CN113264759A - 一种低损耗高频磁介材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种低损耗高频磁介材料,属于电子材料领域。所述磁介材料为Ba3Co2Fe24‑x‑yPrxSmyO41六角晶型铁氧体;x=0.05~0.30,y=0.01~0.10。本发明低损耗高频磁介材料采用溶胶凝胶法制备,实现了低损耗和高频磁介特性,在1MHz~1.8GHz的频率范围内具有低损耗和近等磁介特性(其磁导率和介电常数均在5~15左右,且频段内磁损耗系数和介电损耗系数都低于0.005);该低损耗高频磁介材料作为天线基板时,可以很好地实现天线的小型化和高频化,且有利于提高微带天线的传输效率,降低天线的传输损耗,为高频和集成化的小尺寸无线通信设备的设计提供了新的材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电子材料领域,具体涉及一种低损耗高频磁介材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在电子通讯和空间传输过程中,天线是必不可少的一个部件。传统的天线为了提升传输特性,尺寸一般较大,不利于现在集成化和小型化的需求和发展方向。因此,在天线的研究中,一方面从电路设计上提高天线传输特性,一方面从天线基板材料上改进天线尺寸和性能。其中,电路设计可以提升信息传输量,天线基板可以改进天线的电路设计结构以及天线的尺寸。根据天线结构尺寸的计算公式,天线的结构尺寸正比于波在介质中的波长,为了减小较低频段微带天线的尺寸、质量和体积,根据天线的谐振频率可知,提高天线介质基板的有效磁导率μeff可有效降低天线基板的尺寸;同时,天线介质基板的特性阻抗即与真空的特性阻抗相等,因此,采用接近于等磁介材料制备天线基板,可以有效减小天线辐射的能量反射,提高天线的辐射效率。因此,研究新型天线基板,尤其是低损耗、高频的天线基板,满足磁导率和介电常数接近相等的材料,是制备小型化、高性能的天线的重要途径之一。
在天线基板材料中,最常用的是低损耗的介电陶瓷材料,低损耗高频磁介材料的研究较少。李强等2017年申请的中国发明专利《一种镁铁氧体基磁介材料及其制备方法》(授权公布号:CN106587976B),采用传统的固相烧结法制备了Cd掺杂的Mg铁氧体材料,实现了等磁介特性,但是磁损耗较大。郭莉等2019年申请的中国发明专利《一种镁铁氧体基低损耗磁介材料及其制备方法》(申请号:CN201910362184.9)中,采用Pr掺杂的Mg铁氧体材料,虽然实现了低损耗的特性,但是应用频率较低,仅在几百MHz的应用频段。荆玉兰等2013年申请的中国发明专利《一种铁氧体基复合磁介天线基板材料及其制备方法》(申请号:CN201310275973.1),在Ba-Sr的Co2Z铁氧体的基础上,采用了缺铁配方,仅仅调整了磁介特性,未能实现很好的低损耗的天线基板性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,针对背景技术存在的缺陷,提出了一种低损耗高频磁介材料及其制备方法。本发明低损耗高频磁介材料为Pr-Sm离子改性的Ba3Co2Fe24-xPrxO41六角晶型铁氧体材料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备,实现了低损耗和高频磁介特性,在1MHz~1.8GHz的频率范围内具有低损耗和近等磁介特性(其磁导率和介电常数均在5~15左右,且频段内磁损耗系数和介电损耗系数都低于0.005);该低损耗高频磁介材料作为天线基板时,可以很好地实现天线的小型化和高频化,且有利于提高微带天线的传输效率,降低天线的传输损耗,为高频和集成化的小尺寸无线通信设备的设计提供了新的材料。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种低损耗高频磁介材料,由Pr-Sm元素掺杂的Co2Z材料(Ba3Co2Fe24O41)组成,其特征在于,所述磁介材料为Ba3Co2Fe24-x-yPrxSmyO41六角晶型铁氧体;其中,x的取值范围为0.05~0.30,y的取值范围为0.01~0.10。
进一步地,所述磁介材料是采用溶胶凝胶法制备得到的,具体过程为:首先,称量分析纯原料,溶解、调节pH值,烘干至湿凝胶、干凝胶;然后,研磨,自蔓延燃烧,形成预烧粉;最后,球磨,烘干,造粒,压制成型后,在1200~1300℃下烧结1~6h,随炉冷却至室温,即得到所述高频磁介材料。
一种低损耗高频磁介材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、以硝酸钡(Ba(NO3)2)、硝酸钴(Co(NO3)2)、硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3)、硝酸镨(Pr(NO3)3)和硝酸钐(Sm(NO3)3)为原料,按照分子式Ba3Co2Fe24-x-yPrxSmyO41(x=0.05~0.30,y=0.01~0.10)中的金属元素的比例折算出Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3原料的质量,称料;
步骤2、将步骤1称取的Ba(NO3)2溶解于去离子水中,搅拌至完全溶解后,再加入Co(NO3)3、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3,在磁力恒温搅拌器中搅拌溶解,温度为60~80℃,时间为1~2h;
步骤3、在步骤2处理后得到的混合液A中加入柠檬酸,调节pH至4~6,然后,60~80℃恒温下磁力搅拌1~4h;
