CN113223617A - 一种筛选盐激活性pl7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法 - Google Patents
一种筛选盐激活性pl7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113223617A CN113223617A CN202110460916.5A CN202110460916A CN113223617A CN 113223617 A CN113223617 A CN 113223617A CN 202110460916 A CN202110460916 A CN 202110460916A CN 113223617 A CN113223617 A CN 113223617A
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- alginate lyase
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法。包括结合CAZy和NCBI数据库获取PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列集;再对其氨基酸序列信息进行分析,以盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活特征指数为筛选依据进行特征排序,盐激活特征指数小的为高盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶,盐激活特征指数大的为低盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶。所述方法借助于盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列偏好性质,通过数据库检索、特征值筛选等手段最终得到高效表达重组盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的基因工程菌,其表达的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶具有良好的盐环境适应性,可用于高盐环境下的褐藻胶生物催化降解。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物信息领域,尤其涉及一种筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法。
背景技术
褐藻胶是海带等大型褐藻细胞壁的重要组分,褐藻胶裂解酶可通过消去反应使褐藻胶多糖的β-1,4糖苷键断裂,可对褐藻有效脱胶和降粘,并产生富含褐藻寡糖的高活性海藻提取液,用于动物饲料添加剂或植物有机肥料。
相比物理降解法和化学降解法,酶解法具有反应条件温和、过程易于控制、底物特异性强、产率高和节能环保等优点,所以以酶解法为代表的生物降解必然会逐步取代传统的化学降解,在未来的商业生产中占据优势地位。褐藻胶裂解酶可以基于消去反应使褐藻胶多糖的β-1,4糖苷键断裂,形成具有双键的有多种生物活性的褐藻寡糖。褐藻胶裂解酶属于多糖降解酶Polysaccharide Lyase(PL)家族,主要包括第5、第6、第7、第14、第15、第17和第18家族,目前见报道最多的为PL7家族的褐藻胶裂解酶。
在海带等大型褐藻加工过程中,具有高盐激活性的褐藻胶裂解酶可以在含盐量高的海水介质中保持可观的催化效率,与无盐激活性的酶在高盐浓度条件下会发生聚集变性不同,具有盐激活性的酶可以在高盐浓度条件下维持蛋白的溶解性、结构的稳定性及活性,可减少褐藻加工过程的用水量,亦可适用于高盐废水的处理。因此,开发具有高盐激活性的褐藻胶裂解酶在绿色农业领域具有广阔的开发前景。
如何高效地发掘自然界盐激活性褐藻胶裂解酶,关键在于最大限度地减少因单一目的、重复研究所造成的人力、财力和物力等科研和自然资源严重浪费的共性问题。目前已见多种发掘手段,包括:1)对源于极端环境的样品的直接筛菌;2)宏基因组随机克隆筛选;3)酶三维结构的理性改造。其中,方法1和方法2需要浪费大量的人力物力,而方法3依赖于对目标酶蛋白结构和催化机理的前期研究,并且三种方法都严重依赖于一个高效的筛选手段,实现难度大。
得益于基因测序技术的发展,目前可通过NCBI等生物信息数据库获取大量微生物基因组的信息,为本发明奠定了基础,至今仍未见报道根据氨基酸组成偏好性进行高盐激活性褐藻胶裂解酶酶的理性筛选和挖掘。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法。
为实现上述目的,筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
样本集的建立:结合CAZy数据库和NCBI数据库,检索获取PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列集;
盐激活性特征值筛选:对上述氨基酸序列集中的氨基酸序列信息进行分析,再以盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活特征指数为筛选依据进行特征排序,盐激活特征指数小的为高盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶,盐激活特征指数大的为低盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶。
