CN113317415A - Insect attractant and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Insect attractant and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113317415A CN113317415A CN202110745437.8A CN202110745437A CN113317415A CN 113317415 A CN113317415 A CN 113317415A CN 202110745437 A CN202110745437 A CN 202110745437A CN 113317415 A CN113317415 A CN 113317415A
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- insect attractant
- fructus amomi
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- 239000002418 insect attractant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000141331 Amomum villosum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021552 granulated sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 abstract description 32
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000256837 Apidae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 13
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001127714 Amomum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000019505 Deglutition disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000234299 Zingiberaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010153 self-pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses an insect attractant and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the insect attractant comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 1-3: 1-3: 0.05-0.15 of peanut meal, dried kitchen garbage and a sweetening agent. In the full-bloom stage of the spring fructus amomi, the insect attractant is scattered on the flowers, so that pollination insects such as honeybees and ants of the spring fructus amomi can be attracted to shuttle among the flowers, pollination is enhanced, the natural maturing rate of the spring fructus amomi is improved from 2.02% to 23% -24%, labor investment for artificial pollination is not needed, and the natural maturing rate of the spring fructus amomi can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material production, and particularly relates to an insect attractant, a preparation method of the insect attractant, application of the insect attractant in improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi, and a method for improving the pollination rate of the fructus amomi by using the insect attractant so as to improve the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi.
Background
Chun Sha ren is a special product of Yang Chun city, Guangdong province, and a geographical marker product of China. Chun Sha ren is a medicine with flower, fruit, root, stem and leaf. The Chinese medicine dictionary carries: "Guangdong and Guangxi, etc. Di … … produced by Sha ren is superior to Yangchun Sha ren. "Chinese pharmaceutical dictionary" year: yang Chun Sha ren is full and firm, while the smell is mild and strong … … other Sha ren are dry, flat and thin, and the smell is weak. "Ben Cao gang mu" especially also includes: chunsharu fruit of Zingiberaceae is warm in nature and pungent in flavor, has the effects of promoting qi circulation and flavoring, harmonizing stomach and activating spleen, and is mainly used for treating symptoms such as fullness in chest and epigastrium, dyspepsia in stomach, dysphagia and emesis. "Yangchun Shao Chong Zhi.
The fructus amomi is used as a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicinal material, has wide application and good development prospect in the aspects of pharmaceutical industry, spice industry, food industry, health care products and the like due to the effective components and rich volatile oil content, is far from meeting the increasing demand because people are abundantly mined and dug wild resources and the wild fructus amomi is endangered to be extinct, and is a necessary way for solving the resource shortage by artificial planting.
The spring fructus amomi flowers are amphoteric flowers and are normal cross-pollinated plants, and can be self-pollinated and fructified, and also can be cross-pollinated and fructified. Because the shape and structure of flowers are special, pistils are higher than stamens, anthers of the stamens are below the stigma of the pistils, the anther columns of the pistils are embedded in grooves of two anther chambers, the stigma is slightly higher than the anthers, pollen hardly falls on the stigma, spiny protrusions are formed on the surface of the pollen, the pollen is easily bonded into clusters and is difficult to scatter, pollination is blocked, self-pollination is difficult, the pollen can be conveyed to the stigma only with the help of external pollination media such as insects and the like to complete the pollination process, so that the fructus amomi often has the phenomenon of incomplete flowers or little flowers, the natural fruiting rate is only 3-8%, the yield is low, and the production requirement is difficult to meet. The pollination rate of the fructus amomi in spring can be improved by adopting artificial auxiliary pollination, such as a push-pull method, a pollen applying method and the like, compared with natural pollination, the artificial pollination can obviously improve the natural maturing rate, however, the artificial pollination is heavy in work, difficult for workers to please, and old in age, the hands and feet are extremely inflexible, the cost is high, the effect is poor, and therefore, the artificial pollination has the defects of time consumption, labor consumption, low efficiency, easy damage to flowers and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an insect attractant, which can attract external pollination media such as bees, ants, etc., and help fructus amomi to convey pollen to stigma to complete the pollination process, thereby improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi.
