CN113264633A - Ecological restoration method for black and odorous river channel - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for black and odorous river channel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ecological restoration method for a black and odorous river channel, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The method carries out ecological restoration on the black and odorous river channel from five aspects of source control and sewage interception, bottom mud treatment, water body purification, ecological restoration and maintenance and management, and has strong operability, thorough treatment and high treatment efficiency; through the reconstruction to the river channel ecosystem, the self-purification ability of the water body is gradually recovered, the peculiar smell and the chromaticity of the black and odorous water body are gradually eliminated, the ecological balance of the water body is finally realized, the water quality is improved, the water body ecosystem can be developed healthily and stably for a long time, and the ecological water purifying system has good environmental protection and ecological functions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration method for a black and odorous river channel.
Background
Along with the continuous development of industrialization, the discharge of industrial waste water and domestic water makes the river course suffer organic pollution, becomes eutrophic water, and the microorganism breeds in a large number in the water for oxygen in the water is consumed totally, causes the water anoxia, and in the oxygen deficiency water, organic pollutant is decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms and forms a large amount of amines, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia etc. for the water blackens and smells. The physical and chemical environment of the ecological floating bed is expressed as strong reducing property, the organic and inorganic pollution is extremely serious, the water body has odor, the aquatic organisms are not suitable for survival, the aquatic plants are degenerated and even killed, and only a small amount of phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthonic animals exist. Food chain breakage, food net support breakage, serious unbalance of an ecological system structure and serious degradation and even loss of functions.
The black and odorous water body is an extreme expression of organic pollution of the water body, the mechanism of most of the water body forming black and odorous water bodies is basically the same, and the black and odorous water bodies are caused by oxygen deficiency and organic matter putrefaction. From the aspect of water quality analysis, the black odor is generated due to COD, BOD and NH in the water body3The content of-N and the like is too high, so that the water body is seriously anoxic. Blackening is mainly suspended particles which adsorb black metal sulfides such as FeS, MnS and the like; the odor is generated because anaerobic microorganisms generate a large amount of gaseous pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, ammonia, amine and the like in the process of converting organic pollutants in the water body.
The mechanism of blackening is mainly as follows: an insoluble substance existing in a water body in a solid state or in a form adsorbed on suspended particles; ② colored organic compounds (mainly humus organic matters) dissolved in water. Under the participation of different anaerobic microorganisms, FeS and other black sediments can be generated by reaction, and the black sediments are adsorbed by micro suspended substances in water, and part of the sediments deposited at the bottom of the water can be re-introduced into the water body under the supporting and floating action of bubbles generated by the anaerobic reaction at the bottom of the water.
The mechanism of odor is mainly: firstly, a large amount of organic matters are decomposed under the action of anaerobic bacteria, and a series of odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, mercaptan and the like are generated in intermediate products and final products of the organic matters to cause the odor of a water body; secondly, analyzing humic substances, obtaining nearly 20 amino acids and a large amount of free ammonia from acid hydrolysis products of humic acid and fulvic acid, wherein the amino acids generate a large amount of free ammonia odor, amines with considerable odor, hydrogen sulfide and thiol substances with special odor in 3 decomposition modes of deamination, decarboxylation and decomposition of sulfur-containing amino acids by certain bacteria such as proteus; ③ the geosmin and the isotereinol secreted by anaerobic actinomycetes under anaerobic conditions, and the odor generating substances can cause strong odor effect at extremely low concentration.
