CN113292822B - 一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113292822B CN113292822B CN202110563986.3A CN202110563986A CN113292822B CN 113292822 B CN113292822 B CN 113292822B CN 202110563986 A CN202110563986 A CN 202110563986A CN 113292822 B CN113292822 B CN 113292822B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- composite material
- aramid
- aramid fiber
- preparation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011825 aerospace material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009990 desizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000089486 Phragmites australis subsp australis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013657 polymer matrix composite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011160 polymer matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
- D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
- D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
- D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳纶‑环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用,属于复合材料技术领域。该芳纶‑环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:将聚乙烯醇、变性淀粉、水混合均匀得浆料,用浆料对芳纶纤维上浆织造,之后置于碱液中水浴加热,固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入环氧树脂与固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置,剥离即得芳纶‑环氧树脂基复合材料。通过上述方法制备的芳纶‑环氧树脂基复合材料抗拉伸性能、抗弯曲性能、抗冲击性能优异,可用于制备安全防护、交通建设及航空航天材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用,属于复合材料技术领域。
背景技术
随着纺织技术的飞速发展,以纤维为主要原料的针织物、机织物及非织造布被广泛用作为复合材料的增强体材料。芳纶复合材料应用前景广阔,并且具有高拉伸强度、高拉伸模量、低密度和减震、耐磨、耐冲击、抗疲劳、尺寸稳定等优异性能。同时还具有良好的耐化学腐蚀、耐热、低膨胀、低导热等突出的热性能以及优良的介电性能。芳纶模量远远大于玻璃纤维和钢丝,芳纶的密度较小,比玻璃纤维轻40%左右,比典型的碳纤维轻20%左右,在安全防护和交通建设及航空航天材料使用中具有不可替代的作用。
目前,纤维增强体结构多为多层、角联锁结构或者铺层层压板结构,其中专利CN110372998 A公开了一种芳纶纤维增强环氧树脂基体复合材料及其制备方法,此法制备的复合材料虽具有高表层基体厚度,但是层压复合材料的层与层之间作用力依靠由树脂粘合,所以层压复合材料的层间性能和抗冲击强度较低,故当其承受弯曲作用力或冲击作用力时,材料层压面间易出现裂纹,如层间裂纹等问题;专利CN 111793323 A公开了一种热固性树脂基芳纶复合材料及其制备方法,芳纶纤维织物是多层机织双向布、单向布、无纺布或三维编织织物,虽增强了热固性树脂环氧树脂界面结合性能,但是单纯的织物铺层方式使制备的复合材料具有抗冲击性能差的缺点。
因此为实现制备高性能芳纶复合材料,亟待发展一种具备优异界面性能的复合材料制备体系。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法,通过以芳纶纤维为增强体原料,环氧树脂为基体,采用多层结构单元与平纹结构单元的不同配比制备多层织物,粘合经纱沿厚度方向以一定角度交织成型,从而提高复合材料的层间性能,使制备的芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料具有良好的力学性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将聚乙烯醇、变性淀粉、水混合均匀,加热至恒温并搅拌得浆料,用浆料对芳纶纤维上浆后在避光条件下织造,之后置于碱液中水浴加热,取出烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入环氧树脂与固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。
进一步地,所述聚乙烯醇、变性淀粉和水的质量比为3:7:115,聚乙烯醇含固率为5%-10%。
进一步地,所述加热至恒温温度为80℃-100℃,搅拌时间为2h-3h,搅拌在密封环境下进行,上浆温度为100℃-120℃。
进一步地,所述碱液为质量分数为5%-15%的NaOH溶液,水浴加热温度时间为2h-4h,烘干温度为80℃-90℃。
进一步地,所述环氧树脂与固化剂质量比为100:27,环氧树脂与固化剂的混合溶液配置时搅拌2-5min后静置8-10min。
进一步地,所述织造方式为将角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构进行复合配置,配置比为1-3:1-4。
进一步地,所述织造使用飞穿法穿筘,采用英制筘号为60的钢筘,所有的纱线都采用一入一筘的方法。
进一步地,所述薄膜上刷有外用脱模剂。
进一步地,所述压实放置时间为23h-25h。
进一步地,本发明还要求保护所述制备方法制备得到的芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料在制备安全防护、交通建设及航空航天材料时的应用。
