CN113248501B - Cly系列化合物及其制备方法和制备药物的用途 - Google Patents
Cly系列化合物及其制备方法和制备药物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248501B CN113248501B CN202110668896.0A CN202110668896A CN113248501B CN 113248501 B CN113248501 B CN 113248501B CN 202110668896 A CN202110668896 A CN 202110668896A CN 113248501 B CN113248501 B CN 113248501B
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体涉及一种CLY系列化合物及其制备方法和制备药物的用途。
背景技术
黄褐斑是一种好发于中、青年女性的获得性色素障碍性疾病,其发病机制极为复杂,影响因素众多,各种原因所致的皮肤黑色素的沉积是引起黄褐斑直接原因。酪氨酸酶经过系列氧化反应后生成黑色素。酪氨酸在酪氨酸酶的作用下在黑素小体内被氧化成多巴,多巴进一步被多巴氧化酶氧化成多巴醌,多巴醌最终在酪氨酸酶的做一下氧化形成黑色素。在此过程中出现的系列氧化与抗氧化反应紊乱都可能引起和促进黄褐斑的发生和发展,酪氨酸增多是黄褐斑发病的主要物质基础。当系列氧化反应平衡紊乱时,体内生成氧自由基过量,同时超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等抗氧化酶活性降低,引起膜脂质过氧化,形成过氧化脂质,过氧化脂质不稳定,会迅速分解产生醛类,其终产物丙二醛(MDA)相应增多,并迅速攻击磷脂及蛋白质,导致色素细胞的氧化性损伤,促进了酪氨酸酶的氧化反应,使黑色素增多并沉积于皮肤基底层。黄褐斑容易反复出现,治疗困难。市场上真正能够解决黄褐斑的产品很少,而且色斑容易复发。氢醌是最早并最广泛应用的美白剂,但因皮肤色素分布不均,而且刺激性较强,甚至可能致癌等原因,在美白和黄褐斑的治疗中已被限制应用。
疤痕是物理、生物、化学等因素的损害作用于人体皮肤软组织,导致皮肤软组织的严重损伤而不能完全自行正常修复,转由纤维组织替代修复留下的即影响外观又影响功能的症状。疤痕给患者带来的是巨大的肉体痛苦和精神痛苦,尤其是烧伤、烫伤、严重外伤后遗留的疤痕。对于瘢痕的处理难度较大,目前只能做到使发红、发硬的疤痕变软、变浅,宽的疤痕变窄,粗的疤痕变细,还不能完全彻底消除疤痕。目前常用来治疗疤痕方法有:手术治疗、激光治疗、冷冻治疗和药物治疗等。常用的药物主要有:糖皮质激素和维甲酸。糖皮质激素有抗炎、抗病毒、抗休克等功能,并且有明显的抗组织纤维化的效应,但糖皮质激素长期使用毒副作用多。维甲酸是维生素A在体内代谢的中间产物,是维生素A类相关药物,维甲酸能减轻局部炎症,促进上皮细胞生长,减少胶原合成,使成纤维细胞的DNA合成减少,抑制细胞生长。维甲酸类药物浓度越大,抑制生长作用越明显。但维甲酸疗效有限,系统应用毒副作用也不少,外用对皮肤刺激明显,并随着浓度增加而增加。
斑秃(alopecia areata,AA)是一种非瘢痕性脱发,局部皮肤大体正常。通常情况下为突发的脱发斑,严重时可累及整个头皮,此时称为全秃(alopecia totalis,AT),当累及包括腋毛、阴毛在内的全身所有毛发时,称为普秃(alopecia universalis,AU),易给患者的容貌和心理带来严重的影响。严重斑秃常用的糖皮质激素,主要包括泼尼松龙、复方倍他米松等等,可以口服、外用或皮内注射。对于不适用糖皮质激素类药物的患者,可采用免疫抑制剂治疗,常见的药物有环孢素、甲氨蝶呤、糖皮质激素和免疫抑制剂,但这些药物副作用多。
雄激素源性秃发(AGA)是一种雄激素依赖性的遗传性毛发脱落,是常见病、多发病。多为20~30岁左右的男性发病。脱发主要在头顶部,多先从前额两侧发际开始,也有自顶部开始者。脱发区逐渐向上扩延,头发也渐变得稀少纤细,终而头顶部头发大部或全部脱落,但枕后及双侧颞上方头发依存,呈马蹄形外观,此带形区内头发保持正常。脱发处皮肤光亮,毛孔缩小或残留少许细软毳毛。脱发的速度、范围和严重程度,受遗传和个体影响。一般30岁左右发展最快,严重全秃者少见。女性多为发生于头顶的弥漫性脱发,头顶头发变稀疏。我国流行病学调查显示男性雄激素性脱发患病率为21.3%,女性为6.0%。雄激素性脱发的病因及发病机制尚不明确,一般认为雄激素及其受体在本病的发生中起关键作用,Ⅱ型5a-还原酶是其发病的重要因素。正常生理状态下,雄激素在体内对毛发的生长发育起一定的刺激促进作用,但在某些特定部位能诱导毛发脱失;睾酮是体内主要的雄激素,它经5a-还原酶转化为二氢睾酮,后者可引起终毛向毳毛转变,最终导致脱发。目前尚无理想治疗方法。
痤疮(俗称青春豆)是好发于毛囊皮脂腺的慢性炎症性疾病,发病率约9.4%。痤疮的产生与青春期皮肤的生理病理变化密切相关。临床表现主要有粉刺、丘疹、脓疱、结节、囊肿、疤痕等,给患者的容貌和心理带来严重的影响。痤疮与多个发病机制相关,毛囊口角化异常形成粉刺是本病发病的重要基础,炎症和感染是痤疮的发病因素。痤疮患者的皮脂腺较大,皮脂腺分泌增加,皮脂中亚油酸水平相对减少,影响脂肪的合成,导致滤泡上皮缺乏脂肪酸,从而诱导滤泡过度角化,使上皮细胞不能正常脱落,毛囊皮脂腺口过度变小,皮脂不能顺畅排出,形成粉刺。毛囊皮脂腺口被堵塞而形成毛囊皮脂腺内缺氧的环境,造成厌氧性的痤疮丙酸杆菌大量繁殖,分解皮脂,产生化学趋化因子,白细胞聚集形成丘疹。毛囊皮脂腺内的大量中性粒细胞聚集,吞咽痤疮丙酸杆菌后发生炎症反应,使得大量脓细胞堆积而形成脓疱、囊肿,愈后易形成凹陷性疤痕。目前临床上消除角栓和粉刺的药物主要是维甲酸类药物。维甲酸类药物可抑制角化,减少皮脂分泌,促进角质形成细胞的正常角化,并具有调节免疫和抗炎作用,从而减少粉刺、丘疹和脓疱的形成。但维甲酸类药物外用对皮肤有刺激,容易导致红肿、刺痛,加重原有皮损,长期外用维甲酸类药物可导致皮肤变薄,光敏和皮肤屏障受损等,而口服维甲酸类药物有肝损和血脂升高等不良反应。
银屑病是一种常见的慢性复发性炎症性皮肤病,从世界范围看,银屑病患者在自然人群中的患病率为0.1%~3%。其特征为红色或棕褐色斑丘疹或斑块,表面覆盖着银白色鳞屑,边界清楚,多半发生于头皮及四肢伸面,部分患者有脓疱性损害或关节炎症状,或是全身皮肤发红、脱屑而呈红皮症。银屑病的病程往往持久或屡次复发。中重度患者伴发代谢综合征和心血管损害的风险增加。目前治疗情况:糖皮质激素霜剂或软膏效果较好,但不宜长期、连续大面积使用;维A酸霜剂治疗斑块型银屑病效果较好,但具皮肤刺激,影响长期使用;维生素D3衍生物如钙泊三醇不宜用于面部和皮肤皱褶部;钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂(如他克莫司、吡美莫司乳膏或软膏等)可用于头皮、皮肤褶皱、生殖器等部位,但长期、大面积使用可增加淋巴癌和皮肤癌的发生风险;各种角质促成剂(如焦油制剂、蒽林软膏、10%~15%喜树碱软膏及水杨酸软膏等)也可外用,但效果有限。免疫抑制药主要用于红皮病型、脓疱型及关节病型银屑病,但长期使用不良反应多,常见有骨髓抑制,肝肾功能损伤、感染风险增加等。
湿疹(又名:特应性皮炎、异位性皮炎)是由多种内外因素引起的瘙痒剧烈的一种皮肤炎症反应。分急性、亚急性、慢性三期。急性期具渗出倾向,慢性期则浸润、肥厚。有些病人直接表现为慢性湿疹。皮损具有多形性、对称性、瘙痒和易反复发作等特点。湿疹病因复杂,治疗好转后仍易反复发作,难根治。
