CN110086340B - Coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter Download PDF

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CN110086340B
CN110086340B CN201910359855.6A CN201910359855A CN110086340B CN 110086340 B CN110086340 B CN 110086340B CN 201910359855 A CN201910359855 A CN 201910359855A CN 110086340 B CN110086340 B CN 110086340B
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power
voltage
diode
inductor
switch tube
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CN110086340A (en
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徐玉珍
王亮
费经纬
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Fuzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Abstract

The invention relates to a coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter. Including a low voltage DC power supplyV LHigh voltage DC power supplyV HA first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2A first power diode D1A second power diode D2Intermediate capacitorC 1A pair of coupled inductorsL 11AndL 12independent inductorL 2. The novel coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter is simple in structure, has a large voltage transformation ratio, can realize bidirectional flow of energy, reduces the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode, and has the advantage of small input and output ripples.

Description

Coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter, which is applied to the occasions of large-transformation-ratio DC-DC bidirectional power conversion, in particular to a coupling inductance large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter which realizes the bidirectional flow of energy by introducing the coupling inductance to realize the large transformation ratio of input and output voltage, reduces the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode, has a simple structure, and also has the advantages of small input and output ripples and high efficiency.
Background
In recent years, with global warming and gradual depletion of disposable energy, development and utilization of green renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, and fuel cells have been drawing attention worldwide. However, the power output of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic cells and fuel cells is generally low dc voltage that varies in a wide range, and therefore dc converters with high voltage gain are required to boost them to a higher dc voltage to meet grid-connected power generation or load demands. In addition, the high-gain direct current converter has wide application value in the industrial fields of HID, communication power supply, electric automobile, medical equipment and the like.
With the rapid development of society and economy and the continuous increase of population, the overall demand of the world for energy is continuously reduced, and the world faces serious energy crisis and environmental crisis. Solar energy, wind energy and the like are considered as main foundations of future world energy structures, are necessary ways for solving energy crisis, and development of clean and efficient renewable energy sources becomes an important subject in the global scope. Due to the intermittency of these natural resources, energy storage devices such as super capacitors, storage batteries, and the like are indispensable parts of such new energy power generation systems. However, the output voltage of the basic unit of the energy storage device, such as a storage battery, is often low, generally 12V to 48V. In addition, in the face of grid connection requirements, the output direct current bus of the grid connection system is generally required to be more than 400V, so that a bidirectional DC-DC circuit used for an interface of the grid connection system is required to have the characteristic of high voltage gain. In addition, in the application fields of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, uninterruptible power supply systems, aviation power supplies, lighting smart grids and the like, the bidirectional high-gain DC-DC converter also plays an important role. Therefore, the bidirectional high-gain DC-DC circuit has great theoretical and practical significance in deep research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coupling inductor bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter, which realizes the high transformation ratio of input and output voltage by introducing a coupling inductor, realizes the bidirectional flow of energy, reduces the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode, has simple structure, small input and output ripples and high efficiency, effectively reduces the number of power semiconductor devices and saves the cost of a system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter comprises a low-voltage DC power supply VLHigh voltage DC power supply VHA first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2A first power diode D1A second power diode D2An intermediate capacitor C1A pair of coupling inductors L11And L12Independent inductor L2(ii) a The low-voltage DC power supply VLIs connected to the coupling inductor L11Homonymous terminal and L of12A non-homonymous end of (c); what is needed isThe low-voltage DC power supply VLNegative pole of (1) and first power switch tube S1And a first power diode D1The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the coupling inductor L12The other end of (C) and an intermediate capacitor (C)1One end of the two ends are connected; the intermediate capacitor C1Another end of (1) and independent inductor L2And a second power switch tube S2And a second power diode D2The cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the independent inductor L2The other end of the DC voltage source and a high-voltage DC power supply VHThe positive electrodes of the two electrodes are connected; the coupling inductor L11And the other end of the first power switch tube S1Drain electrode of (1), first power diode D1Cathode of the first power switch tube S2Source electrode of, second power diode D2Anode of, high voltage dc power supply VHIs connected to the negative electrode of (1).
In an embodiment of the invention, the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2For power MOS transistor, the power diode D1Is a power MOS transistor S1The body diode of (1); the power diode D2Is a power MOS transistor S2The body diode of (1).