纤维与树脂间的界面对于复合材料的力学性能起着极为关键的作用。芳纶的分子结构上的酰胺基团被分离,且其与苯环形成π共轭效应,内旋位能高,分子链节呈平面刚性伸直链,分子对称性高,定向程度和结晶度高。由于苯环的强空间位阻作用,酰胺基上的氢原子的反应活性很差,因此芳纶表面缺乏活性基团,导致芳纶与环氧树脂界面结合强度低,层间剪切强度差,所以通过对芳纶纤维表面进行改性,使芳纶能够更好的传递应力,具有良好的界面,芳纶与环氧树脂间的界面结合力可以达到最大。另外复合材料在使用过程中具有主承力方向,根据对主承力方向材料的力学要求,利用不同的混杂方式和织物结构进行混杂设计,具有可设计性。同时采用不同的铺层角度、机织密度也可以进一步对复合材料的力学性能做出影响,使混杂复合材料的强度和模量满足技术要求,从而提高复合材料的比强度和模量,使复合材料力学性能更好。
本发明公开了以下技术效果:
1)本发明通过上浆处理使松散的芳纶纤维浸渍贴合,提高其耐磨性能,并通过碱液对芳纶纤维增强体织物进行脱浆处理,增加环氧树脂的浸透力,保证环氧树脂界面结合性能优异,使得复合材料性能良好、稳定均一,该方法可在芳纶与树脂之间形成一层结合性极强的界面层,可大幅度提高与环氧树脂界面间的剪切强度。
2)本发明创新性地采用将角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构进行复合的织造方式,将多层组织结构单元和平纹组织结构单元进行搭配制备增强体,从而提高芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的抗拉伸性能、抗弯曲性能、抗冲击性能,进一步改善多层复合材料的力学性能,拓宽了多层复合材料的应用领域。
3)本发明选用芳纶纤维作为增强体基材,通过酰胺键直接与两个芳环连接而成的线性聚合物其模量远远大于玻璃纤维、碳纤维,具有密度小、质量轻、强度和模量高、耐磨,耐高温、耐化学腐蚀、阻燃、绝缘;防刺防割、抗疲劳、柔韧性好、尺寸稳定性好的特点。
4)本发明制备工艺简单,便于在行业内推广,具有良好的实际应用价值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图2为实施例2角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图3为实施例3角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图4为实施例3角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图5为实施例3角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图6为实施例6角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构图;
图7为对比例3角联锁结构的配置结构图;
图8为对比例4、5平面双轴向结构的配置结构图。
具体实施方式
现详细说明本发明的多种示例性实施方式,该详细说明不应认为是对本发明的限制,而应理解为是对本发明的某些方面、特性和实施方案的更详细的描述。
应理解本发明中所述的术语仅仅是为描述特别的实施方式,并非用于限制本发明。另外,对于本发明中的数值范围,应理解为还具体公开了该范围的上限和下限之间的每个中间值。在任何陈述值或陈述范围内的中间值以及任何其他陈述值或在所述范围内的中间值之间的每个较小的范围也包括在本发明内。这些较小范围的上限和下限可独立地包括或排除在范围内。
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有本发明所述领域的常规技术人员通常理解的相同含义。虽然本发明仅描述了优选的方法和材料,但是在本发明的实施或测试中也可以使用与本文所述相似或等同的任何方法和材料。本说明书中提到的所有文献通过引用并入,用以公开和描述与所述文献相关的方法和/或材料。在与任何并入的文献冲突时,以本说明书的内容为准。
在不背离本发明的范围或精神的情况下,可对本发明说明书的具体实施方式做多种改进和变化,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。由本发明的说明书得到的其他实施方式对技术人员而言是显而易见得的。本发明说明书和实施例仅是示例性的。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”、“含有”等等,均为开放性的用语,即意指包含但不限于。
以下通过实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明。
一、复合材料的制备
实施例1
将48g含固率8%的聚乙烯醇、112g变性淀粉、1840g水放入调浆桶混合均匀,升温加热至90℃,恒温封住调浆桶口并用自动搅拌器搅拌2.5h得浆料,浆料注入单纱浆机,在温度为100℃条件下对芳纶纤维1414进行上浆,同时开启风箱,上浆后在避光条件下按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构1:1的比例进行复合的方式进行织造,之后置于10%的NaOH溶液中水浴加热3h,取出并在85℃条件下烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入100g环氧树脂与27g固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置24h,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图1。
实施例2
将48g含固率10%的聚乙烯醇、112g变性淀粉、1840g水放入调浆桶混合均匀,升温加热至80℃,恒温封住调浆桶口并用自动搅拌器搅拌3h得浆料,浆料注入单纱浆机,在温度为110℃条件下对芳纶纤维1414进行上浆,同时开启风箱,上浆后在避光条件下按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构1:3的比例进行复合的方式进行织造,之后置于5%的NaOH溶液中水浴加热4h,取出并在90℃条件下烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入100g环氧树脂与27g固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置23h,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图2。
实施例3