The specific technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
an insect attractant comprises the following components in a mass ratio of 1-3: 1-3: 0.05-0.15 of peanut meal, dried kitchen garbage and a sweetening agent.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the peanut meal, the sun-dried kitchen waste and the sweetener is: 1-2: 2-3: 0.05 to 0.1.
In some embodiments, the peanut meal is 40-60 mesh peanut meal.
In some of these embodiments, the sun-dried kitchen waste comprises: fishbone, pig bone, or chicken bone.
In some embodiments, the dried kitchen waste refers to kitchen waste which can be well dispersed after being dried in the sun to be powdered, and the kitchen waste is kitchen waste which is sieved by a sieve of 40 meshes to 60 meshes.
In some of these embodiments, the sweetener is white granulated sugar, saccharin, or fructose, preferably white granulated sugar.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the insect attractant.
The specific technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of an insect attractant comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the peanut meal, and sieving the crushed peanut meal with a 40-60-mesh sieve;
(2) drying the kitchen garbage in the sun until the kitchen garbage is pulverized, then dispersing the kitchen garbage well, crushing the kitchen garbage, and sieving the kitchen garbage with a 40-60-mesh sieve;
(3) and according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 1-3: 0.05-0.15, and uniformly mixing the peanut meal, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetening agent to obtain the peanut cake.
The invention also provides application of the insect attractant in improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi.
The invention also provides a method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi, and the method can improve the natural fructification rate by improving the pollination rate of the fructus amomi.
The specific technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
a method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi comprises the following steps: in the full-bloom stage of the fructus amomi, the insect attractant is uniformly scattered on the flowers of the fructus amomi.
In some embodiments, the method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a gentle slope or a slope with the closing degree of about 60% under an evergreen broad-leaf arbor forest or an artificial forest as a planting field;
(2) removing weeds and short shrubs, cutting off excessive shade trees, supplementing the trees for shading when the canopy density is insufficient, and spraying potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4% to a seedbed 28-32 days before planting for soil disinfection;
(3) transplanting in rainy season of 2-5 months per year, planting in 2.5-3.5 m dug holes according to the plant-row spacing of 1.3-1.8 m multiplied by 1.3-1.8 m, and applying a compound fertilizer and an organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer at the base parts of the holes; selecting plants which are strong in growth and have more flowers and fruits as stock plants, and cutting strong seedlings which have newly germinated stolons and do not expand at the base parts as seedlings; after covering soil and compacting, watering enough root fixing water;
(4) after the spring fructus amomi seedlings bloom well, selecting a clear and dry afternoon, uniformly broadcasting the insect attractant to the positions of the flowers, wherein the insect attractant is broadcasted only once in the whole flowering period and is broadcasted again when meeting rain;
(5) and stopping applying the insect attractant after the flowering phase is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a scheme for enhancing pollination before attracting insects to enhance natural pollination and improve natural maturing rate by spreading an insect attractant on flowers in full bloom period of fructus amomi aiming at the defects that natural pollination rate of fructus amomi is low, artificial pollination wastes time and energy and flowers are easy to damage; the dried kitchen garbage contains a large amount of animal tissue components, and can attract carnivorous ants to eat; the sweetener can attract bees to stay; the insect attractant attracts pollination insects of fructus amomi such as bees and ants to eat and stay in the former flowers, so that pollen can be spread and the aim of auxiliary pollination is fulfilled finally;
2. the inventor finds that the three components of the peanut meal, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetener have a synergistic interaction effect on improving the natural pollination rate of the fructus amomi, and further reasonably allocates the proportion of the three components to screen the insect attractant capable of obviously improving the natural pollination rate of the fructus amomi, so that the natural maturing rate is greatly improved. After the insect attractant is applied, the natural maturing rate of the fructus amomi is improved from 2.02% to 23% -24%, the labor investment of artificial pollination is not needed, and the natural maturing rate of the fructus amomi can be obviously improved.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1 insect attractant and method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi
The insect attractant for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1: 1:0.1 of peanut meal, dried kitchen garbage and a sweetening agent, wherein in the embodiment, the sweetening agent is fine white granulated sugar, and the kitchen garbage is animal residues such as fishbone, chicken bone and the like.
