CN113277991A - 一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和一种抗hiv-1的药物 - Google Patents
一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和一种抗hiv-1的药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113277991A CN113277991A CN202110149136.9A CN202110149136A CN113277991A CN 113277991 A CN113277991 A CN 113277991A CN 202110149136 A CN202110149136 A CN 202110149136A CN 113277991 A CN113277991 A CN 113277991A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和一种抗HIV‑1的药物,属于药物应用技术领域。本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物能够干扰HIV‑1蛋白酶水解Gap和Gap‑Pol前体多聚蛋白的过程,具有高HIV‑1蛋白酶抑制活性;同时,本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物对野生型HIV‑1耐药毒株和DRV高耐药毒株均具有显著的抑制活性,且具有低细胞毒性,作为抗艾滋病药物具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物应用技术领域,特别涉及一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和一种抗HIV-1的药物。
背景技术
获得性免疫缺陷综合征(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,AIDS),又称艾滋病,是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Viruses,HIV)感染引起的一种性传播疾病,患者出现全身性免疫功能衰竭并伴有感染、肿瘤等严重的临床症状。自1981年第一批临床病例在美国被公开报道以来,HIV感染已发展成为全球性流行疾病,严重威胁着人类的生命健康。
根据血清学反应和基因序列差异,HIV可分为HIV-1和HIV-2两种亚型,其中HIV-1的传染性和致病性更强,是艾滋病的主要流行型。为遏制艾滋病的蔓延,抗HIV-1药物的研发显得尤为必要。自1987年齐多夫定作为首个用于治疗HIV-1感染的药物获得FDA批准上市以来,陆续有四十余种抗HIV-1药物运用于临床,包括融合抑制剂、逆转录酶抑制剂、整合酶抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、复合制剂等。其中蛋白酶抑制剂的开发及其在高效抗逆转录病毒联合疗法(HAART)中的应用大大降低了HIV-1感染患者的发病率和死亡率,有效提高了患者的生存质量。
HIV-1蛋白酶是一种天冬酰胺蛋白酶,它通过水解Gap和Gap-Pol前体多聚蛋白产生病毒成熟所需的结构蛋白和功能蛋白,若对该过程进行干扰可阻断新生病毒颗粒成熟,因此HIV-1蛋白酶是抗HIV-1药物研发的重要靶点之一。目前最新上市的蛋白酶抑制剂是达芦那韦,其具有显著的抗病毒活性和较高的耐药屏障,是唯一推荐用于一线治疗的蛋白酶抑制剂。
而达芦那韦上市以后已有近二十年没有新的蛋白酶抑制剂获批应用于临床,随着现有蛋白酶抑制剂的广泛使用,药物的相互作用、毒副反应以及耐药性问题逐渐显现,这让HIV-1的治疗再次陷入瓶颈,因此研发具有更强抗病毒活性以及更高耐药性的新型HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂具有重要的现实意义和价值。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明目的在于提供一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和一种抗HIV-1的药物,本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物具有良好的抗HIV-1活性和良好的耐药性。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1所示结构:
式1中,Ra为以下取代基中的任意一种:
Ra中,R1是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
A、B为O、S、N或C,且A和B中至少有一个为C;
当A是C或N时,R2是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
当A是O或S时,R2不存在;
当B是C或N时,R5是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
当B是O或S时,R5不存在;
R3为2H、O或S;
R4为2H、O或S;
式1中,n为1、2或3;
本发明提供了上述含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物进行取代反应,得到具有式1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物;
所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4所示结构:
式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4中Ra和n的范围与权利要求1或2中Ra和n的范围相同;
所述氨基衍生物具有式B所示结构:
所述具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
按照①的方案制备得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1-2所示结构;
将所述具有式1-2所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物与水合肼进行还原反应,得到具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
将所述第二中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第三中间体进行氢化反应,得到第四中间体,所述第四中间体具有式(d)所示结构:
将所述第四中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
所述具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-1-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将式(b)所示结构的第二中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第五中间体,所述第五中间体具有式(e)所示结构:
将所述第五中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将式(c)所示结构的第三中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第六中间体,所述第六中间体具有式(f)所示结构:
将所述第六中间体进行氢化反应,得到第七中间体,所述第七中间体具有式(g)所示结构:
将所述第七中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物;
所述具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基酸衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-2-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第八中间体进行氢化反应,得到第九中间体,所述第九中间体具有式(i)所示结构:
将所述第九中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第十中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十一中间体,所述第十一中间体具有式(k)所示结构:
将所述第十一中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第十二中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十三中间体,所述第十三中间体具有式(m)所示结构:
将所述第十三中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物。
优选的,所述具有式A-2所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
优选的,所述具有式A-3所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
优选的,所述具有式A-4所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
本发明提供了一种抗HIV-1的药物,包括药物活性组分和药物辅料;所述药物活性组分为上述含氮杂环氨基衍生物或上述制备方法制备得到的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
本发明提供了一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1所示结构。本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物能够干扰HIV-1蛋白酶水解Gap和Gap-Pol前体多聚蛋白的过程,具有高HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性,这是因为此类衍生物结构中的Ra、Rb、Rc和骨架羟乙胺结构均能与蛋白酶的活性位点结合,从而对HIV-1蛋白酶产生竞争性抑制作用;同时,本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物对野生型HIV-1耐药毒株和DRV高耐药毒株均具有显著的抑制活性,这是因为HIV-1蛋白酶上的氨基酸残基发生突变使得现有的蛋白酶抑制剂与蛋白酶活性位点间的结合能力减弱而出现了耐药性问题,通过引入上述Ra、Rb、Rc片段可以增强化合物与蛋白酶活性位点间的氢键和范德华作用力,使其更好的与蛋白酶空腔结合,从而增强抗病毒活性、提高耐药屏障。且本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物具有低细胞毒性。因此,本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物作为抗艾滋病药物具有良好的应用前景。
本发明提供了上述含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,操作简单,易于实现工业化批量生产。
本发明提供了一种抗HIV-1的药物,此药物以上述含氮杂环氨基衍生物作为活性成分,具有良好的抗HIV-1活性。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1所示结构:
式1中,Ra为以下取代基中的任意一种:
在本发明中,所述Ra中,R1是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基。在本发明中,所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷基优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基;所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基优选为甲氧基、乙氧基;所述C2~C6直链或支链的烯基优选为烯丙基、烯丁基;所述C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基优选为烯丙氧基、烯丁氧基;所述C3~C6环烷基优选为环丙基、环己基;所述C3~C6环烯基优选为1-环己烯基、2-环己烯基。
在本发明中,A、B为O、S、N或C且当A为O、S或N时,B为C;当A为C时,B为O、S、N或C;
当A是C或N时,R2是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;在本发明中,所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷基优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基;所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基优选为甲氧基、乙氧基;所述C2~C6直链或支链的烯基优选为烯丙基、烯丁基;所述C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基优选为烯丙氧基、烯丁氧基;所述C3~C6环烷基优选为环丙基、环己基;所述C3~C6环烯基优选为1-环己烯基、2-环己烯基。
在本发明中,当A是O或S时,R2不存在;
当B是C或N时,R5是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;在本发明中,所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷基优选为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基;所述C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基优选为甲氧基、乙氧基;所述C2~C6直链或支链的烯基优选为烯丙基、烯丁基;所述C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基优选为烯丙氧基、烯丁氧基;所述C3~C6环烷基优选为环丙基、环己基;所述C3~C6环烯基优选为1-环己烯基、2-环己烯基。
当B是O或S时,R5不存在;
R3为2H、O或S;
R4为2H、O或S;
式1中,n为1、2或3。
作为本发明的具体实施例,所述含氮杂环氨基衍生物为以下结构中的一种:
在本发明中,所述含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物进行取代反应,得到具有式1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物;
所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4所示结构:
式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4中Ra和n的范围与上文中Ra和n的范围相同;
所述氨基衍生物具有式B所示结构:
将所述第二中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述与的摩尔比优选为2:1~3:1,更优选为2.5:1。在本发明中,所述开环反应使用的溶剂优选为乙腈,所述开环反应的温度优选为80~90℃,更优选为85℃;所述开环反应的时间优选为6~10h,更优选为8~9h。
所述开环反应后,本发明优选对所得开环反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
去除开环反应液中的溶剂,向所得固体中加入石油醚搅拌混合,依次进行过滤和干燥,得到第一中间体固体。
在本发明中,去除溶剂的方式优选为减压蒸发;本发明对所述石油醚的用量没有特殊的要求,能够使固体均匀分散即可。在本发明中,所述搅拌的时间优选为0.5h。本发明对所述过滤的方式没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的过滤方式即可。在本发明中,所述干燥的方式优选为真空干燥,本发明对所述真空干燥的具体操作条件没有特殊的要求,能够保证所得固体恒重即可。
在本发明中,所述取代反应优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述第一中间体与的摩尔比优选为1:1~2:1,所述第一中间体与DIEA的摩尔比优选为1:1~2:1,所述第一中间体与DMAP的摩尔比优选为1:1~2:1。在本发明中,所述极性有机溶剂优选为THF;所述取代反应的优选在冰浴搅拌条件下进行,所述取代反应的时间优选为6~10h,更优选为8~9h。
在本发明中,所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所得取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理的方式优选包括以下步骤:
将所述取代反应液进行减压浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥和柱层析分离,得到第二中间体纯品。
本发明对所述减压浓缩的方式没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的减压浓缩的方式即可;在本发明中,所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选依次为水和饱和食盐水。在本发明中,所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥。所述干燥后,本发明优选对干燥后的固体进行减压蒸发以除去有机溶剂。在本发明中,所述柱层析分离的的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱剂优选为石油醚-乙酸乙酯,所述洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比优选为2:1。
在本发明中,所述脱保护反应优选包括以下步骤:
将第二中间体与二氯甲烷、TFA混合,进行脱保护反应。
在本发明中,所述第二中间体的质量与二氯甲烷的体积比优选为2.45g:20mL,所述二氯甲烷与TFA的体积比优选为20:8。在本发明中,所述脱保护反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为1~5h,更优选为2~4h。
在本发明中,所述脱保护反应后,本发明优选对所得脱保护反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
将所述脱保护反应液的pH值调节至中性,对中性脱保护反应液进行萃取,所得有机相依次进行洗涤、干燥、浓缩和柱层析分离,得到氨基衍生物纯品。
在本发明中,所述调节pH值所用的调节剂优选为饱和Na2CO3溶液。在本发明中,所述萃取用萃取剂优选为二氯甲烷。在本发明中,所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选为饱和食盐水,所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥。在本发明中,所浓缩的方式优选为减压浓缩,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为二氯甲烷-甲醇,所述二氯甲烷与甲醇的体积比优选为20:1。