对于上述疾病,目前的治疗方法远不能满足临床需求,需要寻找更多疗效好、副作用少、价格便宜的新药来控制疾病进展,减少复发和并发症的发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供具有药用价值的CLY系列化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述化合物的制备方法。
本发明的进一步的目的在于提供上述化合物的用途。
本发明的目的可以通过以下措施达到:
本发明提供具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,
式I
其中:
R1是取代或未取代的吡啶基、异喹啉基或吡咯并吡啶基;所述取代基为H、氯或(C1-C4)烷基;
R2是H、卤素、羟基、甲氧基、氨基或甲基;
其中:
R6和R8各自独立地是H、甲基、卤素或(C1-C4)烷基,且R6和R8不同时是卤素;优选地,R6是H或甲基,且R8是H;
R7是羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R10和R 11各自独立地是H、(C1-C4)烷基或(C3-C6)环烷基;
R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或(C1-C3)烷基;
R13是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4))烷基;
R14是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R15是羟基、四唑基、(C1-C2)烷基磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基,且R16是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基。
在一些实施例中,R1是异喹啉-1-基,且R1任选地被氯或甲基单取代。
在一些实施例中,R2是H、羟基或甲基。
在一些实施例中,R1是取代或未取代的吡啶基或吡咯并吡啶基;所述取代基为H、氯或甲基。
在一些实施例中,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基;在一些实施例中,R12选自H。
本发明提供具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,
式I-a
其中,
其中:R6和R8各自独立地是H、甲基、卤素或(C1-C4)烷基,且R6和R8不同时是卤素;优选地,R6是H或甲基,且R8是H;
R7是羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷氧基或(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷氧基;
Rl0和R 11各自独立地是H、(C1-C4)烷基或(C3-C6)环烷基;
R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或(C1-C3)烷基;
R13是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R14是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基;
R15是羟基、四唑基、(C1-C2)烷基磺酰基或三氟甲基磺酰基,且R16是H、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基或(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基。
在一些实施例中,具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,R6是H,且R8是H。
在一些实施例中,具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基;在一些实施例中,R12选自H。
本发明提供具有式I-b结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,
式I-b
其中,
在一些实施例中,具有式I-b结构的化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基;在一些实施例中,R12选自H。
在一些具体实施例中,本发明提供以下化合物,其互变异构体、其溶剂化物或其药学上可接受的盐,但不局限于以下化合物范围:
本发明还提供式I所示化合物的制备方法:
其中,R1、R2、R3、R4定义如上所述。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,以本发明所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐为活性成分或主要活性成分,辅以药学上可接受的载体组成。
本发明还提供本发明所述化合物在制备治疗和/或预防疾病药物中的应用。
在一些实施例中,本发明提供本发明所述化合物在制备治疗和/或预防黄褐斑、疤痕、雄性激素性脱发、脂溢性脱发、痤疮、银屑病、湿疹或特应性皮炎等疾病的药物中的应用。
本发明所述的化合物或组合物可制备为药学上允许的任何剂型,例如为适于口服、肠胃外、腹膜内、静脉内、动脉内、透皮、舌下、肌内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、阴道、眼内、局部、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内或鞘内任意给药方式的制剂。
在一种优选的实施方式中,本发明所述的剂型为膏剂、搽剂、洗剂、喷雾剂、片剂、冲剂、口服液剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、灌肠剂、膜剂或注射剂。
说明书中的定义:
“C5~C6一元醇”表示被一个羟基取代的含有5或6个碳原子的饱和的脂烃基,包括直链和支链基团。
“杂环”表示4到7个环原子的饱和环状基团,其中一个或两个或三个环原子是选自N、O或S(O)m(其中m是0至2的整数)的杂原子,其余环原子是C,其中一个或两个C原子可以可选地被羰基代替。杂环基的环可以可选地独立地被一个、两个或三个取代基取代。
“烷基”表示1-20个碳原子的饱和的脂烃基,包括直链和支链基团(本申请书中提到的数字范围,例如“1-4”,是指该基团,此时为烷基,可以含1个碳原子、2个碳原子、3个碳原子或4个碳原子。烷基可以是取代的或未取代的。
“环烷基”表示全部为碳的单环或稠合的环(“稠合”环意味着系统中的每个环与系统中的其它环共享毗邻的一对碳原子)基团,其中一个或多个环不具有完全连接的π电子系统,环烷基的实例包括不限于环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷、环戊烯、环己烷、金刚烷、环己二烯、环庚烷和环庚三烯。
“烷氧基”表示-O-(未取代的烷基)或-O-(未取代的环烷基)。代表性实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、环丙氧基、环丁氧基、环戊氧基、环己氧基等。
“烷氨基”表示-NH-(未取代的烷基)、-NH-(未取代的环烷基)、-N-(未取代的烷基)2或-N-(未取代的环烷基)2。代表性实例包括但不限于甲氨基、乙氨基、丙氨基、丁氨基、环丙氨基、环丁氨基、环戊氨基、环己氨基等。
“(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基”表示(C1-C4)烷基-O-C(O)-O-(C1-C4)烷基-。