At present, most urban rivers in China are developed into black and odorous rivers, organic pollution of the rivers is ubiquitous and increasingly prominent, urban sewage is directly discharged into the rivers, and seasonal or perennial black and odorous water bodies are water environment problems which need to be solved urgently in the current urban river pollution problem in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method, which carries out ecological restoration on a black and odorous river channel from five aspects of source control and sewage interception, bottom mud treatment, water body purification, ecological restoration and maintenance management.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of the river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river water body of the river channel of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, putting a flocculating agent into the water body after the biological decomposition is carried out for 12 to 15 days, and dredging the river channel after standing for 20 to 30 days;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, and simultaneously adding a graphene photocatalytic net on the surface of the center of the water body to perform black and odor removal treatment on the water body; adding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the water body 12-20 days after the deodorant is added to degrade organic matters in the water body, and adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after 8-15 days;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large number of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water, planting submerged plants in the water, and putting omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water; 10-20 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed along the riverway, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 25-30%; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment in a land area from the position above a normal water line of a river channel to the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation;
(5) maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
Preferably, in the step (3), the deodorant is prepared by mixing green tea extract, licorice extract, perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5-0.8:2-3:0.5-1:0.3-0.8, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 3-5g/m2。
Preferably, in step (3), the microbial wastewater treatment agent is prepared as follows: taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:6-8:3-5, uniformly mixing the composite bacterial liquid and the microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 24-26 ℃, adding the biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the adding amount of the microbial sewage treatment agent is 8-15g/m2。
Preferably, the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:1: 1-2.
Preferably, the microbial nitrogen source is formed by mixing mushroom stick waste residue powder, glucose, peptone and water according to the mass ratio of 3-5:2-3:1: 10-15.
Preferably, the biological carrier is prepared by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 2-3:4-6: 1.
Preferably, in the step (2), the biological enzyme preparation particles are prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to the mass ratio of 2-3:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 1-3g/m2。
Preferably, in the step (2), the flocculating agent is prepared by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to the mass ratio of 3-5:1-3:1:4-6, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 15-20g/m2。
Preferably, in the step (4), the submerged plant is a combination of any three of hydrilla verticillata, watermifoil, curly pondweed, bitter herbs and caraway, and the planting density is 35-50 plants/m2。
Preferably, in the step (4), the emergent aquatic plants are any combination of more than two of reed, cattail and allium mongolicum, and the planting density is 20-30 plants/m2。
In the invention, the arbor and shrub vegetation is the combination of any two or more than two of poplar, willow, common bombax and oleander, and the planting density is 5-10 plants/100 m2。
In the invention, the material of the ecological floating bed is high-density polyethylene material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the method carries out ecological restoration on the black and odorous river channel from five aspects of source control and sewage interception, bottom mud treatment, water body purification, ecological restoration and maintenance and management, and has strong operability, thorough treatment and high treatment efficiency; through the reconstruction of the river channel ecosystem, the self-purification capacity of the water body is gradually recovered, the peculiar smell and the chromaticity of the black and odorous water body are gradually eliminated, and finally the ecological balance of the water body is realized, so that the water body ecology can be developed healthily and stably for a long time, and the ecological water body ecological system has good environmental protection and ecological functions.
2. The deodorant used by the invention contains green tea, liquorice and perilla extract components, and the plant extracts contain a plurality of active components, including terpenes, alcohols, ketones, lipids, aldehydes, polyphenols, organic acids, amino acids, alkaloids and the like, wherein active groups of the organic acids such as citric acid, tartaric acid and the like can be subjected to acid-base neutralization with odor molecules such as ammonia and organic amine and the like to eliminate odor; the alkaloid can react with acidic odor molecules such as hydrogen sulfide to deodorize; catechin (polyphenol substance) can perform esterification and ester exchange reaction with odor molecules, or form hydrogen bond with odor substances, and can adsorb, absorb and dissolve odor substances to restrain odor molecules for deodorization; the polysaccharide substance can form inclusion and adsorption on odor molecules and can also achieve better deodorization effect; the polyvinylpyrrolidone and the polyethylene glycol contained in the deodorant have good functions of film formation, adhesion, condensation and the like, a layer of film is quickly formed on the surface of part of organic matters, the layer of film has good strength and ductility, is insoluble in water after film formation, and completely covers part of the organic matters in a water body in a microscopic aspect, so that the release of malodorous substances is inhibited.