在本发明中,上述制备方法的反应过程如式(A)所示:
将所述第三中间体进行氢化反应,得到第四中间体;
所述第四中间体具有式(d)所示结构:
将所述第四中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述取代反应优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述氢化反应优选在醋酸钯催化剂下进行。在本发明中,所述氢化反应的压力优选为25~45bar,更优选为30bar;所述氢化反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为8~15h,更优选为10~12h。
所述氢化反应后,本发明优选对所得氢化反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
对所得氢化反应液依次进行过滤、浓缩和柱层析分离,得到第四中间体纯品。
本发明优选使用硅藻土进行过滤;本发明对所述浓缩的方式没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的浓缩方式即可,具体的如减压浓缩。在本发明中,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为二氯甲烷-甲醇。
在本发明中,所述脱保护反应的具体操作方式与对第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(II)所示:
所述具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物的制备方法优选包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-1-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
在本发明中,制备具有式B-1-2所示结构的氨基衍生物的方式与上文相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述氢化反应优选在Pd/C催化剂下进行。在本发明中,所述氢化反应使用的溶剂优选为甲醇-乙酸乙酯混合溶剂,所述混合溶剂中甲醇与乙酸乙酯的体积比优选为1:2。在本发明中,所述氢化反应的气压优选为40~50psi氢气压,更优选为50psi氢气压;所述氢化反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为4~8h,更优选为5~6h。
在本发明中,所述氢化反应后,本发明优选对所得氢化反应液进行后处理,所述后处理的方式优选包括以下步骤:
对所得氢化反应液依次进行过滤和去除有机溶剂,得到氨基衍生物纯品。
本发明优选使用硅藻土进行过滤;本发明对所述去除有机溶剂的方式没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的去除有机溶剂的方式即可,具体的如减压蒸发。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(III)所示:
将式(b)所示结构的第二中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第五中间体,所述第五中间体具有式(e)所示结构:
将所述第五中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述亚胺化反应优选包括以下步骤:
将第二中间体与三苯基二氯化膦氯仿溶液、DCM、DIEA搅拌混合,得到混合液;
向所述混合液中通入氨气,进行亚胺化反应,得到第五中间体。
在本发明中,所述三苯基二氯化膦氯仿溶液的浓度优选为0.4~0.6M,更优选为0.5M;在本发明中,所述第二中间体与三苯基二氯化膦的摩尔比优选为1:2~1:4,更优选为1:3;所述第二中间体与DIEA的摩尔比优选为1:2~1:4,更优选为1:3。在本发明中,所述搅拌混合的时间优选为2~4h,温度优选为室温。
在本发明中,所述通入氨气时的温度优选为-5~0℃,所述氨气的通入时间优选为1.5~2.5h,更优选为2h。在本发明中,所述亚胺化反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为8~12h,更优选为10h。在本发明中,所述亚胺化反应的时间自通入氨气完成后开始计算。
在本发明中,所述亚胺化反应后,本发明优选对所得亚胺化反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
向所述亚胺化反应液中加水淬灭,对淬灭后的反应液依次进行萃取、有机相浓缩和柱层析分离,得到第五中间体纯品。
在本发明中,所述萃取用溶剂优选为EA;本发明对所述浓缩的方式没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的浓缩方式即可。在本发明中,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为石油醚-乙酸乙酯,所述洗脱相中石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比优选为1:1。
在本发明中,所述脱保护反应的方式与上文第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(IV)所示:
将式(c)所示结构的第三中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第六中间体,所述第六中间体具有式(f)所示结构:
将所述第六中间体进行氢化反应,得到第七中间体,所述第七中间体具有式(g)所示结构:
将所述第七中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述第三中间体进行亚胺化反应的方式与上文第二中间体进行亚胺化反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第六中间体进行氢化反应的方式与上文第三中间体进行氢化反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第七中间体进行脱保护反应的方式与上文第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(V)所示:
所述具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基酸衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-2-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
在本发明中,制备具有式B-2-2所示结构的氨基衍生物的方法与上文相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述氢化反应的方式与上文具有式B-1-2所示结构的氨基衍生物的氢化反应方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(VI)所示。
将所述第八中间体进行氢化反应,得到第九中间体,所述第九中间体具有式(i)所示结构:
将所述第九中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述Arbuzov反应优选包括以下步骤:
将所述混合液与第一中间体、DIEA混合,进行Arbuzov反应,得到第八中间体。
在本发明中,所述与四氮唑的摩尔比优选为1:0.1~1.2:0.1,更优选为1.1:0.1,所述所述与苯甲醇的摩尔比优选为1:1~1.2:1,更优选为1.1:1,所述与DIEA的摩尔比优选为1:1~1.2:1,更优选为1:1。本发明优选先在冰浴条件下进行第一搅拌混合,再在室温下进行第二搅拌混合。在本发明中,所述第一搅拌混合的时间优选为0.5h,所述第二搅拌混合的时间优选为3~6h,更优选为4~5h。
在本发明中,所述与第一中间体的摩尔比优选为1.1:1;在本发明中,本发明优选先在冰浴条件下进行第一Arbuzov反应,再在室温下进行第二Arbuzov反应。在本发明中,所述第一Arbuzov反应混合的时间优选为0.5h,所述第二Arbuzov反应的时间优选为3~6h,更优选为4~5h。
所述Arbuzov反应后,本发明优选对所述Arbuzov反应进行C18反相柱分离。
在本发明中,所述氢化反应的催化剂优选为Pd/C催化剂,所述氢化反应的溶剂优选为无水乙醇。在本发明中,所述氢化反应的气压优选为50psi氢气压,所述氢化反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为3~6h,更优选为4~5h。
在本发明中,所述氢化反应后,本发明优选对所得氢化反应液进行后处理,所述后处理的方式优选包括以下步骤:
对所得氢化反应液依次进行过滤、萃取、有机相干燥和浓缩,得到第九中间体纯品。
在本发明中,所述本发明优选使用硅藻土进行过滤;在本发明中,所述萃取使用的溶剂优选为EA;所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥。在本发明中,所浓缩的方式优选为减压浓缩。
在本发明中,所述脱保护反应的方式与上文第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(VII)所示。
将所述第十中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十一中间体,所述第十一中间体具有式(k)所示结构:
将所述第十一中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述Arbuzov反应的方式与上文第一中间体进行Arbuzov反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第十中间体进行氢化反应的方式与第八中间体进行氢化反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第十一中间体进行脱保护反应与第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(VIII)所示。
所述第十二中间体具有式(l)所示结构:
将所述第十二中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十三中间体,所述第十三中间体具有式(m)所示结构:
将所述第十三中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述Arbuzov反应的方式与上文第一中间体进行Arbuzov反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第十二中间体进行氢化反应的方式与第八中间体进行氢化反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述第十三中间体进行脱保护反应与第二中间体脱保护反应的方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,上述反应过程如式(IX)所示。
在本发明中,含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物进行取代反应,得到具有式1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。当所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-1所示结构时,所述取代反应优选为:
在冰浴条件下,将具有式A-1所示结构的含氮杂环类化合物、具有式B所示结构的氨基衍生物、EDCI、HOBt、DMAP和有机溶剂搅拌混合,得到混合液;
在室温条件下,所述混合液进行取代反应,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述有机溶剂优选为DMF;所述含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物的摩尔比优选为1:1~1:1.1;所述含氮杂环类化合物与EDCI、HOBt、DMAP的摩尔比优选为1:1.5:1.05:0.2~1:1.6:1.1:0.5。在本发明中,所述搅拌混合的时间优选为5~15min,更优选为10min,所述取代反应的时间优选为6~10h,更优选为8~9h。在本发明中,所述搅拌混合和取代反应优选在氩气保护下进行。
所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所得取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
使用乙酸乙酯对所得取代反应液进行稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥、浓缩和柱层析分离,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物纯品。
在本发明中,所述稀释的倍数优选为2~5倍;所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选依次为水、饱和氯化铵溶液和饱和食盐水。在本发明中,所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥,所述浓缩的方式优选为减压浓缩。在本发明中,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为石油醚-乙酸乙酯,所述洗脱相中石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比优选为3:2。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的反应式如式(X)所示:
在本发明中,当所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-2所示结构时,所述取代反应优选为:
具有式A-2所示结构的含氮杂环类化合物、具有式B所示结构的氨基衍生物、DIEA与有机溶剂混合,进行取代反应,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述有机溶剂优选为DMF;所述含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物的摩尔比优选为1:1~1:1.1;所述含氮杂环类化合物与DIEA的摩尔比优选为1:2~1:3;在本发明中,所述混合的方式优选为:先在冰浴条件下将含氮杂环类化合物、氨基衍生物与极性溶剂搅拌混合,再加入DIEA进行取代反应。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为4~8h,更优选为5~6h。
在本发明中,所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所得取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
使用乙酸乙酯对所得取代反应液进行稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥、浓缩和柱层析分离,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物纯品。
在本发明中,所述稀释的倍数优选为2~5倍;所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选依次为水和饱和食盐水。在本发明中,所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥,所述浓缩的方式优选为减压浓缩。在本发明中,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为石油醚-乙酸乙酯,所述洗脱相中石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比优选为2:1。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的反应式如式(XI)所示:
在本发明中,所述具有式A-2所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,在本发明中,所述取代反应优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述有机溶剂优选为无水二氯甲烷。在本发明中,所述与DMAP的摩尔比优选为1:1.1~1:2,所述与4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯的摩尔比优选为1:1~1:3,更优选为1:1.2。在本发明中,所述取代反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为3~6h,更优选为4~5h。
在本发明中,所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所述取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
对所述取代反应液加入二氯甲烷稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥、浓缩和柱层析分离,得到含氮杂化类化合物纯品。
在本发明中,所述二氯甲烷的稀释倍数优选为2~5倍;在本发明中,所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选依次为饱和NaHCO3溶液、饱和NH4Cl溶液和饱和食盐水;所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥。在本发明中,所述浓缩优选为减压浓缩,所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为石油醚-乙酸乙酯。
在本发明中,当所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-3所示结构时,所述取代反应优选为:
具有式A-3所示结构的含氮杂环类化合物、具有式B所示结构的氨基衍生物、DIEA与有机溶剂混合,进行取代反应,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的方式与具有式A2所示结构的含氮杂环类化合物进行取代反应的方式以及后处理方式相同,在此不再赘述。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的方程式如式(XII)所示:
在本发明中,所述具有式A-3所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述溴代反应的时间优选为10~20h,更优选为14~16h。
在本发明中,所述溴代反应后,本发明优选对所得溴代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述Gabriel反应优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述第二反应后,本发明优选对所得第二反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述取代反应优选包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述取代反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为3~6h。