“(C1-C4)烷基羰基氧基(C1-C4)烷基”-表示(C1-C4)烷基C(O)-O-(C1-C4)烷基-。本发明的化合物CLY系列或其药学上可接受的盐可应用于制药领域,动物模型实验表明,化合物CLY系列均能明显减少黄褐斑鼠模型皮肤和血中的酪氨酸酶水平,减少皮肤中肝细胞因子(SCF)、C-kit蛋白表达,抑制黄褐斑的色素形成;能明显促进皮肤创面愈合,减少疤痕形成;能够明显促进雄激素性脱发鼠模型的毛发生长,减少雄激素对毛囊的破坏;CLY系列能够明显抑制银屑病和湿疹小鼠模型的炎症反应。由于许多疾病的具有共同的发病通路,该化合物的药效包括但不限于以上疾病。该化合物可以单独使用也可以联合其他药物使用,为以上疾病的治疗提供了新的药物选择。
附图说明
图1 CLY系列化合物能够明显减轻小鼠银屑病样炎症反应。
图2 CLY-2核磁检测结果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明,凡在本发明的构思前提下对本发明制备方法的简单改进都属于本发明的保护范围之内。下面实施例未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照本领域的公知手段。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到的。
实施例1 :制备(R)-4-(3H- [1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1-甲基哌啶- 3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称CLY-1)和(R)-4-(3H- [1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(1-乙基哌啶- 3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称CLY-2)的方法:
1、合成线路
2、具体实施方式:
(1)(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯的合成
(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基哌啶、2-溴-3-氯吡啶、叔丁醇钠,二氧六环加入到250ml容器瓶中,氮气保护,开启搅拌,加入RuPhosPd G3、配体RuPhos,加热至100℃,反应7小时,停止反应,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯分次萃取,合并乙酸乙酯层后,用水3次洗涤,回收乙酸乙酯层后得到残留膏状物,用硅胶拌样,经硅胶柱层析得到(R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。
(2)哌啶酰胺的合成
4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸加入到容器瓶中,加入预干燥的甲苯, N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,氯化亚砜于30℃加热搅拌至澄清,减压回收溶剂得到残留固体。加入预干燥四氢呋喃50ml, (R)-3-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,搅拌至澄清,置冰水浴,加入双三甲基硅基胺基锂,搅拌1小时,撤去冰水浴,搅拌2小时,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取,洗涤乙酸乙酯层后,减压回收溶剂得到膏状物。
(3)哌啶胺的合成
哌啶酰胺,二氯甲烷,三氟乙酸,室温搅拌过夜。倒入水中,加碳酸氢钠调节pH=10~11,用二氯甲烷萃取,洗涤后,减压回收溶剂,得到膏状残留,经硅胶柱层析得到哌啶胺。
(4)CLY-1的合成
取哌啶胺于二氯甲烷中溶解,加入碘甲烷,碳酸银室温避光搅拌48小时,反应液直接上硅胶柱层析得到CLY-1。
CLY-1的核磁共振数据Chemical Formula: C23H22ClN7O
氢谱d4-MeOH:8.83 (1H), 8.60 (1H), 8.54 (1H), 8.29 (2H), 7.82(1H),7.61(3H), 7.42 (1H), 5.06(1H), 3.82(1H), 3.63(1H), 3.39 (1H), 2.95 (1H), 2.40−1.87(6H), 1.55−1.41 (1H)。
(5)CLY-2的合成
取哌啶胺于二氯甲烷中溶解,加入碘乙烷,碳酸银室温避光搅拌48小时,反应液直接上硅胶柱层析得到CLY-2。CLY-2质谱见图2。
参照同样的方法还可以合成以下表1化合物:
表1
实施例2:(R)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(吡咯烷-3-基)-3-(1H-四唑-5-基)苯甲酰胺(简称CLY-8)的合成
步骤1,同实施例3可以得到(R)-3-(N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-氰基苯甲酰胺基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯。
步骤2,将(R)-3-(N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-氰基苯甲酰胺基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯4.2克,叠氮钠1克,三乙胺盐酸盐2克,加入到50mlN,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,于100℃搅拌反应20小时后冷却,倒入200ml水中,滴加浓盐酸至pH2-3,过滤得到固体,用水洗涤后,烘干。使用二氯甲烷50ml,甲醇ml溶解后,加入浓度为4mol/L的氯化氢二氧六环溶液10ml室温搅拌过夜,减压浓缩得到固体经硅胶层析得到(R)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(吡咯烷-3-基)-3-(1H-四唑-5-基)苯甲酰胺2.7克,MS (ES+) :370 (M+H)。
Chemical Formula: C17H16ClN7O
Molecular Weight: 369.81
氢谱CDCl3中数据:0.77(1H),2.29(2H),2.59(2H),3.29(2H),4.53(1H),6.92(1H),7.24(1H),7.43(1H),7.63(1H),7.83(1H),8.21(1H),8.64(1H),8.72(1H)。
参照同样的方法还可以合成以下表2化合物:
表2
实施例3:(R)-4-(3H- [1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(四氢-2H- 吡喃-3-基)苯甲酰胺(简称CLY-19)的合成。
步骤1:(R)-3-氯-N-(四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)吡啶-2-胺的合成。
(R)-四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺10.1克、2-溴-3-氯吡啶14.0克、叔丁醇钠12.0克,四氢呋喃100ml加入到250ml三口瓶中,氮气保护,开启搅拌,加入0.1克乙酸钯、1,1‘-联-2-萘酚,三(二甲氨基)膦,加热至65℃,反应12小时,停止反应,倒入500ml水中,用乙酸乙酯1000ml分次萃取,合并乙酸乙酯层后,用水200*3洗涤,回收乙酸乙酯层后得到残留膏状物,用硅胶拌样,经硅胶柱层析得到(R)-3-氯-N-(四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)吡啶-2-胺约8克。
