CN113261616A - Feed additive containing yucca, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive containing yucca, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113261616A CN113261616A CN202110458027.5A CN202110458027A CN113261616A CN 113261616 A CN113261616 A CN 113261616A CN 202110458027 A CN202110458027 A CN 202110458027A CN 113261616 A CN113261616 A CN 113261616A
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- CN
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- yucca
- calves
- parts
- saccharomyces cerevisiae
- feed additive
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- 235000004552 Yucca aloifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
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- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- OXLGJTRVVNGJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hecogenin Natural products CC1CCC2(CC3CC4C5CCC6CC(O)CCC6(C)C5CC(=O)C4(C)C3C2C)OC1 OXLGJTRVVNGJRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UVLDESQWQRMYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Neobotogenin Natural products CC1C(C2(C(=O)CC3C4(C)CCC(O)CC4=CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 UVLDESQWQRMYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diosgenin Natural products CC1C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CCC(O)CC4=CCC3C2C2)C)C2OC11CCC(C)CO1 WQLVFSAGQJTQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NWMIYTWHUDFRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sapogenin Natural products COC(=O)C1(CO)C(O)CCC2(C)C1CCC3(C)C2CC=C4C5C(C)(O)C(C)CCC5(CCC34C)C(=O)O NWMIYTWHUDFRPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive containing yucca and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the feed additive comprises the following raw materials: the yeast cell wall culture product comprises the components of yucca powder, yeast culture, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, saccharomyces cerevisiae, complex enzyme and zinc oxide. The fodder additive containing yucca takes yucca powder as a main material, and the yeast culture, the cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae, compound enzyme and zinc oxide are reasonably proportioned, so that the coccidian infection rate of calves of 0-6 months old can be effectively reduced under the nonreactive condition, meanwhile, the fodder additive can also reduce the morbidity of various common diseases of calves, promote the rumen development of calves, improve the intestinal immunity of calves, improve the feed intake of calves, promote the healthy growth of calves, and establish the lifelong production value and biological value of the calves in the calf stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive containing yucca and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the unicellular parasite Eimeria (Eimeria), which forms a multiplied reproduction in the intestinal tract of poultry and livestock resulting in tissue damage, reduces feed intake and nutrient absorption in feed, causes dehydration and blood loss, and causes severe loss of meat and egg production. The coccidia has strict selectivity on a host, different species of livestock and poultry have different species of coccidia which are not cross-infected with each other, and different species of coccidia respectively have fixed parasitic parts, such as chicken parasitizing Eimeria tenella (E.tenella) in caecum and poisoning Eimeria tenella (E.necatrix) in middle 1/3 sections of small intestine as the most common; sheep and goats are most prevalent with eimeria acervulina (e.arloigni) and eimeria pumila (e.faurei) parasitizing intestinal epithelial cells. Rabbits are most prevalent with eimeria stutzeri (e.stiedai) parasitizing in bile duct epithelial cells, with the most severe harm; cattle are most commonly and most pathogenic, eimeria qisonii (e.zurni) and eimeria bovis (e.bovis) that parasitize in the rectal epithelium or cecum and lower colon. At present, generally, drugs for preventing coccidiosis are antibiotics, but drug resistance can be generated in animals along with the prolonging of the using time, the prevention effect of the drugs is reduced, the dosage is increased, and finally the drugs are ineffective.
Yucca (Yucca schidigera) plants particularly belong to liliaceae, are rich in Yucca Saponin, steroid Saponin (sarsasapogenin, Smilagenin, agave sapogenin Hecogenin) and various beneficial nutritional factors such as free Saponin (Saponin-free), seasaponin and saccharide complex (Glyco-Compounds), and are widely applied to the field of animal husbandry in recent years. In general, calves less than 2 years old are more susceptible to coccidiosis and have a higher mortality rate than adult cattle.
Therefore, the invention provides a feed additive containing yucca, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at reducing the coccidium infection rate of calves in 0-6 months under the non-resistant condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a feed additive containing yucca. The feed additive mainly comprises plant Yucca Schidigera powder, and is matched with other non-antibiotic components, and is specially used for calves of 0-6 months old, so that coccidium infection rate of calves is reduced, and healthy growth of calves is promoted.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the feed additive containing yucca.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the feed additive containing yucca.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a feed additive containing yucca, which consists of the following raw materials: the yeast cell wall culture product comprises the components of yucca powder, yeast culture, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, saccharomyces cerevisiae, complex enzyme and zinc oxide.