在本发明中,所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所得取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
使用二氯甲烷对所述取代反应液进行稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥、减压浓缩和柱层析分离,得到含氮杂化类化合物纯品。
在本发明中,当所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-4所示结构时,所述取代反应优选为:
在冰浴条件下,将具有式A-4所示结构的含氮杂环类化合物、具有式B所示结构的氨基衍生物、DIEA、DMAP与有机溶剂混合,进行取代反应,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述含氮杂环类化合物、氨基衍生物的摩尔比优选为1:1.1。在本发明中,所述有机溶剂优选为DCM。在本发明中,所述取代反应的温度优选为40~45℃,更优选为42~44℃,时间优选为4~8h,更优选为5~6h。
所述取代反应后,本发明优选对所得取代反应液进行后处理,所述后处理优选包括以下步骤:
使用DCM对所得取代反应液进行稀释,依次用饱和氯化铵溶液、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩进行硅胶柱分离。
在本发明中,所述取代反应的反应式如式(XIII)所示:
在本发明中,所述具有式A-4所示结构的含氮杂化类化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
在本发明中,所述溴代反应和Gabriel反应的方式与上文相同,在此不再赘述。
所述具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
按照①的方法制备结构式为式1-2所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物;
所述具有式1-2所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物与水合肼进行还原反应,得到具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
在本发明中,所述还原反应的催化剂优选为Ru/C,所述含氮杂环氨基衍生物与水合肼的摩尔比优选为1:10~1:15。在本发明中,所述还原反应的溶剂优选为THF,所述还原反应的温度优选为室温,时间优选为2~6h,更优选为3~5h。
所述还原反应后,本发明优选对所得还原反应液进行后处理,所述后处理的方法优选包括以下步骤:
使用DCM对所得反应液进行稀释,依次进行洗涤、干燥、减压浓缩和柱层析分离,得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物纯品。
在本发明中,所述稀释的倍数优选为2~5倍;所述洗涤用洗涤剂优选依次为水和饱和食盐水。在本发明中,所述干燥的方式优选为无水Na2SO4干燥;所述柱层析分离的固定相优选为硅胶,洗脱相优选为二氯甲烷-甲醇。
在本发明中,所述还原反应的方程式如式(XIV)所示:
本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物可以作为HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂,能够干扰HIV-1蛋白酶水解Gap和Gap-Pol前体多聚蛋白的过程,具有高HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性;同时,本发明提供的含氮杂环氨基衍生物对野生型HIV-1耐药毒株和DRV高耐药毒株均具有显著的抑制活性,且具有低细胞毒性,作为抗艾滋病药物具有良好的应用前景。
本发明提供了一种抗HIV-1的药物,包括药物活性组分和药物辅料;所述药物活性组分为上述含氮杂环氨基衍生物。本发明对所述药物辅料没有特殊的要求,使用本领域技术人员熟知的药物辅料即可。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的7含氮杂环氨基衍生物及其制备方法和抗HIV-1的药物进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
(S)-N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)恶唑烷-4-甲酰胺(1-1)的合成,合成方法如式(一):
式(一)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(b)对甲氧基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(d)(Boc)2O,NaHCO3,THF,H2O;(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP;dry DMF;(f)HCl(gas),DCM。
合成方法包括以下步骤:
1.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备:
将化合物1(7.00g,26.6mmol)溶于乙腈(32mL),向其中滴入异丁胺(4.88g,66.5mmol),反应液回流6小时。反应结束后冷却,减压蒸除溶剂,向所得固体中加入石油醚(35mL)搅拌0.5小时,过滤,滤饼经真空干燥得白色固体2(8.17g,收率91.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.29–7.16(m,5H),3.71–3.59(m,2H),3.16–3.08(m,1H),2.83–2.74(m,1H),2.68–2.56(m,2H),2.54–2.48(m,1H),2.46–2.39(m,1H),1.88–1.77(m,1H),1.32(s,9H),1.23–1.20(m,1H),0.96(d,J=6.4Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 337.2.
1.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3)的制备:
将2(1.68g,5.0mmol)溶于THF(20mL),冰浴搅拌,缓慢加入DIEA(0.71g,5.50mol)和DMAP(0.06g,0.50mmol)。将4-甲氧基苯磺酰氯(1.13g,5.50mmol)溶于THF(10mL)后缓慢滴入反应液中,室温搅拌过夜。反应结束后减压浓缩,加入乙酸乙酯(30mL)稀释。依次用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯(2:1),得微黄色固体3(2.47g,收率97.7%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.72(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),7.33–7.26(m,3H),7.25–7.17(m,2H),6.98(d,J=6.9Hz,2H),4.65(s,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.84–3.74(m,2H),3.13–2.80(m,6H),1.92–1.80(m,1H),1.35(s,9H),1.30–1.22(m,1H),0.89(dd,J=14.4,5.2Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 529.5.
1.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(4)的制备:
将化合物3(2.45g,4.84mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(20mL)中,搅拌,逐滴加入CF3COOH(8mL),室温反应5小时。反应结束后用饱和Na2CO3溶液调节反应液pH至7.0,二氯甲烷(3×15mL)萃取。有机相经饱和食盐水洗涤、无水Na2SO4干燥后减压浓缩,所得粗品通过硅胶柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂:二氯甲烷-甲醇(20:1),得黄色固体4(1.59g,收率80.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.81(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.38–7.25(m,5H),7.12(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),3.92(s,3H),3.84–3.79(m,1H),3.47–3.42(m,1H),3.17–3.11(m,2H),3.06–3.00(m,2H),2.97–2.91(m,1H),2.63–2.56(m,1H),2.06–1.98(m,1H),0.92(dd,J=16.5,6.0Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 407.5.
1.4中间体(S)-3-(叔丁氧羰基)恶唑烷-4-羧酸(6)的制备:
将5(0.45g,3.87mmol)溶于THF/H2O(10mL/10mL),氩气保护下加入NaHCO3(0.45g,5.42mmol)和(Boc)2O(1.18g,5.42mmol),室温搅拌过夜。反应结束后加入水(5mL)和石油醚(5mL)稀释。离取水层用1N的HCl调节pH至2,随后用乙酸乙酯(3×20mL)进行萃取。乙酸乙酯层经饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥后减压蒸除溶剂,得白色固体6(0.90g,收率92.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ5.69–5.65(m,1H),5.52–5.47(m,1H),4.86(t,J=7.1Hz,1H),4.54–4.46(m,1H),4.24–4.16(m,1H),1.47(s,9H);LC-MS(ESI)[M-H]-m/z 216.3.
1.5中间体(S)-4-(((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨甲酰基)恶唑烷-3-羧酸叔丁酯(7)的制备:
将化合物6(32.6mg,0.15mmol)和化合物4(65.0mg,0.16mmol)溶于无水DMF(1mL),氩气保护下置于冰浴搅拌,依次加入EDCI(43.1mg,0.23mmol),HOBt(22.3mg,0.16mmol)和DMAP(3.70mg,0.03mmol),加入完毕后反应液恢复至室温,搅拌8小时。反应结束后向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯(5mL)稀释,依次用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯(3:2),得黄色油状物7(85.9mg,收率94.7%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.68–7.63(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.07–7.01(m,2H),5.71–5.67(m,1H),5.46–5.41(m,1H),5.01–4.94(m,1H),4.51–4.44(m,1H),4.35–4.26(m,1H),4.16–4.08(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.69–3.59(m,1H),3.48–3.40(m,1H),3.19–3.11(m,1H),3.01–2.91(m,2H),2.88–2.80(m,1H),2.75–2.67(m,1H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),1.47(s,9H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);LC-MS(APCI)[M+H]+m/z606.6.
1.6终产物(S)-N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)恶唑烷-4-甲酰胺(1-1)的制备:
将化合物7(84.7mg,0.14mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(1mL)中,向其中通入新制的盐酸气,室温搅拌0.5小时。反应结束后减压浓缩,用饱和NaHCO3溶液调节pH至7.0。用二氯甲烷(3×5mL)进行萃取,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸除溶剂得白色固体1-1(64.8mg,收率85.5%)。
mp 154.4-156.3℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.73–7.67(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.09–7.03(m,2H),5.06–5.01(m,1H),4.90–4.86(m,1H),4.43–4.35(m,1H),4.04–3.96(m,1H),3.90–3.76(m,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.75–3.59(m,2H),3.34–3.25(m,1H),3.22–3.15(m,1H),3.01–2.93(m,1H),2.75–2.62(m,2H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);
13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ171.24,163.60,137.20,135.46,130.30,130.10,128.92,127.00,115.85,78.66,69.29,68.45,57.72,55.35,55.16,53.68,53.21,35.58,28.17,19.99;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C25H35N3O6S([M-H]-):504.2168,found 504.2156.
实施例2
N-((2S,3R)-4-(4-氨基-N-异丁基苯基磺酰胺)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-2,6-二氧哌啶-4-甲酰胺(2-1)的合成,合成方法如式(二):
式(二)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(g)对硝基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(h)H2(gas),50psi,10%Pd/C,EA/MeOH(1:2);(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP;dry DMF。
合成方法包括以下步骤:
2.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
2.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(8)的制备
化合物2(3.36g,10.0mmol)和4-硝基苯磺酰氯(2.44g,11.0mmol)经取代反应得到黄色固体8(5.12g,收率98.2%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.35(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.98(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.35–7.31(m,2H),7.29–7.27(m,1H),7.26–7.22(m,2H),4.66(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.85–3.76(m,2H),3.25–3.20(m,2H),3.03–2.96(m,3H),2.94–2.87(m,1H),1.95–1.86(m,1H),1.38(s,9H),0.90(dd,J=6.4,4.8Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 544.6.
2.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺(9)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物8(5.12g,9.82mmol)脱Boc保护得到黄色固体9(2.92g,收率69.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.41(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),8.10(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.38–7.24(m,5H),3.74(dd,J=8.5,4.5Hz,1H),3.53(d,J=15.0Hz,1H),3.30(dd,J=15.0,9.0Hz,1H),3.19(dd,J=14.0,8.5Hz,1H),3.13-3.02(m,2H),2.97(dd,J=14.0,5.0Hz,1H),2.61(dd,J=13.5,9.0Hz,1H),2.08-1.98(m,1H),0.94(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.90(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 422.5.
2.4中间体4-氨基-N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基苯磺酰胺(10)的制备:
将化合物9(1.26g,3.00mmol)溶于乙酸乙酯-甲醇(4mL/8mL)中,加入10%Pd/C(1.26g),反应液在50psi氢气压下室温搅拌4小时。反应结束后反应液经硅藻土过滤,减压蒸除滤液溶剂得到白色固体10(1.02g,收率86.7%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.59(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.32–7.28(m,2H),7.24–7.20(m,3H),6.69(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),4.13(s,2H),3.78–3.75(m,1H),3.29–3.24(m,1H),3.18–3.14(m,2H),3.01–2.95(m,2H),2.84–2.80(m,1H),2.55–2.49(m,1H),1.90–1.84(m,1H),0.92(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.88(d,J=6.6Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 392.5.
