recess, be equipped with the antithetical couplet groove between two spacing recesses with one side, the linkage inslot cooperation is installed and is connected the reinforcing bar, connecting bar passes two sets of spacing bulge loops, and connecting bar's tip is equipped with the double-screw bolt, still installs the swivel nut in the spacing recess that is close to toughened glass layer one side, the swivel nut cooperatees with the double-screw bolt, and connecting bar can enter into spacing recess and UNICOM inslot via the swivel nut. The fireproof door is provided with a one-way opening device, the one-way opening device comprises a chute arranged in the handle, an unlocking slide block is arranged in the chute in a matching way, two ends of the unlocking slide block are both connected with a locking device through a steel wire rope, the locking device comprises a mounting groove arranged on the fireproof door, a locking pin is arranged in the mounting groove in a matching way, one end of the locking pin extending out of the mounting groove is provided with an inclined surface, a locking hole matched with the inclined plane is arranged on the bottom plate, a convex edge is also arranged on the periphery of the locking pin, a spring is sleeved on the periphery of the locking pin at one end of the convex edge far away from the inclined plane, the spring always has the tendency of leading the locking pin to enter the locking hole, one end of the locking pin positioned in the fireproof door is connected with a steel wire rope, the steel wire rope is connected with the unlocking sliding block by bypassing the pulley, and when the unlocking sliding block moves upwards, the steel wire rope can overcome the elasticity of the spring to separate one end of the inclined surface of the locking pin from the locking hole. The shaft type fireproof safety channel can also be directly integrated with the whole building construction into a whole, so that the shaft type fireproof safety channel is safer and more convenient when a fire disaster occurs.

The invention has the positive effects that: the shaft type fireproof safety passage is formed by vertically installing and fixing a bottom fireproof passage and a plurality of floor fireproof passages at the top of the bottom fireproof passage, is arranged on the outer side of a building and is communicated with the indoor space of the building to form escape passages outside the floors, so that the escape passages do not occupy the internal space of the building.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an installation schematic of the present invention; (dotted line in the figure indicates balcony)

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bottom fire chute;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fire protection shaft of a floor;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an unassembled fire protection system with a secure connection between adjacent fire protection tunnels;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the connection device assembly between adjacent fire rated ducts;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;

figure 7 is a schematic view of a one-way opening device mounted on a fire door;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial view of I of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention installed on a building;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the present invention integrated with the building construction.

Detailed Description

The shaft type fireproof safety passage comprises a bottom fireproof passage 1 and a plurality of floor fireproof passages 2 vertically installed and fixed at the top of the bottom fireproof passage 1, wherein the bottom fireproof passage 1 and the floor fireproof passages 2 are both positioned on the outer side of a building wall and can be positioned between two adjacent balconies of a building resident, so that the bottom fireproof passage 1 and the floor fireproof passages 2 are respectively communicated with indoor spaces of respective floors to form an escape passage on the outer side of the building wall, and once a fire disaster occurs in the building, trapped people can enter the fireproof passages to escape or safely wait for rescue.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bottom fire-proof passage 1 and the floor fire-proof passage 2 may be prefabricated building units, or may be shaft-type fire-proof safe passages which can be integrally constructed with the building integral building. All including bottom plate 3, toughened glass layer 4 of vertical setting is installed to the front side of bottom plate 3, and the setting on toughened glass layer 4 not only is favorable to the daylighting in bottom fire protection passageway 1 and the floor fire protection passageway 2, also can be when the conflagration breaing out, and the rescue personnel of being convenient for carry out accurate rescue to the stranded personnel inside the fire protection passageway. The rear plate 5 of vertical setting is installed to the rear side of bottom plate 3, can install on the rear plate 5 with wall body matched with connection structure or connect the built-in fitting to realize the installation of bottom fire protection passageway 1 and floor fire protection passageway 2 in the building wall body outside. The shaft type fireproof safety channel can also be directly integrated with the whole building construction of the building, so that the shaft type fireproof safety channel is safer and more convenient when a fire disaster happens.