In an embodiment of the invention, the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2Is an IGBT tube, the power diode D1Power diode D2Is a fast recovery diode; the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2And a PWM control mode is adopted.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate capacitor C1Is a high frequency capacitor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inductor L11And L12The pair of fully-coupled coupling inductors are ideally fully-coupled, and have a coupling coefficient of 1.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the low voltage DC power supply VLPower switch tube S1Power diode D2An intermediate capacitor C1Coupled inductor L11And L12Independent inductor L2High-voltage side DC power supply VHThe high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming the positive boosting working mode realizes the electric energy from the low-voltage DC power supply VLTo the high-voltage direct-current power supply VHTransferring; high voltage DC power supply VHPower switch tube S2Power diode D1An intermediate capacitor C1A pair of coupling inductors L11And L12Independent inductor L2DC power supply V at low voltage sideLThe large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming the reverse voltage reduction working mode realizes the electric energy from the high-voltage direct-current power supply VHTo low-voltage DC power supply VLAnd (5) transferring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the coupling inductor is introduced to improve the voltage transformation ratio of the DC-DC converter, so that high-efficiency, low-ripple, large-input-output voltage transformation ratio and electric energy bidirectional transformation and processing are realized;
2. the input end and the output end of the invention are both provided with the inductor, so that the input and output current has small pulsation, the input and output are easy to filter, and the invention is beneficial to EMI;
3. in the whole switching period, the energy can flow in two directions, and the input power supply can provide electric energy for the energy storage or counter electromotive force load or feed back the electric energy to the power supply by the energy storage or counter electromotive force load, so that the conversion efficiency of the whole circuit is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coupled inductor bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a first equivalent circuit of a forward boost operating mode of a coupled inductor bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a second equivalent circuit of the coupling inductor in the forward boosting operation mode of the bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a main operating waveform of a key parameter of a switching period of an equivalent circuit in a forward boost operating mode of a coupled inductor bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a first equivalent circuit of a reverse buck mode of operation of a coupled inductor bidirectional high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a second equivalent circuit of the coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter in the reverse step-down operation mode.
Fig. 7 is a main operating waveform of a key parameter of a switching period of an equivalent circuit in a reverse step-down operating mode of a coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is specifically explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a coupling inductance bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter, which comprises a low-voltage DC power supply VLHigh voltage DC power supply VHA first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2A first power diode D1A second power diode D2An intermediate capacitor C1A pair of coupling inductors L11And L12Independent inductor L2. The low-voltage DC power supply VLIs connected to the coupling inductor L11Homonymous terminal and L of12A non-homonymous end of (c); the low-voltage DC power supply VLNegative pole of (1) and first power switch tube S1And a first power diode D1The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the coupling inductor L12One terminal of and the intermediate capacitor C1One end of the two ends are connected; the intermediate capacitor C1Another end of (1) and independent inductor L2And a second power switch tube S2And a second power diode D2The cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the independent inductor L2The other end of the DC voltage source and a high-voltage DC power supply VHThe positive electrodes of the two electrodes are connected; the coupling inductor L11And the other end of the first power switch tube S1Drain electrode of (1), first power diode D1Cathode of the first power switch tube S2And a second power diode D2Anode of, high voltage dc power supply VHIs connected to the negative electrode of (1). When the switching tube adopts a power MOS tube, the power diode D1Is a power MOS transistor S1The body diode of (1); the power diode D2Is a power MOS transistor S2The body diode of (1); such as a switchWhen the tube adopts IGBT, the power diode D1Power diode D2Is a fast recovery diode. The switching tube adopts a PWM control mode.
The intermediate capacitor C1Is a high frequency capacitor. The inductor L11And L12The pair of fully-coupled coupling inductors are ideally fully-coupled, and have a coupling coefficient of 1. Inductor L2Is an independent inductor. The low-voltage DC power supply VLPower switch tube S1Power diode D2An intermediate capacitor C1A pair of coupling inductors L11And L12Independent inductor L2High-voltage side DC power supply VHThe high-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming the positive boosting working mode realizes the electric energy from the low-voltage DC power supply VLTo the high-voltage direct-current power supply VHTransferring; high voltage DC power supply VHPower switch tube S2Power diode D1An intermediate capacitor C1A pair of coupling inductors L11And L12Independent inductor L2DC power supply V at low voltage sideLThe large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming the reverse voltage reduction working mode realizes the electric energy from the high-voltage direct-current power supply VHTo low-voltage DC power supply VLAnd (5) transferring.