进一步,还包括将筛选出的盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶对应带基因片段利用全基因合成手段获得;再将该基因片段与骨架质粒重组得到重组质粒,将重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)得到盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的重组菌株。
进一步,所述对上述氨基酸序列集中的氨基酸序列信息进行分析为,获取酸性氨基酸的含量和碱性氨基酸的含量,其中酸性氨基酸为谷氨酸和天冬氨酸,碱性氨基酸为组氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸。
进一步,所述盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活特征指数为酸性氨基酸的含量除以碱性氨基酸的含量,即为(E+D)/(H+K+R)。
进一步,盐激活特征指数小的是指盐激活特征指数小于1,盐激活特征指数大的是指盐激活特征指数大于1。
本发明通过CAZy与NCBI收集到目前已表达过的具有盐激活性质的PL7家族的氨基酸序列,然后对序列进行分析,包括对所含各类氨基酸的分析等,最终发现具有盐激活的这个特性与它的酸性氨基酸的含量与碱性氨基酸的含量有较大相关性,即(E+D)/(H+K+R)值代表其盐激活特征指数,以此特点为探针,对所有PL7家族序列进行氨基酸含量分析,筛选出满足此特征的序列即为得到的表达盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列信息。
本发明提出了一种利用计算机辅助筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,该方法利用盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列偏好特征作为探针即盐激活特征指数(盐激活特征指数小的是指盐激活特征指数小于1,盐激活特征指数大的是指盐激活特征指数大于1),通过数据库挖掘得到表达盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列信息,利用基因工程手段构建高效表达重组盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的基因工程菌。相比传统筛选方法,藉助计算机辅助手段使得该筛选方法能更精确、高效地获得目标盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶。
本发明的有益效果:
1.本发明借助于盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列偏好性质,通过数据库检索、特征值筛选、全基因合成和基因工程手段,最终得到高效表达重组盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的基因工程菌,其表达的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶具有良好的盐环境适应性,可用于高盐环境下的褐藻胶生物催化降解。
2.现有技术一般通过对微生物酶基因的随机克隆表达或复杂的酶三维结构理性设计来获得具盐激活性的酶,随机性大导致大量人力物力的浪费,又或是高度依赖于对目标酶蛋白结构和催化机理的前期研究,并且都严重依赖于一个高效的筛选手段。本发明提供的方法可以避免随机性高和对结构、催化机理前期研究的依赖性,实现具有盐激活性的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的高效开发。
附图说明
图1为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-1、Aly-2的SDS-PAGE图。
图2为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的Aly-3、Aly-4的SDS-PAGE图。
图3为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-1的酶活力的影响结果图。
图4为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-2的酶活力的影响结果图。
图5为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-3的酶活力的影响结果图。
图6为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-4的酶活力的影响结果图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例,所述实施例的示例在附图中示出,其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的,旨在用于解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
在下面的实施例中,如未明确说明,“%”指氨基酸数量的百分比。
本发明所述碳水化合物活性酶数据库为Carbohydrate-Active enZymes,Cazy数据库;美国国家生物技术信息中心为National Center for Biotechnology Information,NCBI数据库。
实施例1:PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的序列和盐激活性数据收集