3. The microbial sewage treatment agent disclosed by the invention consists of a composite bacterial liquid, a microbial nitrogen source and a biological carrier, wherein micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria in the composite bacterial liquid are symbiotically coordinated, the activity is high, the propagation speed is high, pollutants such as heavy metal, nitrogen, phosphorus, COD (chemical oxygen demand) and the like in black and odorous water can be degraded, the black and deodorization can be quickly carried out, the ecological balance and the self-cleaning function of the water are restored, conditions are created for the growth of indigenous microbial strains, an advantageous flora is finally formed, the self-cleaning capacity of the water is gradually restored, and the water quality is improved; the waste residue powder of the fungus sticks, the glucose and the peptone are used as a microorganism nitrogen source, so that not only can nutrient substances necessary for growth and reproduction be provided for microorganisms, but also the problem that the microorganisms in the black and odorous water body are not suitable for growth can be solved; the biological carrier consisting of cellulose, starch and diatomite can well fix the microbial agent, so that nutrient substances can be more easily absorbed by thalli, and the water body purification effect is greatly improved.
4. According to the invention, submerged plants are planted in a water body and emergent aquatic plant belts are constructed on two sides of a river channel, wherein the submerged plants can play roles in purifying water quality, inhibiting algae growth, precipitating suspended substances and fixing bottom substances, providing food and space for aquatic animals and increasing the diversity and stability of aquatic organisms; an emergent aquatic plant zone is constructed along the shore, and the effects of absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus nutritive salt, filtering sewage, fixing slope and shading light can be achieved; the ecological slope protection has the functions of preventing and draining flood and stabilizing river banks, can also slow down the erosion of river water and surface runoff on the bank protection, and arbor and shrub vegetation can intercept and degrade a large amount of pollutants carried in the surface runoff and provide habitation and multiplication places for some animals and microorganisms; the ecological restoration system has reasonable construction space configuration, can effectively improve biological diversity, and has irreplaceable important effects on improving the metabolism of a riverway ecological system, restoring aquatic ecology and enhancing the life health of a riverway.
5. The biological enzyme preparation granule of the invention consists of cellulase, xylanase and catalase, can provide extracellular enzyme for aerobic bacteria, quickly recover the activity of the bacteria, improve the degradation capability of the bacteria on surrounding organic matters, and convert macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters, thereby being beneficial to the degradation of the organic matters by the bacteria in water.
6. According to the invention, the graphene photocatalytic net is additionally arranged on the surface of the center of the water body, and can degrade pollutants in the water body, increase the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body and improve the water quality.
7. The flocculant of the invention consists of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon, and the substances are used for effectively removing pollutants such as dissolved organic matters, suspended sludge, colloid, heavy metal ions, phosphorus, nitrogen and the like in black and odorous water body through the combined action of adsorption, flocculation, precipitation and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the water body.
8. According to the invention, the ecological floating bed is arranged on the river channel to plant emergent aquatic plants, so that the emergent aquatic plants can grow and reproduce, a better environment is provided for microbial bacteria, and the self-purification capacity of the river channel is improved; the material of ecological bed that floats uses the polyethylene of high density, and the density of polyethylene is less than the density of river, can float on the surface of water, resumes after limpid as the river course water, and ecological bed that floats that can very easy recovery, utilization once more, and can not cause secondary pollution to the river course.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of a river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river channel water bodies of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, wherein the biological enzyme preparation particles are particles prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 3g/m2After biological decomposition is carried out for 15 days, adding a flocculating agent into the water body, wherein the flocculating agent is formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to the mass ratio of 4:2:1:5, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 20g/m2Standing for 25 days, and dredging the river channel;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, wherein the deodorant is prepared by mixing green tea extract, liquorice extract, perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.6:2:0.8:0.5, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 5g/m2Meanwhile, a graphene photocatalysis net is additionally arranged on the surface of the center of the water body, and black and odor removal treatment is carried out on the water body; 15 days after the deodorant is added, adding the deodorant into waterAdding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the body to degrade organic matters in the water body, wherein the adding amount is 12g/m2And adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after every 10 days; the microbial sewage treatment agent is prepared as follows: taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:6:5, uniformly mixing the composite bacterial liquid and the microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 26 ℃, adding the biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 5:3:1: 1; the microbial nitrogen source is formed by mixing bacteria stick waste residue powder, glucose, peptone and water according to the mass ratio of 5:2:1: 12; the biological carrier is formed by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 3:4: 1;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water body are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large number of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water body, submerged plants are planted in the water body, the submerged plants are the combination of hydrilla verticillata, watermifoil and eel grass, and the planting density is 40 strains/m2And feeding omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water body; 20 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed on the riverway coasts, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the emergent aquatic plants are reed and cattail, and the planting density is 25 plants/m2The water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 28 percent, and the material of the ecological floating bed is high-density polyethylene material; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment from a region above a normal water line of a river channel to the terrestrial direction of the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation, wherein the arbor and shrub vegetation is a combination of poplar, willow and silk cotton, and the planting density is 8 plants/100 m2；
