CN113258722B - 一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置 - Google Patents

一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置 Download PDF

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CN113258722B
CN113258722B CN202110599854.6A CN202110599854A CN113258722B CN 113258722 B CN113258722 B CN 113258722B CN 202110599854 A CN202110599854 A CN 202110599854A CN 113258722 B CN113258722 B CN 113258722B
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end cover
heat dissipation
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CN113258722A (zh
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彭敬辉
李松晶
张亚运
杨睿
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B7/00—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors
    • F15B7/005—With rotary or crank input
    • F15B7/006—Rotary pump input
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3441—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F01C1/3442—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/06—Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0096—Heating; Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/388—Blades characterised by construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/584—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling or heating the machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/64—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps
    • F04D29/644—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/18—Combined units comprising both motor and pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/042—Controlling the temperature of the fluid
    • F15B21/0423—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/18—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with ribs or fins for improving heat transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
    • F05D2260/221—Improvement of heat transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/22—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/224—Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1485—Special measures for cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
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    • F15B2211/205—Systems with pumps
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    • F15B2211/20561—Type of pump reversible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/20—Fluid pressure source, e.g. accumulator or variable axial piston pump
    • F15B2211/27—Directional control by means of the pressure source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/61—Secondary circuits
    • F15B2211/611—Diverting circuits, e.g. for cooling or filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
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    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/62—Cooling or heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
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    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625—Accumulators
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    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
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    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70—Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
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    • F15B2211/7053—Double-acting output members

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Abstract

一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，属于液压装置技术领域。外壳内外壁偏心设置，套在自旋转机构外侧，自旋转机构设在轴杆外侧，轴杆与外壳内壁同轴并与外端盖和内端盖连接，自旋转机构包括转子及叶片，转子套在轴杆外并与外端盖及内端盖连接，转子与叶片滑动连接，叶片外壁与外壳内壁贴合设置；石墨烯散热层涂覆在外壳、叶片、转子、内端盖及外端盖的外壁上。本发明有利于系统节能及散热装置小型化，满足电液作动器高集成化、低能耗、高散热率的需求；增加了装置的传热面积，提高了单位几何空间的散热效率，有利于装置集成化；增加散热装置附近的空气流动，提高了表面散热系数，可将石墨烯传导出的热量高效地散发出去。