The insect attractant for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment is prepared by the following method:
(1) crushing 1000g of peanut meal, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve;
(2) crushing 1000g of the dried kitchen garbage to uniformly disperse the powder, and sieving the powder by a 40-mesh sieve;
(3) and uniformly mixing the crushed peanut meal, the kitchen garbage and 100g of fine white granulated sugar to obtain the peanut cake.
The method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. selecting a planting field
A gentle slope and a slope with the closing degree of about 60% under an evergreen broad-leaf arbor forest or an artificial forest are selected as planting fields.
2. Soil preparation
Weeds and short shrubs are removed, excessive shade trees are cut off, and when the canopy density is insufficient, trees are planted for shade. Spraying 0.3% potassium permanganate solution to the seedbed 30 days before planting for soil disinfection to ensure the healthy growth of plants.
3. Transplanting
Transplanting in rainy season of 2-5 months per year. Planting the plants at 3m dibbles according to the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 1.5m, and applying compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer as base fertilizer at the base of the dibbles. Selecting plants which are strong in growth and have more flowers and fruits as stock plants, and cutting strong seedlings which have newly germinated stolons and do not expand at the base parts as seedlings; and after covering soil and compacting, pouring enough root fixing water.
4. Broadcast application insect attractant
After the spring fructus amomi seedlings bloom well, selecting a dry afternoon, uniformly broadcasting the insect attractant to the positions of the flowers, wherein the insect attractant is only required to be broadcasted once in the whole flowering period, and luring bees or ants to collect honey among the spring fructus amomi flowers and to pollinate back and forth. And re-spreading in case of rain.
5. Counting the natural fruit setting rate
Counting the number of blossoms in the flowering period; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping applying the insect attractant, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 2 insect attractant and method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi
The insect attractant for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment comprises 1000g of peanut meal, 3000g of dried kitchen garbage and 100g of sweetening agent, wherein the sweetening agent is saccharin in the embodiment, and the kitchen garbage is animal residues such as fishbone and chicken bone.
The method for preparing the insect attractant of this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping applying the insect attractant, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3 insect attractant and method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi
The insect attractant for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment comprises 3000g of peanut meal, 1000g of dried kitchen garbage and 100g of a sweetening agent, wherein the sweetening agent is white granulated sugar, and the kitchen garbage is animal residues such as chicken bones and fishbones.
The method for preparing the insect attractant of this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping applying the insect attractant, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4 insect attractant and method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi
The insect attractant for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in the embodiment comprises 1000g of peanut meal, 1000g of dried kitchen garbage and 50g of sweetening agent, wherein the sweetening agent is fine white granulated sugar, and the kitchen garbage is animal residues such as chicken bones and fishbones.
The method for preparing the insect attractant of this example is the same as that of example 1.
The method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping applying the insect attractant, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
The procedure is the same as that in example 1 except that in step 4, after the spring amomum fruit seedlings bloom well, the mixture of peanut meal and dried kitchen garbage (mass ratio is 1:3) is uniformly scattered on the positions of the flowers.
Counting the number of blossoms in the flowering period; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping broadcasting the mixture of the peanut meal and the dried kitchen garbage, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that in step 4, after the full bloom period of the amomum villosum seedlings, the mixture of peanut meal and sweetener (mass ratio 1:0.1) was uniformly applied to the flower positions.
Counting the number of blossoms in the flowering period; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping broadcasting the mixture of the peanut meal and the sweetening agent, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
The procedure is the same as that of example 1 except that in step 4, after the full bloom period of the fructus amomi seedlings, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetener (the mass ratio is 3:0.1) are uniformly scattered on the positions of the flowers.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping broadcasting the mixture of the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetening agent, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
The steps are the same as the example 1 except that 4% of fine white granulated sugar solution is uniformly sprayed on the positions of the flowers after the spring fructus amomi seedlings in the step 4 bloom.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, stopping spraying the solution of the fine white granulated sugar, and counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
In the step 4, after the spring fructus amomi seedlings bloom well, the other steps are the same as the step 1 except that no treatment is carried out.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 6
The steps are the same as the example 1 except that the artificial pollination is carried out after the spring amomum fruit seedlings enter the full bloom stage in the step 4.
Counting the number of flowers in the flowering phase; and after the florescence of the fructus amomi is finished, counting the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi before picking the fruits. The results are shown in Table 1.