Further, the feed additive containing yucca comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of silk orchid powder, 30-45 parts of yeast culture, 30-45 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 10-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 10-20 parts of complex enzyme and 1-5 parts of zinc oxide.
Further, the yucca powder has a moisture content of less than 10% and a saponin content of greater than 45%.
Further, the complex enzyme is cellulase and alpha-amylase, wherein the mass ratio of the cellulase to the alpha-amylase is 6: 4.
Further, the content of viable bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 108One per gram.
Among the raw materials, yucca is a yucca plant of liliaceae, and the yucca is used as a feed additive, has important effects in promoting the health and high yield of livestock and poultry, improving the digestive tract environment, improving the quality of meat products, promoting the absorption of nutrient substances, improving the utilization rate of feed and the like, and particularly has a certain effect on promoting the completeness of the intestinal immune barrier function.
Yeast culture refers to a microbial preparation formed by the anaerobic fermentation of yeast on a specific medium under the control of specific process conditions. It is used as a feed additive and mainly has double functions of nutrition and health care. In the aspect of nutrition, the palatability of the feed can be improved, the digestibility of the feed can be improved, and the mannan in the yeast culture in the aspect of health care can promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria in intestinal microbial flora and reduce the colonization of harmful bacteria, so that the chemical barrier and the biological immune barrier of the intestinal tract of the livestock and poultry are strengthened.
The cell wall of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is a green additive, is rich in various bioactive substances such as beta-glucan, Mannan (MOS) and the like, and has various physiological functions of enhancing immunity, preventing diseases, promoting growth, relieving stress, supplementing nutrition and the like as a feed additive.
The saccharomyces cerevisiae is an active yeast, and can be used as a feed additive to promote early colonization of microorganisms in rumen and intestinal tract and promote establishment of beneficial flora; meanwhile, the occupation quantity of harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract is reduced, and the intestinal immunity is further improved.
The cellulase is a general term for a group of enzymes for degrading cellulose to generate glucose, the alpha-amylase is a general term for enzymes for hydrolyzing starch and glycogen, and a complex enzyme consisting of the two enzymes is used as a feed additive, so that the utilization of the cellulose by livestock and poultry can be promoted, the conversion of starch is promoted, and the occurrence of nutritional diarrhea of the livestock and poultry is reduced.
Zinc is an important microelement of organisms, zinc oxide is used as a feed additive, has the functions of improving the immunity of livestock and poultry, resisting inflammation and oxidation, and can improve the health of intestinal tracts and be beneficial to establishing physical barriers for the intestinal tracts.
The feed additive of the invention prevents coccidiosis (coccidial infection) in calves of 0-6 months of age mainly by establishing or strengthening the chemical, physical and biological immune barriers of the intestinal tract, specifically: 1) the yucca powder can improve the digestive tract environment, improve the rumen digestion efficiency and promote the complete functions of the chemical barrier and the biological barrier of the intestinal tract; 2) the zinc oxide improves the health of the intestinal tract and assists in establishing a physical barrier of the intestinal tract; 3) the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the yeast culture and the cell wall of the saccharomyces cerevisiae relieve stress, promote the early colonization of beneficial flora in rumen and intestinal tract, reduce the occupied number of harmful bacteria, and further strengthen the intestinal tract chemical barrier and biological immune barrier of calves; 4) the compound enzyme integrally promotes the digestive level of calves, improves the nutrient absorption capacity of the calves, improves the immune function of the calves and further strengthens the intestinal biological immune barrier of the calves.
In addition, ruminants depend on rumen function, billions of bacteria, protozoa and fungi are commonly generated in a dynamic balance system in the rumen fermentation process, once the balance is damaged, calves are more easily attacked by coccidian, and diseases such as calf diarrhea and pneumonia are frequent, even if higher treatment cost is input, the elimination rate of the calves is still high, and the large amount of beneficial flora in rumen microorganisms is propagated, so that the intestinal biological immune barrier of the calves can be strengthened, and the calves can show lasting high production performance and better resist coccidian infection.