步骤2:
4-(3H-[1,2,3]三氮唑[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)苯甲酸5克在50ml二氯甲烷中,加入草酰氯2.5ml和催化剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺0.2ml,在室温反应至澄清,减压回收溶剂后,残留物加入四氢呋喃50ml溶剂,加入上一步产物(R)-3-氯-N-(四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)吡啶-2-胺4克的四氢呋喃溶液,置冰水浴降温至5℃以下,加入双(三甲基硅基)胺基锂1M溶液20ml,室温搅拌反应过夜,倒入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取100ml*3,水洗涤后减压回收乙酸乙酯后得到残留物经柱层析,得到(R)-4-(3H- [1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-N-(四氢-2H- 吡喃-3-基)苯甲酰胺约6克,MS (ES+) :435 (M+H)。
实施例4 :1-(5-(4-(4-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)((R)-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)- 2H-四唑-2-基)异丁酸乙酯(简称CLY-21)的合成。
步骤1:
(1)(R)-3-(((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯的合成。
(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基吡咯烷11.8克、2-溴-3-氯吡啶11.0克、叔丁醇钠10.0克,甲苯70ml加入到250ml三口瓶中,氮气保护,开启搅拌,加入0.1克乙酸钯、1,1‘-联-2-萘酚,三(二甲氨基)膦,加热至100℃,反应7小时,停止反应,倒入500ml水中,用乙酸乙酯1000ml分次萃取,合并乙酸乙酯层后,用水200*3洗涤,回收乙酸乙酯层后得到残留膏状物,用硅胶拌样,经硅胶柱层析得到(R)-3-(((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯约7克。
步骤2:
在0℃,向(R)-3-(((3-氯吡啶-2-基)氨基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯5克和4-溴苯甲酰氯4克在100ml四氢呋喃溶液中滴加1M双(三甲基硅基)胺基锂溶液20ml,室温搅拌过夜,用乙酸乙酯300ml稀释后,用水200ml*3洗涤,将乙酸乙酯层减压浓缩得到残留物柱层析,得到(R)-3-(4-溴-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)苯甲酰胺基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯约4克。
步骤3:(R)-3-(N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)苯甲酰胺)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯的制备
将(R)-3-(4-溴-N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)苯甲酰胺基)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯3克,双(频那醇合)二硼3克,醋酸钾2克加入到1,4-二氧六环30ml中搅拌,氮气保护,加入氯化钯0.6克,加热到100℃搅拌5小时,减压浓缩,残留物通过硅胶柱层析得到3.1克(R)-3-(N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)苯甲酰胺)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯。
步骤4:1-(5-(4-(4-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)((R)-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)- 2H-四唑-2-基)异丁酸乙酯的合成
将(R)-3-(N-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)苯甲酰胺)吡咯烷-1-羧酸叔丁酯3克,1-(5-(4-碘-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)-2H-四唑-2-基)异丁酸乙酯2.5克,磷酸三钾5克,甲烷磺酸(2-二环己基膦基-2',6'-二甲氧基-1,1'-联苯基)(2'-氨基-1,1'-联苯-2-基)钯(II) 0.1g加入到50%1,4-二氧六环水溶液中,在氮气保护下,于100℃反应5小时。反应液降到室温后,用200ml乙酸乙酯稀释,分取乙酸乙酯层,用水100ml*3洗涤后,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压回收乙酸乙酯得到残留物。将残留物用30ml二氯甲烷溶解,加入4mol/L, 1,4-二氧六环氯化氢溶液4ml,搅拌2小时,减压回收溶剂至干,用硅胶层析分离得到1-(5-(4-(4-((3-氯吡啶-2-基)((R)-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酰基)苯基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基)- 2H-四唑-2-基)异丁酸乙酯约0.5克。MS (ES+) :565 (M+H)。
实施例5:大鼠药代动力学性质研究
1.实验方法:
购买雄性SD大鼠随机分配,将以上每个化合物试验用的12只大鼠再随机分成两组,其中6只大鼠分别采用静脉注射给药(1mg/kg),给药后0.0833、0.25、0.5、1、2、4、6、8和24h分别采血并分离出血浆,另外6只大鼠采用灌胃给药(5mg/kg),给药后0.25、0.5、1、2、4、6、8和24h分别采血并分离血浆。采用LC/MS/MS法测定每种化合物在血浆中的浓度,并用Phocnix WinNonlin 6.2.1软件计算相关药代动力学参数,计算其在雄性SD大鼠中的生物利用度,评价每种化合物的药代动力学性质。
实验结果
以上所有化合物中,化合物CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-5、CLY-8、CLY-11、CLY-12、CLY-15、CLY-16、CLY-17、CLY-18、 CLY-20在雄性SD大鼠中生物利用度较好,分别为69.8%、72.6%、69.5%、59.5%、53.8%、68.3%、52.5%、46.9%、49.6%、66.3%、48.5%、42.6%、46.2%,说明化合物CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-5、CLY-8、CLY-11、CLY-12、CLY-15、CLY-16、CLY-17、CLY-18、 CLY-20具有良好的药代动力学性质,其中CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-8、CLY-16具有的药代动力学性质最优,因此在部分实施例中选取CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8、CLY-16作为代表研究CLY系列化合物的药物用途。
