CN113346744B - Three-inductor high-gain Boost converter - Google Patents
Three-inductor high-gain Boost converter Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter, wherein the positive pole of a direct-current power supply of the converter is connected with the positive pole of an input filter capacitor, one end of a first inductor, the anode of a second diode and the anode of a fourth diode; the other end of the first inductor is connected with the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the first capacitor; the cathode of the first diode is connected with one end of the second inductor and the cathode of the second diode; the other end of the second inductor is connected with the anode of the third diode and the cathode of the second capacitor; the anode of the second capacitor is connected with the cathode of the fourth diode and one end of the third inductor; the other end of the third inductor is connected with the anode of the first capacitor, the cathode of the third diode, the anode of the fifth diode and the drain of the switching tube; the cathode of the fifth diode is connected with the anode of the output filter capacitor and one end of the direct current load; the other end of the direct current load is connected with the cathode of the output filter capacitor, the source electrode of the switching tube, the cathode of the input filter capacitor and the cathode of the input power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of DC-DC Boost converters, and particularly relates to a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter.
Background
In recent years, environmental pollution and energy shortage have attracted much attention all over the world. For this reason, pollution-free and renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, and the like have been rapidly developed. However, the terminal voltage of a renewable energy power generation unit such as a fuel cell, a photovoltaic cell, or the like is low and the range of variation is wide. Therefore, a distributed renewable energy grid-connected power generation system generally adopts a two-stage structure of a direct-current boost converter cascade voltage type inverter. At present, a leakage current suppression strategy of a non-isolated grid-connected inverter is mature day by day, and the electrical safety problem is perfectly solved. In addition, compared with an isolated converter, the non-isolated converter has the advantages of small size, low cost and low loss. Therefore, the adoption of the non-isolated boost converter as the renewable energy interface converter is more advantageous.
The Boost converter is the most widely used non-isolated Boost converter. The input current is continuous, the structure is simple, but the actual voltage gain is influenced by the parasitic parameters of the circuit and has a maximum value, generally lower than 5, and the system efficiency is seriously reduced. For this reason, various non-isolated high-gain Boost converters have been reported in recent years. Boost converters based on coupled inductors can obtain higher voltage gain by changing the turn ratio of the coupled inductor winding, but the conversion efficiency is generally lower because leakage inductance energy is difficult to effectively recover. The Boost converter based on the switch inductor changes the connection mode of the inductor by controlling the turn-off and the turn-on of the switch tube, so that higher voltage gain is obtained; however, when the converter is used as a renewable energy interface converter, the boosting capability is slightly insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter, which only uses one switching tube and is simple to control; the voltage gain is 2/(1-D) 2 Can obtain great voltage gain under the condition of smaller duty ratio(ii) a The two input inductors share the input current, so the current stress of the inductors is reduced, and a smaller magnetic core can be selected. Therefore, the high-gain converter has the advantages of low cost, high conversion efficiency and extremely strong boosting capacity, and is particularly suitable for a renewable energy power generation system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter comprises a direct current power supply U in (ii) a The DC power supply U in Respectively connected with an input filter capacitor C in Positive electrode of (2), first inductance L 1 One end of (1), a second diode D 2 Anode of (2), fourth diode D 4 The anode of (1); the first inductor L 1 The other ends of the first and second diodes are respectively connected with a first diode D 1 The anode of (2), the first capacitor C 1 The negative electrode of (1); the first diode D 1 Are respectively connected with the second inductors L 2 One end of the second diode D 2 A cathode of (a); the second inductor L 2 Are respectively connected with the third diode D 3 And the second capacitor C 2 The negative electrode of (1); the second capacitor C 2 Respectively connected with the fourth diode D 4 The cathode of (2), the third inductance L 3 One end of (a); the third inductor L 3 Are respectively connected with the first capacitor C 1 The anode of (2), the third diode D 3 The cathode of the fifth diode D 5 The anode of (b), the drain of the switching tube S; the fifth diode D 5 Are respectively connected with the output filter capacitor C o The positive electrode of (a), one end of the direct current load R; the other end of the direct current load R is respectively connected with the output filter capacitor C o Negative pole of (1), source electrode of the switching tube S, and the input filter capacitor C in Negative pole of, the input power U in The negative electrode of (1).