2.5终产物N-((2S,3R)-4-(4-氨基-N-异丁基苯基磺酰胺)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-2,6-二氧哌啶-4-甲酰胺(2-1)的制备方法与1.5所述一致,化合物11(31.4mg,0.20mmol)和化合物10(82.1mg,0.21mmol)经酰化反应得到白色固体2-1(84.2mg,收率79.4%)。
mp 217.4-219.9℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.57–7.51(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),6.69–6.63(m,2H),4.25–4.16(m,1H),3.69–3.60(m,2H),3.31–3.21(m,2H),3.10–3.02(m,2H),3.01–2.91(m,2H),2.75–2.66(m,2H),2.62–2.53(m,2H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3OD)δ176.33,171.28,152.60,137.20,132.56,130.10,129.66,128.92,127.00,112.93,68.45,55.16,53.68,53.21,37.09,36.51,35.58,28.17,20.01;HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C26H34N4O6S([M-H]-):529.2121,found 529.2130.
实施例3
O-(R)-N-(2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-((N-异丁基-4-三氟甲基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-3-甲基噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺(3-1)的合成,合成方法如式(三):
式(三)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(i)对三氟甲基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(d)(Boc)2O,NaHCO3,THF,H2O;(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP;dry DMF。
3.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
3.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-三氟甲基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(12)的制备方法与1.2所述类似,化合物2(0.99g,2.97mmol)和4-三氟甲基苯磺酰氯(0.8g,3.27mmol)经取代反应得到白色固体12(1.59g,收率98.4%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.05–7.99(m,2H),7.97–7.92(m,2H),7.26–7.12(m,5H),6.74–6.64(m,1H),4.98(s,1H),3.58–3.52(m,1H),3.51–3.43(m,1H),3.39–3.33(m,1H),3.14–3.08(m,1H),3.05–2.88(m,3H),2.02–1.95(m,1H),1.24(s,9H),1.12–1.09(m,1H),0.83(d,J=13.0Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 545.5.
3.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-三氟甲基苯磺酰胺(13)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物12(1.60g,2.90mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体13(0.92g,收率71.4%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.95(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.33–7.29(m,2H),7.25–7.19(m,3H),3.78–3.74(m,1H),3.32–3.29(m,2H),3.18–3.12(m,1H),3.07–3.02(m,1H),3.00–2.92(m,2H),2.55–2.49(m,1H),1.95–1.87(m,1H),0.91(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.88(d,J=6.6Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 445.5.
3.4终产物(R)-N-(2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-((N-异丁基-4-三氟甲基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-3-甲基噻唑烷-4-甲酰胺(3-1)的制备方法与1.5中所述一致,化合物14(22.0mg,0.15mmol)和化合物13(71.1mg,0.16mmol)经酰化反应得到微黄色固体3-1(58.9mg,收率68.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.89–7.83(m,2H),7.77–7.71(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),3.92–3.83(m,2H),3.69–3.54(m,2H),3.47–3.39(m,1H),3.39–3.32(m,2H),3.31–3.18(m,2H),3.01–2.93(m,1H),2.89–2.81(m,1H),2.75–2.61(m,2H),2.37(s,3H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);
13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ170.42,142.24,137.20,136.47(q,J=31.5Hz),130.10,128.92,128.42,128.39,127.00,126.78(d,J=4.0Hz),124.28(d,J=268.0Hz),69.04,68.45,58.99,55.16,53.68,53.21,39.07,35.58,33.73,28.17,19.99;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C26H34F3N3O4S2([M-H]-):572.1865,found 572.1858.
实施例4
(R)-1-烯丙基-N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)哌啶-3-甲酰胺(4-1)的合成,合成方法如式(四);
式(四)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(g)对硝基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(j)K2CO3,溴丙烯,dry DMF;(k)(ⅰ)NaOH,H2OH,(ⅱ)1N HCl;(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP,dry DMF。
4.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
4.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(8)的制备与2.2中所述一致。
4.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺(9)的制备方法2.3中所述一致。
4.4中间体(R)-1-烯丙基哌啶-3-羧酸乙酯(16)的制备:
将15(0.25g,1.59mmol)溶于4mL无水DMF并置于冰浴中搅拌,依次缓慢加入K2CO3(0.66g,4.77mmol)和溴丙烯(0.19g,1.59mmol),室温反应过夜。反应结束后,向反应液中加水稀释,乙酸乙酯萃取。离取有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂得微黄色油状物16(0.24g,收率75.6%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ5.88–5.76(m,1H),5.10–5.00(m,2H),4.50–4.39(m,1H),4.08–3.97(m,1H),3.38–3.30(m,1H),3.19–3.10(m,1H),3.11–3.04(m,1H),2.76–2.68(m,1H),2.67–2.59(m,1H),2.58–2.48(m,1H),2.30–2.12(m,2H),1.68–1.52(m,2H),1.53–1.41(m,1H),1.23(t,J=8.0Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 198.4.
4.5中间体(R)-1-烯丙基哌啶-3-羧酸(17)的制备:
将NaOH(0.14g,3.60mmol)溶于水(4mL)后逐滴加入16(0.24g,1.20mmol)中,室温搅拌1小时。反应结束后在冰浴中用1N的HCl调节pH至2,继续搅拌0.5小时。接着反应液经石油醚洗涤,减压浓缩,所得固体用少量无水甲醇复溶,硅藻土过滤,减压蒸除溶剂得到白色固体17(0.20g,收率99.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ5.89–5.77(m,1H),5.15–5.01(m,2H),3.70–3.61(m,1H),3.59–3.51(m,1H),3.24–3.16(m,1H),3.07–2.98(m,1H),2.71–2.61(m,1H),2.46–2.38(m,1H),2.15–2.06(m,1H),2.04–1.93(m,1H),1.82–1.69(m,1H),1.58–1.47(m,1H),1.47–1.35(m,1H);LC-MS(ESI)[M-H]-m/z 168.4.
4.6终产物(R)-1-烯丙基-N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)哌啶-3-甲酰胺(4-1)的制备方法与1.5中所述一致,由化合物17(16.9mg,0.10mmol)和化合物9(46.3mg,0.11mmol)经酰化反应得到黄色固体4-1(32.5mg,收率56.8%)。
mp 128.6-131.1℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ8.38–8.31(m,2H),8.09–8.03(m,2H),7.32–7.24(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),5.94–5.83(m,1H),5.13–5.05(m,2H),3.73–3.63(m,2H),3.67–3.56(m,2H),3.25–3.10(m,3H),3.08–2.93(m,2H),2.79–2.67(m,3H),2.45–2.29(m,2H),2.02–1.87(m,2H),1.75–1.55(m,2H),1.53–1.41(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);
13C NMR(151MHz,CD3OD)δ175.76,150.00,141.63,137.20,134.70,130.10,129.39,128.92,127.00,125.22,118.12,68.45,60.73,55.35,55.16,53.68,53.28,53.21,40.62,35.58,28.17,27.30,22.79,19.96;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C29H40N4O6S([M-H]-):571.2590,found 571.2578.
实施例5
(7-硫氧氮杂环丙烷-4-基)-甲基-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(5-2)的合成,合成方法如式(五)所示:
式(五)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(b)对甲氧基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(l)劳森试剂,甲苯;(m)DMAP,4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯,dry DCM;(n)DIEA,dry DMF;(f)HCl(gas),DCM。
5.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
5.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3)的制备与1.2中所述一致。
5.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(4)的制备与1.3中所述一致。
5.4中间体5-(羟甲基)氮杂环-2-硫酮(19)的制备:
将18(0.31g,2.20mmol)溶于甲苯(10mL)中,缓慢加入劳森试剂(2.22g,5.5mmol),加热回流5小时。反应结束后,向反应液中加入水(10mL)稀释,用二氯甲烷(10×3mL)进行萃取。有机相经水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯)得黄色固体19(0.13g,收率37.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ3.81–3.72(m,1H),3.56–3.47(m,1H),3.40–3.31(m,1H),2.99–2.88(m,2H),2.71–2.60(m,1H),1.85–1.72(m,2H),1.53–1.42(m,1H),1.46–1.32(m,2H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 182.5.
5.5中间体4-硝基苯基((7-硫氧氮杂环丙烷-4-基)甲基)碳酸酯(20)的制备:
将化合物19(162.0g,0.50mmol)溶于无水二氯甲烷(2mL)中,氩气保护下置于冰浴搅拌,依次缓慢加入DMAP(67.1mg,0.55mmol)和4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯(120.6mg,0.60mmol),室温反应4小时。反应结束后,向反应液中加入二氯甲烷(8mL)稀释,依次用饱和NH4Cl溶液和饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂得微黄色油状物20(131.2mg,收率81.0%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.23(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.16(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),4.31–4.25(m,1H),4.15–4.08(m,1H),4.04–3.94(m,1H),2.99–2.89(m,2H),2.80–2.71(m,1H),1.84–1.74(m,2H),1.74–1.70(m,1H),1.67–1.58(m,1H),1.59–1.50(m,1H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 347.5.
5.6终产物(7-硫氧氮杂环丙烷-4-基)-甲基-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(5-2)的制备:
将化合物20(48.6mg,0.15mmol)和4(61.4mg,0.16mmol)溶于无水DMF(1mL)中,氩气保护下置于冰浴搅拌,向反应液中加入DIEA(38.8mg,0.30mmol),室温反应5小时。反应结束后,向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯(5mL)稀释,依次用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压浓缩,所得粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯(2:1),得白色固体5-2(78.5mg,收率88.5%)。
mp 159.8-162.4℃;1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.51(s,1H),7.73(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.23–7.15(m,3H),7.09(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.74(s,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.53(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),4.17–4.13(m,1H),4.01–3.92(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.73–3.62(m,3H),3.05(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.00–2.83(m,3H),2.80–2.67(m,3H),2.54–2.48(m,1H),1.94–1.90(m,1H),1.88–1.78(m,1H),1.77–1.73(m,1H),1.70–1.57(m,2H),1.55–1.45(m,1H),0.82(d,3H),0.78(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);
13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ205.52,163.60,158.44,137.20,135.46,130.30,130.10,128.92,127.00,115.85,69.36,68.45,55.46,55.35,55.16,53.21,44.52,42.48,35.58,31.74,31.62,31.45,28.17,19.96;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C29H41N3O6S2([M-H]-):590.2359,found。590.2348.
实施例6
N-((2R,3S)-3-(3-((1S,4R,6R)-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-6-基)脲基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰胺基(6-3)的合成,合成方法如式(六)所示。
式(六)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(o)6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(p)(ⅰ)0.5M PPH3Cl2-CHCl3,DIEA,dry DCM,Ar(ⅱ)NH3(g);(c)TFA,DCM;(q)TEA,(Boc)2O,THF/H2O;(r)CBr4,PPh3,dry DCM;(s)(ⅰ)K2CO3,邻苯二甲酰亚胺,DMF(ⅱ)水合肼,MeOH;(m)DMAP,4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯,dry DCM;(n)DIEA,dry DMF;(f)HCl(gas),DCM。
6.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
6.2中间体((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(21)的制备方法与1.2所述类似,化合物2(0.99g,2.97mmol)和6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰氯(0.68g,3.27mmol)经取代反应得到橘色固体21(1.47g,收率97.6%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.73–8.55(m,1H),7.90(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.00(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.10–4.02(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.69–3.59(m,1H),3.41–3.33(m,1H),2.99–2.91(m,1H),2.91–2.83(m,1H),2.81–2.73(m,1H),2.66–2.58(m,1H),2.55–2.47(m,1H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 508.5.
6.3中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰亚胺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(22)的制备:
氩气保护下将0.5M的三苯基二氯化膦氯仿溶液(6mL,3.0mmol)加入5mL无水DCM中,向其中加入DIEA(0.5mL,3.0mmol)搅拌,将21(507.2mg,1.0mmol)溶于无水DCM中并缓慢加入反应液。室温搅拌2小时后,在0℃下向反应液中通入氨气10分钟,室温搅拌过夜。反应结束后向反应液中加水淬灭,EA萃取,浓缩。粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化,洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯(1:1),得黄色固体22(365.0mg,收率72.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.81–7.77(m,1H),7.46–7.41(m,1H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),6.92(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.08–4.00(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.69–3.61(m,2H),3.28–3.20(m,1H),2.82–2.70(m,3H),2.55–2.47(m,1H),1.97–1.84(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.90–0.79(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 507.6.
6.4中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰亚胺酰胺(23)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物22(253.2mg,0.50mmol)脱Boc保护得到黄色固体23(175.1mg,收率86.2%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ8.03–7.99(m,1H),7.48–7.42(m,1H),7.32–7.24(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),6.94(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.26–4.18(m,1H),4.02–3.93(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.40–3.32(m,1H),3.22–3.14(m,1H),3.13–3.05(m,1H),2.95–2.85(m,2H),2.77–2.69(m,1H),2.06–1.93(m,1H),0.94–0.84(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z407.5.
6.5中间体(1S,4R,6R)-6-羟基-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(25)的制备:
将化合物24(56.6mg,0.50mmol)溶于四氢呋喃-水(2mL/2mL)中,冰浴搅拌,依次加入三乙胺(52.0mg,0.52mmol)和(Boc)2O(130.8mg,0.60mmol),室温反应10小时。反应结束后,向反应液中加入水(2mL)稀释,用乙酸乙酯(3×2mL)进行萃取。有机相依次用饱和NaHCO3溶液、1N的HCl溶液以及饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂得黄色油状物25(105.1mg,收率98.6%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.28–4.18(m,1H),4.01–3.92(m,1H),3.69–3.62(m,1H),3.41–3.34(m,1H),1.97–1.88(m,1H),1.82–1.73(m,1H),1.75–1.63(m,1H),1.64–1.51(m,3H),1.47(s,9H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 214.5.
6.6中间体(1S,4R,6R)-6-溴-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(26)的制备:
将25(85.2mg,0.40mmol)溶于1.5mL无水二氯甲烷中,冰浴搅拌下向其中缓慢加入1.0mL四溴化碳的无水二氯甲烷溶液(397.9mg,1.20mmol)和1.0mL三苯基膦的无水二氯甲烷溶液(314.8mg,1.20mmol),滴加完毕后逐渐恢复至室温,继续搅拌15小时。反应结束后向其中加入乙醇,搅拌2小时后向其中滴入正己烷析出固体,过滤,滤饼用二氯甲烷冲洗,滤液浓缩后经硅胶柱层析分离得到黄色油状物26(82.8mg,收率75.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.47–4.39(m,1H),4.34–4.26(m,1H),3.73–3.65(m,1H),3.44–3.37(m,1H),2.16–2.07(m,1H),2.02–1.87(m,2H),1.82–1.73(m,1H),1.75–1.63(m,1H),1.47(s,9H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 276.3.
6.7中间体(1S,4S,6R)-6-氨基-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(27)的制备:
将26(82.5mg,0.30mmol)溶于1.0mL DMF中,向其中加入K2CO3(207.3mg,1.50mmol)和邻苯二甲酰亚胺(88.2mg,0.60mmol),室温搅拌过夜,反应结束后向其中加入乙酸乙酯稀释,依次用水、饱和NaHCO3溶液、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压浓缩后将其溶于甲醇中搅拌,加入水合肼(54.6μL,0.90mmol),加热回流1小时,反应结束后冷却至室温,过滤,滤液浓缩后溶于乙酸乙酯中,依次用饱和Na2CO3溶液、水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸除溶剂得黄色油状物27(59.3mg,收率93.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ3.95–3.87(m,1H),3.69–3.62(m,1H),3.42–3.35(m,1H),3.30–3.22(m,1H),1.95–1.79(m,2H),1.75–1.59(m,2H),1.47(s,9H),1.43–1.34(m,1H),;LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 213.6.
6.8中间体(1S,4S,6R)-6-(4-硝基苯氧基羰基氨基)-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-羧酸叔丁酯(28)的制备方法与5.5中所述一致,化合物27(57.2mg,0.27mmol)与4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯(65.1mg,0.32mmol)反应得到白色固体28(84.0mg,收率82.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.25–8.18(m,2H),7.14–7.08(m,2H),4.56(s,1H),4.27–4.19(m,1H),4.01–3.93(m,1H),3.78–3.71(m,1H),3.50–3.43(m,1H),2.09–1.94(m,2H),1.90–1.80(m,1H),1.75–1.58(m,2H),1.47(s,9H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z378.4.
6.9中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-(3-((1S,4R,6R)-2-N-Boc-双环[2.2.1]庚烷-6-基)脲基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰胺基(29)的制备方法与5.6中所述一致,化合物28(56.6mg,0.15mmol)与23(65.0mg,0.16mmol)反应得到白色固体29(76.2mg,收率78.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.16–8.12(m,1H),7.55–7.49(m,1H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.02(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.27–4.19(m,1H),4.01–3.93(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.71–3.59(m,2H),3.57–3.42(m,3H),3.38–3.30(m,1H),3.22–3.14(m,1H),3.00–2.89(m,2H),2.13–1.94(m,3H),1.81–1.64(m,2H),1.57–1.48(m,1H),1.47(s,9H),0.93–0.86(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 645.6.
6.10终产物N-((2R,3S)-3-(3-((1S,4R,6R)-2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-6-基)脲基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-6-甲氧基吡啶-3-磺酰胺基(6-3)的制备方法与1.6中所述一致,化合物29(64.4mg,0.10mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体6-3(48.8mg,收率89.7%)。
mp 192.1-193.4℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.17–8.13(m,1H),7.54–7.49(m,1H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.05–6.99(m,1H),5.21–5.14(m,2H),4.85–4.77(m,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.93–3.84(m,1H),3.69–3.56(m,2H),3.55–3.48(m,1H),3.31–3.19(m,3H),3.18–3.10(m,1H),2.91–2.83(m,1H),2.73–2.61(m,2H),2.05–1.81(m,4H),1.72–1.60(m,1H),1.30–1.21(m,1H),0.97–0.84(m,8H);
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ164.57,157.57,148.45,144.51,137.20,131.89,128.92,127.00,126.58,110.34,68.45,63.42,54.17,53.88,53.82,52.49,52.08,47.96,38.56,37.16,36.47,35.58,28.17,19.99;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C27H40N6O4S([M-H]-):543.2753,found 543.2743.
实施例7
N-(2R,3S)-3-(((4aR,6R,8aS)-十氢异喹啉-6-磺酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-P-(4-羟基苯基)-N-异丁基膦酰胺酸(7-4)的合成,合成方法如式(七)所示:
式(七)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(t)4-苄氧基苯基二氯化膦,Tetrazole,Toluene,Ar,BnOH,DIEA;(u)Pd(OAc)2,30bar H2,EtOH;(c)TFA,DCM;(q)TEA,(Boc)2O,THF/H2O;(r)CBr4,PPh3,dry DCM;(v)硫脲,dry EtOH;(w)NCS,盐酸,乙腈;(x)DIEA,DMAP,dry DCM;(f)HCl(gas),DCM。
7.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
7.2中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-4-(苄氧基-4-苄氧基苯基磷酰基异丁基氨基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(30)的制备:
将4-苄氧基苯基二氯化膦(1.32g,4.4mmol)和四氮唑(2.8mg,0.04mmol)溶于10mL甲苯,将反应瓶置于冰浴中,在氩气保护下向其中依次加入苯甲醇(432mg,4.0mmol)、DIEA(568mg,4.4mmol),搅拌30分钟后,室温继续搅拌3小时。反应结束后,在冰浴条件下向反应液中加入2(1.34g,4.0mmol)和DIEA(568mg,4.4mmol),搅拌30分钟后,室温继续搅拌4小时。反应结束后用C18反相柱进行分离纯化得到白色固体30(1.67g,收率62.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.78–7.70(m,2H),7.44–7.24(m,12H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.07–7.00(m,2H),5.45–5.38(m,1H),5.25–5.18(m,1H),4.85–4.76(m,1H),4.74–4.69(m,1H),4.27–4.17(m,1H),4.01–3.91(m,1H),3.60–3.52(m,1H),3.30–3.22(m,1H),3.02–2.89(m,2H),2.77–2.64(m,2H),1.62–1.50(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.88–0.80(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 673.6.
7.3中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-P-(4-羟基苯基)-N-异丁基膦酰胺酸(31)的制备:
将30(1.61g,2.4mmol)溶于30mL无水乙醇中,加入醋酸钯(0.16g),反应液在30bar氢气压下室温搅拌10小时。反应结束后反应液经硅藻土过滤,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化得白色固体31(1.10g,收率93.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.60–7.55(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),6.90–6.84(m,2H),4.27–4.17(m,1H),4.10–4.02(m,1H),3.04–2.93(m,3H),2.88–2.69(m,3H),1.60–1.48(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.80–0.70(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 493.6.
7.4中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-P-(4-羟基苯基)-N-异丁基膦酰胺酸(32)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物31(1.08g,2.20mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体32(708.9mg,收率82.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.54–7.48(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),6.87–6.82(m,2H),4.12–4.03(m,1H),3.22–3.14(m,1H),3.10–2.94(m,2H),2.93–2.85(m,1H),2.81–2.67(m,3H),1.63–1.50(m,1H),0.86–0.76(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z393.5.
7.5中间体叔丁基(4aR,6S,8aS)-6-羟基八氢异喹啉-2(1H)-羧酸盐(34)的制备方法与6.5中所述一致,化合物33(155.1mg,1.0mmol)经Boc保护得到无色油状物34(251.0mg,收率98.8%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.46–4.37(m,1H),3.92–3.82(m,1H),3.85–3.76(m,1H),3.29–3.21(m,1H),3.09–3.00(m,1H),2.02–1.91(m,1H),1.88–1.62(m,5H),1.60–1.47(m,2H),1.47(s,9H),1.46–1.34(m,2H),1.29–1.18(m,1H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 256.5.
7.6中间体叔丁基(4aR,6R,8aS)-6-溴八氢异喹啉-2(1H)-羧酸盐(35)的制备方法与6.6中所述一致,化合物34(229.5mg,0.90mmol)经溴代反应得到黄色油状物35(209.1mg,收率73.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.69–4.60(m,1H),4.35–4.25(m,1H),3.75–3.68(m,1H),3.41–3.33(m,1H),3.18–3.08(m,1H),2.15–2.04(m,2H),2.02–1.88(m,2H),1.84–1.75(m,1H),1.77–1.63(m,3H),1.56–1.42(m,2H),1.47(s,9H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 319.6.
7.7中间体叔丁基(4aR,6S,8aS)-6-氨基甲酰硫基八氢异喹啉-2(1H)-羧酸盐(36)的制备:
将35(190.8mg,0.60mmol)溶于5mL无水乙醇中,搅拌,向其中加入硫脲(45.6mg,0.60mmol),加热回流5小时,反应结束后冷却至室温,减压蒸除溶剂,正己烷洗涤得到白色固体36(156.0mg,收率83.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ6.85(s,2H),4.35–4.25(m,1H),3.74–3.67(m,1H),3.38–3.30(m,1H),3.19–3.09(m,1H),2.96–2.86(m,1H),2.32–2.18(m,2H),2.02–1.91(m,1H),1.87–1.63(m,5H),1.47(s,9H),1.47–1.38(m,1H),1.39–1.28(m,1H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 314.4.
7.8中间体叔丁基(4aR,6S,8aS)-6-氯磺酰基八氢异喹啉-2(1H)-羧酸盐(37)的制备:
冰浴搅拌下将NCS(255.4mg,1.92mmol)加入2M盐酸乙腈溶液(2.5mL)中,向其中缓慢加入36(150.2mg,0.48mmol),室温搅拌30分钟,反应结束后,向反应液中加入乙酸乙酯和水,离取有机层并用饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸除溶剂得白色固体37(139.6mg,收率86.3%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.33–4.24(m,1H),3.75–3.67(m,1H),3.41–3.33(m,1H),3.18–3.07(m,2H),2.19–2.09(m,1H),2.06–1.95(m,2H),1.99–1.91(m,1H),1.89–1.79(m,1H),1.78–1.62(m,3H),1.57–1.42(m,2H),1.47(s,10H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 338.5.
7.9中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-(((4aR,6R,8aS)-2-叔丁氧羰基十氢异喹啉)-6-磺酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-P-(4-羟苯基)-N-异丁基膦酰胺酸(38)的制备:
将32(129.4mg,0.33mmol)溶于1.0mL无水DCM中,冰浴搅拌下加入DIEA(193.5mg,1.50mmol)和DMAP(7.3mg,0.06mmol)。将37(101.1mg,0.30mmol)溶于0.5mL无水DCM中后缓慢加入反应液中,滴加完毕后逐渐恢复至室温,随后加热回流5小时,反应结束后向其中加入DCM稀释,依次用饱和氯化铵溶液、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩后粗品经硅胶柱分离纯化得黄色固体38(154.3mg,收率74.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.33–7.24(m,4H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),7.12–7.06(m,2H),5.75–5.70(m,1H),4.36–4.27(m,1H),4.10–4.01(m,1H),3.47–3.25(m,3H),3.20–3.11(m,1H),3.02–2.89(m,3H),2.89–2.79(m,2H),2.77–2.69(m,1H),2.38–2.27(m,1H),2.00–1.93(m,2H),1.96–1.84(m,2H),1.80–1.67(m,2H),1.47(s,9H),1.48–1.32(m,3H),0.86(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.73(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 694.6.
7.10终产物N-(2R,3S)-3-(((4aR,6R,8aS)-十氢异喹啉-6-磺酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-P-(4-羟基苯基)-N-异丁基膦酰胺酸(7-4)的制备方法与1.6中所述一致,化合物38(138.6mg,0.20mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体7-4(98.0mg,收率82.7%)。
mp 153.4-155.7℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.41–7.35(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),7.13–7.07(m,2H),4.30–4.20(m,1H),3.36–3.27(m,2H),3.12–3.03(m,2H),3.02–2.89(m,2H),2.90–2.81(m,2H),2.79–2.67(m,3H),2.65–2.57(m,1H),2.15–2.04(m,1H),1.98–1.88(m,1H),1.84–1.73(m,2H),1.76–1.61(m,2H),1.62–1.45(m,2H),1.36–1.25(m,1H),1.18–1.08(m,1H),0.84(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.74(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);
13C NMR(101MHz,CD3OD)δ161.99,137.71,137.52,136.52,133.62,133.52,129.46,128.92,127.00,116.96,116.88,68.31,68.26,62.69,58.18,54.51,54.46,53.23,53.18,51.21,45.34,36.47,34.94,33.09,31.35,27.45,27.14,24.48,20.67,20.63,20.35;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C29H44N3O6PS([M-H]-):592.2610,found 592.2592.
实施例8
N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(4-羟胺基-N-异丁基苯基磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-1-甲基-2-氧代吲哚-5-甲酰胺(8-1)的合成,合成方法如下式(八)所示:
式(八)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(g)对硝基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP;dry DMF;(y)Ru/C,水合肼,THF。
8.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
8.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(8)的制备方法与2.2所述所述一致。
8.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺酰胺(9)的制备方法与2.3所述所述一致。
8.4中间体N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-硝基苯磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-1-甲基-2-氧代吲哚-5-甲酰胺(40)的制备方法与1.5中所述一致,化合物39(47.8mg,0.25mmol)和化合物9(109.5mg,0.26mmol)经酰化反应得到微黄色固体40(109.1mg,收率73.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.40–8.34(m,2H),8.09–8.03(m,3H),7.84–7.78(m,1H),7.32–7.20(m,3H),7.23–7.15(m,3H),4.27–4.18(m,1H),3.86–3.70(m,3H),3.69–3.59(m,1H),3.28–3.21(m,1H),3.11–3.03(m,1H),3.04(s,3H),3.01–2.93(m,1H),2.85–2.77(m,1H),2.75–2.67(m,1H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z595.6.
8.5终产物N-((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(4-羟胺基-N-异丁基苯基磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)-1-甲基-2-氧代吲哚-5-甲酰胺(8-1)的制备:
将40(118.8mg,0.20mmol)、5%Ru/C(20.2mg,0.01mmol)溶于1.0mLTHF中,加入水合肼(100mg,2.0mmol),室温搅拌3小时。反应结束后过滤浓缩,加入DCM稀释。用水、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸除溶剂,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化得白色固体8-1(103.8mg,收率89.5%)。
mp 167.2-169.8℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.11–8.06(m,1H),7.84–7.78(m,1H),7.42–7.36(m,2H),7.32–7.15(m,6H),6.84–6.78(m,2H),4.22–4.13(m,1H),3.82–3.59(m,4H),3.21–3.06(m,2H),3.04(s,3H),3.01–2.93(m,1H),2.92–2.84(m,1H),2.75–2.67(m,1H),1.98–1.86(m,1H),0.85–0.75(m,6H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3OD)δ173.12,166.55,152.76,151.12,137.20,134.43,131.22,130.89,130.10,129.19,128.92,127.55,127.00,125.72,116.94,112.23,68.45,55.16,54.17,53.21,41.64,35.58,28.17,26.09,19.99;HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C30H35N4O6S([M-H]-):579.2277,found 579.2219.
实施例9
(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-4,6-二氧六氢-2H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-3-基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(9-2)的合成,合成方法如式(九)所示。
式(九)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(b)对甲氧基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(z)1,4-二噻烷-2,5-二醇,DABCO,CH3Cl;(m)DMAP,4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯,dry DCM;(n)DIEA,dry DMF。
9.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
9.2中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(3)的制备与1.2中所述一致。
9.3中间体N-(((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(4)的制备与1.3中所述一致。
9.4中间体(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-3-羟基四氢-4H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-4,6-5H-二酮(42)的制备:
将1,4-二噻烷-2,5-二醇(152.0mg,1.0mmol)溶于5mL氯仿中并搅拌,向其中缓慢加入41(268.5mg,1.5mmol)和DABCO(11.2mg,0.1mmol),室温搅拌1小时。反应结束后,向其中加入二氯甲烷稀释,依次用水、饱和氯化铵溶液、饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。减压浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯)得黄色固体42(229.2mg,收率89.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ4.38–4.34(m,1H),3.97(s,1H),3.72–3.68(m,1H),3.64–3.60(m,1H),3.26–3.17(m,2H),2.79(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),1.96–1.87(m,2H),1.84–1.71(m,3H),1.72–1.59(m,2H),1.54–1.40(m,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 278.5.
9.5中间体(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-4,6-二氧六氢-2H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-3-基(4-硝基苯基)碳酸酯(43)的制备方法与5.5中所述一致,化合物42(127.3g,0.50mmol)经取代反应得到得微黄色油状物43(155.1mg,收率73.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.25(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.18(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),5.66–5.62(m,1H),4.14–4.10(m,1H),4.03–3.99(m,1H),3.55–3.51(m,1H),3.25–3.19(m,1H),2.87–2.81(m,1H),2.27–2.17(m,2H),1.83–1.72(m,1H),1.75–1.61(m,4H),1.62–1.50(m,1H),1.46–1.33(m,2H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+Na]+m/z 443.5.
9.6终产物(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-4,6-二氧六氢-2H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-3-基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(9-2)的制备方法与5.6中所述一致,化合物43(63.0mg,0.15mmol)和4(61.4mg,0.16mmol)经取代反应得到白色固体9-2(84.9mg,收率82.4%)。
mp 142.1-144.4℃;1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.78(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.23–7.15(m,3H),7.08(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),5.81(s,1H),4.78(s,1H),3.96–3.92(m,1H),3.83–3.78(m,4H),3.66–3.62(m,1H),3.43–3.37(m,2H),3.27–3.21(m,2H),3.01–2.94(m,2H),2.92–2.86(m,1H),2.80–2.68(m,2H),2.54–2.48(m,1H),1.94–1.87(m,2H),1.79–1.40(m,7H),1.41–1.29(m,2H),0.82(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);
13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ178.09,169.16,163.60,157.13,137.20,135.46,130.30,130.10,128.92,127.00,115.85,79.48,68.45,62.44,55.60,55.46,55.35,55.16,53.36,53.21,36.85,35.58,30.54,28.17,25.41,25.08,19.98;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C34H45N3O8S2([M-H]-):686.2570,found 686.2588.
实施例10
N-((2R,3S)-2-羟基-3-(3-(2-异丙基-1,3-二氧异吲哚-5-基)脲基)-4-苯基丁基)-N-((R)-2-羟丙基)-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(10-3)的合成,合成方法如式(十)所示:
式(十)中,(a)(R)-1-氨基-2-丙醇,CH3CN;(b)对甲氧基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(p)(i)0.5M PPH3Cl2-CHCl3,DIEA,dry DCM,Ar(ii)NH3(g);(c)TFA,DCM;(m)DMAP,4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯,dry DCM;(n)DIEA,dry DMF。
10.1中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(((R)-2-羟丙基)氨基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(44)的制备与1.1所述类似,化合物1(7.00g,26.6mmol)与(R)-1-氨基-2-丙醇(4.99g,66.5mmol)经开环反应得白色固体44(7.75g,收率86.2%).
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),4.10–4.01(m,2H),3.98–3.86(m,1H),3.28–3.19(m,1H),3.05–2.95(m,2H),2.91–2.79(m,3H),1.44(s,9H),1.18(d,J=6.8Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 339.4.
10.2中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-((N-((R)-2-羟丙基)-4-甲氧基苯基)磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(45)的制备方法与1.2所述一致,44(1.69g,5.0mmol)与4-甲氧基苯磺酰氯(1.13g,5.50mmol)经取代反应得到黄色固体45(1.87g,收率73.6%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.68–7.63(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.08–7.03(m,2H),4.15–4.07(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.73–3.56(m,4H),3.42–3.28(m,2H),2.81–2.73(m,1H),2.59–2.47(m,2H),1.44(s,9H),1.10(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 509.5.
10.3中间体((2S,3R)-4-(N-((R)-2-羟丙基)-4-甲氧基苯磺酰亚胺酰胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(46)的制备方法与6.3所述一致,得黄色固体46(375.7mg,收率74.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.49(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.28(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),7.02(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),4.18–4.05(m,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.69–3.53(m,2H),3.46–3.38(m,1H),3.33–3.25(m,1H),2.97–2.89(m,1H),2.81–2.73(m,1H),2.60–2.47(m,2H),1.44(s,9H),1.19(d,J=7.0Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 508.6.
10.4中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-((R)-2-羟丙基)-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(47)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物46(253.5mg,0.50mmol)脱Boc保护得到黄色固体47(163.6mg,收率80.4%)。
1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ7.46–7.40(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),7.02–6.96(m,2H),4.20–4.08(m,1H),4.04–3.95(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.56–3.48(m,1H),3.21–3.12(m,3H),3.03–2.82(m,3H),1.19(d,J=7.0Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z408.5.
10.5中间体4-硝基苯基(2-异丙基-1,3-二氧异吲哚-5-基)氨基甲酸酯(49)的制备方法与5.5中所述一致,化合物48(55.1mg,0.27mmol)与4-硝基氯甲酸苯酯(65.1mg,0.32mmol)反应得到白色固体49(72.2mg,收率72.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.27–8.20(m,2H),8.20–8.16(m,1H),7.87–7.81(m,1H),7.18–7.12(m,2H),7.05–6.99(m,1H),4.47–4.35(m,1H),1.41(d,J=6.5Hz,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 370.4.
10.6终产物N-((2R,3S)-2-羟基-3-(3-(2-异丙基-1,3-二氧异吲哚-5-基)脲基)-4-苯基丁基)-N-((R)-2-羟丙基)-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺(10-3)的制备方法与5.6中所述一致,化合物49(55.3mg,0.15mmol)与47(65.1mg,0.16mmol)反应得到白色固体10-3(69.7mg,收率72.9%)。
mp 184.2-186.7℃;1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.96–8.91(m,1H),8.30–8.25(m,1H),7.70(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.50(s,1H),7.43–7.37(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.12(m,4H),7.03–6.97(m,2H),5.63(s,1H),4.47–4.35(m,1H),4.21–4.11(m,2H),3.80(s,3H),3.69–3.53(m,2H),3.45–3.24(m,3H),3.06–2.99(m,1H),2.83–2.75(m,1H),2.57(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),1.46–1.36(m,6H),1.19(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);
13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ168.21,167.87,163.69,155.90,144.75,138.02,137.20,130.10,130.02,129.41,129.36,128.92,127.00,123.60,120.77,115.06,113.10,68.45,66.27,55.35,53.82,53.67,52.08,46.47,35.58,21.24,20.39;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C32H39N5O7S([M-H]-):636.2492,found 636.2504.
实施例11
N-((2R,3S)-2-羟基-3-(3-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-8-甲酰胺基)-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-P-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺酸(11-1)的合成,合成方法如式(十一)所示:
式(十一)中,(a)异丁胺,CH3CN;(B)4-甲氧基苯基二氯化膦,Tetrazole,Toluene,Ar,BnOH,DIEA;(C)10%Pd/C,50psi H2,THF;(c)TFA,DCM;(e)EDCI,HOBt,DMAP;dry DMF。
11.1中间体((2S,3R)-4-异丁氨基-3-羟基-1-苯基丁-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2)的制备与1.1所述一致。
11.2中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-4-(((苄氧基)(4-甲氧基苯基)磷酰基)(异丁基)氨基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(50)的制备方法与7.2类似,化合物2(1.34g,4.0mmol)和4-甲氧基苯基二氯化膦(0.98g,4.4mmol)经Arbuzov反应得到白色固体50(1.55g,收率65.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.77–7.69(m,2H),7.38–7.24(m,7H),7.28–7.15(m,3H),7.03–6.97(m,2H),4.86–4.77(m,1H),4.69–4.58(m,2H),4.27–4.17(m,1H),3.98–3.90(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.63–3.55(m,1H),3.02–2.88(m,2H),2.78–2.70(m,2H),2.74–2.62(m,2H),1.75–1.63(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.91–0.82(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 597.6.
11.3中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-叔丁氧羰基氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-P-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺酸(51)的制备:
将50(1.61g,2.4mmol)溶于30mL溶于THF中,加入10%的Pd/C(1.61g),于50psi氢气压下室温搅拌4小时,反应结束后反应液经硅藻土过滤,在冰浴条件下用1N的盐酸调节pH至5.0,EA萃取,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩,粗品经硅胶柱层析分离纯化得白色固体51(1.10g,收率90.8%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.71–7.66(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),6.99–6.94(m,2H),4.27–4.17(m,1H),4.04–3.96(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.44–3.36(m,1H),3.32–3.24(m,1H),3.09–2.94(m,2H),2.86–2.78(m,1H),2.77–2.69(m,1H),1.78–1.66(m,1H),1.44(s,9H),0.92–0.82(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 507.6.
11.4中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-P-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺酸(52)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物51(1.11g,2.20mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体52(770.0mg,收率86.2%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.68–7.62(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),7.01–6.95(m,2H),3.97–3.87(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.21–3.12(m,2H),3.02–2.94(m,1H),2.85–2.77(m,1H),2.77–2.65(m,2H),1.53–1.41(m,1H),0.87–0.76(m,6H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 407.5.
11.5终产物N-((2R,3S)-2-羟基-3-(3-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-8-甲酰胺基)-4-苯基丁基)-N-异丁基-P-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺酸(11-1)的制备方法与1.5中所述一致,由化合物53(19.1mg,0.10mmol)和化合物52(44.7mg,0.11mmol)经酰化反应得到黄色固体4-1(44.5mg,收率76.8%)。
mp 182.6-184.1℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ7.88–7.82(m,1H),7.77–7.71(m,2H),7.66–7.60(m,1H),7.32–7.15(m,6H),6.97(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),4.28–4.15(m,3H),3.80(s,3H),3.77–3.61(m,3H),3.50–3.42(m,1H),3.25–3.17(m,1H),3.12–3.04(m,1H),3.02–2.93(m,1H),2.92–2.84(m,1H),2.77–2.68(m,1H),1.61–1.49(m,1H),0.90(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.66(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);
13C NMR(151MHz,CD3OD)δ169.35,169.03,162.85,139.87,137.52,137.20,136.52,135.69,134.05,133.95,130.53,130.10,129.14,128.92,127.00,125.78,125.00,114.67,114.59,68.35,68.30,55.35,54.51,54.46,54.17,53.23,53.18,41.81,41.49,35.58,20.67,20.63,20.35;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C31H38N3O6P([M-H]-):578.2420,found 578.2438.
实施例12
(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-4,6-二氧六氢-2H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-3-基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(12-4)的合成,合成方法如式(十二)所示:
式(十二)中,(D)(S)-1-氨基-2-丙醇,CH3CN;(E)4-苄氧基苯磺酰氯,DIEA,DMAP,THF;(u)Pd(OAc)2,30bar H2,EtOH;(c)TFA,DCM;(v)硫脲,dry EtOH;(w)NCS,盐酸,乙腈;(x)DIEA,DMAP,dry DCM。
12.1中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(((S)-2-羟丙基)氨基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(54)的制备与1.1所述类似,化合物1(7.00g,26.6mmol)与(S)-1-氨基-2-丙醇(4.99g,66.5mmol)经开环反应得白色固体54(7.23g,收率80.4%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.31–7.26(m,2H),7.22–7.16(m,3H),4.12–4.02(m,2H),3.98–3.86(m,1H),3.28–3.19(m,1H),3.05–2.95(m,2H),2.91–2.79(m,3H),1.45(s,9H),1.19(d,J=7.0Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 339.4.
12.2中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-4-((4-(苄氧基)-N-((S)-2-羟丙基)苯基)磺胺基)-3-羟基-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(55)的制备方法与1.2所述一致,54(1.69g,5.0mmol)与4-苄氧基苯磺酰氯(1.55g,5.50mmol)经取代反应得到白色固体55(2.59g,收率88.6%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.70–7.65(m,2H),7.44–7.24(m,7H),7.24–7.10(m,5H),5.45–5.38(m,1H),5.19–5.12(m,1H),4.15–4.07(m,1H),3.75–3.57(m,4H),3.44–3.28(m,2H),2.81–2.73(m,1H),2.59–2.47(m,2H),1.44(s,9H),1.10(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 585.5.
12.3中间体叔丁基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-((4-羟基-N-((S)-2-羟丙基)苯基)磺胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(56)的制备的制备方法与7.3所述一致,化合物55(1.40g,2.4mmol)经氢化反应得白色固体56(1.14g,收率96.1%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.62–7.56(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.15(m,3H),6.92–6.86(m,2H),4.15–4.07(m,1H),3.72–3.57(m,4H),3.43–3.28(m,2H),2.81–2.73(m,1H),2.59–2.47(m,2H),1.44(s,10H),1.10(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z495.6.