The statistics of the fructification rates of the amomum villosum in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-6 are shown in table 1, wherein the data are the average of three experiments per protocol.
TABLE 1
The results in table 1 show that although the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi after natural pollination by applying the insect attractant disclosed by the invention (examples 1-4) is different from the fructification rate of fructus amomi after artificial pollination (comparative example 6), the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi after applying the insect attractant disclosed by the invention (examples 1-4) is improved from 2.02% to 23% -24% and is obviously improved compared with natural pollination without applying the insect attractant (comparative example 5).
In addition, when two of the three components of the peanut meal, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetener form an attractant (comparative examples 1-3), or the prior sugar water (comparative example 4) used in the conventional insect attracting process is used to form the attractant to be sprinkled on the flowers, compared with the fruit setting rate of natural pollination (comparative example 5), the natural fruit setting rate of the fructus amomi in spring is also improved to a certain extent, however, the improvement efficiency is far lower than that of an attractant composed of three components (examples 1-4), the effect of the sweetener and the combination of the peanut meal and the dried kitchen garbage (comparative examples 2 and 3) is better than that of the combination of the peanut meal and the dried kitchen garbage (comparative example 1), the fact that the combination of the peanut meal, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetener in pairs has a certain effect of attracting insects to enhance pollination is shown, and the sweetener can play a more main role.
Therefore, in the full-bloom stage of the fructus amomi, the insect attractant disclosed by the invention is applied to attract bees or ants to pass through and pollinate among flowers, so that the natural pollination rate is enhanced, and the natural fructification rate of the fructus amomi is greatly improved on the premise of greatly reducing manpower, time and energy.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An insect attractant is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass of 1-3: 1-3: 0.05-0.15 of peanut meal, dried kitchen garbage and a sweetening agent.
2. An insect attractant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the peanut meal, the sun-dried kitchen waste and the sweetener is 1-2: 2-3: 0.05 to 0.1.
3. An insect attractant as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said peanut meal is 40 to 60 mesh screened peanut meal.
4. An insect attractant as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the sun-dried kitchen waste is kitchen waste which has been screened through a 40-60 mesh screen.
5. An insect attractant as set forth in claim 4 wherein said kitchen waste is fishbone, pig bone, or chicken bone.
6. An insect attractant as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said sweetener is white granulated sugar, fructose or saccharin.
7. A preparation method of an insect attractant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing the peanut meal, and sieving the crushed peanut meal with a 40-60-mesh sieve;
(2) drying and crushing the kitchen garbage, and sieving the kitchen garbage with a sieve of 40-60 meshes;
(3) and according to the mass ratio of 1-3: 1-3: 0.05-0.15, and uniformly mixing the peanut meal, the dried kitchen garbage and the sweetening agent to obtain the peanut cake.
8. Use of the insect attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for improving the natural fructification rate of amomum villosum.
9. A method for improving the natural fructification rate of fructus amomi is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the full-bloom stage of fructus amomi, the insect attractant of any one of claims 1 to 6 is uniformly spread on the flowers of fructus amomi.
10. The method for improving natural fructification rate of fructus amomi as claimed in claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a gentle slope or a slope with the closing degree of about 60% under an evergreen broad-leaf arbor forest or an artificial forest as a planting field;
(2) removing weeds and short shrubs, cutting off excessive shade trees, supplementing the trees for shading when the canopy density is insufficient, and spraying potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.2-0.4% to a seedbed 28-32 days before planting for soil disinfection;
(3) transplanting in rainy season of 2-5 months per year, planting in 2.5-3.5 m dug holes according to the plant-row spacing of 1.3-1.8 m multiplied by 1.3-1.8 m, and applying a compound fertilizer and an organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer at the base parts of the holes; selecting plants which are strong in growth and have more flowers and fruits as stock plants, and cutting strong seedlings which have newly germinated stolons and do not expand at the base parts as seedlings; after covering soil and compacting, watering enough root fixing water;
(4) and after the spring fructus amomi seedlings bloom well, selecting a clear and dry afternoon, uniformly broadcasting the insect attractant to the positions of the flowers, and broadcasting again when meeting rain.
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