The curb plate 6 of vertical setting is all installed to the both sides position department of bottom plate 3, all install escape opening 7 on every curb plate 6, escape opening 7 communicates with the balcony of one side resident family separately respectively, when the indoor conflagration that breaks out of resident family, stranded personnel can be followed from pounding glass from the balcony department of oneself, and enter into floor fire protection passageway 2 via escape opening 7 in, later can select the gradual layer by layer to descend in fire protection passageway by oneself, or can break up the balcony of next door resident family by escape opening 7 of opposite side because the unable gradual layer by layer decline of emergency, enter into the indoor of opposite side not having the conflagration of taking place and flee. A ladder 8 is further installed on one side plate 6, an escape hole 9 is further formed in the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the position of the ladder 8, and an escape door 10 is installed on the toughened glass layer 4 of the bottom fireproof passage 1, so that self-rescue personnel in the fireproof passages of all floors can descend layer by layer and finally escape from a building with a fire through the escape door 10. The escape opening 7 can be an escape window or an escape door, and a window or a door, preferably an escape door, corresponding to the escape opening is arranged on a balcony of the resident, so that trapped people can escape in time.

In order to ensure the safety in the bottom fire passage 1 and the floor fire passage 2, the rear plate 5 is provided with a fire-fighting equipment box 32, a communicating hole 11 is arranged on the bottom plate 3 corresponding to the position of the fire-fighting equipment box 32, a connecting pipe 12 is arranged between the adjacent fire-fighting equipment boxes 32, the bottom of the fire-fighting equipment box 32 in the bottom fire passage 1 is connected with a main water inlet pipe 13, wherein the main water inlet pipe 13 can be connected into a fire-fighting water pipe network to realize the water supply of all the fire-fighting equipment boxes 32 in the whole fire passage so as to supply the water for fire fighting of each floor at any time, and various fire-fighting equipment such as a portable fire extinguisher and the like are also arranged in the fire-fighting equipment box 32 to provide the necessary requirements for fire self rescue for trapped people.

The arrangement of the escape hole 9 on the bottom plate 3 is to facilitate the descent of the trapped person in the fire-proof passage layer by layer, in order to avoid the trapped person waiting for rescue in the floor fire-proof passage 2 to fall from the escape hole 9 carelessly, a fire-proof door 16 is installed on the escape hole 9 in the floor fire-proof passage 2, one end of the fire-proof door 16 is hinged on the bottom plate 3, and a handle 17 is installed on the upper side of the other end of the fire-proof door 16. The escape hole 9 is closed by the fire door 16 in a normal state, and the fire door 16 is manually opened only when a trapped person needs to descend from the escape hole 9 to a fire passage of a next floor in the case of a fire.

Further, in order to realize the stable installation and fixation between the upper and lower fireproof channels, a stable connection device is installed between the adjacent bottom fireproof channel 1 and the floor fireproof channel 2 and between the two adjacent floor fireproof channels 2, as shown in fig. 4-6, the stable connection device comprises two groups of limiting convex rings 14 arranged on each side plate 6, a limiting groove 15 matched with the limiting convex rings 14 is arranged on the bottom plate 3, a communicating groove 18 is arranged between the two limiting grooves 15 on the same side, a connecting steel bar 19 is installed in the communicating groove 18 in a matching manner, and the connecting steel bar 19 passes through the two groups of limiting convex rings 14. The end part of the connecting steel bar 19 is provided with a stud 20, a threaded sleeve 21 is further arranged in the limiting groove 15 close to one side of the toughened glass layer 4, the threaded sleeve 21 is matched with the stud 20, and the connecting steel bar 19 can enter the limiting groove 15 and the communicating groove 18 through the threaded sleeve 21.

When above-mentioned device assembles, at first let the spacing bulge loop 14 on the spacing recess 15 alignment bottom fire protection passageway of upper fire protection passageway bottom, two-layer fire protection passageway is pegged graft mutually fixedly about making, later insert swivel nut 21 in proper order with the one end that connecting reinforcement 19 does not take double-screw bolt 20 again, spacing recess 15 and UNICOM groove 18, treat that connecting reinforcement 19 enters into UNICOM inslot 18 back, screw nut 21 is twisted to the double-screw bolt 20 cooperation again in, connecting reinforcement 19 all is located spacing bulge loop 14 inside this moment, form the firm connection between the upper and lower layer fire protection unit, relative displacement can avoid taking place between the fixed fire protection passageway of vertical installation in the setting of above-mentioned structure, guarantee whole fire protection passageway's security.