Further, the ideal voltage gain G of the high-gain Boost converter is:
wherein D is the duty ratio of the control signal of the switching tube S.
Furthermore, the high-gain Boost converter is realized in one switching period T by adjusting the on and off of the switching tube S s Switching between the working mode 1 and the working mode 2 in the system.
Further, the working mode is 1,t 0 ～t 1 Stage (2): at t 0 At any moment, the switching tube S is switched on; first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 Off, second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 Conducting; at t 1 At that time, the switching tube S is turned off, and the operation mode 1 is ended. Mode of operation 2,t 1 ～t 2 Stage (2): t is t 1 At the moment, the first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 On, the second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 Turning off; t is t 2 At the moment, the switching tube S is conducted, the working mode 2 is finished, and the next switching period is started.
Further, in the working mode 1, the first inductor L 1 Current i of L1 And the second inductor L 2 Current i of L2 A third inductor L 3 Current i of L3 The average linearity is increased; power supply U in Through a switch tube S and a first capacitor C 1 To the first inductor L 1 Charging; through a switch tube S and a second diode D 2 And a third diode D 3 To the second inductance L 2 Charging; through a switching tube S and a fourth diode D 4 To the third inductance L 3 Charging; through a switch tube S and a third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 To a second capacitance C 2 Charging; at the same time, output filter capacitor C o The direct current load R is supplied with power separately. In the working mode 2, the current i of the first inductor L1 Current i of the second inductor L2 And current i of the third inductor L3 A linear decrease; power supply U in A second capacitor C 2 A first inductor L 1 A second inductor L 2 And a third inductance L 3 Connected in series through a fifth diode D 5 To the output filter capacitor C o And a direct current load R supplies power; at the same time, the second capacitor C 2 A second inductor L 2 And a third inductor L 3 Through a first diode D 1 To the first capacitance C 1 And (6) charging.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the three-inductor high-gain Boost converter provided by the invention only adopts 1 switching tube, 4 capacitors, 3 inductors and 5 diodes, and has relatively simple structure; the boosting capacity is extremely strong, and the voltage gain is 2/(1-D) 2 (ii) a And only one switching tube is adopted, so that the control is simpler. In addition, the second inductor L of the non-isolated high-gain DC converter 2 And a third inductance L 3 The input current is shared together, so the current stress is reduced, and a smaller magnetic core can be selected; meanwhile, the on-state loss of the diode is reduced. Therefore, the gain Boost converter provided by the invention is suitable for a renewable energy grid-connected power generation system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIGS. 2 (a) - (b) show the high-gain Boost converter shown in FIG. 1 during a switching period T s Equivalent diagrams of 2 working modes in the system;
fig. 3 is a diagram of main operating waveforms of the high-gain Boost converter shown in fig. 1 in one switching cycle;
FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit schematic of the average current of the high-gain Boost converter shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a simulated waveform diagram of the high-gain Boost converter shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a three-inductor high-gain Boost converter, and the circuit structure is shown in figure 1. The high-gain Boost converter comprises a direct-current power supply U in An input filter capacitor C in A first inductor L 1 A second inductor L 2 A third inductor L 3 A switch tube S and a first diode D 1 A second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 A fourth diode D 4 A fifth diode D 5 A first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 An output filter capacitor C o The direct current load R; DC power supply U in The positive electrodes of the two are respectively connected with an input filter capacitor C in Positive electrode of (1), first inductance L 1 One end of (1), a second diode D 2 Anode of (2), fourth diode D 4 The anode of (2); first inductance L 1 Are respectively connected with a first diode D 1 Anode of, first capacitor C 1 The negative electrode of (1); first diode D 1 Are respectively connected with the second inductors L 2 One end of the second diode D 2 The cathode of (a); second inductance L 2 Are respectively connected with a third diode D 3 Anode of (2), second capacitor C 2 The negative electrode of (1); a second capacitor C 2 Respectively connected with a fourth diode D 4 Cathode of (2), third inductance L 3 One end of (a); third inductance L 3 The other ends of the first and second capacitors are respectively connected with a first capacitor C 1 Anode of (2), third diode D 3 Cathode of (2), fifth diode D 5 The anode of (2) and the drain of the switching tube S; fifth diode D 5 The cathodes of the two are respectively connected with an output filter capacitor C o The positive electrode of (1), one end of a direct current load R; the other end of the DC load R is respectively connected with an output filter capacitor C o Negative pole of (1), source electrode of switch tube S, input filter capacitor C in Negative pole, input power U in The negative electrode of (1).