通过碳水化合物活性酶数据库获得已报道的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶及其氨基酸序列(登录CAZy网站,在主页界面中的“Enzyme Classes currently covered”酶类分类栏目中点击选择多糖裂解酶裂类(PLs),选中PL Family Number栏目中的7,在跳出的网页中选择Characterized(已表征),便可检索得到已报道的7家族的褐藻胶裂解酶),再通过期刊数据库检索相关酶的论文,从学术论文中筛选出具有盐激活性数据的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶及其盐激活性与酸碱性氨基酸含量比值数据,最终经过整理得到表1。
表1已报道PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活性数据表
为了得到PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸组成特征与其盐浓度之间的关系,研究了PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活倍数与氨基酸组成数据的关系,分析其中的关联性。发明人发现,当PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的酸碱氨基酸比值(E+D)/(H+K+R)小于1时,其盐激活倍数处于5.0-24.0的范围,均大于5倍,最大可达24倍。而当PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的酸碱氨基酸比值ED/HKR大于1时,其盐激活倍数处于1.72至4.17的范围,均小于5倍。通过上述数据分析,可以得到如下结论:PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活倍数与酸性氨基酸谷氨酸(Glutamic acid,E)、天冬氨酸(Aspartic acid,D)和碱性氨氨酸组氨酸(Histidine,H)、赖氨酸(Lysine,K)、精氨酸(Arginine,R)的比值呈现一定的相关性。由此可以看出PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活倍数与酸碱氨基酸比例呈现出一定的相关性,酸碱氨基酸的比值可作为具有特定盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的筛选开发,可大幅提高开发具特定盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的效率。
实施例2:计算机辅助筛选具盐激活性的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶
在实施例2-8中,运用上述酸碱氨基酸比例作为特征值,从数据库中筛选获得两个具有高盐激活性的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶,以及两个作为对照的低盐激活性的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶。
首先,在Cazy数据库中检索,选取(E+D)/(H+K+R)%特征值分别为0.48%(1号,Aly-1)、0.69%(2号,Aly-2)、1.00%(3号,Aly-3)、1.12%(4号,Aly-4)的未见性质报道的PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶作为实验验证对象,根据Cazy数据库中收录的信息,在NCBI数据库中获得其相应氨基酸序列,根据其氨基酸序列与大肠杆菌的密码子偏好性设计获得表达上述PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的DNA序列。
Aly-1对应的是SEQ ID NO:1;Aly-2对应的是SEQ ID NO:2;Aly-3对应的是SEQ IDNO:3;Aly-4对应的是SEQ ID NO:4。
SEQ ID NO:1序列如下所示:
MKSILKHIVKLLVLIFLSVNATCVAQKSSVSGKKNKIEKKRKKRRKKAKLPKIDLTHWKVTIPEGNDKGKPYEVSPPEIFDYANNDVLKKYMYNDSARGALVFYAEPNITTANTKYSRSELREQMKPGDNNVNWTFKQGGRMKGKLAIDEISKNEKGEYHKTIIMQIHGRLTNEQKELIGQKDNNAPPILKIYWKNGKVRVKTKILKNKTATYKELLHKDAWDDDEGYTFKQKVGFKKFTLEVKVSDGKMVVILNNNEFKVYENIHMKRWGIFENYFKAGNYFQTRDKDAFARVRFYKLEVSH。
SEQ ID NO:2序列如下所示:
MKFKYLTLSTLIAMSSIASANVTFTDLNDKLGHPVDYPQYQSVLKASELQISDAKGKKSNKEYFALDGDFTGIVNPYFFVDKQSEALVFKMKNDHLRNEIRVHKNFRTDLPNQFYTLSSEVQIIDPLASMKDSDGKQDEITFLQVHNKGLDNEGTHNVPHPLLRVVWKKDAKGVKGHYWAIVKNNAVICKGSFGAKNKDKPFCKSDAAYTQYDLGKAPLDKTTAFDITVGNKMLKISVDGKTQVEHDIDYWRHLLSYFKAGVYNQFKNGMSEAHFYKLDFIESKS。
SEQ ID NO:3序列如下所示:
MQGKIVNGALAALCAGLFAAHAVAGQSAEILADDAAVVAAAILDPSAPPGSNFNLKPWTLQLPIGASGSVTQVNGDSLAAGYTNQYYFHTDKSDGAMVMMDPTRGWTTSGSQHPRTELRENAIWPTSGANRLDATLIVVQVPKTTTIGQIFQGNGPSKPLCELQVTSGGNVQLLLEDTNQGGASHTYPIAGVTIGKSFTYELSLSGTTIGVKVNGTSKSFTMDSSFDGESFYFKAGNYDQSATSGTPLTTPGTVVKFYALTLTHG。
