CN111786555B - Zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on novel boosting unit - Google Patents
Zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on novel boosting unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786555B CN111786555B CN202010713776.3A CN202010713776A CN111786555B CN 111786555 B CN111786555 B CN 111786555B CN 202010713776 A CN202010713776 A CN 202010713776A CN 111786555 B CN111786555 B CN 111786555B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
Abstract
The invention relates to a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel boosting unit, which comprises a low-voltage DC power supplyV inA power switch tube S and a first power diode D1A second power diode D2A third power diode D3A fourth power diode DS1A first coupling inductorL 1A second coupling inductorL 2A first capacitorC 1A second capacitorC 2Output resistorR oAnd a DC-DC conversion module; the DC-DC conversion module comprises i groups of novel boosting units, i =1, … and N, and each group of novel boosting units comprises independent inductorsL i0Power diode Di0Capacitor and method for manufacturing the sameC i1And a capacitorC i2(ii) a The converter has the characteristics of zero input current ripple, low voltage stress of a power device, simple control circuit and the like, and can realize higher voltage output by expanding a specific number of boosting units. In addition, the more the number of the boosting units is expanded under the condition of the same output voltage, the lower the voltage stress of the power device is.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of large-transformation-ratio DC-DC unidirectional power conversion, in particular to a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel boosting unit.
Background
The use of fossil fuels in large quantities leads to global environmental pollution and energy depletion. Research on renewable energy technologies (e.g., photovoltaics, wind turbines, fuel cells, etc.) has been effective in solving the above problems. Due to the requirement of grid connection of an alternating current power grid, the bus voltage of a direct current micro-grid bus generally needs 350V-400V, and the voltage generated by various micro-sources represented by photovoltaic and fuel cells is lower, and generally ranges from 30V to 50V. Although the requirement of the grid-connected inverter on the input voltage level can be met by connecting a large number of photovoltaic cell panels in series, a series of problems of greatly reduced system efficiency and reliability, higher cost, overlarge system volume and the like can be caused, and the phenomenon that the whole system cannot be normal due to the fault of one unit in the system also exists. In addition, in many industrial applications, a large degree of voltage boosting conversion is required, for example, the voltage of a 48V standard communication DC bus must be boosted to 380V of the intermediate direct current bus to meet the power supply requirement of a data processing server; the voltage level provided by the lithium battery is low, the voltage requirement of the LED is difficult to meet, and in many application occasions, the LED is not used singly, but several or even dozens of LEDs are connected in series to ensure the consistency of the luminous intensity and the color, and the required voltage level is high; fuel cells widely used in aerospace, communication, electric vehicles, etc. output unstable low voltages and need to be boosted to higher voltages by a DC-DC converter. The traditional Boost circuit has simple structure and easy control because of only one controllable power switch tube, thereby being widely applied. However, when a high Boost ratio is required, the switching tube must operate in a limit duty cycle state and will bear large voltage and current stress, thereby causing the system efficiency to decrease. In addition, the input current ripple is too large, which may generate corresponding electromagnetic interference (EMI) to the preceding converter or the power supply, resulting in problems of low converter efficiency, large current stress of the switching device, etc., which may affect the service life of the power supply. Therefore, research on a high-voltage gain DC-DC converter with zero input current ripple characteristics is the most feasible solution for improving low-voltage output systems such as photovoltaic power generation, and has become a research hotspot in the technical field of power electronics.