The operation of the high-gain Boost converter shown in fig. 1 is explained below.
To simplify the analysis, the following assumptions were made: switch tube S, first diode D 1 A second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 A fourth diode D 4 A fifth diode D 5 An input filter capacitor C in A first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 An output filter capacitor C o A first inductor L 1 A second inductor L 2 A third inductor L 3 All the devices are ideal devices; a first capacitor C 1 A second capacitor C 2 An output filter capacitor C o Large enough that voltage ripple can be ignored; first inductance L 1 A second inductor L 2 A third inductor L 3 The current of (2) is continuous; input power supply U in The negative end is a zero potential reference point, and the direct current load R is pure resistance. Based on the above assumptions, after entering the steady state, the operation of the converter in one switching cycle can be divided into 2 modes.
The equivalent circuits of the modes are shown in fig. 2 (a) to 2 (b). The main waveforms during one switching cycle are shown in fig. 3.
The following are distinguished:
(1) Mode 1,t 0 ～t 1 Stage (2): at t 0 At any moment, the switching tube S is switched on; equivalent Circuit As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 Off, second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 And conducting. As shown in fig. 3, the first inductor L 1 Is/are as follows current i L1 A second inductor L 2 Current i of L2 A third inductor L 3 Current i of L3 The average linearity increases. Power supply U in Through the switch tube S and the first capacitor C 1 To the first inductor L 1 Charging; through a switch tube S and a second diode D 2 And a third diode D 3 To the second inductance L 2 Charging; through a switching tube S and a fourth diode D 4 To the third inductance L 3 Charging; through a switch tube S and a third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 To a second capacitance C 2 Charging; at the same time, output filter capacitor C o The direct current load R is supplied with power separately.At this time, there are:
wherein L is 1 Is a first inductance L 1 Inductance value of, L 2 Is a second inductance L 2 Inductance value of, L 3 Is a third inductance L 3 Inductance value of, U in For the input voltage, U C1 Is a first capacitor C 1 A voltage.
At t 1 At the moment, the switching tube S is turned off, and the mode 1 is ended;
(2) Mode 2,t 1 ～t 2 Stage (2): t is t 1 At that time, the equivalent circuit is as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 Conducting, second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 And (6) turning off. As shown in fig. 3, the current i of the first inductor L1 Current i of the second inductor L2 And current i of the third inductor L3 The linearity decreases. Power supply U in A second capacitor C 2 A first inductor L 1 A second inductor L 2 And a third inductor L 3 Serially connected through a fifth diode D 5 To the output filter capacitor C o And a direct current load R supplies power; at the same time, the second capacitor C 2 A second inductor L 2 And a third inductance L 3 Through a first diode D 1 To the first capacitance C 1 And (6) charging. At this time, there are:
wherein, U C2 Is a second capacitor C 2 Voltage, U o Is the output voltage.
t 2 At the moment, the switching tube S is turned on, the mode 2 ends, and the next switching cycle is entered.
Based on the above working principle, the steady-state characteristics of the high-gain Boost converter of the present invention are analyzed below.
From the volt-second balance of 3 inductances, we can obtain:
from FIG. 2 (a), the second capacitor C can be seen 2 The voltage stress of (a) is:
U C2 ＝U in (4)
according to equations (3) and (4), the ideal voltage gain G of the high-gain Boost converter of the present invention can be obtained as:
a first capacitor C 1 The voltage stress of (a) is:
after the steady state is entered, the average current of the capacitor is zero, so that an equivalent circuit diagram of the average current of the high-gain Boost converter shown in fig. 4 can be obtained, and the following formula can be obtained from fig. 4:
in the above formula, I L1 Is a first inductance L 1 Average current value of (1), I L2 Is a second inductance L 2 Average current value of (1) L3 Is a third inductance L 3 Average current value of (1), I D1 Is a first diode D 1 Average current value of (1), I D2 Is a second diode D 2 Average current value of (1), I D3 Is a third diode D 3 Average current value of (1), I D4 Is a fourth diode D 4 Average current value of (1) D5 Is a fifth diode D 5 Average current value of (1), I S Average power of the switching tube SFlow value, I in Is the average value of the input current, I o Is the average value of the output current.
It can be seen from formula (7) that the second inductor L of the high-gain Boost converter of the present invention 2 And a third inductance L 3 Shared sharing of input current I in Therefore, the current stress is reduced, and a smaller magnetic core can be selected; at the same time, the first diode D 1 A second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 A fourth diode D 4 And a fifth diode D 5 The average current value of (a) is smaller, reducing the on-state loss of the diodes in the converter.
The parameter design is carried out on the high-gain Boost converter of the invention as follows:
the design indexes of the converter are as follows: switching frequency f s =100kHz, input voltage U in =20V, maximum output power P o,max =250W, output voltage U o ＝400V。
According to the indexes, the duty ratio D of the high-gain Boost converter obtained by the formula (5) meets the following requirements:
the duty cycle D, which can be derived from equation (8), is:
D＝0.684 (9)
it is generally required that the maximum current ripple allowed by the inductor does not exceed 20% of its maximum average current, i.e. the first inductor L 1 Pulsating quantity of current Δ I L1 A first inductor L 1 Maximum average current I of L1,max Satisfies the following conditions: delta I L1 ≤0.2I L1,max Then, there are:
similarly, the second inductor L 2 Pulsating quantity of current Δ I L2 A third inductor L 3 Pulsating quantity of current Δ I L3 A second inductor L 2 Maximum average current I of L2,max And a third inductance L 3 Maximum average current I of L3,max Satisfies the following conditions: delta I L2 ＝ΔI L3 ≤0.2I L2,max ＝0.2I L3,max Then, there are:
it is generally required that the capacitor voltage does not fluctuate by more than 1% of the average value of the capacitor voltage. Namely: a first capacitor C 1 Voltage pulsation Δ U C1 And a first capacitor C 1 Voltage U C1 Satisfies the following conditions: delta U C1 ≤0.01U C1 Then, there are:
similarly, the second capacitor C 2 Voltage pulsation Δ U C2 And a second capacitor C 2 Voltage U C2 Satisfies the following conditions: delta U C2 ≤0.01U C2 Then, there are:
similarly, an output filter capacitor C o Voltage pulsation Δ U Co And an output filter capacitor C o Voltage U Co Satisfies the following conditions: delta U Co ≤0.01U Co Then, there are:
based on the modal analysis, the working condition analysis and the parameter design of the high-gain Boost converter, the high-gain Boost converter is subjected to simulation verification as follows:
in order to verify the correctness of theoretical analysis, according to the parameter design, saber simulation software is used for carrying out simulation verification on the high-gain Boost converter,the specific values are as follows: a first capacitor C 1 =47 μ F, second capacitance C 2 =47 μ F; first inductance L 1 =2.5mH, second inductance L 2 =0.12mH; third inductance L 3 =0.12mH; output capacitor C o =47 μ F, input filter capacitance C in ＝47μF。
FIG. 5 is a simulation waveform of the high-gain Boost converter of the present invention, showing the driving signal u of the switching tube S gs Input voltage u in Output voltage u o The simulated waveform of (2). It can be seen that when the input voltage U is applied in =20V and output voltage of U o If =400V, the duty ratio D ≈ 0.684, and the actually measured voltage gain is G = U o /U in =20, and theoretical value G = 2/(1-D) 2 20 substantially coincide.