SEQ ID NO:4序列如下所示:
MLSRLNVKSSNNTRLSLLAMMISSLMLVGCGGSDEGSDNVSPPDSSGNSSGTITPDVGLDSQAAPSENFDLSAWYLGLPIDQNNDGKSDSIYEKELTAGFQYEPYFHTDMGDGGMVFLSYVSGPKTSTNTSYTRSELRSMLRRGDTSIKTQGVNMNNWVFGSAPVSDQLSAGGVDGTLTATLAVNHVTTTGDSSQVGRVIIGQIHANDDEPVRIYYRKLPKNSKGSIYIAHEPRDGYGSEQKYTMIGSQSSSASEPSDGIALNEKFSYRIKTNGDLLTVTIMRDNKPDIVQQVDMVNSGYNLGGQYMYFKAGVYNQNNTGDAKDYAQATFYHLEHEYGRAK。
实施例3:表达PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的基因工程菌株的构建方法
(1)通过全基因合成手段获得携带1号至4号PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶基因片段的PMD19-T载体,通过设计携带限制性内切酶NdeI和XhoI的引物,以携带目的基因的PMD19-T载体为模板进行PCR扩增。所用的高保真DNA聚合酶购自北京全式金生物技术有限公司,目的基因的扩增采用50μL体系,在0.2mL PCR管中加入下列成分。
反应条件为94℃预变性5min,然后94℃变性30sec,60℃退火30sec,72℃延伸4min,28个循环后72℃保温5min。
(2)回收(1)的扩增产物,使用限制酶NdeI和XhoI对目的基因及表达载体pET-28a(+)进行双酶切。限制性内切酶购自中国大连TaKaRa生物公司,酶切体系如表2-12所示。37℃酶切12h,4℃保存。
(3)将酶切完毕的目的基因与表达载体,在下表的反应体系使用T4连接酶在16℃连接30min后,将酶连完毕的载体导入购自中国大连TaKaRa公司E.coli BL21的感受态细胞。
(4)将(3)先涂布于含50μg/mL Kana抗性的LB固体培养基,37℃倒置培养16小时初筛;其次挑取阳性转化子至LB液体培养基50μg/mL Kana,37℃培养过夜,经下表菌液PCR反应体系验证后,进行测序,并将测序结果与合成结果进行比对,验证无误。
实施例4:PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的基因工程菌株的表达纯化
使用异丙基硫代半乳糖甘(IPTG)进行重组PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶菌株的诱导表达。加入异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)至终浓度0.05mmol/L,16℃诱导20h后将菌液收集至50mL的离心管中,6500rpm/min离心15min沉淀细菌细胞。然后将细菌细胞重新悬浮在20mL的溶解缓冲液(溶解缓冲液配方为:0.2mol/L NaCl,15mmol/L咪唑,50mmol/L NaH2PO4,pH8.0)中,超声波破碎处理至菌液成半透明(参数设置为300w,超声时间5s,间歇时间5s,总工作时间15min),11000rpm/min离心20min,上清与预先用溶解缓冲液平衡的Ni-NTAAgarose混匀,4℃结合1h,纯化过程按照纯化试剂盒(购自Qiagen公司)说明进行。纯化后使用重力型去盐柱将洗脱液置换为Tris-HCl缓冲液。结果见图1-2。泳道M均为marker;其中图1的A中的泳道1为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-1的SDS-PAGE图,B中的泳道1为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-2的SDS-PAGE图;图2的A中的泳道3为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-3的SDS-PAGE图;B中的泳道1为PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-4的SDS-PAGE图。从图中可以看出,蛋白大小与实际相符。
实施例5:盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-1酶活的影响
将经纯化后的Aly-1酶液在4℃条件下与不同盐浓度的金属钠离子混合,使Na+离子终浓度分别达到0mmol/L、200mmol/L、400mmol/L、600mmol/L、800mmol/L、1000mmol/L,并处理1h后测量残余酶活,以未被Na+离子处理的酶活力为100%,来研究金属钠离子对Aly-1酶活力的影响,结果见图3,图3为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-1的酶活力的影响结果图。可以看出Aly-1的酶活随盐浓度的增加,呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,相对酶活在盐浓度为600mmol/L时达到最大值,为599%。表现出高的激活倍数。Aly-1的ED/HKR为0.49,实验数据符合预测,说明低ED/HKR的Aly-1酶具有高的盐激活性质。
实施例6:盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-2酶活的影响