When a fire disaster occurs, due to the critical situation, trapped persons entering the fire protection passageway can climb upwards to escape due to confusion, but the best escape route of the fire disaster is to escape to a bottom layer area, and the possibility of being in danger when climbing upwards to escape is higher.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the unidirectional opening device includes a sliding groove 22 disposed inside the handle 17, an unlocking slide block 23 is installed in the sliding groove 22 in a matching manner, and two ends of the unlocking slide block 23 are both connected with a locking device through a steel wire rope 24. The locking device comprises a mounting groove 25 arranged on the fireproof door 16, a locking pin 26 is arranged in the mounting groove 25 in a matching manner, an inclined surface 27 is arranged at one end of the locking pin 26 extending out of the mounting groove 25, and a locking hole 28 matched with the inclined surface 27 is arranged on the bottom plate 3. The periphery of the locking pin 26 is also provided with a convex edge 29, the periphery of the locking pin 26 at one end of the convex edge 29 away from the inclined surface 27 is sleeved with a spring 30, and the spring 30 always has a tendency that the locking pin 26 enters the locking hole 28. One end of a locking pin 26 positioned inside the fireproof door 16 is connected with a wire rope 24, the wire rope 24 is connected with an unlocking slide block 23 by bypassing a pulley 31, and when the unlocking slide block 23 moves upwards, one end of a slope 27 of the locking pin 26 can be separated from a locking hole 28 by overcoming the elastic force of a spring 30. The inclined surface 27 is provided such that the locking pin 26 compresses the spring 30 during rotation and then protrudes into the locking hole 28 without hindering the normal closing of the fire door 16 when the fire door 16 is rotated to close the escape aperture 9.

Under the ordinary state, the escape hole 9 is sealed by the fireproof door 16, the locking pin 26 in the locking device is positioned in the locking hole 28 under the acting force of the spring 30, the connection and fixation between the fireproof door 16 and the bottom plate 3 are realized, the escape personnel on the bottom layer cannot open the fireproof door 16 on the upper layer, and when the escape personnel on the layer need to open the fireproof door 16 to the lower layer for escaping, only the handle 17 and the unlocking slider 23 need to be held by hand, the unlocking slider 23 is pulled to move upwards, the unlocking slider 23 synchronously drives the steel wire ropes 24 on the two sides to move upwards, the locking pins 26 on the respective side can be respectively pulled to compress the spring 30 and exit the locking hole 28 through the steering of the pulley 31, at the moment, the unlocking of the locking device in the fireproof door 16 is completed, the handle 17 can be pulled to rotate the fireproof door 16 to open, and the subsequent descending and layer-by-layer escape is facilitated.