The high-gain Boost converter provided by the invention has the following advantages: (1) The Boost capability is extremely strong, and the voltage gain of the high-gain Boost converter is 2/(1-D) 2 (ii) a (2) Only 1 switching tube, 4 capacitors, 3 inductors and 5 diodes are adopted, so that the structure is relatively simple; (3) only one switching tube is provided, and the control circuit is simple; (4) Second inductance L 2 And a third inductance L 3 Shared sharing of input current I in Therefore, the current stress is reduced, and a smaller magnetic core can be selected.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above embodiments are only described to help understanding the method of the present invention and its core idea, not to limit it. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and these changes and modifications also fall into the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A three-inductor high-gain Boost converter is characterized by comprising a direct-current power supplyU in (ii) a The DC power supplyU in Respectively connected with an input filter capacitorC in Positive electrode of (2), first inductanceL 1 One end of (1), a second diode D 2 Anode of (2), fourth diode D 4 The anode of (1); the first inductorL 1 The other ends of the first and second diodes are respectively connected with a first diode D 1 Anode of (2), first capacitorC 1 The negative electrode of (1); the first diode D 1 Cathodes of the first and second inductors are respectively connectedL 2 One end of the second diode D 2 A cathode of (a); the second inductorL 2 Are respectively connected with a third diode D 3 Anode of (2), second capacitorC 2 The negative electrode of (1); the second capacitorC 2 Respectively connected with a fourth diode D 4 Cathode and third inductorL 3 One end of (a); the third inductorL 3 Are respectively connected with the first capacitorC 1 The anode of the third diode D 3 Cathode of (2), fifth diode D 5 The anode of (2) and the drain of the switching tube S; the fifth diode D 5 The cathodes of the two capacitors are respectively connected with an output filter capacitorC o Positive electrode, DC load ofROne end of (a); the DC loadRIs respectively connected with the output filter capacitorC o Negative pole, source electrode of the switching tube S, and input filter capacitorC in Negative electrode of (2), the direct current power supplyU in The negative electrode of (1);
by adjusting the on and off of the switch tube S, the height is realizedGain Boost converter in one switching periodT s Switching the working mode 1 and the working mode 2 in the system; in the working mode 1, the light-emitting diode is in a non-linear shape,t 0 ~t 1 stage (2): in thatt 0 At any moment, the switching tube S is switched on; first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 Off, second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 Conducting; in thatt 1 At the moment, the switching tube S is turned off, and the working mode 1 is finished; in the working mode 2, the operation mode is as follows,t 1 ~t 2 stage (2):t 1 at all times, the first diode D 1 And a fifth diode D 5 Conducting, second diode D 2 A third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 Turning off;t 2 at the moment, the switching tube S is conducted, the working mode 2 is finished, and the next switching period is started;
in the working mode 1, the first inductorL 1 Current of (2)i L1 A second inductorL 2 Current of (2)i L2 A third inductorL 3 Current of (2)i L3 The average linearity is increased; power supplyU in Through the switch tube S and the first capacitorC 1 To the first inductorL 1 Charging; through a switch tube S and a second diode D 2 And a third diode D 3 To the second inductorL 2 Charging; through a switching tube S and a fourth diode D 4 To the third inductorL 3 Charging; through a switch tube S and a third diode D 3 And a fourth diode D 4 To the second capacitorC 2 Charging; at the same time, output filter capacitorC o Single direction DC loadRSupplying power; in the working mode 2, the current of the first inductori L1 Current of the second inductori L2 And current of the third inductori L3 A linear decrease; power supplyU in A second capacitorC 2 A first inductorL 1 A second inductorL 2 And a third inductorL 3 Connected in series through a fifth diode D 5 To the output filter capacitorC o And a DC loadRSupplying power; at the same time, the second capacitorC 2 A second inductorL 2 And a third inductorL 3 Through a first diode D 1 To the first capacitorC 1 And (6) charging.
2. A three-inductor high-gain Boost converter according to claim 1, wherein the ideal voltage gain of the high-gain Boost converter isGComprises the following steps:
wherein, in the step (A),Dis the duty cycle of the control signal of the switching tube S.
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