步骤4、在步骤3得到的混合液B中加入氨水,调节pH至8~9,搅拌3~5h后,转移至鼓风干燥箱中,在80~100℃烘干至湿凝胶,然后在90~120℃下烘干至干凝胶;
步骤5、将步骤4得到的干凝胶,在研钵中进行研磨,然后加入酒精,点燃,自蔓延燃烧,形成预烧粉;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的预烧粉在行星式球磨机中进行球磨,磨介为去离子水,球磨时间为8~16h,转速为200~260转/分钟,球磨完成后,采用去离子水出料,鼓风干燥箱中烘干;加入PVA粘合剂,造粒、压制成型后,在1200~1300℃下烧结1~6h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述低损耗高频磁介材料。
本发明还提供了上述低损耗高频磁介材料作为小型化天线基板的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
1、本发明提供的一种低损耗高频磁介材料,采用Pr-Sm元素掺杂Co2Z六角铁氧体(Ba3Co2Fe24-x-yPrxSmyO41)材料,通过调整Pr、Sm离子的添加量,制备得到了尺寸小、均匀性好、性能优良的纳米晶粒铁氧体材料,Pr、Sm离子一方面通过离子占位调控磁介性能、降低磁介损耗,另一方面,与Fe3+离子形成具有一定介电特性的介电相,使得到的材料具有较好的等磁介特性,可用作微带天线的基板材料。
2、本发明磁介材料实现了低温烧结和磁介近似相等,在1MHz~1.8GHz的频率范围内具有等磁介性和低损耗性(其磁导率和介电常数均在5~15左右,且频段内比磁损耗系数和比介电损耗系数都低于0.005)。
3、本发明磁介材料作为天线基板材料时,可以很好地实现天线的小型化,且有利于提高微带天线的辐射效率和带宽,为小尺寸无线通信设备的设计提供了新的方案。
附图说明
图1为本发明低损耗高频磁介材料的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,详述本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
一种低损耗高频磁介材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、以硝酸钡(Ba(NO3)2)、硝酸钴(Co(NO3)2)、硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3)、硝酸镨(Pr(NO3)3)和硝酸钐(Sm(NO3)3)为原料,按照分子式Ba3Co2Fe23.83Pr0.15Sm0.02O41中的金属元素的比例折算出Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3原料的质量,称料7.84g的Ba(NO3)2、5.82g的Co(NO3)2、57.88g的Fe(NO3)3、0.49g的Pr(NO3)3和0.07g的Sm(NO3)3原料;
步骤2、将步骤1称取的Ba(NO3)2溶解于300mL的去离子水中,搅拌至完全溶解后,再加入Co(NO3)3、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3,在磁力恒温搅拌器中搅拌溶解,温度为80℃,时间为1h;
步骤3、在步骤2处理后得到的混合液A中加入14.9g的柠檬酸,调节pH至4,然后,在80℃恒温下磁力搅拌2h;
步骤4、在步骤3得到的混合液B中加入60mL的氨水,调节pH至8,搅拌3h后,转移至鼓风干燥箱中,在80℃烘干10h,得到湿凝胶,然后在120℃下烘干6h,得到干凝胶;
步骤5、将步骤4得到的干凝胶,在研钵中进行研磨,然后加入100mL酒精,点燃,自蔓延燃烧,形成预烧粉;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的预烧粉在行星式球磨机中进行球磨,磨介为去离子水,球磨时间为16h,转速为260转/分钟,球磨完成后,采用去离子水出料,鼓风干燥箱中烘干;加入PVA粘合剂,造粒、压制成型后,在1300℃下烧结6h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述低损耗高频磁介材料。
实施例1得到的磁介材料的磁导率和介电常数如下:
频率 | 1MHz | 100MHz | 200MHz | 500MHz | 800MHz | 1.5GHz | 1.8GHz |
磁导率/μ | 12.45 | 12.45 | 12.46 | 12.57 | 12.62 | 1166 | 10.34 |
磁损耗/tanδ | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.040 | 0.041 | 0.052 |
介电常数/ε | 12.99 | 12.65 | 12.61 | 12.63 | 12.64 | 12.63 | 12.66 |
介电损耗/tanδ | 0.028 | 0.026 | 0.026 | 0.027 | 0.029 | 0.031 | 0.033 |