Well barrel type fireproof safety channel has the following practical values, safety factors and advantages: if all high buildings are built, the shaft type fireproof safety channel is built, and the staircase safety channel is added to form double insurance, so that residents can live more safely, and the fire escape is not risked. The building with double insurance can also sell a high price at the room price. There is double insurance's building, when the conflagration breaing out, stranded personnel are close or convenient and fast from which in these two passageways, just run that passageway, and the well barrel is safer than stair, if the conflagration is big, burns out the door, and the stair passageway can produce huge dense smoke in the twinkling of an eye, and the stair passageway is like a big chimney, and the dense smoke can be submerged whole corridor along with the trend of the people's wind, if the people run and can let the people die by suffocation at once in the corridor. On the contrary, the shaft type fire door cannot be used, when a fire disaster happens, the fire door instantly runs into the shaft and is closed, no risk exists as long as the fire door enters the shaft type fire door, and no risk exists because the shaft type fire door is vertical, horizontal, four-way and eight-way. The pulley can be installed at the top end of the shaft type fireproof safety channel, the shaft type fireproof safety channel with the pulley can play the advantages of the shaft type fireproof safety channel when a fire-fighting aerial ladder cannot reach the high-rise building, a fire-fighting spray belt can be lifted to a fire floor in the moment, a fireman can quickly grasp the tongs in the shaft type fireproof safety channel to climb to the fire floor to enter a balcony for fire fighting, the speed is high, the time and the physical strength are saved, the difficulty and the time for rescuing the fireman are reduced, and the difficulty for rescuing the high-rise building is also reduced. If the fire fighter walks on the stairs, the fire fighter cannot walk on the stairs at all, if the fire fighter walks on a high floor with dozens of floors, the fire fighter consumes excessive physical strength, material resources and manpower, and a plurality of spraying belts are needed on one floor. An induction lamp can be installed in each layer of space in the shaft type inner space, so that the induction lamp is inconvenient to enter when a fire disaster happens at night. If the elevator is damaged, a high-rise resident takes heavy objects home and climbs stairs slowly, and the pulley at the top end of the shaft type fireproof safety passage can exert the advantages of the elevator at that time, so that the heavy objects can be quickly and conveniently hung to the resident home. How many fires should occur is not known every day in the world, and if this wellbore type is applied as quickly as possible, how many live lives should be saved every day. How many families to save. So that the tragedy of fire disability can not occur again. If this shaft-type fire-proof safety channel is adopted, it is adopted. It fills a gap in the building history or the fire fighting history. Brings great convenience to the fire-fighting industry and plays a decisive role in saving the fire casualties. The life of a person is only once, the life is heavier than that of Mount Taishan, and the life is more than a day. The life is valued, and the fire disaster tragedy is hopefully not to be reenacted in future. The shaft type fireproof safety channel is really an invention innovation, and can be said that no building with the design exists in the world. When a fire disaster happens, a resident runs into a shaft cylinder, even if dozens of layers are adopted, hundreds of layers of houses are adopted, escapers do not feel terrorist, and the escaping people have baffles layer by layer and only have a space 2 meters higher than each layer. If each unit is pressed with a small rotary crane above the shaft fire safety passageway. The usage is more extensive, and practical value is higher, and conflagration has everyday, but the head of a family is not at home sometimes, leaves child at home, and child does not have safety awareness, can climb the balcony sometimes and be blocked in the balcony outside, unsettled outside. The house door and the shaft type fireproof wicket are locked, so that parents cannot catch up in an urgent time, the pulley plays a role in closing and building at the time, and the property owner immediately hangs up any person with the pulley to lift up to a balcony where the child goes out to save the child. Each unit is a small crane rotating in a shaft manner, and a fireproof safety channel is additionally arranged. It can be said to be triple-insurance. The double-insurance is changed into the triple-insurance, the high-rise rescue difficulty is solved no matter the high-rise and low-rise buildings are too old to reach by the high-rise fire control aerial ladder, the pulleys play an important role in rescue, the pulleys can be lifted to a fire balcony, and people can be lifted out of the balcony to be rescued instantly. When the high-rise and low-rise buildings are required to be cleaned, the glass wiper can wipe glass and the like, and a cleaner can be lifted to be freely cleaned in the air. If the highway and the building with the shaft type fireproof safe channels are built on two sides of the street, the shaft type building has practical value, and a vertical large-scale propaganda mouth number color flag and slogan can be hung on the shaft type building. It can also be used as large billboard or large TV screen. When the user is in festival or celebration, a string of small fluorescent lamps or fluorescent rods is pressed on the well barrel, and the lamp is waned to be bright five colors and beautiful and bright every night.

The shaft-cylinder-type fireproof safety channel can be installed at the later stage of the outer side of a floor, and can also be assembled and prefabricated together when the floor is built, and the shaft-cylinder-type fireproof safety channel is fixedly connected to a building and is fixedly connected with the building into a whole. Window type safety entrances can be reserved on two sides of each layer of the shaft type fireproof safety passage, and small door safety entrances can also be reserved. The well type channel is mainly built into a whole by taking the building as a pair, and is mainly directly built out in a one-time integration manner, and the main part and the auxiliary part are matched, so that the two purposes are achieved. The method has novelty, creativity and practicability, and the design and construction scheme is absolutely absent in the construction history at home and abroad. It completely accords with three conditions, not only accords with three conditions, but also is high-value practicality. When building, it is built up together with the safety channel of stairs to form double insurance. Especially for high-rise buildings, when the fire-fighting aerial ladder is not high enough in sudden fire, the shaft-type fireproof safety passage solves the problem of fire fighting and rescue at high-rise buildings at home and abroad. The firemen can directly reach the fire scene for rescue from the shaft type fireproof safety channel. If all buildings are built in the future, the shaft type fireproof safety passage building design scheme is adopted, the problem of difficulty in high-rise fire fighting and rescue is solved, a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources are reduced for the country and fire departments, double insurance is formed by the shaft type fireproof safety passage and stairs, when a key breaks out a fire, people can rapidly enter the shaft type fireproof safety passage, escape safely up and down, left and right, and all around, and a countless number of live lives and countless families can be saved in the future. The life is more important than Taishan mountain, honors the life, valuables the life, and hopes that the disastrous fire tragedies in future are not recapitulated.