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel Boost unit, which uses a quadratic Boost converter and a Boost unitThe element connection realizes large transformation ratio of input and output voltages, higher voltage output can be realized by expanding a specific number of boosting units, a control circuit is simple, and the voltage stress of a switching tube and a diode is reduced. By coupling an inductance L1And a coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple can be realized. Meanwhile, under the condition of the same output voltage, the more the number of the expanded boosting units is, the lower the voltage stress of the power device is.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel boosting unit comprises a low-voltage DC power supply VinA power switch tube S and a first power diode D1A second power diode D2A third power diode D3A fourth power diode DSA first coupling inductor L1A second coupling inductor L2A first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2Output resistor RoAnd a DC-DC conversion module;
the DC-DC conversion module comprises i groups of novel boosting units, i is 1, … and N, and each group of novel boosting units comprises an independent inductor Li0Power diode Di0Capacitor Ci1And a capacitor Ci2(ii) a The capacitor C in each group of novel boosting unitsi1Is respectively connected with the independent inductor Li0One terminal of (1), power diode Di0The anode of the power diode Di0And the capacitor Ci2Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; said C isi2And the other end of (2) and the independent inductor Li0Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; 1 to N groups of novel boosting units are connected in sequence to realize higher voltage gain; the low-voltage DC power supply VinIs connected to the first coupling inductor L1One end of (a); the first coupling inductor L1And the other end of the first power diode D1And a second power diode D2The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the first power diode D1Cathode and first capacitor C1And a second coupling inductor L2One end of the two ends are connected; wherein the first coupling inductor L1And the second coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple waves are realized by adjusting the coupling coefficient and the turn ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling inductor; the second power diode D2Cathode and second coupling inductor L2Is connected with the other end of the first power diode and is connected with a third power diode D3Anode and capacitor Ci1One end of 1, the drain of the power switch tube S and the fourth power diode DSThe cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the third power diode D3Cathode and independent inductor Li0The other end of 1 and a second capacitor C2Capacitor Ci2And one end of i-1 is connected; the first capacitor C1The other end of the first diode, the source electrode of the power switch tube S, and a fourth power diode DSAnode of, a second capacitor C2And the other end of (1) and an output resistor RoThe other end of the DC voltage source is connected with the low-voltage DC power supply VinThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the output resistor RoAnd said power diode Di0N, and said capacitor Ci2I is N, and one end is connected; the output resistor RoThe voltage at both ends is output voltage V0Electric energy from a low voltage DC source VinTo the output VoAnd transferring to realize high gain of voltage.
Further, the specific connection relationship that the 1 to N groups of novel boosting units are connected in sequence is as follows:
the capacitor C in the ith groupi1And the other end of (b) and the capacitor C in the (i + 1) th groupi+1,1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; power diode D in the ith groupi0And L in the (i + 1) th groupi+1,0And Ci+1,2The other end of the connecting rod is connected.
Furthermore, the power switch tube S adopts a power MOS tube, and the power diode DSA body diode being a power MOS transistor S; the power switch tube S adopts a PWM control mode.
Further, a first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2Capacitor Ci11, …, N and a capacitor Ci2And i is 1, …, and N is a high-frequency capacitor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the cascade connection of the Boost converter and the improved Sepic converter is introduced, so that the high transformation ratio of the input and output voltages is realized, and higher voltage output can be realized by expanding a specific number of boosting units.
(2) The converter of the invention keeps the characteristics of continuous input current, easy control of current ripple and common input and output to the ground of the Boost converter.
(3) The invention reduces the voltage stress of the switch tube and the diode and improves the time response characteristic of the output voltage by improving the rear-stage traditional Sepic circuit.