Description

一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，属于液压装置技术领域。
背景技术
直驱式电液伺服作动器(Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator，EHA)是由电机、泵、液压阀组和液压缸等液压元件高度集成的动力单元，它以重量轻、体积小、功率密度大等优点广泛应用于航空、农业、医疗等众多领域。
直驱式电液伺服作动器是一种典型的液压闭式系统，高度集成化导致其散热空间有限，换热能力大幅降低，油温也会急剧上升，过高的油液温度会给系统的正常工作带来巨大危害。据统计，温度每升高15℃，介质的稳定使用寿命将降低90％；温升还会降低液压油的粘度和润滑性，严重影响系统的密封性能；此外温升还会使零件膨胀变形，加速元件老化。由此可见，散热性能是制约直驱式电液伺服作动器快速发展与应用的关键问题之一。
目前解决直驱式电液伺服作动器散热问题常用的方法有两种：
一种是通过合理的系统功率匹配减小直驱式电液伺服作动器的发热量，受工况需求和功率损失的影响，功率匹配的方法解决散热问题效果有限。另一种则是通过外置冷却器散热，通过外置冷却器散热是另一种常用方法，但现有的冷却器质量重、体积大、能耗高，与直驱式电液伺服作动器的高集成化、小型化和高效能特点严重相悖。因此，亟需一种小型化、低能耗、高散热效率的散热装置，以满足高度集成化直驱式电液伺服作动器的散热需求。
发明内容
为解决背景技术中存在的问题，本发明提供一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置。
实现上述目的，本发明采取下述技术方案：一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，包括外壳、轴杆、自旋转机构、外端盖、内端盖以及石墨烯散热层；所述外壳内壁与外壁偏心设置，外壳套装在自旋转机构的外侧，所述自旋转机构同轴设置在轴杆的外侧，所述轴杆与外壳内壁同轴设置，并一端与外端盖连接，且另一端与内端盖连接，所述自旋转机构包括转子以及多个叶片，所述转子同轴套装在轴杆的外侧，并两端面分别与外端盖以及内端盖对应固定连接，转子的外壁与多个叶片滑动连接，所述叶片的外壁与外壳的内壁贴合设置；所述石墨烯散热层涂覆在外壳、叶片、转子、内端盖以及外端盖的外壁上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明应用了石墨烯，石墨烯作为一种新材料，其热导率最高可达5300W/mk，是金属铜导热率的十倍，导热性能优越；
2、本发明利用直驱式电液伺服作动器内部拥有丰富的液压能，使其自身液压能驱动散热装置旋转，进而结合石墨烯提高表面散热系数，充分发挥石墨烯的高导热特性，摒弃了外部输入源，有利于系统节能及散热装置小型化，继而满足直驱式电液伺服作动器高集成化、低能耗、高散热率的需求；
3、本发明可以集成在直驱式电液伺服作动器上实现高效率散热解决了直驱式电液伺服作动器散热性能差及现有的冷却装置质量重、体积大难以满足直驱式电液伺服作动器高集成化、小型化、高散热效率的需求的问题；
4、本发明将高导热性能的石墨烯应用到直驱式电液伺服作动器的散热领域中，发明了自旋转石墨烯散热装置，在与液压油接触的所有零件的内外表面均涂覆石墨烯，将直驱式电液伺服作动器中液压油的热量通过石墨烯高效导出；
5、本发明增设了散热管，扩大了石墨烯的涂覆表面积，增加了装置的传热面积，提高了单位几何空间的散热效率，有利于装置集成化；
6、本发明充分利用直驱式电液伺服作动器内部的液压能驱动自旋转机构带动散热部件转动，增加散热装置附近的空气流动，提高了表面散热系数，可将石墨烯传导出的热量高效地散发出去。
附图说明
图1是直驱式电液伺服作动器的三维示意图；
图2是直驱式电液伺服作动器的原理图；
图3是本发明的主视图；
图4是图3的A-A剖视图；
图5是图3的结构拆分图；
图6是外壳的主视图；
图7是图6的B-B剖视图；
图8是图6的三维示意图；
图9是轴杆的三维示意图；
图10是自旋转机构的主视图；
图11是图10的C-C剖视图；
图12是图10的三维示意图；
图13是外端盖的主视图；
图14是图13的三维示意图；
图15是内端盖的主视图；
图16是图15的三维示意图；
图17是外风扇的主视图；
图18是图17的D-D剖视图；
图19是图17的三维示意图；
图20是石墨烯散热层的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，包括外壳1、轴杆2、自旋转机构5、外端盖6、内端盖7以及石墨烯散热层9；所述外壳1设置在EHA阀块c上，而后套装在自旋转机构5的外侧，并一端与外端盖6通过密封圈密封配合连接，且另一端与内端盖7通过密封圈密封配合连接，所述自旋转机构5同轴设置在轴杆2的外侧，所述轴杆2的一端与外端盖6连接，并另一端穿过内端盖7与EHA阀块c连接，所述自旋转机构5包括转子5-14以及多个叶片5-1，所述转子5-14同轴套装在轴杆2的外侧，并两端面分别设有四个螺栓孔二5-4，并通过螺栓装入对应的螺栓孔二5-4的方式与外端盖6以及内端盖7对应固定连接，转子5-14的外壁与多个均布设置的叶片5-1沿其径向滑动连接，所述叶片5-1的外壁与外壳1的内壁贴合设置；所述石墨烯散热层9涂覆在零件C的整个表面，零件C包括外壳1、叶片5-1、转子5-14、内端盖7以及外端盖6的外壁C1上，所述石墨烯散热层9可以是单层石墨烯、多层石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、石墨烯复合散热涂料、石墨烯散热贴膜或其它石墨烯散热材料，
外壳1、自旋转机构5、外端盖6以及内端盖7的材料为铝合金、钛合金、镁合金或其它金属材料。
轴杆2的材料为45号钢、碳素钢、合金钢、球墨铸铁或其它金属材料。
所述外壳1为筒状结构，并内壁与外壁偏心设置，外壳1外壁沿其径向对称设有两个安装耳，每个所述安装耳上均设有两个螺栓孔一1-1，外壳1通过螺栓装入螺栓孔一1-1的方式固定在EHA阀块c上，外壳1的壳体内沿其径向对称设有两个外壳油口1-2，所述外壳油口1-2一端贯穿外壳1的内壁设置，并另一端贯穿外壳1的安装端面设置，且与EHA蓄能器回油路的油口A密封贴合设置。