实施例6 :化合物CLY对豚鼠黄褐斑模型的影响
1.实验方法
1.1实验材料
1.1.1试剂:黄体酮(20 mg/ml)购自上海通用药业股份有限公司,熊果苷软膏购自上海新先锋药业有限公司,酪氨酸、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)试剂盒购自南京建成生物工程研究所。
1.1.2仪器:DY89-Ⅱ型电动玻璃匀浆机购自宁波新兰生物科技股份有限公司,系统生物显微镜(Image-Pro Plus 6.0)购自美国Media Cybernetics公司。
1.1.3实验动物:SPF级健康纯系雌性豚鼠,体重(230±30)g,来源于上海斯莱克实验动物技术有限公司。
1.1.4治疗乳膏制备方法:赋形剂基质组成成分包括甲基硅油 (15%)、硬脂酸(6%)、白凡士林 (5%)、液体石蜡 (5%)、十八醇 (5%)、甘油 (20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚(1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807 (1%)、尼泊金乙酯 (0.1%)、蒸馏水 (约31-55%),分别与适量CLY系列化合物混匀形成0.25%混合乳剂。本实施例所用的乳膏基质是指乳膏除去活性成分的基质成分。
1.2动物分组与造模
按体重编号,采用随机排列表法分为模型对照组(涂抹乳膏基质)、空白对照组(涂抹乳膏基质)、CLY-1治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-1乳膏)、CLY-2治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25%CLY-2乳膏)、CLY-3治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-3乳膏)、CLY-4治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25%CLY-4乳膏)、CLY-8治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-8乳膏)、CLY-16治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25%CLY-8乳膏)、阳性治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25%熊果苷乳膏),每组6只。除了空白对照组外,其余各组豚鼠均于后腿根部肌内注射20mg/ml黄体酮注射液(7.5mg/kg),每天1 次,连续注射30d建立黄褐斑模型。豚鼠背部模型区域皮肤呈均一稳定、边界清晰的深褐色色斑为模型复制成功。造模后,模型对照组、空白对照组、CLY-1治疗组、CLY-2治疗组、CLY-3治疗组、CLY-4治疗组、CLY-8治疗组、CLY-16治疗组、阳性治疗组豚鼠背部涂抹相应乳膏进行干预,每天1次,连续30天。
1.3观察指标
(1)酪氨酸、MDA含量,SOD活性测定
所有豚鼠取备用皮肤组织1块用预冷生理盐水冲洗,除去皮下脂肪及其他结缔组织后拭干,每块皮肤组织各切取0.5g,再分别放入盛有2.0 ml预冷生理盐水的5根小试管内,高速分散机以10 r/min的速度匀浆,持续10s,重复1次,再以3500 r/m速度离心15 min,取上清液。酪氨酸测定采用高效液相法,MDA测定用硫代巴比妥酸法,SOD测定用黄嘌呤氧化酶法,按试剂盒说明书检测酪氨酸、MDA含量及SOD活性。
(2)皮肤黑色素细胞的病理形态学观察
所有豚鼠取备用皮肤组织1块,约2 cm×1 cm,10%多聚甲醛固定,病理组织检测,免疫组织化学染色,观察黑色素细胞染色和数目,并根据文献判断阳性细胞:无,0分;<15%,0.5分;<30%,1分;>30%,2分。每张切片分别观察5个视野,找到皮肤表皮和附件上皮细胞胞浆中呈现棕色反应的阳性目标后,用BX50F4北航病理图像分析系统定量分析,得到每只豚鼠5个视野黑色素阳性目标的平均面积、目标与统计场面积之比(面密度)、目标个数与统计场面积之比(数密度)、平均灰度、平均光密度及积分光密度。
1.4统计学方法
采用SPSS16.0软件统计,计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组间比较用t检验,P <0.05为差异有统计学意义。
实验结果
(1)各组豚鼠酪氨酸、MDA 含量及SOD 活性
各组豚鼠酪氨酸、MDA 含量及SOD 活性检测结果见表3。模型组豚鼠皮肤酪氨酸、MDA含量均高于空白组,SOD活性低于空白组,说明皮肤黄褐斑模型建立成功;与模型组比较,CLY-1治疗组、CLY-2治疗组、CLY-3治疗组、CLY-4治疗组、CLY-8治疗组、CLY-16治疗组和阳性治疗组皮肤中酪氨酸、MDA含量较低,而SOD 活性则升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
表3各组豚鼠酪氨酸、MDA含量及SOD活性比较情况
*为与模型组比较P<0.05。
(2)各组豚鼠黑色素细胞的面积、数量及深浅度
各组豚鼠黑色素细胞的面积、数量及深浅度见表4和表5。与空白组比较,模型组豚鼠皮肤黑色素沉着面积增大、黑色素细胞个数增多,光密度变大,着色变深;与模型组比较,PCSK9抑制剂治疗组和阳性治疗组豚鼠皮肤的黑色素沉着面积缩小、黑色素细胞个数减少,光密度变小,着色变浅,以PCSK9小分子化合物抑制剂组为最明显。
表4各组豚鼠黑色素细胞的面积、数量比较
*为与模型组比较P<0.05。
表5各组豚鼠黑色素细胞深浅度比较
*为与模型组比较P<0.05。
实验结论
CLY-1、CLY-2、 CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8 和CLY-16能通过提高皮肤组织中SOD酶活性,降低酪氨酸、MDA的含量,抑制黑色素细胞和黑色素瘤细胞的酪氨酸酶活性,增强皮肤细胞的氧化还原反应,减少自由基产生,抑制黑色素的形成,从而治疗黄褐斑。
实施例7化合物CLY对大鼠疤痕模型的影响
1.实验方法
1.1 治疗乳膏制备方法:赋形剂基质组成成分包括甲基硅油 (15%)、硬脂酸(6%)、白凡士林 (5%)、液体石蜡 (5%)、十八醇 (5%)、甘油 (20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚(1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807 (1%)、尼泊金乙酯 (0.1%)、蒸馏水 (约31-55%),分别与适量CLY系列化合物混匀形成混合乳剂。本实施例所用的乳剂基质是指乳剂除去活性成分的基质成分。