将48g含固率5%的聚乙烯醇、112g变性淀粉、1840g水放入调浆桶混合均匀,升温加热至100℃,恒温封住调浆桶口并用自动搅拌器搅拌2h得浆料,浆料注入单纱浆机,在温度为120℃条件下对芳纶纤维1414进行上浆,同时开启风箱,上浆后在避光条件下按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构2:1的比例进行复合的方式进行织造,之后置于15%的NaOH溶液中水浴加热2h,取出并在80℃条件下烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入100g环氧树脂与27g固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置25h,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图3。
实施例4
同实施例1,区别仅在于,按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构1:2的比例进行复合的方式进行织造。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图4。
实施例5
同实施例1,区别仅在于,按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构1:4的比例进行复合的方式进行织造。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图5。
实施例6
同实施例1,区别仅在于,按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构3:1的比例进行复合的方式进行织造。角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图6。
对比例1
同实施例1,区别仅在于,用去离子水进行脱浆处理。
对比例2
同实施例1,区别仅在于,所用增强材料为碳纤维。
对比例3
同实施例1,区别仅在于,织造方式为平面多轴向。角联锁结构配置结构如图7。
对比例4
同实施例1,区别仅在于,织造方式为进行4次平面双轴向织造。平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图8。
对比例5
同实施例1,区别仅在于,织造方式为进行6次平面双轴向织造。平面双轴向结构的配置结构如图8。
对比例6
在避光条件下按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构进行复合的方式对芳纶纤维1414进行织造,之后置于10%的NaOH溶液中水浴加热3h,取出并在85℃条件下烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入100g环氧树脂与27g固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置24h,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。
对比例7
将48g含固率8%的聚乙烯醇、112g变性淀粉、1840g水放入调浆桶混合均匀,升温加热至90℃,恒温封住调浆桶口并用自动搅拌器搅拌2.5h得浆料,浆料注入单纱浆机,在温度为100℃条件下对芳纶纤维1414进行上浆,同时开启风箱,上浆后在避光条件下按照角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构进行复合的方式进行织造得芳纶纤维机织物,将芳纶纤维机织物固定在置物板上,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入100g环氧树脂与27g固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置24h,剥离即得芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。
二、性能测试
根据ASTM D3039/D3039M-08《聚合物基复合材料拉伸性能标准试验方法》测试标准制备复合材料的拉伸性能,测试结果见表1。
表1
弯曲性能测试标准则需根据实验采用方法及试样厚度进行选择,实验室内仪器测试方法为三点弯曲法,故选取ASTM D790为测试标准,测试结果见表2。
表2
冲击性能测试标准常见的有落锤冲击试验(ASTM D7136)、摆锤式(ASTM D6110)等,本实验由于采用的是XJJ-50S数显简支梁冲击试验机,本次测试采用实验室通用标准进行测试,测试结果见表3。
表3
由表1-3可知,多层组织结构单元和平纹组织结构单元的搭配的增强体制备的复合材料,对比原有的层压复合材料及多层复合材料的力学性能的影响都有改善及提高材料的力学性能。其中在拉伸测试中平纹组织结构起到了增强复合结构复合材料的抗拉伸强度,在弯曲测试中平纹组织结构提高了复合结构复合材料的抗弯曲性能,冲击测试中平纹组织结构也起到了提高复合结构复合材料的抗冲击性能。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (6)
1.一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将聚乙烯醇、变性淀粉、水混合均匀,加热至恒温并搅拌得浆料,用所述浆料对芳纶纤维上浆后在避光条件下织造,之后置于碱液中水浴加热,取出烘干得芳纶纤维机织物,将所述芳纶纤维机织物固定,薄膜覆盖并抽真空,注入环氧树脂与固化剂的混合溶液,压实放置,剥离即得所述芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料;
所述聚乙烯醇、变性淀粉和水的质量比为3:7:115,聚乙烯醇含固率为5%-10%;
所述织造方式为将角联锁结构与平面双轴向结构进行复合配置,配置比为1-3:1-4;
所述碱液为质量分数为5%-15%的NaOH溶液,水浴加热时间为2h-4h,烘干温度为80℃-90℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加热至恒温温度为80℃-100℃,搅拌时间为2h-3h,搅拌在密封环境下进行,上浆温度为100℃-120℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述环氧树脂与固化剂质量比为100:27,环氧树脂与固化剂的混合溶液配置时搅拌2-5min后静置8-10min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述压实放置时间为23h-25h。
5.一种权利要求1-4任一项所述制备方法制备得到的芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料。
