CN113354425B - 一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料 - Google Patents

一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料 Download PDF

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CN113354425B
CN113354425B CN202110708709.7A CN202110708709A CN113354425B CN 113354425 B CN113354425 B CN 113354425B CN 202110708709 A CN202110708709 A CN 202110708709A CN 113354425 B CN113354425 B CN 113354425B
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刘会永
丛培源
胡进
项冰
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China First Metallurgical Group Co Ltd
Wuhan Research Institute of Metallurgical Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其组成按质量百分数计如下莫来石骨料50~65wt%,70高铝粉16~25wt%,α‑Al2O3微粉3~6wt%,石英粉2~6wt%、蓝晶石颗粒1~4wt%,增粘剂0.1~0.6wt%、固化剂0.5~2wt%,促进剂0.2~0.6wt%,改性快干硅溶胶10~13wt%。本发明以硅溶胶做为结合剂的半干法喷涂料,不带入低熔点的物质,保证了高温性能。在酸性环境中可促进硅溶胶硅氧烷键的缩聚反映,酸侵蚀后强度不仅不降低还可所提高,面层完好,并未出现被侵蚀的迹象,延长了热风炉的使用寿命。

Description

一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料。
背景技术
目前国内热风炉结构大多采用顶燃式,送风温度可达到1250~1300℃,其燃烧室位于热风炉的顶部区域,这就使得热风炉顶部温度较高,能达到1350℃以上。在实际生产过程中,炉顶内会形成大量氮氧化合物,当温度降低时与冷凝水结合形成酸性物质,对炉壳产生一种晶间应力腐蚀,造成炉壳受酸侵蚀变薄受损,严重时造成热风炉停产。因此炉壳内的耐火材料保护层就显得尤为关键,需要其具有强度高,不开裂,耐酸侵蚀性好,高温稳定性好,体积稳定的特性。目前该球顶部位特殊不适宜浇筑施工,一般普遍采用喷涂方式施工。而水泥结合喷涂料含大量CaO,在酸性条件下易与酸反应,侵蚀较严重,导致耐酸性较差,不适宜用于该部位。水玻璃结合喷涂料受酸侵蚀后强度会降低,且因含较多的Na2O,这些物质属于强助熔剂,导致喷涂料耐火度和荷重软化温度较低,影响材料高温性能,容易产生收缩裂纹、剥落使炉壳受到酸和高风温的侵蚀。
CN201410292677.7公开了一种热风炉穹顶硅莫红喷涂料,采用红柱石、莫来石和碳化硅为主要原料,增强了喷涂料的抗蠕变、低膨胀性和抗热震性能,体积稳定性好,高温热膨胀系数小,提高了热风炉使用寿命。但是采用铝酸盐水泥结合材料在酸性气氛环境下被侵蚀较为严重,表面溶蚀粉化,因此并不适用于酸性环境的热风炉拱顶。
CN201010536567.2公开了炼铁高炉热风炉用耐酸喷涂料组合物及其使用方法,采用酸性和半酸性原料添加各种外加剂,达到耐酸目的。但是添加了大量生粘土,降低了材料高温使用性能,且水玻璃结合材料在受到酸侵蚀后强度会降低。
CN200910060473.X公开用于酸性介质气氛工业炉内衬的高强耐酸耐磨喷涂料,采用大量废料做为原来来降低成本。但是使用硅酸盐水泥做结合剂,在酸性气氛环境下被侵蚀较为严重,表面溶蚀粉化,因此并不适用于酸性环境的热风炉拱顶。
CN201910753892.5公开了一种用于热风炉拱顶高温部位的耐酸喷涂料,采用大量废料做为原来来降低成本。采用水玻璃做结合剂。但是水玻璃结合材料在受到酸侵蚀后强度会降低,且水玻璃中Na含量较多,高温性能不好。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,它具有固化后强度高、耐酸侵蚀性强、中高温性能好等优点,在受到酸侵蚀后强度不降低,高温体积稳定性好。
为达到上述目的,采用技术方案如下:
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其组成按质量百分数计如下:
莫来石骨料50~65wt%,70高铝粉16~25wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3~6wt%,石英粉2~6wt%、蓝晶石颗粒1~4wt%,增粘剂0.1~0.6wt%、固化剂0.5~2wt%,促进剂0.2~0.6wt%,改性快干硅溶胶10~13wt%。
上述方案中,所述莫来石骨料由粒径为5~3mm、3~1mm和1~0.074mm的三种颗粒组成,其质量百分比分别为15wt%、50wt%、35wt%;其中Al2O3含量≥45wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.6wt%。
上述方案中,所述70高铝粉粒度≤0.074mm;其中Al2O3含量≥70wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.8wt%。
上述方案中,所述α-Al2O3微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%,D50≤2μm。
上述方案中,所述石英粉SiO2含量≥98wt%,粒度为≤0.045mm。
上述方案中,所述蓝晶石的颗粒粒度为0.088~0.3mm。
上述方案中,所述增粘剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、藻酸丙二醇酯中的一种或混合。