1.2实验动物分组与造模:SPF级雄性大鼠,体重(210±28)g,来源于南医大动物中心。大鼠按体重编号,采用随机排列表法模型对照组(涂抹乳膏基质)、CLY-1治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5% CLY-1乳膏)、CLY-2治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5% CLY-2乳膏)、CLY-3治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5% CLY-3乳膏)、CLY-4治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5% CLY-4乳膏)、CLY-8治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5%CLY-8乳膏)、CLY-16治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.5% CLY-16乳膏),每组各6只。各组大鼠用2%戊巴比妥钠(120 mg/kg)腹腔注射麻醉后固定于手术台上,然后在其背部中左侧选择一块4×5cm的完整皮肤,8%硫化钠脱毛,用组织剪在脱毛处各剪成一直径为2.4cm圆形深达肌筋膜的伤口,破坏部分肌肉表面筋膜。动物分笼饲养防止大鼠撕咬、舔蹭。创面每日涂2%碘酊常规消毒,观察大鼠创面愈合情况。
实验结果
2 .1 大鼠创面观测结果
创面每天常规消毒,第1d、3d、5d、7d、12d、20d观察大鼠创面。自第5天开始CLY-1治疗组、CLY-2治疗组、CLY-3治疗组、CLY-8治疗组和CLY-16治疗组伤口恢复速度明显比模型组快,创面面积逐渐变小。第12天,CLY-1治疗组、CLY-2治疗组、CLY-3治疗组、CLY-4治疗组、CLY-8治疗组和CLY-16治疗组创面已经基本恢复,而模型组仍有约0.5cm2大小的创面。到第20天时,各组创面均已经恢复,模型对照组留下明显疤痕,而CLY-1治疗组、CLY-2治疗组、CLY-3治疗组、CLY-4治疗组、CLY-8治疗组和CLY-16治疗组只留下数量不等的色素沉着。
实验结论
CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8和CLY-16均能明显促进皮肤创面愈合,减少疤痕(瘢痕)形成。
实施例8 化合物CLY系列对大鼠脱发模型的影响
1.实验方法
1.1材料
(1)化合物CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8、CLY-16酊制备方法:75%乙醇分别与适量化合物CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8、CLY-16混匀配制成不同浓度的酊剂。
(2)阳性治疗药:5%米诺地尔酊(商品名:蔓迪,浙江万马药业有限公司)
(3)实验动物:SPF级Wistar大鼠,雄性,来源于上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司。
1.2动物分组与造模
Wistar大鼠按照体重随机分为阴性对照组(外用75%乙醇)、模型组(外用75%乙醇)、阳性对照组(外用5%米诺地尔酊)、CLY-1外用治疗组(外用5% CLY-1酊)、CLY-2外用治疗组(外用5% CLY-2酊)、CLY-3外用治疗组(外用5% CLY-3酊)、CLY-4外用治疗组(外用5%CLY-4酊)、CLY-8外用治疗组(外用5% CLY-8酊)、CLY-16外用治疗组(外用5% CLY-16酊),CLY-1静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d)、CLY-2静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d)、CLY-3静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d)、CLY-4静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d)、CLY-8静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d)、CLY-16静脉注射组(2mg/kg.d),每组各10只。实验前每只大鼠选取背部4cmx5cm面积的区域将毛脱去作为观察区。除阴性对照组外,大鼠颈后皮下注射丙酸睾酮注射液[5ml/(kg·d)],每天1次,连续60d,建立SA模型。连续皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮4周后大鼠逐渐出现毛发脱落.残存毛发变得纤细、质脆,证明脱发模型成功建立。同时皮肤涂抹给药,均按1 mL/(只·次)分别涂抹对应药物组大鼠背部观察区,每日2次,给药间隔8h。静脉给药每日一次。阴性对照组和模型对照组涂抹75%乙醇溶液,1 mL/(只·次),每日2次,连续60d。
1.3 观察指标及测试方法
给药每15天于每只大鼠背部观察区拔取10根毛发,用游标卡尺测量毛发长度。给药60d后,取实验观察区皮肤,进行常规组织脱水、石蜡包埋、HE染色,光镜镜检,观察大鼠皮肤毛囊和皮脂腺组织病理学改变。对各组病变进行半定量分析。分级标准如下:皮肤真皮组织细胞和皮下毛囊、皮脂腺结构正常记为“一”:皮肤真皮未见有增生,毛囊、皮脂腺病变局限,皮下未见有炎症记为“±”:皮肤真皮组织未见有明显增生,毛囊明显囊性变.皮脂腺未见有明显增生,皮下未见有炎症记为“+”:皮肤真皮组织有节段性增生,不明显,少部分毛囊有囊性变,皮脂腺有轻度增生肥大.皮下未见有明显炎症记为“++”:皮肤真皮组织细胞有不同程度节段性增生,部分毛囊囊性变,表现毛囊大小不均匀,周边部无细胞。皮脂腺有增生,增生腺体内细胞核较少,个别大鼠皮下有轻度炎性增生记为“+++”。
实验结果
2.1 CLY对大鼠毛发生长的影响
各治疗组大鼠在给药第15、30、45、60天的毛发长度均长于模型对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),与阳性治疗组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05) ,见表6。
表6 各组对大鼠毛发生长长度的影响
*与模型对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。
2.2 CLY对大鼠观察区皮肤组织真皮浅层毛囊形态的影响
模型组大鼠部分皮肤真皮组织细胞有不同程度节段性增厚,大鼠皮下有轻度淋巴细胞增生;部分大鼠皮下毛囊有明显囊性变,毛囊大小不等,增大毛囊腔内有脱落角化物.周边有轻度纤维化,毛囊周边细胞消失或细胞层次明显减少,腔内似有钙化物染成蓝色,皮脂腺数目增多,部分腺体有肥大,肥大腺体细胞核明显减少,正常毛囊数减少。各治疗组大鼠皮肤真皮组织细胞及皮下毛囊、皮脂腺病变与模型组比较有不同程度减轻。各治疗组大鼠皮肤损伤毛囊数与模型对照组比较均明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,各治疗组大鼠皮肤真皮组织细胞及皮下毛囊、皮脂腺病变明显减轻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与阳性治疗组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表7。
表7 各组对大鼠皮肤毛囊和皮脂腺的影响(只)
注:*为与模型对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。
实验结论
CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8、CLY-16无论外用还是系统应用均能明显促进鼠脱发模型的毛发生长,减轻对皮下毛囊和皮脂腺的损伤。
实施例9 CLY系列对兔耳痤疮模型的影响
1.实验方法
1.1材料