6.权利要求5所述的芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料在制备安全防护、交通建设及航空航天材料中的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110563986.3A CN113292822B (zh) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | 一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110563986.3A CN113292822B (zh) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | 一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113292822A CN113292822A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
CN113292822B true CN113292822B (zh) | 2022-07-15 |
Family
ID=77324170
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110563986.3A Active CN113292822B (zh) | 2021-05-24 | 2021-05-24 | 一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113292822B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114163775A (zh) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-03-11 | 安徽工程大学 | 一种具有复合增强体结构的复合材料及其制备方法 |
CN115093678B (zh) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-06-30 | 安徽工程大学 | 一种全贯通特性的电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法及其应用 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108790337A (zh) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏工程职业技术学院 | 一种环保防水复合式保暖救生面料及其生产方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6767851B1 (en) * | 2000-04-05 | 2004-07-27 | Ahlstrom Glassfibre Oy | Chopped strand non-woven mat production |
KR101273841B1 (ko) * | 2009-03-30 | 2013-06-11 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | 아라미드 복합재 및 그 제조방법 |
CN103160996A (zh) * | 2011-12-17 | 2013-06-19 | 天津纺织工程研究院有限公司 | 一种复合芳纶航空阻燃面料及其加工工艺 |
CN103382598A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-06 | 常熟市新达纬编厂 | 复合芳纶航空阻燃面料的制备方法 |
CN105153647A (zh) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-16 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种多角度纤维混叠防弹盔壳的制备方法 |
CN108486726A (zh) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-04 | 南通大学 | 双层阻燃性调温机织物的织造方法 |
CN108867078A (zh) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-11-23 | 连云港神特新材料有限公司 | 一种隔热的剪切增稠液复合三维织物的制备方法与应用 |
CN109267341A (zh) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-25 | 中纺院(浙江)技术研究院有限公司 | 一种浆料及其调浆方法和上浆工艺 |
CN209816418U (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江成如旦新能源科技股份有限公司 | 一种双轴向芳纶缝编织物 |
CN110001144B (zh) * | 2019-03-02 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽工程大学 | 一种柔性复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN110372998B (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2020-07-07 | 山东大学 | 一种芳纶纤维增强环氧树脂基体复合材料及其制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-24 CN CN202110563986.3A patent/CN113292822B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108790337A (zh) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-13 | 江苏工程职业技术学院 | 一种环保防水复合式保暖救生面料及其生产方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
水溶性上浆剂改性芳纶增强环氧复合材料界面研究;黄振振等;《材料开发与应用》;20180615;第33卷(第03期);第33-38页 * |