The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention:
the invention realizes large transformation ratio of input and output voltage by introducing the coupling inductor, realizes bidirectional flow of energy, reduces the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode, has simple structure, small input and output ripples and high efficiency, effectively reduces the number of power semiconductor devices and saves the cost of a system. The following describes a specific operation mode of a coupled inductor bidirectional high-ratio DC-DC converter in CCM mode, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 5 and fig. 6, with reference to the specific example in fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a waveform of key-off in the forward boost mode; fig. 7 is a key waveform diagram in the reverse buck mode.
Referring to fig. 2, the invention relates to a coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converterLTo high-pressure side load transmission, i.e. to largeAnd the mode is a working diagram of the mode of the forward boosting mode. When switching tube S1When the driving is conducted, the diode D2And (6) turning off. Low side supply voltage VLIs added to the inductor L11Upper, give the inductance L11Charging; inductor L11The current of (2) rises; low side supply voltage VLAnd an inductance L12Intermediate capacitance C1Serially connected independent inductor L2And load supply, inductance L2The key waveform is shown in fig. 4. Inductor L11And L2The voltage at the two ends is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000041
Figure GDA0002602333550000042
inductor L11And L2The current increase amount of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000043
Figure GDA0002602333550000044
from (4) can be obtained:
Figure GDA0002602333550000045
referring to fig. 3, the invention relates to a coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converterLAnd the mode two working diagrams of the high-voltage side load transmission, namely the high-transformation-ratio positive boosting mode are shown. Switch tube S1Turn-off, diode D2And conducting. Coupling inductor L11And L12An inductor L connected in series for charging the intermediate capacitor11Current drop of (2); load side independent inductor L2Inductor L for supplying power to load2The current drops and the key waveform is shown in figure 4. Inductor L11And L2The voltage at the two ends is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000046
v'L2＝-VH(7)
inductor L11And L2The current reduction amount of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000047
Figure GDA0002602333550000051
from (9) can be obtained:
Figure GDA0002602333550000052
FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the following results:
in steady state operation, during a period TSMiddle and high inductance L11The volt-second balance is satisfied:
Figure GDA0002602333550000053
substituting the formulas (1) and (6) into the formula (10) to obtain:
Figure GDA0002602333550000054
in steady state operation, during a period TSMiddle and high inductance L11The volt-second balance is satisfied:
Figure GDA0002602333550000055
substituting the formulas (2) and (7) into (13) to obtain:
Figure GDA0002602333550000056
obtained by the formulae (12) and (14):
Figure GDA0002602333550000057
therefore, the circuit transformation ratio of the bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter in the boosting direction is as follows:
Figure GDA0002602333550000058
1) intermediate capacitor C1Stress:
the following equations (12), (14) and (16) show that:
Figure GDA0002602333550000059
intermediate capacitance stress and voltage V at high voltage sideH
2) Switch tube S1Voltage stress:
switch tube S1When turned off, the inductance L11The upper voltage is:
Figure GDA00026023335500000510
switch tube S1The voltage stress is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000061
3) diode D2Voltage stress:
diode D2When turned off, the inductance L11The upper voltage is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000062
diode D2The voltage stress is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000063
referring to fig. 5, the invention relates to a coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converterLAnd transmitting the high-voltage side load, namely a working diagram of a high-transformation-ratio reverse voltage reduction mode. When switching tube S2When the driving is conducted, the diode D1And (6) cutting off. High-side supply voltage VHIs added to the inductor L2Upper, give the inductance L2Charging; inductor L2The current of (2) rises; intermediate capacitor C1Series coupling inductance L11And L12Charging, coupling inductance L11And L12Current rise of (C), intermediate capacitance C1The key waveform is shown in fig. 7. Inductor L11And L2The voltage at the two ends is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000064
Figure GDA0002602333550000065
inductor L11And L2The current increase amount of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000066
Figure GDA0002602333550000067
obtained from (25):
Figure GDA0002602333550000068
referring to fig. 6, the invention relates to a coupling inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converterLAnd the mode two working schematic diagram of the high-voltage side load transmission, namely the large-transformation-ratio reverse voltage reduction mode. Switch tube S2Turn-off, diode D1And conducting. High-side supply voltage VHAnd independent inductance L2And a coupling inductor L12Series to intermediate capacitance C1Charging and supplying power to the load, independent inductance L2Current drop of (2); inductor L11Through diode D1Supply power to the load, inductor L11The key waveform is shown in fig. 7. Inductor L11And L2The voltage at the two ends is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000071