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1相比,区别在于:步骤1的过程为:以硝酸钡(Ba(NO3)2)、硝酸钴(Co(NO3)2)、硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3)、硝酸镨(Pr(NO3)3)和硝酸钐(Sm(NO3)3)为原料,按照分子式Ba3Co2Fe23.79Pr0.15Sm0.06O41中的金属元素的比例折算出Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3原料的质量,称料7.84g的Ba(NO3)2、5.82g的Co(NO3)2、57.78g的Fe(NO3)3、0.49g的Pr(NO3)3和0.20g的Sm(NO3)3原料;
实施例2得到的磁介材料的磁导率和介电常数如下:
频率 | 1MHz | 100MHz | 200MHz | 500MHz | 800MHz | 1.5GHz | 1.8GHz |
磁导率/μ | 12.54 | 12.55 | 12.56 | 12.56 | 12.59 | 12.61 | 12.60 |
磁损耗/tanδ | 0.039 | 0.039 | 0.038 | 0.041 | 0.042 | 0.041 | 0.059 |
介电常数/ε | 12.11 | 12.10 | 12.13 | 12.15 | 12.15 | 12.19 | 12.16 |
介电损耗/tanδ | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.036 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 0.052 | 0.051 |
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1相比,区别在于:步骤1的过程为:以硝酸钡(Ba(NO3)2)、硝酸钴(Co(NO3)2)、硝酸铁(Fe(NO3)3)、硝酸镨(Pr(NO3)3)和硝酸钐(Sm(NO3)3)为原料,按照分子式Ba3Co2Fe23.75Pr0.15Sm0.10O41中的金属元素的比例折算出Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3原料的质量,称料7.84g的Ba(NO3)2、5.82g的Co(NO3)2、57.68g的Fe(NO3)3、0.49g的Pr(NO3)3和0.33g的Sm(NO3)3原料;
实施例3得到的磁介材料的磁导率和介电常数如下:
频率 | 1MHz | 100MHz | 200MHz | 500MHz | 800MHz | 1.5GHz | 1.8GHz |
磁导率/μ | 11.03 | 11.03 | 11.03 | 11.06 | 11.13 | 11.09 | 11.09 |
磁损耗/tanδ | 0.040 | 0.040 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 0.050 | 0.053 |
介电常数/ε | 12.30 | 12.96 | 12.96 | 13.03 | 13.03 | 13.04 | 13.10 |
介电损耗/tanδ | 0.037 | 0.034 | 0.039 | 0.038 | 0.038 | 0.041 | 0.041 |
Claims (5)
1.一种低损耗高频磁介材料,其特征在于,所述磁介材料为Ba3Co2Fe24-x-yPrxSmyO41六角晶型铁氧体;其中,x=0.05~0.30,y=0.01~0.10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低损耗高频磁介材料,其特征在于,所述磁介材料是采用溶胶凝胶法制备得到的,具体过程为:首先,称量原料,溶解、调节pH值,烘干至湿凝胶、干凝胶;然后,研磨,自蔓延燃烧,形成预烧粉;最后,球磨,烘干,造粒,压制成型后,在1200~1300℃下烧结1~6h,随炉冷却至室温,即得到所述高频磁介材料。
3.一种低损耗高频磁介材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、以Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3为原料,按照分子式Ba3Co2Fe24-x-yPrxSmyO41,x=0.05~0.30,y=0.01~0.10中的金属元素的比例折算出Ba(NO3)2、Co(NO3)2、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3原料的质量,称料;
步骤2、将步骤1称取的Ba(NO3)2溶解于去离子水中,搅拌至完全溶解后,再加入Co(NO3)3、Fe(NO3)3、Pr(NO3)3和Sm(NO3)3,在磁力恒温搅拌器中搅拌溶解,温度为60~80℃,时间为1~2h;
步骤3、在步骤2处理后得到的混合液A中加入柠檬酸,调节pH至4~6,然后,60~80℃下磁力搅拌1~4h;
步骤4、在步骤3得到的混合液B中加入氨水,调节pH至8~9,搅拌3~5h后,在80~100℃烘干至湿凝胶,然后在90~120℃下烘干至干凝胶;
步骤5、将步骤4得到的干凝胶研磨,然后加入酒精,点燃,自蔓延燃烧,形成预烧粉;
步骤6、将步骤5得到的预烧粉进行球磨,球磨时间为8~16h,转速为200~260转/分钟;球磨完成后,造粒、压制成型,在1200~1300℃下烧结1~6h,烧结完成后,随炉自然冷却至室温,得到所述低损耗高频磁介材料。
4.权利要求1至2任一项所述低损耗高频磁介材料作为小型化天线基板的应用。
5.权利要求3所述方法得到的低损耗高频磁介材料作为小型化天线基板的应用。
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