芳纶纬编增强体复合材料的力学性能;翟媛媛等;《纺织高校基础科学学报》;20200930;第33卷(第03期);第8-12页 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113292822A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Sun et al. | Effects of stitch yarns on interlaminar shear behavior of three-dimensional stitched carbon fiber epoxy composites at room temperature and high temperature | |
CN113292822B (zh) | 一种芳纶-环氧树脂基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
El-Dessouky et al. | Ultra-lightweight carbon fibre/thermoplastic composite material using spread tow technology | |
JP5967084B2 (ja) | 炭素繊維基材、プリプレグおよび炭素繊維強化複合材料 | |
Dharmavarapu et al. | Aramid fibre as potential reinforcement for polymer matrix composites: a review | |
Hu et al. | A comparative study on interlaminar properties of l-shaped two-dimensional (2d) and three-dimensional (3d) woven composites | |
Kim et al. | Mechanical properties of woven laminates and felt composites using carbon fibers. Part 1: in-plane properties | |
El-Dessouky et al. | 3D woven composites: From weaving to manufacturing | |
Geerinck et al. | One-shot production of large-scale 3D woven fabrics with integrated prismatic shaped cavities and their applications | |
Goodarz et al. | The influence of graphene reinforced electrospun nano-interlayers on quasi-static indentation behavior of fiber-reinforced epoxy composites | |
Wu et al. | Effect of matrix modification on interlaminar shear strength of glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites at cryogenic temperature | |
Soden et al. | The design and fabrication of 3D multi-layer woven T-section reinforcements | |
Muralidhara et al. | The effect of fiber architecture on the mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy composites | |
Wang et al. | Ultra-high compressive strength of 3D woven spacer composites with bulked glass fiber and saturated resin absorption | |
Zachariah et al. | Experimental analysis of the effect of the woven aramid fabric on the strain to failure behavior of plain weaved carbon/aramid hybrid laminates | |
CN206217892U (zh) | 贯通道结构及具有其的列车 | |
JPH0625446A (ja) | クロスプリプレグおよびその製造法 | |
Adanur et al. | On-machine interlocking of 3D laminate structures for composites | |
El-Dessouky et al. | 3D weaving for advanced composite manufacturing: From research to reality | |
Nosraty et al. | Intraply hybrid composites based on basalt and nylon woven fabrics: tensile and compressive properties | |
CN218666892U (zh) | 一种拉伸可回复连续纤维增强形状记忆的复合材料结构 | |
El-Dessouky | Spread tow technology for ultra lightweight CFRP composites: Potential and possibilities | |
Shimokawa et al. | Carbon plain-weave fabric low-temperature vacuum cure epoxy composite: Static and fatigue strength at room and high temperatures and practicality evaluation | |
Kanitkar et al. | Investigation of flexural properties of glass-Kevlar hybrid composite | |
CN110951217B (zh) | 一种芳纶纤维增强碳纤维树脂预浸料及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |