CN113279001B - Wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen - Google Patents

Wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113279001B
CN113279001B CN202110479461.1A CN202110479461A CN113279001B CN 113279001 B CN113279001 B CN 113279001B CN 202110479461 A CN202110479461 A CN 202110479461A CN 113279001 B CN113279001 B CN 113279001B
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hydrogen
oxygen
seawater
unit
wind
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CN113279001A (en
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郭文礼
郭晔恒
孔瑞蕾
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Henan Hengju New Energy Equipment Co ltd
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Henan Hengju New Energy Equipment Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/008—Systems for storing electric energy using hydrogen as energy vector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Abstract

The invention provides a wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, which comprises a wind power generation unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit and a seawater pump station, wherein the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are both connected with the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit, the seawater pump station is connected with an electrolytic water tank of the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are arranged in the electrolytic water tank, a conductive coating with negative charges is coated on the anode electrode, and the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit is circularly communicated with the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit. The invention realizes that wind energy and solar energy renewable energy are converted into electric energy and supplied to the seawater electrolysis hydrogen-oxygen production unit, thereby reducing the power consumption cost and being green and environment-friendly; the seawater electrolysis hydrogen-oxygen production unit takes seawater as electrolyte, reduces the loss of fresh water resources, reduces the hydrogen production cost, ensures the hydrogen production efficiency, prolongs the service life of the anode and promotes the development of water electrolysis hydrogen production.

Description

Wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy, in particular to a wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater.
Background
In the existing hydrogen production methods, only the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water is most environment-friendly, other hydrogen production methods are accompanied by the generation of a large amount of carbon dioxide, and generally, the production of 1kg of hydrogen is accompanied by CO 2 The maximum production of CO as a greenhouse gas is as much as 11kg 2 Low emissions also impose high carbon emissions taxes. Therefore, hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water to make hydrogen economical and environment-friendly. The hydrogen production process by electrolyzing water is simple, pollution-free, high in product purity (up to 99.99%), rich in global water resource and the like.
However, the hydrogen production by water electrolysis has a big bottleneck that the cost of hydrogen production is too high, and the reason is that:
1. at present, the hydrogen production by electrolyzing water has extremely high requirements on water quality, the content of chloride ions in the water is required to be controlled below 1mg/L, but the service life of an electrode is very short, and the cost is very high for achieving the water quality. The hydrogen production by water electrolysis consumes a large amount of water resources, and if fresh water resources are used, the balance of local water resources is lost. Seawater is a field with abundant water resources, but the seawater has high salt content and extremely high chloride ion content, and the cost is extremely high if the seawater is prepared into pure water (the salt content is less than or equal to 1 mg/L) to electrolyze water to prepare hydrogen.
2. The method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water consumes a large amount of power, but the cost for producing hydrogen is relatively high because the price of electricity of the current power grid is high, and the price of electricity as an important raw material for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water hinders the development of producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen, which can be used for solving the defects of high hydrogen production cost in water electrolysis caused by excessive fresh water resource consumption and large power consumption in water electrolysis in the prior art, realizing the direct seawater electrolysis hydrogen production by utilizing wind energy and solar energy for power generation, and reducing the hydrogen production cost by water electrolysis.
The invention provides a wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, which comprises a wind power generation unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit and a seawater pump station, wherein the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are both connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit and used for providing electric energy for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit;
an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are arranged in the electrolytic bath body, and a conductive coating with negative charges is sprayed on the surface of the anode electrode.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit further comprises a diaphragm, the diaphragm is arranged in the electrolytic cell body and divides the electrolytic cell body into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber, the cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber, and the anode is arranged in the anode chamber.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater, the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit comprises an electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit, a crystalline salt separating subunit, a salt dissolving tank and a crystalline salt dryer, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit is circularly communicated with the seawater hydrogen and oxygen producing unit, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit is connected with the crystalline salt separating subunit, and the crystalline salt ion unit is respectively connected with the salt dissolving tank and the crystalline salt dryer.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, provided by the invention, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit is connected with the seawater pump station, and the electrolysis cooling crystalline salt subunit is connected with the salt dissolving tank.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen storage and integration combined system for hydrogen and oxygen production by direct seawater electrolysis, the wind power generation unit comprises a tower frame, a central support shaft, a turbine rotor, a turbine stator, a variable pitch air door and a wind collector, the central support shaft is vertically installed in the tower frame, the turbine rotor is connected to the central support shaft, the turbine stator is matched with the turbine rotor and is arranged on the outer side of the turbine rotor, the variable pitch air door is arranged on the tower frame and is opposite to the turbine stator, and the wind collector is arranged on the tower frame and is opposite to the variable pitch air door.
According to the wind, solar, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, provided by the invention, the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic cell panel, and the photovoltaic cell panel is arranged on the top side of the tower.
The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen also comprises a rectifying unit and a direct current control unit, wherein the output end of the wind power generation unit is connected with the rectifying unit, the rectifying unit is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit, and the output end of the direct current control unit is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit.
The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen also comprises a hydrogen purification unit, a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein the hydrogen purification unit is connected with the hydrogen production and oxygen production unit by electrolyzing water, the hydrogen compressor is connected with the hydrogen purification unit, and the hydrogen storage tank is connected with the hydrogen compressor.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen storage and integration combined system for producing hydrogen and oxygen by directly electrolyzing seawater, provided by the invention, the hydrogen purification unit comprises a deoxygenator, a cooler, a secondary gas-water separator, a dryer and a hydrogen refining subunit which are sequentially connected along the flowing direction of hydrogen, wherein the gas inlet of the deoxygenator is connected with the hydrogen production and oxygen production unit by electrolyzing seawater, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen refining subunit is connected with the gas inlet of a hydrogen compressor.
The wind, solar, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen also comprises an oxygen purification unit, an oxygen compressor and an oxygen storage tank, wherein the oxygen purification unit is connected with the electrolytic tank body, the oxygen purification unit is connected with the oxygen compressor, and the oxygen compressor is connected with the oxygen storage tank.
The wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for providing electric energy for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the seawater pumping station is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for providing seawater for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the electrolyte cooling desalination unit is circularly communicated with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for cooling the electrolyte in the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and crystallizing and separating salt in the electrolyte, so that wind energy and solar renewable energy are converted into electric energy and provided for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the system is green and environment-friendly; the seawater electrolysis hydrogen-oxygen production unit takes seawater as electrolyte, reduces the loss of fresh water resources, reduces the hydrogen production cost, ensures the hydrogen production efficiency and promotes the development of water electrolysis hydrogen production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the integrated wind, solar, electricity and hydrogen storage system for direct electrolysis of seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a process of a hydrogen production unit by electrolyzing seawater in a combined hydrogen and oxygen supply system by integrating wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a seawater electrolysis hydrogen production unit in the wind, solar, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit of the combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a hydrogen purification unit in the combined hydrogen and oxygen supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater for hydrogen production by integrating wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a deoxygenator in a combined oxygen and hydrogen production system by direct electrolysis of seawater for integrating wind, solar, electricity and hydrogen storage provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage integrated wind power generation unit in a combined hydrogen and oxygen supply system for directly electrolyzing seawater;
FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of a combined system for producing hydrogen and oxygen by directly electrolyzing seawater through integration of wind, light, electricity and hydrogen storage provided by the invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
1. a wind power generation unit; 101. a tower; 102. a turbine rotor; 103. a turbine stator; 104. a variable pitch air door; 105. a wind collector; 106. a rain cover; 107. a capping platform; 108. a machine room; 109. a central support shaft;
2. a photovoltaic power generation unit; 201. a photovoltaic cell panel;
3. a rectifying unit; 4. a direct current control unit; 5. an electricity storage unit;
6. a hydrogen and oxygen production unit by seawater electrolysis; 601. an electrolytic cell; 6011. an electrolyte; 6012. a cathode electrode; 6013. an electrolytic cell body; 6014. a cathode chamber; 6015. an anode chamber; 6016. an anode electrode; 6017. a diaphragm; 6018. a conductive coating; 6019. a supply line; 602. a hydrogen gas heat exchanger; 603. a hydrogen separator; 604. a hydrogen washing tower; 605. a hydrogen intermediate storage tank; 606. a hydrogen gas-water separator; 607. an oxygen heat exchanger; 608. an oxygen separator; 609. an oxygen washing tower; 610. an oxygen intermediate storage tank; 611. an oxygen gas-water separator;
7. an alkali liquor tank; 8. a seawater filter; 9. a seawater pump station;
10. a hydrogen purification unit; 1001. a deoxygenator; 1002. a cooler; 1003. a secondary gas-water separator; 1004. a dryer; 1005. a hydrogen refining subunit;
11. a hydrogen compressor; 1101. a first compressor; 1102. a second compressor; 1103. a third compressor; 1104. a fourth compressor; 1105. a fifth compressor;
12. a hydrogen storage tank; 1201. a first storage tank; 1202. a second storage tank; 1203. a third storage tank; 1204. a fourth storage tank; 1205. a fifth storage tank; 1206. a sixth storage tank; 1207. a seventh storage tank; 1208. an eighth storage tank; 1209. a ninth storage tank;
13. a hydrogen station; 14. a hydrogen liquefaction plant; 15. an oxygen compressor; 16. an oxygen storage tank; 17. an inverter; 18. a factory distribution room; 19. a fuel cell test station;
20. an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit; 2001. cooling the electrolyte to crystallize the salt subunit; 2002. a crystalline salt separator subunit; 2003. a salt dissolving tank; 2004. a crystal salt dryer;
21. an oxygen purification unit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen comprises a wind power generation unit 1, a photovoltaic power generation unit 2, an electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit 20 and a seawater pump station 9, wherein the wind power generation unit 1 and the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 are both connected with the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6 and used for providing electric energy for the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6, the seawater pump station 9 is connected with the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6 and used for providing seawater for the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6, and the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit 20 is circularly communicated with the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6 and used for cooling an electrolyte 6011 in the electrolyzed seawater hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6 and separating salt crystals in an electrolyte 6011. It can be understood that the system specifically comprises a wind power generation unit 1, a photovoltaic power generation unit 2, a rectification unit 3, a direct current control unit 4, an electricity storage unit 5, an electrolytic seawater hydrogen-oxygen production unit 6, an alkaline liquor tank 7, a seawater filter 8, a seawater pumping station 9, a hydrogen purification unit 10, a hydrogen compressor 11, a hydrogen storage tank 12, a hydrogenation station 13, a hydrogen liquefaction station 14, an oxygen compressor 15, an oxygen storage tank 16, an inverter 17, a plant power distribution room 18, a fuel cell test station 19, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit 20 and an oxygen purification unit 21.
According to the integrated wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen storage and oxygen generation combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater, provided by the invention, the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen generation unit 6 comprises an electrolytic cell 601, a hydrogen heat exchanger 602, a hydrogen separator 603, a hydrogen washing tower 604, a hydrogen intermediate storage tank 605, a hydrogen gas-water separator 606, an oxygen heat exchanger 607, an oxygen separator 608, an oxygen washing tower 609, an oxygen intermediate storage tank 610 and an oxygen gas-water separator 611. It can be understood that the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6 is a seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device directly utilizing renewable energy, the electrolysis working temperature is 70-85 ℃, and the electrolyte 6011 is an alkaline aqueous solution. The hydrogen from the electrolytic tank 601 carries part of the foggy electrolyte 6011, the temperature is about 80 ℃, the foggy electrolyte 6011 carried by the hydrogen is changed into liquid through the hydrogen heat exchanger 602, the liquid enters the hydrogen separator 603, the liquid is separated out and flows back to the electrolytic tank 601 again, the electrolytic tank 601 is guaranteed to be filled with the electrolyte 6011 all the time, and the temperature in the electrolytic tank 601 can be kept about 80 ℃ in the circulating process. However, the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen separator 603 has a high temperature, and still contains water vapor and a small amount of electrolyte 6011, so the hydrogen gas from the hydrogen separator 603 is sent to the hydrogen washing tower 604, further cooled and washed, the temperature of the hydrogen gas is reduced to normal temperature in the hydrogen washing tower, the water content in the hydrogen gas is reduced, and the electrolyte 6011 is washed away, so that the hydrogen gas becomes cleaner and enters the hydrogen intermediate storage tank 605. The seawater or deionized water used as the washing water of the hydrogen washing tower 604 is diluted alkaline solution formed by the trace amount of alkali contained in the seawater from the hydrogen washing tower 604, and the diluted alkaline solution of the seawater is used as the supplementary water to enter the electrolytic tank 601. For further purification of hydrogen, the hydrogen gas is further dehydrated in the hydrogen gas-water separator 606 before entering the hydrogen purification unit 10, and then enters the hydrogen purification unit 10.
According to the wind, solar, electric and hydrogen storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, provided by the invention, the seawater hydrogen and oxygen electrolysis unit 6 comprises an electrolysis tank 6013, a diaphragm 6017, an anode 6016 and a cathode 6012, wherein the electrolysis tank 6013 is connected with a seawater pump station 9 and used for storing an electrolyte 6011, the diaphragm 6017 is arranged in the electrolysis tank 6013 and divides the electrolysis tank 6013 into a cathode chamber 6014 and an anode chamber 6015, the cathode 6012 is arranged in the cathode chamber 6014, and the anode 6016 is arranged in the anode chamber 6015. It can be understood that the electrolytic cell 601 adopts a medium-pressure filter-press structure, and directly electrolyzes seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The electrolytic tank 601 is composed of three electrolytic tank bodies 6013 connected in series. The preparation of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing seawater is carried out in an electrolytic tank 6013, the electrolytic tank 6013 is filled with 30% potassium hydroxide alkaline solution and alkaline electrolyte 6011, and the conductivity of water is increased. An electrolytic bath 6013 is divided by a partition 6017 into a cathode chamber 6014 and an anode chamber 6015, and the cathode 6012 and the anode 6016 are disposed in the respective chambers. When a voltage is applied between the two electrodes, a current is passed through the electrolyte 6011 to electrolyze water in the electrolyte 6011, so as to generate hydrogen gas in the cathode chamber 6014 for discharge, and enter the hydrogen treatment side, and generate oxygen gas in the anode chamber 6015 for discharge, and enter the oxygen treatment side, and perform purification treatment on hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. The anode electrode 6016 and the cathode electrode 6012 each use a nickel-plated iron electrode. The electrolytic solution 6014 is supplied to each electrolytic bath 6013 through a supply line 6019.
Wherein, in the alkaline electrolyte, the reaction of the cathode chamber 6014 is 4H 2 O+4e＝H 2 +4OH - In the cathode chamber H 2 Preparation of H by obtaining electrons from O 2 ，H 2 Discharged from the cathode chamber 6014; 4OH - Enters an anode electrode chamber 6015 through a diaphragm 6017, and 4OH in the anode electrode chamber 6015 - ＝2H 2 O+O 2 +4e, OH in Anode cell 6015 - Loss of electrons, 4OH - Form a2H 2 O, one O 2 Oxygen is discharged from the anode chamber 6015.
According to the invention, the wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system is used for a hydrogen and oxygen combined supply system by directly electrolyzing seawater, a negatively charged conductive coating 6018 is sprayed on the surface of an anode 6016, and the conductive coating 6018 is sprayed by adopting an electrostatic spraying method. It is understood that the seawater contains many salts, which ionize chloride ions, especially sodium chloride, most seriously, and the chloride ions enter the anode chamber 6015 through the membrane 6017 under the action of the electric field, and contact with the anode 6016, so that the corrosion to the anode 6016 is serious, and the life of the anode 6016 is greatly shortened. When seawater is directly electrolyzed, the service life of the anode electrode is only 20 hours, and the electrostatic spraying method is utilized to coat a layer of negatively charged conductive coating 6018 on the surface of the anode electrode 6016, so that the service life of the anode electrode 6016 is greatly prolonged, reaching one thousand hours and being prolonged by 70 times. In addition, the conductive coating 6018 isolates chloride ions, so that the current density can be increased, and the hydrogen production efficiency of electrolyzed water is greatly improved by 8-10 times by the conductive coating 6018.
According to the wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen, the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit 20 comprises an electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit 2001, a crystalline salt separating subunit 2002, a salt dissolving tank 2003 and a crystalline salt dryer 2004, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit 2001 is circularly communicated with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen producing unit 6, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit 2001 is connected with the crystalline salt separating subunit 2002, and the crystalline salt separating subunit 2002 is respectively connected with the salt dissolving tank 2003 and the crystalline salt dryer 2004. It will be appreciated that the seawater pumping station 9 continuously supplies seawater to the electrolytic bath 601 to maintain the liquid level of the electrolytic bath 601, since the level of the electrolyte 6011 in the electrolytic bath 601 is lowered due to the discharge of hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolysis of water molecules in the electrolytic bath 601. The electrolyte 6011 in the electrolytic cell 601 will be more and more concentrated in salt content. Mainly carbonate generated by sodium chloride, calcium ions and magnesium ions influences the hydrogen production efficiency of seawater electrolysis. In order to maintain the stability of hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis, salts such as sodium chloride in the electrolytic tank 601 must be removed. When the concentration of sodium chloride in the electrolytic tank 601 reaches 15%, the temperature of the electrolyte 6011 is introduced into the electrolyte cooling crystallization salt subunit 2001 from 70-85 ℃, when the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, sodium chloride is crystallized into crystals, a solid-liquid two-phase body is formed in the electrolyte cooling crystallization salt subunit 2001, the solid-liquid two-phase body is introduced into the crystallization salt separation subunit 2002, the sodium chloride crystals are separated out through centrifugation, the electrolyte 6011 containing potassium hydroxide is returned to the electrolytic tank 601, and the alkalinity of the electrolyte 6011 in the electrolytic tank 601 is maintained unchanged.