The shaft type fireproof safety channel has two purposes: the built building can be built additionally and is suitable for building. Secondly, when all new buildings are built in future, the shaft type fireproof safety channel is integrally built and is permanent with the buildings. The shaft type fireproof safety channel not only solves the problem of high-rise fire rescue, but also can escape in the first time and really save the live life. The invention has high value, permanence, stability and practicability. Wherein the building is that the installation is fixed.

The preferable design and construction scheme is that the shaft type fireproof safety channel and the building are integrally built. The shaft type fireproof safety channel has two functions, namely two purposes, namely that all buildings covered at present can be built if being suitable for the method. Secondly, the well type fireproof safety channel is mainly built for the future and the whole building. Has high value, durability, safety, stability and practicability.

The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A shaft type fireproof safety channel is characterized in that: comprises a bottom fireproof passage (1) and a plurality of floor fireproof passages (2) vertically installed and fixed at the top of the bottom fireproof passage (1), wherein the bottom fireproof passage (1) and the floor fireproof passages (2) both comprise a bottom plate (3), a vertically arranged toughened glass layer (4) is installed at the front side of the bottom plate (3), a vertically arranged rear plate (5) is installed at the rear side of the bottom plate (3), vertically arranged side plates (6) are installed at the positions of the two sides of the bottom plate (3), an escape opening (7) is installed on each side plate (6), a ladder stand (8) is also installed on one side plate (6), an escape hole (9) is also formed in the bottom plate (3) corresponding to the position of the ladder stand (8), an escape door (10) is installed on the toughened glass layer (4) of the bottom fireproof passage (1), and a fire-fighting equipment box (32) is installed on the rear plate (5), a communicating hole (11) is formed in the bottom plate (3) corresponding to the position of the fire-fighting equipment box (32), a connecting pipe (12) is installed between the adjacent fire-fighting equipment boxes (32), the bottom of the fire-fighting equipment box (32) in the bottom fire-fighting passage (1) is connected with a main water inlet pipe (13), a fire door (16) is installed on an escape hole (9) in the floor fire-fighting passage (2), one end of the fire door (16) is hinged on the bottom plate (3), a handle (17) is installed on the upper side of the other end of the fire door (16), a stable connecting device is installed between the adjacent bottom fire-fighting passage (1) and the floor fire-fighting passage (2) and between the adjacent two floor fire-fighting passages (2), the stable connecting device comprises two groups of limiting convex rings (14) arranged on each side plate (6), a limiting groove (15) matched with the limiting convex rings (14) is formed in the bottom plate (3), a communicating groove (18) is arranged between the two limiting grooves (15) on the same side, a connecting reinforcing steel bar (19) is installed in the communicating groove (18) in a matched mode, the connecting reinforcing steel bar (19) penetrates through the two groups of limiting convex rings (14), a stud (20) is arranged at the end portion of the connecting reinforcing steel bar (19), a threaded sleeve (21) is further installed in the limiting groove (15) close to one side of the toughened glass layer (4), the threaded sleeve (21) is matched with the stud (20), the connecting reinforcing steel bar (19) can enter the limiting groove (15) and the communicating groove (18) through the threaded sleeve (21), a one-way opening device is installed on the fireproof door (16) and comprises a sliding groove (22) formed in the handle (17), an unlocking sliding block (23) is installed in the sliding groove (22) in a matched mode, two ends of the unlocking sliding block (23) are connected with a locking device through a steel wire rope (24), and the locking device comprises a mounting groove (25) formed in the fireproof door (16), a locking pin (26) is arranged in the mounting groove (25) in a matching way, an inclined plane (27) is arranged at one end of the locking pin (26) extending out of the mounting groove (25), a locking hole (28) matched with the inclined plane (27) is arranged on the bottom plate (3), a convex edge (29) is further arranged on the periphery of the locking pin (26), a spring (30) is sleeved on the periphery of the locking pin (26) at one end of the convex edge (29) far away from the inclined plane (27), the spring (30) always has the tendency that the locking pin (26) enters the locking hole (28), one end of the locking pin (26) positioned inside the fireproof door (16) is connected with a steel wire rope (24), the steel wire rope (24) bypasses the pulley (31) to be connected with the unlocking slide block (23), and when the unlocking slide block (23) moves upwards, one end of the inclined surface (27) of the locking pin (26) can be separated from the locking hole (28) by overcoming the elastic force of the spring (30).