Figure GDA0002602333550000072
inductor L11And L2The current reduction amount of (a) is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000073
Figure GDA0002602333550000074
obtained from (30):
Figure GDA0002602333550000075
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show the following results:
in steady state operation, during a period TSMiddle and high inductance L11The volt-second balance is satisfied:
Figure GDA0002602333550000076
substituting equations (22) and (27) into (32) yields:
Figure GDA0002602333550000077
in steady state operation, during a period TSMiddle and high inductance L2The volt-second balance is satisfied:
Figure GDA0002602333550000078
substituting the formulas (23) and (28) into (34) to obtain:
Figure GDA0002602333550000079
obtained by the formulae (33), (35):
Figure GDA00026023335500000710
therefore, the circuit transformation ratio in the voltage reduction direction of the bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter is as follows:
Figure GDA00026023335500000711
1) intermediate capacitor C1Stress:
from the formulas (33), (35), and (36):
Figure GDA0002602333550000081
intermediate capacitance stress and voltage V at high voltage sideH
2) Diode D1Voltage stress:
diode D1When turned off, the inductance L11The upper voltage is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000082
diode D1The voltage stress is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000083
3) switch tube S2Voltage stress:
switch tube S2When turned off, the inductance L2The upper voltage is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000084
switch tube S2The voltage stress is:
Figure GDA0002602333550000085
the above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter is characterized by comprising a low-voltage DC power supplyV LHigh voltage DC power supplyV HA first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2A first power diode D1A second power diode D2Intermediate capacitorC 1A pair of coupled inductorsL 11AndL 12independent inductorL 2(ii) a The low-voltage DC power supplyV LIs connected to the coupling inductorL 11End of same name andL 12a non-homonymous end of (c); the low-voltage DC power supplyV LNegative pole of (1) and first power switch tube S1And a first power diode D1The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the coupling inductorL 12Another terminal of and the intermediate capacitorC 1One end of the two ends are connected; the intermediate capacitorC 1Another end of (1) and independent inductorL 2And a second power switch tube S2And a second power diode D2The cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the independent inductorL 2And the other end of the DC power supplyV HThe positive electrodes of the two electrodes are connected; the coupling inductorL 11And the other end of the first power switch tube S1Drain electrode of (1), first power diode D1Of the heartPolar and second power switch tube S2Source electrode of, second power diode D2Anode and high voltage DC power supplyV HIs connected to the negative electrode of (1).
2. The coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2For power MOS transistor, the power diode D1Is a power MOS transistor S1The body diode of (1); the power diode D2Is a power MOS transistor S2The body diode of (1).
3. The coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2Is an IGBT tube, the power diode D1Power diode D2Is a fast recovery diode; the first power switch tube S1A second power switch tube S2And a PWM control mode is adopted.
4. The coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: intermediate capacitorC 1Is a high frequency capacitor.
5. The coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: inductanceL 11AndL 12the pair of fully-coupled coupling inductors are ideally fully-coupled, and have a coupling coefficient of 1.
6. The coupled inductor bidirectional large-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: low-voltage DC power supplyV LPower switch tube S1Power diode D2Intermediate capacitorC 1Coupled inductorL 11AndL 12independent inductorL 2High voltage side DCSourceV HHigh-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming forward boosting working mode to realize electric energy from low-voltage DC power supplyV LTo high-voltage DC power supplyV HTransferring; high voltage DC power supplyV HPower switch tube S2Power diode D1Intermediate capacitorC 1A pair of coupled inductorsL 11AndL 12independent inductorL 2DC power supply at low voltage sideV LHigh-transformation-ratio DC-DC converter forming reverse voltage reduction working mode and realizing electric energy from high-voltage direct-current power supplyV HTo low voltage DC power supplyV LAnd (5) transferring.
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CN106685223A (en) * 2017-01-16 2017-05-17 福州大学 High-efficiency, low-ripple and bidirectional Cuk conversion circuit
CN107659144A (en) * 2017-10-19 2018-02-02 金陵科技学院 Boosting unit converter built in inductance
CN207475407U (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-06-08 河海大学文天学院 A kind of two-way DC/DC converters of two-phase crisscross parallel
CN108768169A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-06 南通科技职业学院 A kind of fuel cell double coupling alternating expression booster converters and its control method

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