According to the wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen, provided by the invention, an electrolyte cooling crystallized salt subunit 2001 is connected with a seawater pump station 9, and the electrolysis cooling crystallized salt subunit is connected with a salt dissolving tank 2003. Sodium chloride can be used as a chemical raw material for preparing alkali, if the sodium chloride can not be consumed, salt can be discharged into a salt dissolving tank 2003, the cooled seawater of the electrolyte solution cooling crystallization salt subunit 2001 passes through the salt dissolving tank 2003, the salt is dissolved and harmlessly discharged into the sea, and the concentration of the sodium chloride and the concentration of the potassium hydroxide are kept unchanged.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen storage and integration combined system for producing hydrogen and oxygen by directly electrolyzing seawater, the wind power generation unit 1 comprises a tower frame 101, a center support shaft 109, a turbine rotor 102, a turbine stator 103, a variable pitch air door 104 and a wind collector 105, wherein the center support shaft 109 is vertically installed in the tower frame 101, the turbine rotor 102 is connected to the center support shaft 109, the turbine stator 103 is matched with the turbine rotor 102 and is configured on the outer side of the turbine rotor 102, the variable pitch air door 104 is arranged on the tower frame 101 and is opposite to the turbine stator 103, and the wind collector 105 is arranged on the tower frame 101 and is opposite to the variable pitch air door 104. It can be understood that wind energy and solar energy power generation have the defects of low energy density and poor stability, and are obviously influenced by geographical distribution, seasonal change, day and night alternation and the like. However, solar energy and wind energy have certain complementarity in time and region, solar energy is strong in light and weak in wind in the daytime, and illumination is weak at night, and wind force is aggravated due to large change of surface temperature difference at night. The solar illumination intensity is high and the wind is low in summer, and the solar illumination intensity is low and the wind is high in winter. The solar power generation is stable and reliable, but the cost is high, the wind power generation cost is relatively low, but the randomness is high, the power supply reliability is poor, the occupied area of the unit power generation of the solar power generation is large, the occupied area of the unit power generation of the wind power generation is small, and the land utilization rate is high. According to the characteristics, the wind power generation and the solar power generation are combined to form a wind power and solar power generation complementary system (wind and light complementary system), so that the advantages can be made up, the day and night continuous power supply can be realized, and the power generation cost can be reduced. If the power generated by the wind-solar hybrid system is used, hydrogen is produced by a water electrolysis method, and the power cost for producing the hydrogen is greatly reduced.
Further, the wind power generation unit 1 adopts a mode of turbine wind power generation by a center support shaft 109, and specifically comprises a tower 101, the center support shaft 109, a turbine rotor 102, a turbine stator 103, a pitch damper 104 and a wind collector 105, wherein the center support shaft 109 is arranged along the vertical direction and is stably installed in the tower 101. After accelerating the airflow, the wind collector 105 guides the airflow to the variable pitch air door 104, the variable pitch air door 104 changes the attack angle according to the wind speed, the maximum value of the wind speed and the maximum wind pressure are transmitted to the turbine stator 103 to be acted on the turbine rotor 102, and the turbine rotor 102 drives the center support shaft 109 to rotate, so that the wind energy is converted into mechanical energy.
The top side of tower 101 is equipped with rain cover 106, and rain cover 106 is used for covering turbine rotor 102, and the horizontal direction size of rain cover 106 is no less than turbine rotor 102 horizontal direction size, prevents that rainwater from drenching turbine rotor 102. The generator is arranged in the machine room 108, and plays a role in protecting the generator.
According to the invention, the wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system is used for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 comprises a photovoltaic cell panel 201, and the photovoltaic cell panel 201 is arranged on the top side of the tower frame 101. It will be appreciated that the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels 201, the photovoltaic panels 201 being arranged on the top side of the tower 101 for receiving solar illumination. The photovoltaic cell panel 201 is arranged on the top sealing platform 107 at the top side of the tower 101, and because the height of the central supporting shaft 109 and the height of the tower 101 are both over hundred meters, dust in the air is little, and the light transmittance of sunlight is good, that is, more solar energy is received by the photovoltaic power generation unit 2, so that not only more solar energy is obtained, but also the utilization rate of the land is greatly increased, and two purposes are achieved at one stroke.
It should be noted that the top side of the rain cover 106 may also be provided with a photovoltaic cell panel 201, which may also be used as a sightseeing platform, and if the wind power generation unit 1 is used for offshore or deep-sea wind power generation, this rain cover 106 may be used as a parking apron of a small helicopter. The arrangement mode of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation combines the two modes into a wind-solar complementary integrated mode, so that the natural resources are more fully utilized, day-night power generation can be realized, and the continuity, stability and reliability of the power generation of the whole system can be improved. This also makes the initial investment per unit capacity of the system and the cost of power generation lower than both separate systems.
It should be noted that the photovoltaic cell panel 201 may also be disposed on the periphery of the bottom side of the tower 101 to increase the receiving amount of solar light and increase the conversion amount of photovoltaic direct current.
The wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen also comprises a rectifying unit 3 and a direct current control unit 4, wherein the output end of the wind power generation unit 1 is connected with the rectifying unit 3, the rectifying unit 3 is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit 4, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit 4, and the output end of the direct current control unit 4 is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit 6. It can be understood that the wind power generation unit 1 emits a random alternating current, and sends the random alternating current to the rectification unit 3, and the random alternating current is rectified into a direct current to the direct current control unit 4. The photovoltaic power generation unit 2 generates direct current, and the direct current is directly transmitted to the direct current control unit 4.
The direct current control unit 4 can adjust and distribute the input power and the output power of the wind power and photovoltaic hybrid power generation system, has the function of monitoring, controls the charging and discharging of a storage battery in the power storage unit 5, monitors two paths of input electric energy at any time, transmits one part of the electric energy to the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit 6, distributes one part of direct current to the inverter 17 to be changed into alternating current for power equipment and domestic electricity in a plant, and charges the storage battery of the power storage unit 5 by the residual direct current. When the dc control unit 4 is not electrically adjustable, it can automatically discharge the stored power of the power storage unit 5 back to the dc control unit 4. The charging and discharging functions of the storage battery are automatically balanced. When the control unit receives the direct current sent back by the storage battery, the direct current is firstly distributed to the inverter 17, so that the power and the lighting electricity inside the plant are ensured, and the stability of the power supply voltage of the direct current control unit 4 is ensured. According to the sunlight intensity and the load change of the wind power, the working state of the storage battery is continuously adjusted, so that the storage battery is charged and discharged alternately under various working conditions, and the continuity and the stability of wind-solar hybrid power generation are ensured. The dc control unit 4 is also provided to prevent the occurrence of overcharge and overdischarge of the battery. The direct current control unit 4 also has the control functions of high-low voltage alarm and disconnection; and current and voltage indication, voltage stabilization output and time counting are also configured. The whole direct current control unit 4 realizes intelligent control, fully utilizes the characteristics of wind power and photovoltaic complementation, intelligently determines the load proportion of photovoltaic and wind power, processes the relation between the control mode and the load change, and embodies the superiority of solar energy and wind energy complementation power generation.
The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen also comprises a hydrogen purification unit 10, a hydrogen compressor 11 and a hydrogen storage tank 12, wherein the hydrogen purification unit 10 is connected with the hydrogen and oxygen production unit by electrolyzing water, the hydrogen compressor 11 is connected with the hydrogen purification unit 10, and the hydrogen storage tank 12 is connected with the hydrogen compressor 11. It can be understood that the hydrogen purification unit 10 ensures that the purity of the hydrogen gas is 99.999% -99.99%, then the hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen compressor 11, after the hydrogen compressor 11 is pressurized, the hydrogen gas enters the hydrogen storage tank to be stored, and when the hydrogen gas is used, the hydrogen gas is loaded by the hydrogen loading station 13 or transported by other transportation means.
Wherein, the density of the hydrogen is very low at normal pressure and normal temperature, and is only 0.08988g/L. However, hydrogen is a compressible gaseous material, and if hydrogen is compressed, its density increases with increasing pressure, and if hydrogen is compressed to 5MPa, its density increases to 4.093kg/m 3 Compressed to 10MPa, its density reaches 7.87kg/m 3 Compressed to 15MPa and the hydrogen density increased to 11.425kg/m 3 Compressed to 20MPa, and the hydrogen density can reach 14.772kg/m 3 As the pressure increases, the density of hydrogen increases, and the mass of hydrogen stored per unit volume of hydrogen increases.
In the embodiment, a single 40MW wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system is provided for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen, wherein the generated energy of the wind power generation unit 1 is 35MW, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation unit 2 is 5MW, and the storage pressure is divided into low pressure (below 5 MPa), medium pressure (10 MPa-15 MPa) and high pressure (above 20 MPa) by adopting hydrogen classified storage. The low-pressure tank adopts a large-diameter vertical cylindrical storage tank (the volume is determined to be 3000m for a single tank) 3 Above), the medium-pressure tank adopts a middle-small diameter vertical cylindrical storage tank (the volume of a single tank is 1500 m) 3 Left and right), the high-pressure storage tank adopts a smaller-diameter round horizontal tank (a single tank is 500 m) 3 Left and right), it is of course possible to use other forms of hydrogen storage tanks 12 and to equip them with respective hydrogenation stations 13.
The corresponding hydrogen storage tanks 12 require different storage pressures (5 MPa,12MPa and 20MPa), the specifications of the hydrogen compressors 11 are different and are also composed of 3 models, and the output pressure of the hydrogen compressors corresponds to three models of specifications, namely, 5MPa,12MPa and 20MPa.
In this embodiment, three hydrogen compressors 11 of 5Mpa size are provided, including a first compressor 1101, a second compressor 1102, and a third compressor 1103, and five compressors of 3000m in volume are provided 3 Phi 16 x 15 vertical hydrogen storage tank 12, first storage tank 1201, second storage tank 1202, third storage tank 1203, fourth storage tank 1204, and fifth storage tank 1205. One hydrogen compressor 11 of 12MPa specification, namely a fourth compressor 1104, is arranged and is provided with two compressors with the volume of 1500m 3 Phi 11.5 × 15 vertical hydrogen storage tanks 12, i.e., a sixth tank 1206 and a seventh tank 1207. One hydrogen compressor 11 of 20MPa specification, namely a fifth compressor 1105 is provided with two compressors with the volume of 500m 3 I.e., the eighth storage tank 1208 and the ninth storage tank 1209, of the Φ 8 × 10 horizontal hydrogen storage tanks 12. The total hydrogen storage was 104121kg. 8000Nm hydrogen production per hour by eight electrolytic water tanks 3 719.2kg/h, nine hydrogen storage tanks 12 may be providedThe hydrogen storage tank is used for producing hydrogen within 144.8 hours, and if the number of full generation hours of the 'wind power + photovoltaic' hybrid power generation is 7 hours (the number of full generation hours per year is 2555 hours) on a daily basis, the nine hydrogen storage tanks 12 can be used for 20.7 days.