(4) The invention is realized by coupling an inductor L1And a coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple can be realized. Meanwhile, under the condition of the same output voltage, the more the number of the expanded boosting units is, the lower the voltage stress of the power device is.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel boost unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit of the new zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with a boost unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in a CCM mode.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit of the present invention in the CCM mode of a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with a boost unit.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a three-equivalent circuit of a new zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with a boost unit in CCM mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a key operating waveform of the novel zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with a boost unit in CCM mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on a novel boost unit, which includes a low-voltage DC power supply VinA power switch tube S and a first power diode D1A second power diode D2A third power diode D3A fourth power diode DSA first coupling inductor L1A second coupling inductor L2A first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2Output resistor RoAnd a DC-DC conversion module;
the DC-DC conversion module comprises i groups of novel boosting units, i is 1, … and N, and each group of novel boosting units comprises an independent inductor Li0Power diode Di0Capacitor Ci1And a capacitor Ci2(ii) a The capacitor C in each group of novel boosting unitsi1Is respectively connected with the independent inductor Li0One terminal of (1), power diode Di0The anode of the power diode Di0And the capacitor Ci2Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; said C isi2And the other end of (2) and the independent inductor Li0Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; 1 to N groups of novel boosting units are connected in sequence to realize higher voltage gain; the low-voltage DC power supply VinIs connected to the first coupling inductor L1One end of (a); the first coupling inductor L1And the other end of the first power diode D1And a second power diode D2The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the first power diode D1Cathode and first capacitor C1And a second coupling inductor L2One end of the two ends are connected; wherein the first coupling inductor L1And the second coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple waves are realized by adjusting the coupling coefficient and the turn ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling inductor; the second power diode D2Cathode and second coupling inductor L2Is connected with the other end of the first power diode and is connected with a third power diode D3Anode and capacitor Ci1One end of 1, the drain of the power switch tube S and the fourth power diode DSThe cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the third power diode D3Cathode and independent inductor Li0The other end of 1 and a second capacitor C2Capacitor Ci2And one end of i-1 is connected; the first capacitor C1The other end of the first diode, the source electrode of the power switch tube S, and a fourth power diode DSAnode of, a second capacitor C2And the other end of (1) and an output resistor RoThe other end of the DC voltage source is connected with the low-voltage DC power supply VinThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the output resistor RoAnd said power diode Di0N, and said capacitor Ci2I is N, and one end is connected; the output resistor RoThe voltage at both ends is output voltage V0Electric energy from a low voltage DC source VinTo the output VoAnd transferring to realize high gain of voltage.
In this embodiment, the specific connection relationship between the 1 to N groups of novel boost units in turn is:
the capacitor C in the ith groupi1And the other end of (b) and the capacitor C in the (i + 1) th groupi+1,1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; power diode D in the ith groupi0And L in the (i + 1) th groupi+1,0And Ci+1,2The other end of the connecting rod is connected.
In this embodiment, the power switch transistor S is a power MOS transistor, and the power diode DSA body diode being a power MOS transistor S; the power switch tube S adopts a PWM control mode.
In this embodiment, the first capacitor C1A second capacitor C2Capacitor Ci11, …, N and a capacitor Ci2And i is 1, …, and N is a high-frequency capacitor.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the improved high-gain Boost-Sepic converter can realize the electric energy from the low-voltage dc power supply VinTo the output VoAnd the high gain of the voltage is realized. Capacitor C1Capacitor C2Capacitor Ci1(i-1, …, N), a capacitor Ci2(i ═ 1, …, N) is a high-frequency capacitor. The zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on the novel boosting unit can realize that electric energy is supplied from a low-voltage direct-current power supply VinTo the output VoAnd the high gain of the voltage is realized. The zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on the novel boosting unit is characterized in that the zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on the novel boosting unit is formed by coupling an inductor L1And a coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple can be realized. The zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on the novel boosting unit is characterized in that a capacitor C is arrangedi1(i-1, …, N), power diode Di0(i-1, …, N), independent inductance Li0(i-1, …, N), a capacitor Ci2(i 1, …, N) constitutes a novel boosting unit, and superposition is performed, thereby realizing higher voltage gain.
The following is a specific example in which the present embodiment includes a booster cell:
according to the embodiment, the secondary Boost converter is connected with the Boost units to achieve high input-output voltage transformation ratio, higher voltage output can be achieved by expanding a specific number of Boost units, the control circuit is simple, and the voltage stress of the switching tube and the diode is reduced. By coupling an inductance L1And a coupling inductor L2Zero input current and zero ripple can be realized. Meanwhile, under the condition of the same output voltage, the more the number of the expanded boosting units is, the lower the voltage stress of the power device is. The following specifically describes a specific operation mode in CCM mode when the zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter based on the novel boost unit of the present invention includes a boost unit, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, with reference to the specific example in fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a key waveform diagram in CCM mode.