将经纯化后的Aly-2酶液在4℃条件下与不同盐浓度的金属钠离子混合,使Na+离子终浓度分别达到0mmol/L、200mmol/L、400mmol/L、600mmol/L、800mmol/L、1000mmol/L,并处理1h后测量残余酶活,以未被Na+离子处理的酶活力为100%,来研究金属钠离子对Aly-2酶活力的影响,结果见图4,图4为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-2的酶活力的影响结果图。可以看出Aly-2的酶活随着盐浓度的增加,呈现出升高的趋势,相对酶活在盐浓度为1000mmol/L时达到最大值,为520%,表现出高的激活倍数。Aly-2的ED/HKR为0.69,实验数据符合预测,说明低ED/HKR的Aly-2酶具有高的盐激活性质。
实施例7:盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-3酶活的影响
将经纯化后的Aly-3酶液在4℃条件下与不同盐浓度的金属钠离子混合,使Na+离子终浓度分别达到0mmol/L、200mmol/L、400mmol/L、600mmol/L、800mmol/L、1000mmol/L,并处理1h后测量残余酶活,以未被Na+离子处理的酶活力为100%,来研究金属钠离子对Aly-3酶活力的影响,结果见图5,图5为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-3的酶活力的影响结果图。可以看出Aly-3的酶活随着盐浓度的增加,相对酶活呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在盐浓度为200mmol/L时达到最大值,为277%,呈现出一定的激活倍数,为低的盐激活性酶。Aly-3的ED/HKR为1.00,实验数据符合预测,说明高ED/HKR的Aly-3酶具有低的盐激活性质。
实施例8:盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-4酶活的影响
将经纯化后的Aly-4酶液在4℃条件下与不同盐浓度的金属钠离子混合,使Na+离子终浓度分别达到0mmol/L、200mmol/L、400mmol/L、600mmol/L、800mmol/L、1000mmol/L,并处理1h后测量残余酶活,以未被Na+离子处理的酶活力为100%,来研究金属钠离子对Aly-4酶活力的影响,结果见图5,图5为不同盐浓度对PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶Aly-4的酶活力的影响结果图。可以看出Aly-4在盐浓度升高时,相对酶活总体呈现出上升的趋势,在盐浓度为200mmol/L时酶活已有较大激活,在盐浓度为600mmol/L时达到最大值,为336%,呈现出一定的激活倍数。Aly-4的ED/HKR为3.36,实验数据符合预测,说明高ED/HKR的Aly-4酶具有低的盐激活性质。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,可以理解的是,上述实施例是示例性的,不能理解为对本发明的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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Claims (5)
1.一种筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
样本集的建立:结合CAZy数据库和NCBI数据库,检索获取PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的氨基酸序列集;
盐激活性特征值筛选:对上述氨基酸序列集中的氨基酸序列信息进行分析,再以盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活特征指数为筛选依据进行特征排序,盐激活特征指数小的为高盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶,盐激活特征指数大的为低盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,还包括将筛选出的盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶对应带基因片段利用全基因合成手段获得;再将该基因片段与骨架质粒重组得到重组质粒,将重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)得到盐激活PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的重组菌株。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,所述对上述氨基酸序列集中的氨基酸序列信息进行分析为,获取酸性氨基酸的含量和碱性氨基酸的含量,其中酸性氨基酸为谷氨酸和天冬氨酸,碱性氨基酸为组氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,所述盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的盐激活特征指数为酸性氨基酸的含量除以碱性氨基酸的含量,即为(E+D)/(H+K+R)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述筛选盐激活性PL7家族褐藻胶裂解酶的方法,其特征在于,盐激活特征指数小的是指盐激活特征指数小于1,盐激活特征指数大的是指盐激活特征指数大于1。
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