According to the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen storage and integration combined system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen, the hydrogen purification unit 10 comprises a deoxygenator 1001, a cooler 1002, a secondary gas-water separator 1003, a dryer 1004 and a hydrogen refining subunit 1005 which are sequentially connected along the flow direction of hydrogen, the air inlet of the deoxygenator 1001 is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production unit 6, and the air outlet of the hydrogen refining subunit 1005 is connected with the air inlet of a hydrogen compressor 11. It will be appreciated that the hydrogen purification unit 10 functions to remove impurities from the hydrogen gas. If the hydrogen contains impurities, potential safety hazards can be brought, and explosion is easy to occur. The hydrogen from the electrolytic tank 601 contains a large amount of water, the water must be removed, then the hydrogen enters the deoxygenator 1001 for deoxygenation, the hydrogen and the oxygen react to generate water and a small amount of steam in the deoxygenation process at a certain temperature, the water and the steam enter the cooler 1002 to be completely changed into water, the water in the hydrogen enters the secondary gas-water separator 1003 for removing the water, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen dryer 1004 for further drying the hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters the hydrogen refining unit, so that the purity of the hydrogen reaches 99.999 percent.
The hydrogen refining unit adopts inorganic membrane palladium alloy membrane diffusion separation technology, hydrogen molecules are dissociated into hydrogen atoms on one side of a palladium membrane at a certain temperature, the hydrogen atoms are dissolved in palladium and diffused to the other side, and then the hydrogen atoms are combined into hydrogen molecules.
Referring to fig. 8, the wind, solar, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for hydrogen and oxygen production by direct electrolysis of seawater belongs to an off-grid renewable energy source, and can generate stable and continuous electric energy by multi-energy complementation to supply to the unit 6 for hydrogen and oxygen production by direct electrolysis of seawater. The hydrogen produced by the system is an energy source which can be combusted to provide energy, and is an energy storage material for storing electric energy, the energy stored in the hydrogen can be used in the fields of power generation, heating, spaceflight and life in different places, and different from other energy storage systems, the hydrogen can be used for power generation, grid connection and external output in the energy storage place, and the electric energy can be used in different places. It can also be used in different places as raw material for chemical industry and steel production. The system completely gets rid of the dependence on the power grid, and is an off-grid system with renewable energy sources and multi-energy complementation. Is suitable for sea, especially for open sea and deep sea.
The system adopts three-dimensional arrangement, a solar photovoltaic power generation unit 2 is arranged at the top of a vertical axis turbine wind power generation tower, a vertical axis wind power generation unit 1 is arranged at the middle part, a rectification unit 3, a direct current control unit 4, an electricity storage unit 5, an electrolysis seawater hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit 6, an alkali liquor tank 7, a seawater filter 8, a seawater pump station 9, a hydrogen purification unit 10, a hydrogen compressor 11, a hydrogen storage tank 12, a hydrogenation station 13, a hydrogen liquefaction station 14, an oxygen compressor 15, an oxygen storage tank 16, an oxygenation station, an inverter 17, a plant power distribution room 18, a fuel cell test station 19, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit 20, an oxygen purification unit 21, a maintenance room, a warehouse, an office and a worker restaurant are arranged at the bottom layer. The whole tower 101 is provided with an elevator and a manual ladder stand up and down. The top of the operation room for hydrogen production and purification, hydrogen compression, hydrogen storage and the like at the bottom is provided with an explosion-proof ceiling which is suspended on an upper platform plate of one layer, and the explosion-proof ceiling is provided with a plurality of ventilation through holes and forms an interlayer space between the platform plate and the explosion-proof ceiling. The density of hydrogen is very small, and the speed of upwards drifting and diffusing is very fast, and when there is hydrogen leakage in the operation room, hydrogen drifts to explosion-proof ceiling very fast upwards to get into the space of intermediate layer through ventilative gas pocket, and the intermediate layer space is provided with a plurality of exhaust fans, discharges the hydrogen in the intermediate layer into the atmosphere above the top of the tower and diffuses. In addition, the hydrogen production and storage places have large explosion venting areas. A hydrogen concentration detection sensor is arranged on the site, and is connected to the direct current control unit 4, so that the alarm is given immediately when exceeding the standard, and the safety of the operation site can be ensured. The direct current control unit 4 adopts an advanced artificial intelligent control technology and is provided with a robot for regularly patrolling a site, so that stable and reliable electric energy with voltage and current is provided, and the purity of the hydrogen produced by the system is ensured to reach 99.999%.
The wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit and the seawater pump station are arranged, the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are both connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for providing electric energy for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the seawater pump station is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for providing seawater for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit is circularly communicated with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and used for cooling the electrolyte in the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit and separating salt crystals in the electrolyte, so that wind energy and solar renewable energy are converted into electric energy and provided for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the power consumption cost is reduced, and the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit and the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit are environment-friendly; the seawater electrolysis hydrogen-oxygen production unit takes seawater as electrolyte, reduces the loss of fresh water resources, reduces the hydrogen production cost, ensures the hydrogen production efficiency and promotes the development of water electrolysis hydrogen production.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen and oxygen is characterized by comprising a wind power generation unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit, an electrolyte cooling and desalting unit and a seawater pump station, wherein the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit and used for providing electric energy for the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen preparation unit;
the electrolyte cooling and desalting unit comprises an electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit, a crystalline salt separation subunit, a salt dissolving tank and a crystalline salt dryer, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit is circularly communicated with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, the electrolyte cooling crystalline salt subunit is connected with the crystalline salt separation subunit, and the crystalline salt ion unit is respectively connected with the salt dissolving tank and the crystalline salt dryer; the electrolyte cooling crystallization salt subunit is connected with the seawater pump station, and the electrolysis cooling crystallization salt subunit is connected with the salt dissolving tank;
an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are arranged in the electrolytic bath body, a conductive coating with negative charges is sprayed on the surface of the anode electrode, and the electrolyte in the electrolytic bath body is alkaline;
the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit comprises a hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogen separator, a hydrogen washing tower, a hydrogen intermediate storage tank, a hydrogen gas-water separator, an oxygen heat exchanger, an oxygen separator, an oxygen washing tower, an oxygen intermediate storage tank and an oxygen gas-water separator, wherein the electrolysis cell body is sequentially connected with the hydrogen heat exchanger, the hydrogen separator, the hydrogen washing tower, the hydrogen intermediate storage tank and the hydrogen gas-water separator along the flow direction of hydrogen prepared by the electrolysis cell body, the hydrogen gas-water separator is connected with the electrolysis cell body, and a liquid outlet of the hydrogen washing tower is connected with the electrolysis cell body;
follow the flow direction of the oxygen that the electrolysis cell body prepared, the electrolysis cell body connects in order oxygen heat exchanger oxygen separator oxygen scrubbing tower oxygen intermediate storage tank with oxygen gas water separator, oxygen gas water separator with the electrolysis cell body is connected.
2. The wind, solar, electric, hydrogen storage and integration system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen in combined mode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unit for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing seawater further comprises a diaphragm, the diaphragm is arranged in the electrolytic cell body and divides the electrolytic cell body into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber, the cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber, and the anode is arranged in the anode chamber.
3. The wind, solar, electric, hydrogen storage and integration system for hydrogen and oxygen generation through direct electrolysis of seawater as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wind power generation unit comprises a tower frame, a central support shaft, a turbine rotor, a turbine stator, a variable pitch air door and a wind collector, the central support shaft is vertically installed in the tower frame, the turbine rotor is connected to the central support shaft, the turbine stator is matched with the turbine rotor and is arranged on the outer side of the turbine rotor, the variable pitch air door is arranged on the tower frame and is arranged opposite to the turbine stator, and the wind collector is arranged on the tower frame and is arranged opposite to the variable pitch air door.
4. The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen as claimed in claim 3, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a photovoltaic cell panel, and the photovoltaic cell panel is arranged on the top side of the tower.
5. The wind, solar, electric, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 1, further comprising a rectification unit and a direct current control unit, wherein the output end of the wind power generation unit is connected with the rectification unit, the rectification unit is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit, the output end of the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected with the input end of the direct current control unit, and the output end of the direct current control unit is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit.
6. The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for hydrogen, oxygen and hydrogen production by direct electrolysis of seawater as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a hydrogen purification unit, a hydrogen compressor and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein the hydrogen purification unit is connected with the hydrogen production and oxygen production unit by electrolysis of water, the hydrogen compressor is connected with the hydrogen purification unit, and the hydrogen storage tank is connected with the hydrogen compressor.
7. The wind, solar, electric, hydrogen storage and integration system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen purification unit comprises a deoxygenator, a cooler, a secondary gas-water separator, a dryer and a hydrogen refining subunit which are sequentially connected along the flow direction of hydrogen, the gas inlet of the deoxygenator is connected with the seawater electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen production unit, and the gas outlet of the hydrogen refining subunit is connected with the gas inlet of the hydrogen compressor.
8. The wind, light, electricity, hydrogen and storage integrated system for directly electrolyzing seawater to produce hydrogen and oxygen as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an oxygen purification unit, an oxygen compressor and an oxygen storage tank, wherein the oxygen purification unit is connected with the electrolytic tank, the oxygen purification unit is connected with the oxygen compressor, and the oxygen compressor is connected with the oxygen storage tank.
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