上述方案中,所述固化剂为活性氧化镁,其中MgO含量≥90wt%,粒度≤0.045mm。
上述方案中,所述促进剂为一种氨基改性硅烷偶联剂。以结构式Y-Si-OR为例,-OR为烷氧基,-Y为带有氨基的有机官能团。形态为白色可流动的粉状固体,可有效改善材料在钢壳上的附着力。
上述方案中,所述改性快干硅溶胶采用硅溶胶经过铝离子交换技术改性而成,铝离子位于胶体固定层同时ζ电位降低,达到快速凝胶要求。比重为1.21~1.26,pH=7~9,平均粒径为10~17nm。
上述适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
各组份按配比称重后经机械搅拌混合成均匀集料,改性快干硅溶胶采用桶包装。将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂在搅拌机中混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在喷枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。
相对于现有技术,本发明有益效果如下:
现有技术中半干法喷涂材料均为水玻璃或水泥结合,水玻璃作为结合剂直接引入了K、Na等低熔物,水泥做结合剂引入了Ca2+,高温下生产钙长石、钙黄长石等低熔物;本发明以硅溶胶做为结合剂的半干法喷涂料,不带入低熔点的物质,保证了高温性能。
现有技术经过酸侵蚀后强度均会不同程度的降低,并且材料逐步被溶蚀、粉化、脱落;本发明在酸性环境中可促进硅溶胶硅氧烷键的缩聚反映,酸侵蚀后强度不仅不降低还可所提高,面层完好,并未出现被侵蚀的迹象,延长了热风炉的使用寿命。
本发明在高温下体积稳定,材料内部莫来石化反应产生微膨胀的效果,避免了材料收缩开裂,避免了炉壳受到酸侵蚀。
本发明采用不同粒度的双膨胀剂(石英粉、蓝晶石)复合加入,使不同的膨胀剂发挥各自作用温度条件下的膨胀效果。
本发明引入活性氧化镁做为固化剂,即可使材料喷涂到钢壳上后迅速变干产生一定的粘结强度但不硬化,给予材料喷涂后一定的修补时间,之后再逐步硬化产生强度。
具体实施方式
以下实施例进一步阐释本发明的技术方案,但不作为对本发明保护效果的限制。
本发明制备的适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其组成按质量百分数计如下:
莫来石骨料50~65wt%,70高铝粉16~25wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3~6wt%,石英粉2~6wt%、蓝晶石颗粒1~4wt%,增粘剂0.1~0.6wt%、固化剂0.5~2wt%,促进剂0.2~0.6wt%,改性快干硅溶胶10~13wt%。
具体实施方式中所用原材料按照以下要求配制:
莫来石骨料由粒径为5~3mm、3~1mm和1~0.074mm的三种颗粒组成,其质量百分比分别为15wt%、50wt%、35wt%;其中Al2O3含量≥45wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.6wt%。
70高铝粉粒度≤0.074mm;其中Al2O3含量≥70wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.8wt%。
α-Al2O3微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%,D50≤2μm。
石英粉SiO2含量≥98wt%,粒度为≤0.045mm。
蓝晶石的颗粒粒度为0.088~0.3mm。
增粘剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、藻酸丙二醇酯中的一种或混合。
固化剂为活性氧化镁,其中MgO含量≥90wt%,粒度≤0.045mm。
促进剂为一种氨基改性硅烷偶联剂。以结构式Y-Si-OR为例,-OR为烷氧基,-Y为带有氨基的有机官能团。形态为白色可流动的粉状固体,可有效改善材料在钢壳上的附着力,由苏州帕特纳环保有限公司生产。
改性快干硅溶胶采用硅溶胶经过铝离子交换技术改性而成,比重为1.21~1.26,pH=7~9,平均粒径为10~17nm,硅溶胶由上虞宇达化工有限公司生产。
实施例1
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料53%,70高铝粉21%,α-Al2O3微粉4%,石英粉3%,蓝晶石颗粒4%,羧甲基淀粉钠0.4%,氧化镁1.2%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.5%,改性快干硅溶胶12.9%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例1所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0003132383770000041
实施例2
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料57%,70高铝粉16.2%,α-Al2O3微粉6%,石英粉5%,蓝晶石颗粒2%,藻酸丙二醇酯0.3%,氧化镁0.8%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.4%,改性快干硅溶胶12.3%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例2所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表2。
表2
Figure BDA0003132383770000042
Figure BDA0003132383770000051
实施例3
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料52%,70高铝粉21.7%,α-Al2O3微粉5%,石英粉4%,蓝晶石颗粒3%,羧甲基淀粉钠0.5%,氧化镁1%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.3%,改性快干硅溶胶12.5%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例3所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表3。