Referring to FIG. 2, this embodiment is shownThe novel zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter comprises a boosting unit and is an equivalent circuit in a working mode under a CCM mode. When the switch tube S is driven to be conducted, the diode D1Off, D2And conducting. Input voltage VinFor inductor L1Charging, inductance L1The current of (2) rises; at the same time, the energy storage capacitor C1Discharging and supplying the inductor L through the switch tube S2Charging, inductance L2The current of (2) rises; capacitor C2、C11Through a switch tube S and an inductor L10Form a loop by the voltage difference VC2-VC11For inductor L10Charging, inductance L10The current of (2) rises. Inductor L1、L2And L10The voltages at the two ends are respectively:
VL10＝VC3-VC11 (3)
referring to fig. 3, the circuit is an equivalent circuit in an operating mode of the novel zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with one boost unit in the CCM mode. When the switch tube S is turned off, the diode D2、D3Off, D1And conducting. Input voltage VinAnd an inductance L1Series capacitor C1Charging while the inductor L2And a capacitor C11The power is supplied to a load in series; inductor L10To C12And (6) charging. Inductor current iL1、iL2And iL10Linearly descending, inductance L1、L2And L10The voltages at the two ends are respectively:
VL10＝-VC12 (6)
referring to fig. 4, the circuit is a three-equivalent circuit of the new zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter of this embodiment in the CCM mode. The switch tube S is continuously turned off and the diode D2Off, D1、D3And D10On, input voltage VinAnd an inductance L1Series capacitor C1Charging; input voltage VinInductor L1Inductor L2And a capacitor C11The power is supplied to a load in series; at the same time, the inductance L1、L2And VinThrough diode D3To the output capacitor C2Charging; inductor L10Through diode D10To the output capacitor C12And (5) supplying power. Inductor current iL1、iL2And iL10Continues to descend linearly and has an inductance L1、L2And L10The voltages at the two ends are respectively:
VL10＝-VC12＝-VC11 (9)
in the above three modes, the output voltage expression is:
Vo＝VC12+VC2 (10)
with reference to fig. 2, 3 and 4, it can be obtained:
in steady state operation, the inductance L is in a period T1The volt-second balance is satisfied:
VinD＝(-Vin+VC1)(1-D) (11)
at steady state operation, in one weekIn period T, inductance L2The volt-second balance is satisfied:
VC1D＝(-VC1-VC11+Vo)(1-D) (12)
in steady state operation, the inductance L is in a period T10The volt-second balance is satisfied:
(VC2-VC11)D＝VC12(1-D) (13)
the capacitance C can be obtained from the above equations (10), (11), (12) and (13)1、C11、C2、C12The voltage stress of (a) is:
from the formula (14), the voltage gain M of the novel zero-ripple high-gain DC-DC converter with one boost unit is:
when the voltage stress of each capacitor is expanded to N boosting units:
the voltage gain M is:
from the equations (14) and (15) and the equivalent circuits when the semiconductor devices in fig. 2, 3, and 4 are turned off, the switching tube S and the diode D can be seen1、D2、D3And D10The voltage stress of (a) is:
the converter containing N boosting units is analyzed, and the voltage stress of each semiconductor device can be obtained by the same method as follows:
inductor L1And an inductance L2The charging and discharging processes are the same, the current waveforms are basically consistent, and the charging and discharging processes and the current waveforms can be wound on a magnetic core to form the coupling inductor. Therefore, the size of the converter can be reduced, and the input current ripple can be approximate to zero by adjusting the coupling coefficient and the turn ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling inductor. Suppose inductance L1And L2The coupling coefficient of (a) is k and the turns ratio is n, the following relationship is obtained:
from equation (1):
is substituted to obtain
From the above equation (23), the inductance L1And L2The current ripple magnitude and the self inductance magnitude, and the coupling coefficient k and the duty ratio D are related. The inductor L is connected according to the above formula1And the current ripple value is reduced to zero, so that the zero-input ripple design of the converter can be realized.
