CN113279264A - 一种防紫外线耐污面料及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种防紫外线耐污面料及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279264A CN113279264A CN202110150644.9A CN202110150644A CN113279264A CN 113279264 A CN113279264 A CN 113279264A CN 202110150644 A CN202110150644 A CN 202110150644A CN 113279264 A CN113279264 A CN 113279264A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防紫外线耐污面料及其制作方法，所述防紫外线耐污面料包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中，防紫外线耐污层由以下总和为100%重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯20‑35%、紫外线吸收剂5‑8%、纳米二氧化钛10‑15%、成膜剂2‑5%、中空玻璃微珠15‑20%、果胶5‑8%，余量为去离子水。本发明的面料通过了皮肤过敏测试、急性毒性实验以及致畸实验等一系列安全检测，确保了本发明面料的安全性。本发明实现了良好的防晒和耐污效果，且面料不易发黄，面料韧性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料技术领域，具体涉及一种防紫外线耐污面料及其制作方法。
背景技术
防止紫外线对人体的伤害，已经被越来越多的消费者所重视。太阳光谱中的紫外线不仅使纺织品褪色和脆化，也可使人体皮肤晒伤老化，产生黑色素和色斑，更严重的还会诱发癌变，危害人类健康。
紫外线对人体的皮肤和眼睛的影响最为明显。皮肤对紫外线的吸收与其波长有关。波长越短，透入皮肤的深度越小，照射后黑色素沉着较弱；波长越长，透入皮肤的深度越大，照射后黑色素沉着较强。由于受光化学反应的作用，能级较高的光子流能引起细胞内的核蛋白和一些酶的变性。因此，被紫外线照射后，需经过6-8h的潜伏期后才发生细胞的改变并出现症状，包括皮肤干痛、表皮皱缩，甚至起泡脱落。因此，为了保护人体避免过量紫外线的辐射，而对纺织品进行防紫外线面料整理。
发明内容
基于上述情况，本发明的目的在于提供一种防紫外线耐污面料及其制作方法，本发明制得的面料UPF范围防护等级能够达到50以上，且耐污、无毒、对人体安全，对皮肤无刺激、无过敏反应。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种防紫外线耐污面料，包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；其中，尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中，防紫外线耐污层由以下总和为100％重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯20-35％、紫外线吸收剂5-8％、纳米二氧化钛10-15％、成膜剂2-5％、中空玻璃微珠15-20％、果胶5-8％，余量为去离子水。
作为进一步的优选方案，防紫外线耐污层由以下重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯30％、紫外线吸收剂6％、纳米二氧化钛12％、成膜剂4％、中空玻璃微珠18％、果胶7％和去离子水23％。
作为进一步的优选方案，预处理液Ⅰ由以下重量份的原料组成：防紫外线填料30-40份、氧化锌10-15份、紫菜提取物10-15份、果胶3-5份和去离子水30-40份。
其中，预处理液Ⅰ的制备工艺包括：
制备防紫外线填料：将紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰混合，40-55℃水浴加热20-50min，制得乳液；将十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯混合后加入到乳液中，搅拌3h，形成悬浮液；用离心机将悬浮液进行分离，离心速度为3000rpm，得到沉淀物；将沉淀物用体积分数75％的乙醇洗涤3-5次，然后置于35-45℃烘箱中烘干10-12h，制得防紫外线填料，备用；
制备紫菜提取物：将洗净晾干的紫菜粉碎后，加入无水乙醇溶液中，在200W功率下超声波处理20-30min，在60-70℃下回流萃取50-60min，制得紫菜提取物，备用；
按照重量份数配比，将氧化锌、去离子水、果胶以及制得的防紫外线填料和紫菜提取物混合均匀，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅰ。
作为进一步的优选方案，在制备防紫外线填料中，紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰的质量比为4-5：1-1.2：0.05-0.1；十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯的质量比为2-3：1。
作为进一步的优选方案，预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：贝壳粉8-12份、纳米银20-25份、柠檬酸5-10份、虎杖提取液20-30份以及甜菜碱30-40份。
其中，预处理液Ⅱ的制备工艺包括：将虎杖提取液加热至36-45℃时，加入甜菜碱，搅拌处理0.3-0.5h，继续加热至50-65℃，加入贝壳粉和纳米银，搅拌处理1-3h，静置至常温，加入柠檬酸，搅拌5-10min，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅱ。
本发明还提供了一种防紫外线耐污面料的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中5-10分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中5-10分钟备用，纺丝时利用聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺织布获得织物；
(2)使用染料对织物进行染色获得染色织物，将获得的染色织物烘干，备用；