12.4中间体N-((2R,3S)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基丁基)-4-羟基-N-((S)-2-羟丙基)苯磺酰胺(57)的制备方法与1.3所述一致,化合物56(1.08g,2.20mmol)脱Boc保护得到白色固体57(680mg,收率78.5%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ7.62–7.56(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),6.92–6.86(m,2H),4.15–4.04(m,2H),3.84–3.76(m,1H),3.71–3.61(m,2H),3.28–3.13(m,4H),2.92–2.84(m,1H),1.11(d,J=7.0Hz,3H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 395.5.
12.5中间体(1-甲基-2-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉-6-基)氨基甲磺酰胺(59)的制备方法与7.7所述一致,得到白色固体59(115.0mg,收率80.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.14–7.08(m,1H),7.04–7.00(m,1H),6.66(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.32(s,3H),2.82–2.75(m,2H),2.57(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.50(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),2.50(s,2H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z 238.4.
12.6中间体(1-甲基-2-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉-6-基)甲磺酰氯(60)的制备方法与7.8所述一致得白色固体60(100.7mg,收率76.9%)。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30–7.20(m,2H),6.76(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.55(t,J=1.0Hz,2H),3.49(s,3H),2.81–2.75(m,2H),2.57(t,J=6.0Hz,2H);LC-MS(ESI)[M+H]+m/z274.5.
12.7终产物(3S,3aS,6aS)-5-环己基-4,6-二氧六氢-2H-噻吩并[2,3-c]吡咯-3-基((2S,3R)-3-羟基-4-(N-异丁基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰胺基)-1-苯基丁烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯(12-4)的制备方法与7.9所述一致,化合物57(130.0mg,0.33mmol)和60(81.9mg,0.30mmol)经取代反应得黄色固体12-4(144.2mg,收率76.2%)。
mp 162.2-164.8℃;1H NMR(600MHz,CD3OD)δ7.62–7.56(m,2H),7.39–7.33(m,1H),7.32–7.23(m,3H),7.24–7.14(m,3H),6.92–6.86(m,2H),6.77(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),4.86–4.77(m,1H),4.49–4.42(m,1H),4.20–4.08(m,1H),3.82–3.69(m,3H),3.65–3.39(m,4H),3.49(s,3H),3.33–3.06(m,3H),2.98–2.90(m,1H),2.77–2.69(m,1H),1.20(d,J=6.6Hz,3H);
13C NMR(151MHz,CD3OD)δ169.32,160.20,140.10,137.71,133.85,133.25,130.29,129.46,128.92,127.00,124.81,124.77,123.94,119.42,115.62,68.42,66.27,62.21,59.48,55.84,53.21,36.47,31.13,30.54,28.53,21.24;
HRMS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C30H37N3O8S2([M-H]-):630.1944,found 630.1938.
性能测试1
将实施例1~12中所制备的化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4均用DMSO溶解,并用双蒸水进行梯度稀释得到不同浓度的溶液作为样品,按照下述方法测定上述化合物对HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性和细胞毒性。
按照文献(董飚,章天,陶佩珍.高通量荧光底物HIV-1蛋白酶模型的建立[J].中国艾滋病性病,2006(05):402-405.)的方法对化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4进行HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性的测试:
底物为(Arg-Glu(EDANS)-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-Lys(DABCYL)-Arg)(AnaSpec),底物切点两侧分别标记Edans和Dabcyl发色团。Edans的荧光发色光谱与Dabcyl的吸收光谱重叠,在10纳米以内距离内通过荧光共振能量转移产生荧光淬灭,使完整的底物几乎没有荧光。当荧光底物经HIV蛋白酶切后,Edans发色团远离了Dabcyl基团,荧光淬灭条件消失,这时Edans就在340nm的激发光下于490nm处产生荧光,加入实施例1~12制备的化合物后,化合物对酶抑制活性强时则底物产物减少,荧光强度降低,反之荧光强度增加。
按照文献(董飚,章天,陶佩珍.高通量荧光底物HIV-1蛋白酶模型的建立[J].中国艾滋病性病,2006(05):402-405)的方法用96孔板对样品进行HIV-1PR抑制活性的测定,每孔加入底物(5μM)和缓冲液185μL,加入5μL样品溶液,测定空白吸收,加入10μL HIV-1PR,孵育5min后测定490nm波长的吸光度,计算出各个浓度下样品的抑制率,用Graphpad软件计算得到IC50值,以DRV(Darunavir)(购自美国ARP(American Research Product)公司)为阳性对照。
其中,HIV-1PR按照(王云华等.HIV-1蛋白酶的表达、纯化及其抑制剂体外筛选方法的建立.中国病毒学第21卷2期.2006年3月)中的方法在大肠杆菌中表达并纯化,HIV-1PR使用PD-10柱脱盐。
以HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂DRV(Darunavir)为阳性对照,按照上述方法测定实施例1~12中制备的化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4对蛋白酶(PR)抑制活性及细胞毒性。化合物对HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性如表1所示。
表1实施例1~12所得化合物对HIV-1蛋白酶抑制活性
由表1可以看出,化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4对HIV-1蛋白酶均具有显著的抑制活性。
细胞毒性的测试方法:
化合物细胞毒性采用试剂盒Cell CountingKit-8(CCK-8试剂盒)测定。用96孔板对样品进行细胞毒性测试,每孔加入293T细胞2万个,孵育24h后加入1μL样品,继续孵育24h,加入10μLCCK-8,2h后与450nm下测定吸光度,计算出各个浓度存活细胞的百分率,用Graphpad软件计算得到CC50值,以DMSO为空白对照,以DRV(Darunavir)为阳性对照,所得结果如表2所示。
表2实施例1~12所得化合物的细胞毒性
化合物 | CC<sub>50</sub>(μM) | 化合物 | CC<sub>50</sub>(μM) |
1-1 | 320.1 | 8-1 | 274.9 |
2-1 | 280.1 | 9-2 | 327.6 |
3-1 | 251.2 | 10-3 | 299.3 |
4-1 | 331.5 | 11-1 | 310.4 |
5-2 | 309.4 | 12-4 | 298.9 |
6-3 | 274.9 | DRV | 244.7 |
7-4 | 327.6 |
由表2可以看出,化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4具有低细胞毒性。
性能测试2
按照下述方法测定实施例1~12制备的化合物1-1、2-1、3-1、4-1、5-2、6-3、7-4、8-1、9-2、10-3、11-1、12-4对HIV-1蛋白酶耐药株尤其是DRV耐药株的抑制活性:
利用基因合成引物工具SBS Genetech诱导HIV-1病毒株产生突变,以pNL4-3-E-R-为质粒,诱导蛋白酶上的氨基酸残基V32I、L33F、I54M和I84V发生突变。
突变体的引物为:
32/33(F’-ACAGGAGCA GATGATACAATATTTGAAGAAAT GAATTTGCCA,
R’-TGGCAAATTCATTTC TTCAAATATTGTATCATCTGC TCCTGT),
54(F’-GGGAATTGGAGGTTTTATG AAAGTAAGACAGTATGAT,
R’-ATCATACTGTCTTACTTTCATAAAACCTCCAATTCCC)
和84(F’-GGA CCTACACCTGTCAACGTAATTGGAAGAA ATCTGT,
R’-ATCATACTG TCTTACTTTCATAAAACCTCCAATTCCC)。
确定突变质粒的核苷酸序列后,培养于含10%FBS的DMEM培养基中。转染前接种于96孔板(细胞浓度为1.5×105/mL),于2mL培养基中培养。24h后转染,转染5h后加入一定浓度待测样品,置5%CO2,37℃培养48h。后收取上清液,测定感染细胞中荧光素酶活性,计算各样品的对HIV-1蛋白酶耐药株的抑制活性。所得结果如表3所示。
表3实施例1~12所得化合物对DRV耐药株抑制活性
由表3可以看出,本发明的化合物对野生型HIV-1耐药毒株和DRV高耐药毒株均具有显著的抑制活性。
由以上性能测试可以看出,本发明提供的具有式1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物均具有明显的HIV蛋白酶抑制活性,并且对DRV耐药株具有显著的抑制活性,毒性研究显示其具有良好的成药性,表明该类化合物作为抗艾滋病药物具有良好的应用前景。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1所示结构:
式1中,Ra为以下取代基中的任意一种:
Ra中,R1是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
A、B为O、S、N或C,且A和B中至少有一个为C;
当A是C或N时,R2是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
当A是O或S时,R2不存在;
当B是C或N时,R5是H、C1~C6直链或支链的烷基、C1~C6直链或支链的烷氧基、C2~C6直链或支链的烯基、C3~C6直链或支链的烷氧烯基、C3~C6环烷基或C3~C6环烯基;
当B是O或S时,R5不存在;
R3为2H、O或S;
R4为2H、O或S;
式1中,n为1、2或3;
3.权利要求1或2所述的含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
含氮杂环类化合物与氨基衍生物进行取代反应,得到具有式1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物;
所述含氮杂化类化合物具有式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4所示结构:
式A-1、式A-2、式A-3或式A-4中Ra和n的范围与权利要求1或2中Ra和n的范围相同;
所述氨基衍生物具有式B所示结构:
所述具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
按照①的方案制备得到含氮杂环氨基衍生物,具有式1-2所示结构;
将所述具有式1-2所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物与水合肼进行还原反应,得到具有式1-1所示结构的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
将所述第二中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第三中间体进行氢化反应,得到第四中间体,所述第四中间体具有式(d)所示结构:
将所述第四中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
所述具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-1-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-1-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将式(b)所示结构的第二中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第五中间体,所述第五中间体具有式(e)所示结构:
将所述第五中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将式(c)所示结构的第三中间体进行亚胺化反应,得到第六中间体,所述第六中间体具有式(f)所示结构:
将所述第六中间体进行氢化反应,得到第七中间体,所述第七中间体具有式(g)所示结构:
将所述第七中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-2所示结构的氨基衍生物;
所述具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基酸衍生物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将具有式B-2-2所示结构的氨基衍生物进行氢化反应,得到具有式B-2-1所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第八中间体进行氢化反应,得到第九中间体,所述第九中间体具有式(i)所示结构:
将所述第九中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第十中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十一中间体,所述第十一中间体具有式(k)所示结构:
将所述第十一中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物;
将所述第十二中间体进行氢化反应,得到第十三中间体,所述第十三中间体具有式(m)所示结构:
将所述第十三中间体进行脱保护反应,得到具有式B-3所示结构的氨基衍生物。
10.一种抗HIV-1的药物,包括药物活性组分和药物辅料;所述药物活性组分为权利要求1或2所述的含氮杂环氨基衍生物或权利要求3~9任意一项所述制备方法制备得到的含氮杂环氨基衍生物。
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