Let Δ iL1+When the ratio is 0, the following is obtained:
k＝n(1-D) (24)
the zero ripple of the input current of the converter can be realized by reasonably configuring the inductance values and the coupling coefficients of the primary side and the secondary side.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a zero ripple high gain DC-DC converter based on novel unit that steps up which characterized in that: including a low voltage DC power supplyV inA power switch tube S and a first power diode D1A second power diode D2A third power diode D3A fourth power diode DSA first coupling inductorL 1A second coupling inductorL 2A first capacitorC 1A second capacitorC 2Output resistorR oAnd a DC-DC conversion module;
the DC-DC conversion module comprises i groups of novel boosting units, i =1, … and N, and each group of novel boosting units comprises independent inductorsL i0Power diode Di0Capacitor and method for manufacturing the sameC i1And a capacitorC i2(ii) a Capacitor in each group of novel boosting unitsC i1Is respectively connected with the independent inductorL i0One terminal of (1), power diode Di0The anode of the power diode Di0And the capacitorC i2Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; the above-mentionedC i2And the other end of the same and the independent inductorL i0The other end of the first and second connecting rods is connected; 1 to N groups of novel boosting units are connected in sequence to realize higher voltage gain;
the low-voltage DC power supplyV inIs connected to the first coupling inductorL 1One end of (a); the first coupling inductorL 1And the other end of the first power diode D1And a second power diode D2The anodes of the anode groups are connected; the first power diode D1Cathode and first capacitorC 1And a second coupling inductorL 2One end of the two ends are connected; wherein the first coupling inductorL 1And the second coupling inductorL 2Zero input current and zero ripple waves are realized by adjusting the coupling coefficient and the turn ratio of the primary side and the secondary side of the coupling inductor; the second power diode D2Cathode and second coupling inductorL 2Is connected with the other end of the first power diode and is connected with a third power diode D3Anode and capacitor ofC i1One end of i =1, the drain of the power switch tube S and the fourth power diode DSThe cathodes of the two electrodes are connected; the third power diode D3Cathode and independent inductorL i0The other end of i =1 and a second capacitanceC 2One terminal of and a capacitorC i2The other end of i =1 is connected; the first capacitorC 1The other end of the first diode, the source electrode of the power switch tube S, and a fourth power diode DSAnode of, second capacitorC 2Another terminal and an output resistorR oThe other end of the low-voltage DC power supply is connected with the low-voltage DC power supplyV inThe negative electrode of (1) is connected; the output resistorR oAnd said power diode Di0Cathode of i = N and said capacitorC i2I = N, one end is connected; the output resistorR oThe voltage at both ends is output voltage V0Electric energy is supplied from a low-voltage DC power supplyV inTo the outputV oA pass to achieve high gain of voltage;
the specific connection relationship that 1 to N novel boost units of group connect gradually is:
the capacitor C in the ith groupi1And the other end of (b) and the capacitor C in the (i + 1) th groupi+1,1Is connected with one end of the connecting rod; power diode D in the ith groupi0And the cathode of group i +1L i+1,0And Ci+1,2The other end of the first and second connecting rods is connected;
the power switch tube S adopts a power MOS tube, and the power diode DSA body diode being a power MOS transistor S; the power switch tube S adopts a PWM control mode;
first capacitorC 1A second capacitorC 2Capacitor and method for manufacturing the sameC i1，i =1, …, N and capacitanceC i2，i =1, …, and N is a high-frequency capacitor;
and the input current zero ripple of the converter is realized by configuring the primary and secondary side inductance values and the coupling coefficient.
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