The invention unexpectedly discovers that the yucca powder can effectively promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in rumen and reduce the number of harmful bacteria, the saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the yeast culture can promote the colonization of beneficial bacteria in microbial flora in rumen and reduce the colonization of harmful bacteria, and the yucca powder, the saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the yeast culture in a specific proportion can synergistically promote the mass propagation of beneficial flora in calf rumen. In fact, the saccharomyces cerevisiae is a relatively fragile active organism, the quality and performance of the saccharomyces cerevisiae are extremely prone to lose activity due to temperature, humidity, crude treatment and the like and even can be damaged by rumen acid liquor, and the specific amount of yucca powder is found to be capable of effectively improving rumen anaerobic microorganism fermentation, inhibiting urease activity and reducing density of protozoa in rumen, so that the pH value in rumen is stabilized within a certain normal range, and the saccharomyces cerevisiae is prevented from being rapidly inactivated in rumen, and plays a beneficial role to the maximum extent.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a feed additive containing yucca, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the yucca powder, the yeast culture, the cell wall of the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex enzyme and the zinc oxide according to the proportion, then putting the raw materials into a mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the yucca compound.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the feed additive containing yucca in preparing a product for preventing coccidium infection of calves of 0-6 months old.
Furthermore, the feeding additive containing yucca is used in an amount of 0.02-0.15kg per cow per day, and the feeding period is at least 1 month.
Unless otherwise indicated, all starting materials for the present invention are commercially available and any ranges recited herein include any endpoints and any numbers between the endpoints and any subranges between the endpoints or any numbers between the endpoints.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the feed additive containing yucca takes yucca powder as a main body, and yeast culture, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, saccharomyces cerevisiae, compound enzyme and zinc oxide are reasonably proportioned, so that the coccidian infection rate of calves of 0-6 months old can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the feed additive can also reduce the morbidity of various common diseases of calves, effectively promote the rumen development of the calves, improve the intestinal immunity of the calves, improve the feed intake of the calves and promote the healthy growth of the calves.
The feed additive containing yucca avoids the use of antibiotics, and can not generate drug resistance even if the calf is used for a long time.
The feed additive containing yucca has the advantages of cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, simple preparation process, and large-scale and commercial production prospect.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
The preparation methods in the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, the percentages are mass percentages unless otherwise specified, and the raw materials used are commercially available from published sources or prepared according to the prior art.
Wherein, the yucca powder is purchased from the God-Tian-Heng-Biotechnology limited company, the water content of the yucca powder is less than 10 percent, and the saponin content is more than 45 percent;
the yeast culture is purchased from Danongwei biological fermentation engineering technology company Limited, and comprises the following specific components: 100% dry yeast culture;
saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall was purchased from Angel Yeast, Inc., and contains the following main components: the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent, the mannan is more than or equal to 20 percent, the beta-glucan is 20 to 35 percent, and the dissolution rate is less than or equal to 45 percent;
saccharomyces cerevisiae is available from Angel Yeast, Inc., and has viable bacteria content of 1 × 10 or more8Per gram;
the complex enzyme is purchased from Jinan Baismige bioengineering GmbH, and comprises the following specific components: cellulase and alpha-amylase in a mass ratio of 6: 4;
the zinc oxide is purchased from the company of Mitsuka mineral, Inc., and comprises the following specific components: and (3) zinc oxide.
Example 1
The feed additive containing yucca is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of silk orchid powder, 40 parts of yeast culture, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Weighing the raw materials in proportion, then putting the raw materials into a mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the product.
Example 2
The feed additive containing yucca is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of silk orchid powder, 30 parts of yeast culture, 30 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 10 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 10 parts of complex enzyme and 1 part of zinc oxide.
Weighing the raw materials in proportion, then putting the raw materials into a mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the product.
Example 3
The feed additive containing yucca is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of silk orchid powder, 45 parts of yeast culture, 45 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 20 parts of complex enzyme and 5 parts of zinc oxide.
Weighing the raw materials in proportion, then putting the raw materials into a mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the product.