(5) Maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
The method of this example is used to treat a black and odorous river in Guangxi province, and the results of the measurements of the water quality index before treatment, the water quality index after 2 months of treatment, the water quality index after 4 months of treatment, and the water quality index after 6 months of treatment of the black and odorous river are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 river Water quality index
Example 2
A black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of a river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river channel water bodies of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, wherein the biological enzyme preparation particles are particles prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to the mass ratio of 3:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 1g/m2After biological decomposition is carried out for 12 days, adding a flocculating agent into the water body, wherein the flocculating agent is formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to the mass ratio of 3:3:1:4, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 15g/m2Standing for 20 days, and dredging the river channel;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, wherein the deodorant is formed by mixing a green tea extract, a licorice extract, a perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5:3:0.5:0.8, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 3g/m2Meanwhile, a graphene photocatalysis net is additionally arranged on the surface of the center of the water body, and black and odor removal treatment is carried out on the water body; adding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the water body for degrading organic matters in the water body 12 days after the deodorant is added, wherein the adding amount is 8g/m2And adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after 15 days; the microbial sewage treatment agent is prepared as follows:taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:8:3, uniformly mixing the composite bacterial liquid and the microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 24 ℃, adding the biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1: 2; the microbial nitrogen source is formed by mixing bacteria stick waste residue powder, glucose, peptone and water according to the mass ratio of 3:3:1: 10; the biological carrier is formed by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 2:4: 1;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large number of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water, submerged plants are planted in the water, the submerged plants are the combination of watermifoil, potamogeton crispus and potamogeton crispus, and the planting density is 35 plants/m2And feeding omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water body; 10 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed on the riverway coasts, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the emergent aquatic plants are cattail and allium mongolicum, and the planting density is 20 plants/m2The water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 25 percent, and the ecological floating bed is made of a high-density polyethylene material; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment from the part above the normal water line of a river channel to the land-oriented area at the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation, wherein the arbor and shrub vegetation is silk cotton trees and oleander, and the planting density is 5 plants/100 m2；
(5) Maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
The method of this example is used to treat a black and odorous river in Guangxi province, and the results of the measurements of the water quality index before treatment, the water quality index after 2 months of treatment, the water quality index after 4 months of treatment, and the water quality index after 6 months of treatment of the black and odorous river are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 river water quality index
Example 3
A black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of a river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river channel water bodies of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, wherein the biological enzyme preparation particles are particles prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 2g/m2After biological decomposition is carried out for 14 days, adding a flocculating agent into the water body, wherein the flocculating agent is formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to the mass ratio of 5:1:1:6, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 18g/m2Standing for 30 days, and then dredging the river channel;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, wherein the deodorant is formed by mixing green tea extract, liquorice extract, perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.8:3:1:0.3, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 5g/m2Meanwhile, a graphene photocatalysis net is additionally arranged on the surface of the center of the water body, and black and odor removal treatment is carried out on the water body; 20 days after the deodorant is added, adding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the water body to degrade organic matters in the water body, wherein the adding amount is 15g/m2And adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after 15 days; the microbial sewage treatment agent is prepared as follows: taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:6:3, uniformly mixing the composite bacterial liquid and the microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 24 ℃, adding the biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 3:4:1: 2; the microorganism nitrogen source is prepared from mushroom stick waste residue powder and grapeGlucose, peptone and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:2:1: 15; the biological carrier is formed by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 3:6: 1;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water body are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large number of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water body, submerged plants are planted in the water body, the submerged plants are the combination of three of hydrilla verticillata, sowthistle and potamogeton indicum, and the planting density is 50 plants/m2And feeding omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water body; 10-20 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed on the riverway coasts, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the emergent aquatic plants are the combination of reed, cattail and allium mongolicum, and the planting density is 30 plants/m2The water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 30 percent, and the material of the ecological floating bed is high-density polyethylene material; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment from a region above a normal water line of a river channel to the terrestrial direction of the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation, wherein the arbor and shrub vegetation is a combination of three types of willows, silk cottons and oleander, and the planting density is 10 plants/100 m2；