(3)按照质量百分比，将聚氨酯、紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、成膜剂、中空玻璃微珠、果胶以及去离子水混合后，涂覆于染色织物上，然后在室温下干燥10-15min后，再在50-60℃的烘道内干燥20-35min。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有的有益效果如下：
粘胶纤维具有较高的强力和耐疲劳性能，并且具有吸湿性，尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维预先浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中备用，防紫外线填料、氧化锌、紫菜提取物、果胶四者的协同作用，使得纤维材料在纺丝前就具备优良的防紫外线性能。而聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中备用，贝壳粉和纳米银的协同作用，具有较强的抗菌作用，使制得的面料在避免自身霉菌滋生的同时，还能够防止人体汗液的侵蚀作用，分解异味分子结构，使制得的面料具备耐污功能。且虎杖提取液中含有的蒽醌衍生物，甜菜碱与其的复合作用，使制得的面料具备抑菌耐污功能。
其中，预处理液Ⅰ中，将防紫外线填料制成微胶囊，微胶囊固着在织物上，可制成紫外线屏蔽率达90以上的纺织品，微胶囊可以缓释紫外线屏蔽作用，从而达到长效防紫外的目的。
在面料涂层中加入的紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、中空玻璃微珠、果胶，不仅使处理后的面料具备吸收紫外线的功能，还由于果胶的存在，果胶中的半乳糖醛酸增强了紫外线吸收剂对紫外线的吸收能力；而由于纳米二氧化钛、中空玻璃微珠的存在，提高了面料对紫外线的反射能力，使本发明的面料兼具屏蔽紫外线和吸收紫外线的能力。其中，纳米二氧化钛呈现出表面效应和量子效应，可以使细菌、病毒窒息而死，且将其与具有抗菌作用的贝壳粉、虎杖提取液、甜菜碱和纳米银相配合，抗菌广谱，效果增强，提高了面料的耐污效果。
本发明的面料通过了皮肤过敏测试、急性毒性实验以及致畸实验等一系列安全检测，确保了本发明面料的安全性。本发明实现了良好的防晒效果，且面料不易发黄，面料韧性好。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合具体实施例对本发明的优选实施方案进行描述，但是不能理解为对本专利的限制。
下述实施例中所述试验方法或测试方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均从常规商业途径获得或以常规方法制备，如紫外线吸收剂为安徽友丰新材料科技有限公司的UV-531型紫外线吸收剂。
实施例1：
一种防紫外线耐污面料，包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；其中，尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中，防紫外线耐污层由以下重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯30％、紫外线吸收剂6％、纳米二氧化钛12％、成膜剂4％、中空玻璃微珠18％、果胶7％和去离子水23％。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ由以下重量份的原料组成：防紫外线填料35份、氧化锌10份、紫菜提取物12份、果胶3份和去离子水40份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ的制备工艺包括：
制备防紫外线填料：将紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰混合，50℃水浴加热35min，制得乳液；将十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯混合后加入到乳液中，搅拌3h，形成悬浮液；用离心机将悬浮液进行分离，离心速度为3000rpm，得到沉淀物；将沉淀物用体积分数75％的乙醇洗涤5次，然后置于40℃烘箱中烘干11h，制得防紫外线填料，备用；
制备紫菜提取物：将洗净晾干的紫菜粉碎后，加入无水乙醇溶液中，在200W功率下超声波处理20min，在70℃下回流萃取50min，制得紫菜提取物，备用；
按照重量份数配比，将氧化锌、去离子水、果胶以及制得的防紫外线填料和紫菜提取物混合均匀，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅰ。
在本实施例中，紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰的质量比为4.5：1.2：0.05；十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯的质量比为2.2：1。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：贝壳粉10份、纳米银22份、柠檬酸5份、虎杖提取液20份以及甜菜碱40份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ的制备工艺包括：将虎杖提取液加热至45℃时，加入甜菜碱，搅拌处理0.4h，继续加热至65℃，加入贝壳粉和纳米银，搅拌处理2h，静置至常温，加入柠檬酸，搅拌8min，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅱ。
在本实施例中，一种防紫外线耐污面料的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中5分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中5分钟备用，纺丝时利用聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺织布获得织物；
(2)使用染料对织物进行染色获得染色织物，将获得的染色织物烘干，备用；
(3)按照质量百分比，将聚氨酯、紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、成膜剂、中空玻璃微珠、果胶以及去离子水混合后，涂覆于染色织物上，然后在室温下干燥14min后，再在50℃的烘道内干燥35min。
实施例2：
一种防紫外线耐污面料，包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；其中，尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中10分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中10分钟备用，防紫外线耐污层由以下重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯35％、紫外线吸收剂5％、纳米二氧化钛10％、成膜剂5％、中空玻璃微珠15％、果胶5％、去离子水25％。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ由以下重量份的原料组成：防紫外线填料40份、氧化锌15份、紫菜提取物10份、果胶4份和去离子水35份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ的制备工艺包括：
制备防紫外线填料：将紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰混合，55℃水浴加热20min，制得乳液；将十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯混合后加入到乳液中，搅拌3h，形成悬浮液，用离心机将悬浮液进行分离，离心速度为3000rpm，得到沉淀物；将沉淀物用体积分数75％的乙醇洗涤3次，然后置于35℃烘箱中烘干12h，制得防紫外线填料，备用；
制备紫菜提取物：将洗净晾干的紫菜粉碎后，加入无水乙醇溶液中，在200W功率下超声波处理30min，在60℃下回流萃取60min，制得紫菜提取物，备用；
按照重量份数配比，将氧化锌、去离子水、果胶以及制得的防紫外线填料和紫菜提取物混合均匀，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅰ。
在本实施例中，紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰的质量比为4：1：0.1；十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯的质量比为3：1。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：贝壳粉12份、纳米银20份、柠檬酸8份、虎杖提取液25份以及甜菜碱33份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ的制备工艺包括：将虎杖提取液加热至40℃时，加入甜菜碱，搅拌处理0.5h，继续加热至60℃，加入贝壳粉和纳米银，搅拌处理3h，静置至常温，加入柠檬酸，搅拌10min，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅱ。
在本实施例中，一种防紫外线耐污面料的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中10分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中10分钟备用，纺丝时利用聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺织布获得织物；
(2)使用染料对织物进行染色获得染色织物，将获得的染色织物烘干，备用；
(3)按照质量百分比，将聚氨酯、紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、成膜剂、中空玻璃微珠、果胶以及去离子水混合后，涂覆于染色织物上，然后在室温下干燥10min后，再在60℃的烘道内干燥20min。
实施例3：
一种防紫外线耐污面料，包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；其中，尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中8分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中8分钟备用，防紫外线耐污层由以下重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯20％、紫外线吸收剂8％、纳米二氧化钛12％、成膜剂2％、中空玻璃微珠20％、果胶8％、去离子水30％。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ由以下重量份的原料组成：防紫外线填料30份、氧化锌13份、紫菜提取物15份、果胶5份和去离子水30份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅰ的制备工艺包括：
制备防紫外线填料：将紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰混合，40℃水浴加热50min，制得乳液；将十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯混合后加入到乳液中，搅拌3h，形成悬浮液，用离心机将悬浮液进行分离，离心速度为3000rpm，得到沉淀物；将沉淀物用体积分数75％的乙醇洗涤4次，然后置于45℃烘箱中烘干10h，制得防紫外线填料，备用；
制备紫菜提取物：将洗净晾干的紫菜粉碎后，加入无水乙醇溶液中，在200W功率下超声波处理25min，在65℃下回流萃取55min，制得紫菜提取物，备用；
按照重量份数配比，将氧化锌、去离子水、果胶以及制得的防紫外线填料和紫菜提取物混合均匀，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅰ。
在本实施例中，紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰的质量比为5：1：0.05；十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯的质量比为2：1。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：贝壳粉8份、纳米银25份、柠檬酸10份、虎杖提取液30份以及甜菜碱30份。
在本实施例中，预处理液Ⅱ的制备工艺包括：将虎杖提取液加热至36℃时，加入甜菜碱，搅拌处理0.5h，继续加热至65℃，加入贝壳粉和纳米银，搅拌处理1h，静置至常温，加入柠檬酸，搅拌5min，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅱ。
在本实施例中，一种防紫外线耐污面料的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中8分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中8分钟备用，纺丝时利用聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺织布获得织物；
(2)使用染料对织物进行染色获得染色织物，将获得的染色织物烘干，备用；
(3)按照质量百分比，将聚氨酯、紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、成膜剂、中空玻璃微珠、果胶以及去离子水混合后，涂覆于染色织物上，然后在室温下干燥15min后，再在55℃的烘道内干燥35min。
采用市场购买的型号为HN-705尼丝纺防晒面料作为对比例1，根据GB/T18830-2009(纺织品防紫外线性能的评定)，裁取实施例1-3、对比例1相同大小的试样各一块，采用防紫外线及防晒保护测试仪进行测试，以测试的最低UPF值为测试对象的UPF值，测试结果见表1所示。
表1：防晒测试结果
| 项目 | UPF值 | UVA透射比 |
| 实施例1 | 53.2 | 4.01 |
| 实施例2 | 52.8 | 4.13 |
| 实施例3 | 53.1 | 4.07 |
| 对比例1 | 48.7 | 4.92 |
根据表1的结果可知，本发明实施例的面料具有优良的防紫外线性能。将对比例1、本发明实施例1-3制得的面料分别在洗衣机中清洗10次后，再在面料表面喷涂相同量的污渍，4-5h后观察面料表面的耐污能力，结果发现：本发明实施例的面料表面没有污渍，而对比例1的面料表面有轻微污渍。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，本发明还还可以做出若干改进和变化，这些改进和变化也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：包括基底布料和涂覆于基底布料表面上的防紫外线耐污层，所述基底布料由聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺而成；其中，所述尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中，所述聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中，所述防紫外线耐污层由以下总和为100%重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯20-35%、紫外线吸收剂5-8%、纳米二氧化钛10-15%、成膜剂2-5%、中空玻璃微珠15-20%、果胶5-8%，余量为去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：所述防紫外线耐污层由以下重量百分比的原料组成：聚氨酯30%、紫外线吸收剂6%、纳米二氧化钛12%、成膜剂4%、中空玻璃微珠18%、果胶7%和去离子水23%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：所述预处理液Ⅰ由以下重量份的原料组成：防紫外线填料30-40份、氧化锌10-15份、紫菜提取物10-15份、果胶3-5份和去离子水30-40份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：所述预处理液Ⅰ的制备工艺包括：
制备防紫外线填料：将紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰混合，40-55℃水浴加热20-50min，制得乳液；将十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯混合后加入到乳液中，搅拌3h，形成悬浮液；用离心机将悬浮液进行分离，离心速度为3000rpm，得到沉淀物；将沉淀物用体积分数75%的乙醇洗涤3-5次，然后置于35-45℃烘箱中烘干10-12h，制得防紫外线填料，备用；
制备紫菜提取物：将洗净晾干的紫菜粉碎后，加入无水乙醇溶液中，在 200W功率下超声波处理20-30min，在60-70℃下回流萃取50-60min，制得紫菜提取物，备用；
按照重量份数配比，将氧化锌、去离子水、果胶以及制得的防紫外线填料和紫菜提取物混合均匀，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅰ。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：在制备防紫外线填料中，所述紫外线吸收剂与二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯、过氧化二苯甲酰的质量比为4-5：1-1.2：0.05-0.1；所述十二烷基硫酸钠和亚磷酸酯的质量比为2-3：1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于：所述预处理液Ⅱ由以下重量份的原料组成：贝壳粉8-12份、纳米银20-25份、柠檬酸5-10份、虎杖提取液20-30份以及甜菜碱30-40份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料，其特征在于，所述预处理液Ⅱ的制备工艺包括：将虎杖提取液加热至36-45℃时，加入甜菜碱，搅拌处理0.3-0.5h，继续加热至50-65℃，加入贝壳粉和纳米银，搅拌处理1-3h，静置至常温，加入柠檬酸，搅拌5-10min，消泡处理，制得预处理液Ⅱ。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种防紫外线耐污面料的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将尼龙纤维和粘胶纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅰ中5-10分钟备用，聚酯纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维在纺丝前浸泡于预处理液Ⅱ中5-10分钟备用，纺丝时利用聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、尼龙纤维、棉纤维和亚麻纤维混纺织布获得织物；
（2）使用染料对织物进行染色获得染色织物，将获得的染色织物烘干，备用；
（3）按照质量百分比，将聚氨酯、紫外线吸收剂、纳米二氧化钛、成膜剂、中空玻璃微珠、果胶以及去离子水混合后，涂覆于染色织物上，然后在室温下干燥10-15min后，再在50-60℃的烘道内干燥20-35min。
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