Comparative example 1
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of yucca powder, 40 parts of yeast culture, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 15 parts of complex enzyme.
Comparative example 2
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of yeast culture, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Comparative example 3
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of silk orchid powder, 40 parts of yeast culture, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Comparative example 4
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of silk fibroin powder, 40 parts of yeast culture, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Comparative example 5
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of silk orchid powder, 20 parts of yeast culture, 20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Comparative example 6
The feed additive is the same as the feed additive in example 1, except that the feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of silk orchid powder, 40 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, 15 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 15 parts of complex enzyme and 3 parts of zinc oxide.
Feeding test 1
The feeding test is carried out in a pasture in a respiratory market, the total feeding test is divided into 10 groups, the formula of daily ration and the feeding environment of each group are kept consistent, 200 calves which are not weaned are suckled in each group, the average daily age of the calves is 10 days old, the feeding time is 60 days, other specific conditions are shown in table 1, and the feeding effect is shown in tables 2-4.
TABLE 1 feed additives type and addition
Remarking: the effective component of the monensin-containing product in the control group 7 is monensin sodium, and the specific components of the product are as follows: each kilogram of the rice powder contains 200 g of monensin sodium and the rest is carrier rice powder.
TABLE 2 comparison of food intake and incidence of common diseases
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from Table 2, the feed additives used in the test groups 1 to 3 of the present invention can effectively reduce the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves, and the daily feed intake of calves is also significantly increased due to the high intestinal health level of calves. In comparison, since the additive of the control group 1 does not contain zinc oxide, after the calf is fed with the additive, the incidence rate of diarrhea, enteritis and cold of the calf is relatively high, it is difficult to prevent common diseases such as diarrhea and the like if the additive lacks zinc oxide, and the daily feed intake of the calf is far lower than that of the test group because the healthy level of the intestinal tract of the calf is low. The additive of the control group 2 does not contain yucca, and the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves is high, so that if the additive lacks yucca, the effect of effectively preventing common diseases such as diarrhea and the like cannot be achieved. The additive of the control group 3 has low yucca powder content, and although the contents of other components are normal, the whole effective component content is insufficient, so that the intestinal health of calves cannot be comprehensively guaranteed, the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of the calves of the control group 3 is high, the intestinal health level is not high, and the feed intake is low. When the content of the yucca powder in the additive of the control group 4 is beyond the range of the present invention, the average feed intake of the group is the lowest, because when the yucca powder is added too much, the feed intake is inhibited, and the intake of the effective components in the additive is insufficient, and finally the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves is high. Although yucca, zinc oxide and the like are in reasonable ranges, the additives of the control groups 5-6 have relatively low cell wall contents or are not added, so that the intestinal tracts of calves are not comprehensively protected, and further the overall immunity of the intestinal tracts cannot be effectively improved, so that the incidence rates of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of the calves are relatively high, and the feed intake is relatively low. Although the additive of the control group 7 contains monensin, the additive can reduce the incidence rate of colds and pneumonia of calves to a certain extent, but has no good prevention effect on other common diseases.
TABLE 3 Calf diarrhea etiology test results
Remarking: -: not detected; +: and (7) detecting.