所述转子5-14的外壁沿其周向均布设有多个沿其径向设置的滑槽5-12，所述叶片5-1的一端插入对应的滑槽5-12内，并通过弹簧5-13与对应的滑槽5-12的槽底面弹性连接。所述叶片5-1在弹簧5-13的压紧力作用下紧贴外壳1内圆表面随转子5-14旋转滑移，所述叶片5-1在滑槽5-12内可上下滑动。
所述轴杆2的一端加工有外螺纹2-5，通过外螺纹2-5使得轴杆2固定在EHA阀块c处，并外壁设有两个轴肩2-1以及两个环槽2-3，所述两个轴肩2-1位于两个环槽2-3之间，每个轴肩2-1处均设有轴承3，每个所述环槽2-3内均设有挡圈10，轴杆2通过轴承3与转子5-14连接，所述挡圈10用于固定轴承3。转子5-14内壁两端均设有转子内孔凸台5-2，用于与轴承3过盈配合，使得转子5-14可绕轴杆2旋转。
所述外端盖6以及内端盖7均套装在轴杆2的外侧，且均贯穿各自的厚度方向沿各自的周向均布设有多组散热孔6-5，每组所述散热孔6-5均包括多个阵列设置的散热孔6-5。并均设有四个螺栓孔三6-1，并通过螺栓装入对应的螺栓孔三6-1的方式与转子5-14固定连接。
所述外端盖6上的散热孔6-5与内端盖7上对应的散热孔6-5之间均过盈配合设有散热管7-6，配合处由密封圈密封。所述散热管7-6和散热孔6-5的截面形状可以是圆形、方正形、菱形、三角形、椭圆或者其他可增加散热面积的几何形状。散热管7-6外表面设有石墨烯散热层9，散热管7-6增加了石墨烯散热层9覆盖表面积，散热管7-6的外壁面与油液接触，内壁面和两端面与空气接触，缩短了高温油液与空气的热传导路径。
所述外端盖6的外端设有外风扇8；外风扇8通过螺栓装入对应的螺栓孔四8-1的方式与外端盖6连接。外风扇8的外表面设有石墨烯散热层9，同时石墨烯散热层9还可以附着在EHA液压缸h、EHA蓄能器d、或者EHA油泵b等其它零件表面。
本发明可以使周围空气充分流动，尤其是外风扇8的作用，提高了表面散热系数，可以快速将EHA内部高温油液的热量散出。外风扇8的材料为塑料、高强度碳纤维树脂基复合材料或其它复合轻质材料。
所述直驱式电液伺服作动器包含EHA伺服电机a、EHA液压泵b、EHA阀块c、EHA蓄能器d、EHA溢流阀f、EHA单向阀g以及EHA液压缸h，本发明可同样应用于其它原理的直驱式电液伺服作动器。
本发明可以通过EHA阀块c安装在EHA蓄能器d的回油路上进行使用，也可以安装在EHA液压缸h的进出油路上进行使用。
本发明的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置e，当EHA蓄能器d给EHA系统补油时，液压油从EHA蓄能器回油路的一个油口A流出，经由外壳油口1-2进入由叶片5-1、转子5-14外壁、外壳1内壁、外端盖6、内端盖7及散热管7-6之间形成的密闭容腔内，由于自旋转机构5与外壳1偏心安装，所形成密闭容腔中两叶片与油液接触面积存在差异，在压力油作用下，两叶片受力不平衡使得转子产生转矩旋转，所述外风扇8、叶片5-1、外端盖6、内端盖7和散热管7-6随转子5-14同轴转动；液压油在转子旋转过程中被压入另一个外壳油口1-2内，经由EHA蓄能器回油路的另一个油口A给EHA系统补油；反之，当EHA系统油液回EHA蓄能器时，液压油从EHA蓄能器回油路对应的油口A流出，经由对应的外壳油口1-2进入密闭容腔内，在压力油作用下，两叶片受力不平衡使转子产生转矩反方向旋转，液压油在转子旋转过程中被压入另一个外壳油口1-2内，经由EHA蓄能器回油路的另一个油口A流回EHA蓄能器。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同条件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：包括外壳(1)、轴杆(2)、自旋转机构(5)、外端盖(6)、内端盖(7)以及石墨烯散热层(9)；所述外壳(1)内壁与外壁偏心设置，外壳(1)套装在自旋转机构(5)的外侧，所述自旋转机构(5)同轴设置在轴杆(2)的外侧，所述轴杆(2)与外壳(1)内壁同轴设置，并一端与外端盖(6)连接，且另一端与内端盖(7)连接，所述自旋转机构(5)包括转子(5-14)以及多个叶片(5-1)，所述转子(5-14)同轴套装在轴杆(2)的外侧，并两端面分别与外端盖(6)以及内端盖(7)对应固定连接，转子(5-14)的外壁与多个叶片(5-1)滑动连接，所述叶片(5-1)的外壁与外壳(1)的内壁贴合设置；所述石墨烯散热层(9)涂覆在外壳(1)、叶片(5-1)、转子(5-14)、内端盖(7)以及外端盖(6)的外壁上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述外壳(1)外壁对称设有两个安装耳，每个所述安装耳上均设有螺栓孔一(1-1)，外壳(1)的壳体内对称设有两个外壳油口(1-2)，所述外壳油口(1-2)一端贯穿外壳(1)的内壁设置，并另一端贯穿外壳(1)的安装端面设置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述转子(5-14)的外壁设有多个滑槽(5-12)，所述叶片(5-1)的一端插入对应的滑槽(5-12)内，并通过弹簧(5-13)与对应的滑槽(5-12)的槽底面弹性连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述轴杆(2)的一端加工有外螺纹(2-5)，并外壁设有两个轴肩(2-1)以及两个环槽(2-3)，所述两个轴肩(2-1)位于两个环槽(2-3)之间，每个轴肩(2-1)处均设有轴承(3)，每个所述环槽(2-3)内均设有挡圈(10)，轴杆(2)通过轴承(3)与转子(5-14)连接，所述挡圈(10)用于固定轴承(3)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述外端盖(6)以及内端盖(7)均套装在轴杆(2)的外侧，且均设有多组散热孔(6-5)，每组所述散热孔(6-5)均包括多个散热孔(6-5)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述外端盖(6)上的散热孔(6-5)与内端盖(7)上对应的散热孔(6-5)之间均设有散热管(7-6)。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一权利要求所述的一种用于直驱式电液伺服作动器的自旋转石墨烯散热装置，其特征在于：所述外端盖(6)的外端设有外风扇(8)。
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