CN113303926A - 一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,包括导针、扩张头、推杆和手柄;导针的一端为导针头,导针上套设有推杆,推杆靠近导针头的一端连接同样套设在导针外部的扩张头,推杆的另一端则连接有与导针滑动连接的手柄;本发明中的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,装置结构简单,操作便捷,应用于交叉韧带保残重建手术中,能够较为简单且高效地实现残留ACL韧带最大程度的包绕移植物,避免髁间窝撞击,从而减少降低术后的并发症,提高患者的预后。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,特别是涉及一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器。
背景技术
前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)损伤是一种常见的运动损伤。ACL损伤造成的膝关节不稳不仅影响患者日常生活和运动,而且进一步影响关节内的其他结构。因此,为恢复膝关节的稳定性,对损伤的ACL进行重建已达成共识。传统的ACL重建手术,为了术中清晰显露ACL股骨及胫骨止点的足印区,通常会将ACL残端进行清扫。近年来,国内外学者对ACL韧带重建的研究重点不仅聚焦于重建术后生物力学功能恢复方面,也关注ACL的生物学愈合和本体感觉的恢复对膝关节运动功能的影响。目前研究表明,ACL韧带周围存在控制膝关节本体感觉的机械感受器,大部分位于胫骨止点附近的滑膜内膜结构中,具有感知关节位置觉和平衡觉的作用,参与神经反射,通过刺激肌肉协调收缩保持膝关节的稳定性,因此保留ACL韧带残端有利于机械感受器张入移植物,使其重新获得神经支配,恢复本体感觉功能。ACL血供主要来于膝中动脉分支,远端部分依靠穿过髌下脂肪垫的膝下动脉,最终形成滑膜组织血管丛包绕着韧带组织,因此保留ACL韧带残端周围软组织血管丛可以为移植肌提供一个重要的血供来源,继而促进移植物的再血管化的过程。目前的研究表明ACL重建术后会出现骨隧道内口的扩大溶解现象,这是由于关节滑液对重建韧带腱骨愈合有负面影响,最终造成移植物的松弛,而保留ACL韧带残端可以起到对隧道内口的封堵作用,阻止关节液进入骨隧道,而且足够长的残端可能会建立股骨-胫骨的新的连接,从而增加移植物整体的抗拉断强度,因此保留ACL韧带残端有助于预防移植物的再松弛。目前,ACL断裂患者术中保留韧带残端已逐渐被临床医生认可,理想的保残重建当然是残留韧带完全包绕移植物,且不引起髁间窝的撞击、独眼畸形而导致伸直受限,然而临床上常会因残端的存在而导致视野不清,出现定位不准,较难达到残留韧带包绕移植物的情况,甚至可能会出现残端前移过多而引起前方撞击。
如何提供一种技术或者装置,能够较为简单且高效地实现残留ACL韧带最大程度的包绕移植物,避免髁间窝撞击,从而减少降低术后的并发症,提高患者的预后,是本领域技术人员需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,以解决上述现有技术存在的问题,能够简单且高效地实现残留ACL韧带最大程度的包绕移植物。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
本发明提供一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,包括导针、扩张头、推杆和手柄;所述导针的一端为导针头,所述导针上套设有推杆,所述推杆靠近所述导针头的一端连接同样套设在所述导针外部的扩张头,所述推杆的另一端则连接有与所述导针滑动连接的手柄。
优选地,所述导针头的尖端呈锥尖结构。
优选地,所述扩张头为朝向所述导针头直径逐渐变大的半椭圆罩体结构。
优选地,所述推杆为中空管体结构。
优选地,所述手柄为中心处带有滑孔的长方体结构。
优选地,所述扩张头、所述推杆和所述手柄为一体结构。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下有益技术效果:
本发明提供的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,包括导针、扩张头、推杆和手柄,通过推动导针上的推杆实现扩张头的扩张,在推动推杆的过程中,从小到大逐步调整扩张头的大小用以扩张ACL残端,直到扩张到与移植物相同的直径,随后完成ACL重建术的其他操作,最终将移植物穿过扩张后的ACL残端,进而实现残留ACL韧带最大程度的包绕移植物;本装置结构简单,操作便捷,应用于交叉韧带保残重建手术中,能够较为简单且高效地实现残留ACL韧带最大程度的包绕移植物,避免髁间窝撞击,从而减少降低术后的并发症,提高患者的预后。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器的结构示意图;
图中:1-导针头、2-扩张头、3-导针、4-推杆、5-手柄。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,以解决现有技术存在的问题。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本实施例中的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,如图1所示,包括导针3、扩张头2、推杆4和手柄5;导针3的一端为导针头1,导针3上套设有推杆4,推杆4靠近导针头1的一端连接同样套设在导针3外部的扩张头2,推杆4的另一端则连接由与导针3滑动连接的手柄5。
于本具体实施例中,导针头1的尖端呈锥尖结构;扩张头2为朝向导针头1直径逐渐变大的半椭圆罩体结构;推杆4为中空管体结构;手柄5为中心处带有滑孔的长方体结构。扩张头2、推杆4和手柄5为一体结构。
应用本发明中的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器于交叉韧带保残重建手术的具体操作方法如下:
利用前交叉韧带定位器的辅助下定位ACL胫骨止点的中央,随后钻取相应移植物直径的隧道直径,先用前交叉韧带残端扩张器对ACL残端进行扩张,随后按原扩张路径插入导针3,直到残端的另一端露出导针头1,选取相同尺寸的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,手握手柄5,随着推杆4的推进,扩张头2逐步推进残端中,直到抵达残端另一端,将残端的另一端扩张到与移植物相同的直径,随后完成ACL重建术的其他操作,最终将移植物穿过扩张后的ACL残端,并完成固定。
本发明应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (6)
1.一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:包括导针、扩张头、推杆和手柄;所述导针的一端为导针头,所述导针上套设有推杆,所述推杆靠近所述导针头的一端连接同样套设在所述导针外部的扩张头,所述推杆的另一端则连接有与所述导针滑动连接的手柄。
2.根据权利要求1所述的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:所述导针头的尖端呈锥尖结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:所述扩张头为朝向所述导针头直径逐渐变大的半椭圆罩体结构。
4.根据权利要求1所述的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:所述推杆为中空管体结构。
5.根据权利要求1所述的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:所述手柄为中心处带有滑孔的长方体结构。
6.根据权利要求1所述的前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器,其特征在于:所述扩张头、所述推杆和所述手柄为一体结构。
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CN104023649A (zh) * | 2011-06-06 | 2014-09-03 | 蓬蒂斯骨科有限责任公司 | 修复肌腱或韧带的方法和装置 |
KR20140060850A (ko) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-21 | 주식회사 솔고 바이오메디칼 | 후방십자인대 수술도구 세트 |
CN106137366A (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-23 | 刘小勇 | 一种制作可扩张椎体支架的记忆合金管 |
KR102026021B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-09-26 | 한림대학교 산학협력단 | 십자인대 재건시 골 터널 형성을 위한 단계적 확장 시스템 |
CN216777243U (zh) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-06-21 | 浙江大学 | 一种前交叉韧带残端加强扩张器 |
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