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from Table 3, none of the calves fed the Yucca-containing feed additive of examples 1-3 of the present invention detected coccidia and other common sources of diarrhea. In comparison, the additive of the control group 1 does not contain zinc oxide, and a common cause of diarrhea is detected after the calf is fed with the additive, so that the control group 1 has a preventive effect on coccidia, but cannot have a comprehensive defense effect due to the lack of zinc oxide in the whole combination. The additive of the control group 2 does not contain the yucca powder, and after the additive is fed to calves, coccidia and other three common sources of diarrhea are detected, so that if the additive lacks the yucca, the coccidia infection of the calves is difficult to prevent. The control group 3 detected a variety of common etiologies because the additive contained too little yucca powder, which could not prevent coccidia, and the intestinal tract was damaged by coccidia attack, which opened a channel for further attack of the intestinal tract by bacteria. The control groups 5-6 all detect common sources of diarrhea, because the cell walls of saccharomyces cerevisiae and the content of yeast culture are not in the range of the invention, even if the calf fed by the feed achieves the goal of defense against coccidian, rumen beneficial flora is less propagated, the intestinal biological immune barrier is not effectively strengthened, and the intestinal health level of the calf cannot be comprehensively improved. The control group 4 detected common sources of diarrhea, because the additive contained too much yucca, after feeding calves, resulted in the inhibition of calves feeding, and the whole components did not exert significant effects. While the additive of the control group 7 containing monensin can reduce the coccidium infection rate of calves to a certain extent, but has poor effect on preventing other diarrhea pathogenic infections. In addition, the control groups 2-3 (no or little yucca) and 5-6 (small amount of yeast culture and/or saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall) can detect coronavirus infection, and the test groups 1-3 can not detect coronavirus infection, which shows that under the combined action of yucca powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, saccharomyces cerevisiae and yeast culture in a specific proportion, the synergistic effect can synergistically promote the mass propagation of beneficial flora in calf rumen, further promote the intestinal biological immune barrier to be effectively strengthened, and finally realize the effect of effectively preventing calf diarrhea pathogenic infection such as coccidian and coronavirus.
TABLE 4 average growth and development index of calves at weaning
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from Table 4, the growth and development indexes of the calves fed with the feed additive of the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention are higher during weaning, because the feed additive of the invention can effectively reduce the coccidian infection rate of the calves of 0 to 6 months old, can effectively promote the rumen development of the calves, improve the intestinal immunity, improve the feed intake of the calves and promote the efficient growth of the calves by reasonably proportioning the raw materials. In comparison, the growth and development indexes of the calves in the control groups 1 to 7 are lower than those of the test group, because if any raw material is absent in the additive or the parts of the raw materials are not within the scope of the invention, the effect of preventing coccidian infection and reducing the morbidity of other diseases cannot be achieved, and the intestinal tract of the calves cannot reach the optimal state, so that the growth and development of the calves are influenced.
Feeding test 2
The test is carried out in Ningxia pasture, 10 groups are totally divided, the formula of daily ration and the feeding environment of each group are kept consistent, 200 weaned calves are contained in each group, the average day age of the calves is 60 days old, the feeding time is 90 days, other specific conditions are shown in table 5, and the feeding effect is shown in tables 6-8.
TABLE 5 feed additives type and amount
Remarking: the effective component of the monensin-containing product in the control group 7 is monensin sodium, and the specific components of the product are as follows: each kilogram of the rice powder contains 200 g of monensin sodium and the rest is carrier rice powder.
TABLE 6 comparison of food intake and incidence of common diseases
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from table 6, the feeding additives used in the test groups 1 to 3 of the present invention can effectively reduce the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves, and the daily food intake of calves is also significantly higher due to the higher intestinal health level of calves, in comparison, since the additives of the control group 1 do not contain zinc oxide, the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves after feeding calves is at a higher level, it is difficult to prevent common diseases such as diarrhea if the additives lack zinc oxide, and the daily food intake of calves is also much lower than that of the test groups due to the lower intestinal health level of calves. The additive of the control group 2 does not contain yucca, and the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of calves is high, so that if the additive lacks yucca, the effect of effectively preventing common diseases such as diarrhea and the like cannot be achieved. The additive of the control group 3 has low yucca powder content, and although the contents of other components are normal, the whole effective component content is insufficient, so that the intestinal health of calves cannot be comprehensively guaranteed, the incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold of the calves of the control group 3 is high, the intestinal health level is not high, and the feed intake is low. The content of yucca powder in the control group 4 is too high, but it can be found that the food intake is the lowest, that is, too much yucca powder is added to inhibit food intake, which results in insufficient intake of yucca saponin and other effective components in the additive, not only does not prevent coccidian, but also results in a decrease in intestinal health level, and further results in higher incidence of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold. The additive of the control groups 5-6 has low content of cell walls of yeast culture and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or is not added, so that the overall defense capability of the additive is reduced after the additive is fed to calves, the intestinal health level of the calves is relatively low, the incidence rate of diarrhea, pneumonia, enteritis and cold is high, and the feed intake is relatively low. The additive of the control group 7, although containing monensin, can reduce the incidence of colds in calves to some extent, has no good preventive effect on other common diseases.