表3
Figure BDA0003132383770000052
实施例4:
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料及其制备方法,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料65wt%,70高铝粉17wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3.5wt%,石英粉2wt%、蓝晶石颗粒1wt%,海藻酸丙二醇酯0.6wt%、氧化镁0.5wt%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.4wt%,快干硅溶胶10wt%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例4所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表4。
表4
Figure BDA0003132383770000053
Figure BDA0003132383770000061
实施例5
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料及其制备方法,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料50wt%,70高铝粉25wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3wt%,石英粉3wt%、蓝晶石颗粒4wt%,羧甲基淀粉钠0.1wt%、氧化镁1.3wt%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.6wt%,快干硅溶胶13wt%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例5所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表5。
表5
Figure BDA0003132383770000062
实施例6
一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料及其制备方法,各组分及其所占质量百分比为:莫来石骨料55wt%,70高铝粉19wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3wt%,石英粉6wt%、蓝晶石颗粒2wt%,海藻酸丙二醇酯0.5wt%、氧化镁2wt%,氨基改性硅烷偶联剂0.2wt%,快干硅溶胶12.3wt%。
按照上述配方,将喷涂料双组分(粉料和结合剂)包装运至施工现场,将粉料和少量结合剂混合搅拌均匀后送入喷涂机,在枪口位置加入剩余硅溶胶并调整到合适的加入量,采用半干法喷涂方式对热风炉顶部部位进行喷涂施工。本实施例6所得耐酸喷涂料的性能测试结果见表6。
表6
Figure BDA0003132383770000063
Figure BDA0003132383770000071
从表1、2、3、4、5、6可以看出,本发明耐酸喷涂料在110℃干燥后已经有一定强度,在经过硝酸溶液浸泡侵蚀后,强度均有所提高,经观察,酸浸泡过的试样表面并未出现侵蚀迹象,表面平整没有裂纹,强度较高,耐酸侵蚀性强。材料经过1300℃烧后,线变化为正,说明材料在高温下体积产生微膨胀,避免了材料收缩产生的裂缝。本发明喷涂料对炉壳形成一层坚固的保护层,有效隔离了钢壳与酸性气氛环境,保证了热风炉炉壳的稳定,延长了热风炉使用寿命。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的实例,而并非对实施方式的限制。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而因此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其特征在于组成按质量百分数计如下:
莫来石骨料50~65wt%,70高铝粉16~25wt%,α-Al2O3微粉3~6wt%,石英粉2~6wt%、蓝晶石颗粒1~4wt%,增粘剂0.1~0.6wt%、固化剂0.5~2wt%,促进剂0.2~0.6wt%,改性快干硅溶胶10~13wt%;
所述莫来石骨料由粒径为5~3mm、3~1mm和1~0.074mm的三种颗粒组成,其质量百分比分别为15wt%、50wt%、35wt%;其中Al2O3含量≥45wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.6wt%;
所述石英粉SiO2含量≥98wt%,粒度为≤0.045mm;
所述增粘剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、藻酸丙二醇酯中的一种或混合;
所述固化剂为活性氧化镁,其中MgO含量≥90wt%,粒度≤0.045mm;
所述促进剂为一种氨基改性硅烷偶联剂;
所述改性快干硅溶胶采用硅溶胶经过铝离子交换技术改性而成,比重为1.21~1.26,pH=7~9,平均粒径为10~17nm。
2.如权利要求1所述适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其特征在于所述70高铝粉粒度≤0.074mm;其中Al2O3含量≥70wt%,Fe2O3含量≤0.8wt%。
3.如权利要求1所述适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其特征在于所述α-Al2O3微粉的Al2O3含量≥99wt%,D50≤2μm。
4.如权利要求1所述适用于热风炉球顶的耐酸喷涂料,其特征在于所述蓝晶石的颗粒粒度为0.088~0.3mm。
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