(1)治疗乳膏制备方法:赋形剂基质组成成分包括甲基硅油 (15%)、硬脂酸(6%)、白凡士林 (5%)、液体石蜡 (5%)、十八醇 (5%)、甘油 (20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚(1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807 (1%)、尼泊金乙酯 (0.1%)、蒸馏水 (约31-55%),分别与适量CLY系列化合物混匀形成混合乳剂。本实施例所用的乳剂基质是指乳剂除去活性成分的基质成分。
(2)阳性治疗药:0.1%阿达帕林凝胶(商品名:达芙文,法国高德美制药公司生产)
(3)实验动物:普通级新西兰家兔,1.8~ 2.1 kg,雄性,来源于上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司。
1.2动物分组与造模
新西兰家兔按体重编号,采用随机排列表法分为模型对照组(涂抹乳膏基质)、空白对照组(涂抹乳膏基质)、阳性治疗组(皮肤涂抹达芙文)、CLY-1外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-1乳膏)、CLY-2外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-2乳膏)、CLY-3外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-3乳膏)、CLY-4外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-4乳膏)、CLY-8外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-8乳膏)、CLY-16外用治疗组(皮肤涂抹0.25% CLY-16乳膏)、CLY-1静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d),CLY-2静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d)、CLY-3静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d)、CLY-4静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d)、CLY-8静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d)、CLY-16静脉注射组(1mg/kg.d),每组各10只。取兔右耳内侧脱毛处理作为观察区,所有家兔左耳内侧作为自身阴性对照,涂抹95%酒精,模型组和治疗组右耳内侧均涂2%煤焦油(Alfa Aesar中国公司,用95%酒精配制成2%的煤焦油溶液),用无菌棉签均匀涂于家兔耳内侧面耳导管开口处约2 cm×2cm 范围,每天1次,每次0.5 mL,并且用温水擦拭前次涂药部位,连续涂14 d,建立痤疮微粉刺模型。肉眼观察局部皮肤的变化,包括耳厚薄、硬度、粗糙程度和毛囊口有无黑色角栓等。末次涂18h后处死取材,使用5 mm 打孔器在涂药部位打孔取皮肤组织,10%甲醛固定,石蜡包埋切片,HE染色后,进行病理组织学观察分析。
1.3观察指标
痤疮模型组织学判定分级标准:按组织学级别为3级。0级“一”为漏斗部仅有松散的角化的细胞,无粉刺生成;1级为兔耳表面皮肤发红,或毛囊漏斗部见少量致密角化物质,漏斗部不扩张“+”;2级为毛囊漏斗部见中等致密角化物质,并向皮脂腺延伸,伴随皮脂腺导管的增生,漏斗扩张“2+”;3级为毛囊内有广泛的角化物质,毛囊中紧密的角质栓塞引起毛囊重度扩张,皮脂腺导管上皮明显增生,皮肤凸起、瘢痕,部分皮脂腺发生退行变“3+”。
在显微镜下观察其组织病理改变情况,并用Biomias99图像分析系统测量一张切片上5处不同表皮的厚度,计算平均值;检测4张切片中位置相同而结构最完整的2个毛囊的面积和4个皮脂腺的直径,计算各自的平均值,然后将各组兔左、右外耳道数据相减,即得各兔的左、右耳表皮厚度差、毛囊面积差和皮脂腺直径差。
1.4统计学处理
用SPSS16软件进行统计分析。自身左右对照采用配对t检验,各组间比较用t检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
实验结果
肉眼观察:涂煤焦油14 d后,所有组兔左耳皮肤柔软,其外耳道毛囊口排列整齐,未见粉刺、丘疹及脓疱等。模型对照组兔右耳涂煤焦油后耳厚度增加、皮肤变硬,表面粗燥,大部分毛囊口见黑头粉刺,毛囊口隆起呈丘疹,触之较硬,部分融合成片。各外用治疗组右耳表现为皮肤轻度粗燥肥厚,可见少量黑头粉刺。各静脉注射组均表现为兔右耳大部分毛囊性丘疹消退,皮肤变薄柔软,粉刺明显减少,毛孔明显缩小,无脱屑,基本接近正常兔耳。阳性治疗组兔右耳与左耳相比,皮肤轻度发红,有少许脱屑,可见少量粉刺。
组织切片观察:模型组左耳显示表皮较薄,可见毛囊,真皮与表皮交界清楚。模型组右耳造模后见表皮增厚,角化过度,颗粒层和棘层增厚,有角栓堵塞毛囊口,毛囊扩大,并向皮脂腺延伸,毛囊漏斗部充满角化物质,使毛囊漏斗部扩大呈壶状;真皮浅层毛细血管扩张,毛囊周围散在炎症细胞浸润,有少量中性粒细胞;皮脂腺数量增多,皮脂腺体积增大。
各组镜下实验性粉刺组织学分级(见表8):模型组兔右耳(实验对照)与其左耳(空白对照)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明兔耳痤疮模型造模成功;各治疗组兔右耳与模型组兔右耳进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),说明阳性对照组、各治疗组均能改善痤疮皮损。
表8 各组痤疮粉刺的组织学分级
如表9所示,模型组兔右耳(实验对照)表皮厚度、毛囊画积和皮脂腺直径与其左耳(空白对照)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),证明兔耳痤疮模型复制成功;各治疗组兔右耳表皮厚度、毛囊画积和皮脂腺直径与模型组兔右耳进行比较均有减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示阳性对照组、各治疗组均能改善痤疮皮肤病理损害。
表9各组耳表皮厚度、毛囊面积和皮脂腺直径
*为与模型组右耳比较P<0.05。
实验结论
化合物CLY-1、CLY-2、CLY-3、CLY-4、CLY-8、CLY-16无论外用或者系统治疗均能明显减轻兔耳痤疮模型症状,减少毛孔堵塞和粉刺形成,显示对痤疮具有明显的治疗作用。
实施例10 化合物CLY抑制小鼠银屑病样炎症反应
1、材料:
阳性药(糖皮质激素药):糠酸莫米松乳膏(艾洛松),上海先灵葆雅制药有限公司产品。
动物:SPF级健康纯系小鼠(C57BL/6);8周龄。
CLY乳膏制备方法:基质组成成分包括甲基硅油 (15%)、硬脂酸 (6%)、白凡士林(5%)、液体石蜡 (5%)、十八醇 (5%)、甘油 (20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚 (1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807 (1%)、尼泊金乙酯 (0.1%)、蒸馏水 (约31-55%),与适量CLY系列化合物液形成混合乳剂。
本实施例所用的乳膏基质是指CLY乳膏除去活性成分的基质成分。
实验方法:
(1)购SPF级雌性C57BL/6小鼠8周龄36只,随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组(外用艾洛松乳膏)、CLY-1治疗组(外用0.5% CLY-1乳膏)、CLY-2治疗组(外用0.5% CLY-2乳膏)、CLY-16治疗组(外用0.5%CLY-16乳膏),各5只。戊巴比妥钠 80 mg /kg腹腔注射麻醉后,背部剃毛,面积约为2cm×3cm,单笼饲养1天。