TABLE 7 Calf diarrhea etiology test results
Remarking: -: not detected; +: and (7) detecting.
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from Table 7, no frequent etiology of coccidia and other diarrhea was detected in calves fed the feed additives of examples 1-3 of the present invention. In comparison, the additive of the control group 1 does not contain zinc oxide, three common pathogens of diarrhea are detected after the calf is fed, and it can be seen that if the additive lacks zinc oxide, the effect of effectively preventing the common pathogens of diarrhea from being infected can not be achieved. The additive of the control group 2 does not contain yucca, and after the calf is fed with the additive, coccidia and other four common causes of diarrhea are detected, so that if the additive lacks yucca, the coccidia infection of the calf is difficult to prevent. The control groups 3 and 5-6 all detected common sources of diarrhea, because the contents of the yucca powder or the yeast culture and the cell wall of the saccharomyces cerevisiae in the additive are not in the range of the invention, after the additive is fed to calves, rumen beneficial flora is less propagated, the biological immune barrier of intestinal tracts is not effectively strengthened, and the whole immune capacity is weaker than that of the test group. The control group 4 detected common sources of diarrhea, because the additive added with Yucca powder is too much, after being fed to calves, the calves are inhibited from feeding, and the whole components have insignificant effects. The additive of the control group 7 containing monensin can reduce the coccidium infection rate of calves to a certain extent, but has poor effect on preventing other diarrhea infection sources. In addition, the control groups 2-3 (no or little yucca) and 5-6 (small amount of yeast culture and/or saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall) can detect coronavirus infection, and the test groups 1-3 can not detect coronavirus infection, which shows that under the combined action of yucca powder, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, saccharomyces cerevisiae and yeast culture in a specific proportion, the synergistic effect can synergistically promote the mass propagation of beneficial flora in calf rumen, further promote the intestinal biological immune barrier to be effectively strengthened, and finally realize the effect of effectively preventing calf diarrhea pathogenic infection such as coccidian and coronavirus.
TABLE 8 Calf average growth and development index
And (3) knotting: as can be seen from Table 8, the growth indexes of the calves fed with the feed additives of the test groups 1 to 3 are higher, and the feed additives of the invention not only can effectively reduce the coccidian infection rate of calves of 0 to 6 months old, but also can effectively promote the rumen development of the calves, improve the intestinal immunity, improve the feed intake of the calves and promote the efficient growth of the calves by reasonably proportioning the raw materials. All the growth and development indexes of the calves in the control groups 1-7 are lower than those of the test group, because if any raw material is lacked in the additive or the parts of the raw materials are not in the range of the invention, the effect of preventing coccidian infection and reducing the morbidity of other diseases cannot be achieved, and the intestinal tract of the calves cannot reach the optimal state, so that the growth and development of the calves are influenced.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The feed additive containing yucca is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: the yeast cell wall culture product comprises the components of yucca powder, yeast culture, saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls, saccharomyces cerevisiae, complex enzyme and zinc oxide.
2. The yucca-containing feed additive according to claim 1 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of silk orchid powder, 30-45 parts of yeast culture, 30-45 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, 10-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 10-20 parts of complex enzyme and 1-5 parts of zinc oxide.
3. The yucca-containing feed additive as claimed in claim 1 wherein the yucca powder has a moisture content of < 10% and a saponin content of > 45%.
4. The yucca-containing feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme is cellulase and alpha-amylase, and the mass ratio of the cellulase to the alpha-amylase is 6: 4.
5. The yucca-containing feed additive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of viable bacteria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not less than 1 x 108One per gram.
6. A method of preparing a yucca-containing feed additive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it includes the steps of:
weighing the yucca powder, the yeast culture, the cell wall of the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex enzyme and the zinc oxide according to the proportion, then putting the raw materials into a mixer, and mixing for 5-10 minutes to obtain the yucca compound.
7. Use of a yucca-containing feed additive according to any one of claims 1-5 for the preparation of a product for the prevention of coccidial infections in calves of 0-6 months of age.
8. The use as claimed in claim 7 in which the yucca-containing feed additive is used in an amount of 0.02 to 0.15kg per day per cow for a feeding period of at least 1 month.
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