(5) Maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
The results of measuring the water quality index before treatment, the water quality index after 2 months of treatment, the water quality index after 4 months of treatment and the water quality index after 6 months of treatment in a certain black and odorous river in Guangxi region were shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 river water quality index
Example 4
A black and odorous river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of a river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river channel water bodies of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, wherein the biological enzyme preparation particles are particles prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to the mass ratio of 2.5:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 3g/m2After biological decomposition is carried out for 15 days, adding a flocculating agent into the water body, wherein the flocculating agent is formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to the mass ratio of 4:3:1:4, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 20g/m2Standing for 26 days, and then dredging the river channel;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, wherein the deodorant is prepared by mixing green tea extract, liquorice extract, perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.8:2.5:1:0.3, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 5g/m2Meanwhile, a graphene photocatalysis net is additionally arranged on the surface of the center of the water body, and black and odor removal treatment is carried out on the water body; 20 days after the deodorant is added, adding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the water body to degrade organic matters in the water body, wherein the adding amount is 15g/m2And adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after 15 days; the microbial sewage treatment agent is prepared as follows: taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:8:3, uniformly mixing the composite bacterial liquid and the microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 25 ℃, adding the biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the composite bacterial liquid is prepared by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 3:3:1: 2; the microbial nitrogen source is formed by mixing bacteria stick waste residue powder, glucose, peptone and water according to the mass ratio of 4:3:1: 15; the biological carrier is formed by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 2:5: 1;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large amount of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water, planting the benthos and the plankton in the waterSubmerged plant, the said submerged plant is the combination of three kinds of foxtail algae, potamogeton crispus and potamogeton crispus, the planting density is 45 plants/m2And feeding omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water body; 10 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed on the riverway coasts, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the emergent aquatic plants are cattail and allium mongolicum, and the planting density is 25 plants/m2The water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 25 percent, and the ecological floating bed is made of a high-density polyethylene material; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment from a region above a normal water line of a river channel to the terrestrial direction of the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation, wherein the arbor and shrub vegetation is a combination of three types of poplar, willow and silk cotton, and the planting density is 8 plants/100 m2；
(5) Maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
The results of measuring the water quality index before treatment, the water quality index after 2 months of treatment, the water quality index after 4 months of treatment and the water quality index after 6 months of treatment in a certain black and odorous river in Guangxi region were shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 river Water quality index
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous riverway is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) controlling a source and intercepting sewage: the sewage outlets on two banks of the river channel are checked, and the sewage flowing into the river channel is intercepted;
(2) bottom sludge treatment: arranging a plurality of dams along the water flow direction of the river channel for partitioning, putting biological enzyme preparation particles into the river water body of the river channel of the plurality of partitions for biological decomposition, putting a flocculating agent into the water body after the biological decomposition is carried out for 12 to 15 days, and dredging the river channel after standing for 20 to 30 days;
(3) water body purification: after dredging is finished, adding a deodorant into the river water body, and simultaneously adding a graphene photocatalytic net on the surface of the center of the water body to perform black and odor removal treatment on the water body; adding a microbial sewage treatment agent into the water body 12-20 days after the deodorant is added to degrade organic matters in the water body, and adding the microbial sewage treatment agent again after 8-15 days;
(4) ecological restoration: when organic matters in the river water are degraded to a certain degree, namely a large number of protozoa, benthos and plankton appear in the water, planting submerged plants in the water, and putting omnivorous fishes, shellfishes and shrimps into the water; 10-20 days after the submerged plants are planted, arranging an ecological floating bed along the riverway, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the ecological floating bed, wherein the water surface coverage rate of the ecological floating bed is 25-30%; constructing a natural gentle slope type revetment in a land area from the position above a normal water line of a river channel to the top of the revetment, and planting arbor and shrub vegetation;
(5) maintenance and management: and (3) regular manual inspection, which comprises the management of the riverway water surface, aquatic animals, submerged plants, emergent aquatic plants and arbor and shrub vegetation, the scheduling of water resources and the monitoring of water quality.
2. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein the deodorant in the step (3) is formed by mixing green tea extract, licorice extract, perilla extract, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethylene glycol according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5-0.8:2-3:0.5-1:0.3-0.8, and the adding amount of the deodorant is 3-5g/m2。
3. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein the microbial sewage treatment agent in the step (3) is prepared as follows: taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrier according to the mass ratio of 1:6-8:3-5, and firstly, taking the composite bacterial liquid, the microbial nitrogen source and the biological carrierUniformly mixing the solution and a microbial nitrogen source, culturing at 24-26 ℃, adding a biological carrier, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the microbial sewage treatment agent; the adding amount of the microbial sewage treatment agent is 8-15g/m2。
4. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 3, wherein the compound bacterial liquid is formed by mixing micrococcus luteus, rhizopus nigricans, bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria according to a mass ratio of 3-5:2-4:1: 1-2.
5. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 3, wherein the microbial nitrogen source is formed by mixing mushroom stick waste residue powder, glucose, peptone and water according to a mass ratio of 3-5:2-3:1: 10-15.
6. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 3, wherein the biological carrier is formed by mixing cellulose, starch and diatomite according to a mass ratio of 2-3:4-6: 1.
7. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the biological enzyme preparation particles are prepared by mixing cellulase, xylanase and catalase according to a mass ratio of 2-3:1:1, and the adding amount of the biological enzyme preparation particles is 1-3g/m2。
8. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein the flocculating agent in the step (2) is formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyaluminium chloride, polyferric sulfate silicate and active carbon according to a mass ratio of 3-5:1-3:1:4-6, and the adding amount of the flocculating agent is 15-20g/m2。
9. The ecological restoration method for black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein the submerged plants in step (4) are any three of black algae, watermifoil, curly pondweed, bitter herbs and potamogeton crispus, which are planted denselyThe degree is 35-50 strains/m2。
10. The ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river channel according to claim 1, wherein the emergent aquatic plants in the step (4) are any combination of more than two of reed, cattail and allium mongolicum, and the planting density is 20-30 plants/m2。
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| CN113620531A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-09 | 北京北控生态建设集团有限公司 | Remediation and treatment method for black and odorous water body |
| CN114105407A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽雷克环境科技有限公司 | Water ecology recovery method for polluted river water |
| CN116495898A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-28 | 苏州硕亚环保科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration agent and water body treatment method |
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| CN113620531A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-09 | 北京北控生态建设集团有限公司 | Remediation and treatment method for black and odorous water body |
| CN113620531B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-02-03 | 北京北控生态建设集团有限公司 | Remediation and treatment method for black and odorous water body |
| CN114105407A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽雷克环境科技有限公司 | Water ecology recovery method for polluted river water |
| CN114105407B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-09-05 | 安徽雷克环境科技有限公司 | Water ecology recovery method for polluted river water |
| CN116495898A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-28 | 苏州硕亚环保科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration agent and water body treatment method |
| CN116495898B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-11-03 | 苏州硕亚环保科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration agent and water body treatment method |
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