CN1132749A - 从芳基甘氨酸制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制造方法 - Google Patents

从芳基甘氨酸制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1132749A
CN1132749A CN95118104A CN95118104A CN1132749A CN 1132749 A CN1132749 A CN 1132749A CN 95118104 A CN95118104 A CN 95118104A CN 95118104 A CN95118104 A CN 95118104A CN 1132749 A CN1132749 A CN 1132749A
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保尔·威廉姆·耐普·Jr
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Abstract

本发明提供了在三卤化磷和溶剂存在下从芳基甘氨酸和全氟代酰化剂经单步骤工艺制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的方法。噁唑啉-5-酮是生产杀虫剂、杀螨剂和杀软体动物剂的芳基吡咯化合物中关键的中间产物。

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从芳基甘氨酸制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基 -3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制造方法
本发明涉及从芳基甘氨酸制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的方法。
芳基吡咯腈化合物及其衍生物是高效的杀昆虫、杀螨和杀软体动物剂。特别是业已发现的2-芳基-5-三氟甲基吡咯-3-腈化合物及其衍生物以极低用量施用时有广谱的活性,并对耐药性种类都有效,在工厂制造规模上制备所述吡咯化合物的方法包括使适当的3-噁唑啉-5-酮与2-氯代丙烯腈进行1,3-偶极环加成反应,这在美国专利5,030,735中述及。
现有技术中已知从甘氨酸起始物质制备3-噁唑啉-5-酮的方法需要2步合成,包括至少以1当量的碱用作形成酰胺的第一步和至少第二当量的碱和/或过量的诸如酐的脱水反应试剂用于第二步闭环,或者过量的酐即可作为酰化剂又可作为脱水剂在一步中得到闭环产物。这些都要求有至少1当量的酸俘获剂用于开始的酰胺形成中,进一步要求的过量反应试剂已知是腐蚀和有毒的。
本发明的一个目的是提供从芳基甘氨酸有效地经单一步骤制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的方法,这可避免应用更多的酸俘获剂(即,第二当量的碱),这样进一步避免了对潜在有毒和腐蚀的过量酰化剂的需求。
本发明的再一个目的是提供在制造芳基吡咯腈杀虫剂中关键的中间产物的一个有效和方便的来源。
本发明提供了制备下式(I)4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮化合物的方法
Figure A9511810400061
其中n是1,2,3,4,5,6,7或8的整数;A是
Figure A9511810400063
L是氢或卤素;M和Q各自是氢,卤素,CN,NO2,C1~C4烷基,C1~C4卤代烷基,C1~C4烷氧基,C1~C4卤代烷氧基,C1~C4烷基硫代,C1~C4烷基亚硫酰基,或者当M和Q在相邻位置上时,它们可与碳原子一起连接形成环,其中MQ代表结构:-OCH2O-,-OCF2O-或-CH=CH-CH=CH-;R、R1和R2各自是氢,卤素,NO2,CHO或者R1和R2与碳原子一起连接成环,其中R1R2结构表示;R3,R4,R5和R6各自是氢,卤素,CN或NO2;Z是O或S,该方法包括使下式(II)的芳基甘氨酸
Figure A9511810400071
其中A的定义同上,与至少1摩尔当量的式III化合物,CnF2n+1COX,其中n的定义同上,X是OH或Cl,在约0.4—1.1摩尔当量的三卤化磷和溶剂或溶剂混合物存在下于约25℃~100℃的温度下反应,当X是OH时,在至少1摩尔当量的三(C1~C4烷基)胺的存在下反应。
式I的噁唑啉-5-酮化合物是制造新的一类高效芳基吡咯腈杀昆虫、杀螨和杀软体动物中关键的中间体。
用作生产规模的工艺方法可较好地从简单易得的起始材料中以最少的反应步骤高得率(至定量得率)地产生关键的中间体,减少废物和再循环的要求。
业已发现,在0.4~1.1摩尔当量,较好地是O.4—0.6摩尔当量的三卤化磷,如三氯化磷或三溴化磷,和一种溶剂的存在下,式I的4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮在制造规模中可以以高得率(至定量得率地)直接从全氟代酰氯或全氟代羧酸及芳基甘氨酸中制得。令人惊奇的是,约0.4—1.1摩尔当量的三卤化磷的存在使反应单步进行,不需使用过量的酰化剂或另外当量的碱。有利的是,不形成不需要的Δ2异构体,而排它地得到所需的Δ3异构体产物。反应如流程I所示,其中三卤化磷是PCl3,A、n和X的定义同上。
                          流程I
式I的噁唑啉酮化合物是制备芳基吡咯-3-腈化合物杀虫剂的关键中间产物。Δ3异构体在所述的吡咯产物中给出了所需的区域化学。发明方法的使用如流程II所示。
                          流程II
Figure A9511810400091
式II的芳基甘氨酸如美国专利5,288,901所述,在制备芳基吡咯中所用的式I的噁唑啉酮化合物如美国专利5,030,735所述。
适用于本发明的方法中的溶剂可以是该技术领域中公知的惰性有机溶剂,诸如卤代苯、甲苯、二甲苯的芳烃;如乙腈的腈类;如二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮的羧酸酰胺;如二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、四氯化碳之类的卤代烃。这些溶剂可以单独或合并使用。较好的溶剂是单独的芳烃和腈,或是彼此的混合物和二甲基甲酰胺的混合物。
反应速率随着温度的增加而增加,但是过高的温度会引起分解并形成付产物,减少了产物的得率和纯度。适当的反应温度是约25—110℃,较好地是约40—65℃。本发明的优点在于诸如搅拌和热转换的加工参数得到大为改进。
当酰化剂是全氟代羧酸时,适当的有机胺碱可以是诸如三乙胺的三(C1-C4-烷基)胺。
根据本发明的方法,在适当溶剂或溶剂混合物中的式II芳基甘氨酸依次用约0.4—1.1摩尔当量,较好地用0.4—0.6摩尔当量的三卤化磷,较好的是三氯化磷以及全氟代酰化剂,较好的是全氟代乙酰氯,在约40—65℃的温度范围理处理。当反应完成后,用诸如萃取、过滤之类的常规过程分离出产物,或较好的是,反应产物溶液可用在上述流程II所示的生产芳基吡咯杀虫剂产品的下一步制备中。
较好的式II化合物是其中A是M和Q各自是氢、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4卤代烷氧基、C1-C4烷基硫代、C1-C4烷基亚硫酰基,尤为优选的是氢、卤素、C1-C4卤代烷基。
为了更清楚地理解本发明,列出下列实施例。这些实施例仅供说明而并非用来限制本发明的范围或实施原则。
术语HPLC指高效液相色谱。除非另作说明,所有的份数是指重量份数。实施例1〔4-(对-氯苯基)-2-三氟甲基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制备
Figure A9511810400111
顺序地用PCl3(21.3g,0.155摩尔)和三氟代乙酰氯(34.8克,0.26摩尔)处理对-氯苯基甘氨酸(46.9克0.25摩尔)在乙腈、二甲苯和二甲基甲酰胺的混合物(依次地为74.8重量/重量%,24.9重量/重量%及0.3重量/重量%)中的溶液,在40℃下保持0.5小时,在60~65℃下加热8小时,冷至室温。得到的经HPLC分析为定量得率的标题产物。实施例24-芳基-2全氟代烷基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制备
Figure A9511810400112
用实施例1所述的基本相同的方法过程,并以相应的苯基甘氨酸和全氟代乙酰氯替代,得到下表1列出的噁唑啉酮。表I
Figure A9511810400121
熔点L     M          Q     n    ℃H     H          H     1    -H     4-Br       H     l    48-513-Cl  H          5-Cl  1    -H     4-Cl       H     2    39-42H     3-Cl       4-Cl  1    yellow oilH     4-CF3     H     1    39.0-40.5H     3-Cl       5-Cl  2    -H     4-Cl       H     3    37.0-39.03-F   H          5-F   1    -H     3-Cl       H     1    63-65
                        实施例3〔4-(对-氯苯基)-2-三氟甲基-3-噁唑啉-5-酮的制备
Figure A9511810400122
用三氟乙酸(42.79,0.375摩尔)处理对-氯苯基甘氨酸(49.9g,0.25摩尔)在乙腈中的混合物。该反应混合物依次用三乙胺(25.3g,0.25摩尔)滴加处理0.25小时,并用PCl3(37.3g,0.275摩尔)滴加处理0.25小时,在65℃下加热4小时,冷至室温。得到经HPLC分析产率为97.4%的产物。

Claims (10)

1.一种制备式I化合物的方法
Figure A9511810400021
其中n是1,2,3,4,5,6,7或8的整数;A是
Figure A9511810400023
L是氢或卤素;M和Q各自是氢,卤素,CN,NO2,C1~C4烷基,C1~C4卤代烷基,C1~C4烷氧基,C1~C4卤代烷氧基,C1~C4烷基硫代,C1~C4烷基亚硫酰基,或者当M和Q在相邻位置上时,它们可与碳原子一起连接形成环,其中MQ代表结构:-OCH2O-,-OCF2O-或-CH=CH-CH=CH-;R,R1和R2各自是氢,卤素,NO2,CHO或者R1和R2与碳原子一起连接成环,其中R1R2
Figure A9511810400024
结构表示;R3,R4,R5和R6各自是氢,卤素,CN或NO2;Z是O或S,该方法包括使下式II的芳基甘氨酸
Figure A9511810400031
其中A的定义同上,与至少1摩尔当量的式III化合物,CnF2n+1COX,其中n的定义同上,X是OH或Cl,在约0.4—1.1摩尔当量的三卤化磷和溶剂或溶剂混合物的存在下于约25℃~110℃的温度下反应,当X是OH时,在至少1摩尔当量的三(C1~C4烷基)胺的存在下反应。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中三卤化磷是三氯化磷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中三(C1~C4烷基)胺是三乙胺,X是Cl,n是整数1或2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中溶剂或溶剂混合物是乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、二甲苯或它们的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中A是
Figure A9511810400032
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中M和Q各自是氢,卤素,CN,NO2,C1~C4烷基,C1~C4卤代烷基,C1~C4烷氧基,C1~C4卤代烷氧基,C1~C4烷基硫代,C1~C4烷基亚硫酰基。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中L是氢,M和Q各自是氢,卤素或C1~C4卤代烷基。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中式III化合物是三氟乙酰氯,反应温度是40℃-65℃。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中三卤化磷是三氯化磷,其存在量为0.4—0.6摩尔当量,溶剂或溶剂混合物是乙腈、二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、二甲苯或它们的混合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中式II化合物是卤代苯基甘氨酸。
CN95118104A 1994-10-11 1995-10-11 从芳基甘氨酸制备4-芳基-2-全氟代烷基-3-唑啉-5-酮的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1066442C (zh)

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US5659046A (en) * 1993-12-30 1997-08-19 American Cyanamid Company Method for the preparation of 2-perfluoroalkyl-3-oxazolin-5-one

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