(2)空白对照组局部涂抹凡士林,模型组、阳性对照组和CLY治疗组背部每日定时涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏62.5mg,连续6天,每天拍照,进行PASI评分。
(3)在造模第1天,空白对照组和模型组外用乳膏基质,每天2次,治疗组外用0.5%CLY乳膏,每天2次。
实验结果:
(1)如图1所示,连续涂抹5%咪喹莫特乳膏6天后,模型组小鼠的背部涂药区域均出现明显红斑、鳞屑及浸润,而CLY治疗组小鼠的背部涂药区域的红斑、鳞屑及浸润均明显比模型组轻微,治疗组的红斑、鳞屑及浸润接近阳性药治疗组。说明CLY系列化合物能够明显抑制银屑病样小鼠模型的炎症反应,治疗效果与糖皮质激素药相当。
实施例11 CLY抑制小鼠湿疹模型的炎症反应
1、实验材料:
卵清蛋白(OVA):PBS配成20 g/L,保存于-20℃。
卡泊三醇搽剂(达力士搽剂):丹麦利奥制药有限公司产品。
阳性药(糖皮质激素药):糠酸莫米松乳膏(艾洛松),上海先灵葆雅制药有限公司产品。
CLY乳膏制备方法:基质组成成分包括甲基硅油 (15%)、硬脂酸 (6%)、白凡士林(5%)、液体石蜡 (5%)、十八醇 (5%)、甘油 (20%)、烷基芳基聚乙醇醚 (1%)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 (1%)、吐温-807 (1%)、尼泊金乙酯 (0.1%)、蒸馏水 (约31-55%),与适量CLY系列化合物液形成混合乳剂。本实施例所用的乳膏基质是指CLY乳膏除去活性成分的基质成分。
动物:SPF级健康纯系小鼠(C57BL/6);8周龄。
实验方法:
购SPF级雌性C57BL/6小鼠8周龄(0.02kg)30只,每组6只,随机分为空白对照组(6只)、模型组(6只)、阳性药组(6只)、CLY-1治疗组(外用0.1% CLY-1乳膏)、CLY-2治疗组(外用0.1% CLY-2乳膏或0.5% CLY-8乳膏)、CLY-3治疗组(外用0.1% CLY-3乳膏)、CLY-4治疗组(外用0.1% CLY-4乳膏)、CLY-8治疗组(外用0.1% CLY-8乳膏)、CLY-16治疗组(外用0.1%CLY-16乳膏)。
造模:正常对照组小鼠两侧耳部涂抹75%乙醇14.3ul,同时模型组、阳性药组和个治疗组每日定时先在两侧耳部涂抹1 nmoI/L卡泊三醇搽剂14.3ul,风干后涂抹20 g/L的OVA 25ul,每日1次,连续涂抹12 d造模。
造模开始后4天起,在空白对照组和模型组小鼠耳部皮肤上涂抹乳膏基质,阳性药组小鼠耳部皮肤上涂抹艾洛松,各治疗组小鼠耳部皮肤上分别涂抹治疗乳膏,每天早晚2次,连续10天,每天拍照,进行评分。
分别在造模前和第14天用耳厚度测量仪测量记录小鼠耳廓厚度。于第14天测量完毕后脱颈处死小鼠,取血,分离血清。
用兔抗小鼠白介素(IL)-4抗体包被酶标板,4℃过夜,按照ELISA试剂盒说明书操作染色并终止反应,检测血清IL-4水平。ELISA试剂盒均购自美国Raybiotech公司。
实验结果:
(1)小鼠耳厚度比较:造模前,各组间耳厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后,各组小鼠耳厚度见表10。模型组显著高于各治疗组、阳性药组和空白对照组(P均<0.01),阳性药组与各治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。
表10 造模后各组小鼠耳厚度
(2)血清IL-4浓度:造模前,各组间血清IL-4浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。造模后,各组小鼠外周血中血清IL-4水平见表11。模型组显著其他各组(P均<0.01),阳性药组与各治疗组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
表11 造模后各组小鼠外周血中IL-4水平
Claims (22)
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R2是H、羟基或甲基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R1的取代基为H、氯或甲基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R6是H或甲基,且R8是H。
5.根据权利要求1所述的具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基。
6.根据权利要求5所述的具有式I结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H。
8.根据权利要求7所述的具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基。
9.根据权利要求8所述的具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H。
10.根据权利要求7所述的具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R6是H或甲基,且R8是H。
11.根据权利要求10所述的具有式I-a结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R6是H,且R8是H。
13.根据权利要求12所述的具有式I-b结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H、卤素、-OH、-NH2或甲基。
14.根据权利要求13所述的具有式I-b结构的化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,R12选自H。
17.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,以权利要求1~15任一项所述化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐为活性成分或主要活性成分,辅以药学上可接受的载体组成。
18.权利要求1~15任一项所述化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求17所述的组合物在制备治疗和/或预防疾病药物中的应用。
19.权利要求1~15任一项所述化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求17所述的组合物在制备治疗和/或预防黄褐斑、疤痕、脱发、痤疮、银屑病或湿疹疾病的药物中的应用。
20.权利要求1~15任一项所述化合物,其互变异构体或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求17所述的组合物制备的药学上允许的任何剂型。
21.根据权利要求20所述剂型,其特征在于,为适于口服、肠胃外、腹膜内、静脉内、动脉内、皮肤外用、透皮、舌下、肌内、直肠、透颊、鼻内、吸入、阴道、眼内、局部、皮下、脂肪内、关节内、腹膜内或鞘内任意给药方式的制剂。
22.根据权利要求21所述剂型,其特征在于,所述的剂型为膏剂、搽剂、洗剂、喷雾剂、片剂、冲剂、口服液剂、胶囊剂、滴丸剂、灌肠剂、膜剂或注射剂。
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