CN113214771A - 一种高透湿的面料覆合胶及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种高透湿的面料覆合胶及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
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- C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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Abstract
本申请涉及胶水领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种高透湿的面料覆合胶及其制备方法和应用。该高透湿的面料覆合胶包括如下重量份的原料:聚醚多元醇A 25‑30份、聚酯多元醇A 8‑12份、MDI18‑22份、填料0.5‑1.5份;聚醚多元醇A的分子量为1500‑2500,官能度为2;聚酯多元醇A的分子量为1000‑2000,官能度为2。本申请的高透湿的面料覆合胶具有优良的内聚力和粘性,提高面料与薄膜的覆合稳定性,不易层间分离,利用上述面料覆合胶制得的覆合面料具有优良的透湿性,应用至服装中能提高服装的穿着舒适性。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及胶水领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种高透湿的面料覆合胶及其制备方法和应用
背景技术
随着社会的发展和科技的进步,市面上出现有含有薄膜材质的复合织物作为面料,在运动服、防护服、防晒衣、睡袋等领域中应用广泛,在运动服和防晒衣领域中具有防水、防风、防紫外、防红外等作用,在睡袋领域中具有防风保暖作用,在防护服领域中具有隔离病菌病毒、阻隔超细粉尘等作用。
目前含有薄膜材质的复合织物普遍是通过覆合胶将纤维面料与薄膜覆合,以制得复合面料,再裁剪车缝制成成品。但目前的覆合胶容易在纤维面料和薄膜之间起到阻隔作用,透气性和透湿性较弱,使得运动服、防护服、防晒衣等服饰在穿着一段时间后,容易产生闷热感,在服装内容易闷出水汽,尤其是运动和防晒服,人体运动过程中或户外炎热环境下容易产生大量汗水,较弱的透气性和透湿性会降低了穿着舒适性,睡袋亦同样容易在袋体内产生水汽,袋体内容易产生闷气感,降低了使用舒适性。
发明内容
为了解决目前面料与薄膜覆合的复合织物透湿性问题,本申请提供一种高透湿的面料覆合胶及其制备方法和应用。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,采用如下的技术方案:
一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,包括包括如下重量份的原料:
聚醚多元醇A 25-30份
聚酯多元醇A 8-12份
MDI 18-22份
填料 0.5-1.5份;
所述聚醚多元醇A的分子量为1500-2500,官能度为2;
所述聚酯多元醇A的分子量为1000-2000,官能度为2。
通过采用上述特定分子量及官能度的聚醚多元醇A和聚酯多元醇A,与MDI反应生成内聚比较强的面料覆合胶,聚醚多元醇A含有的亲水基团,能在湿度高的一侧与水接触,水分子在覆合胶内扩散至湿度低的一侧,由于水汽蒸发作用,水分子从亲水基团脱离,达到透湿作用。同时,采用一定量填料,能提高面料覆合胶的内聚力和粘性,使得在将面料与薄膜覆合过程中,覆合速度增加亦不容易产生甩胶的情况。优选的,所述聚醚多元醇A为Puranol D 220、PEG-1500、PPG-2000、PEG-2000、PTMEG-1800、PTMEG-2000中的至少一种;所述聚酯多元醇A包括分子量为2000的PBA-2000、分子量为1000的L3025、分子量为1500的新宇田POL-1276、分子量为2000的L3020中至少一种。
优选的,该面料覆合胶还包括12-18重量份分子量为200-600、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B。
通过采用上述特定分子量及官能度的聚醚多元醇B,与上述聚醚多元醇A、聚酯多元醇A相结合,提高了面料覆合胶的内聚性,进而提高与其他面料、材质的覆合稳定性。更为优选的,所述聚醚多元醇B为Puranol D 204、PPG-200、PPG-400、PPG-600中的至少一种。
优选的,该面料覆合胶还包括25-30重量份分子量为2500-3500、官能度为2的聚酯多元醇B。
通过采用上述特定分子量及官能度的聚酯多元醇B,与上述聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇相结合,提高了面料覆合胶的内聚性,进而提高与其他面料、薄膜的覆合稳定性。其中,更为优选的,聚酯多元醇B与聚酯多元醇A相组合作为聚酯多元醇组分,聚醚多元醇A与聚醚多元醇B相结合聚醚多元醇组分,复配的聚酯多元醇组分、复配的聚醚多元醇组分均与MDI相反应,能较大程度地提高面料覆合胶的内聚性和粘性。更为优选的,所述聚酯多元醇B包括分子量为3000的聚酯多元醇2430、分子量为2500的新宇田POL-345、分子量为3500的新宇田POL-7332、分子量为3000的新宇田POL-737中至少一种。
优选的,所述填料为高岭土、滑石粉、氧化铝、钛白粉中的至少一种。
通过采用上述种类的填料,能提高面料覆合胶的内聚力和粘性,使得覆合过程中不易甩胶,且与面料、薄膜粘附稳定,提高面料覆合胶与面料、薄膜之间的结合性,不易出现层间分离现象。
优选的,该面料覆合胶还包括0.1-0.3重量份的抗氧剂,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂Evernox10、抗氧剂2246、抗氧剂5057、抗氧剂245中的至少一种。
面料覆合胶中加入一定量的抗氧剂,能提高面料覆合胶的耐老化和耐候性能,不易由于光、氧环境而老化,减少由于面料覆合胶老化而导致覆合胶与面料、薄膜之间的粘附力下降及层间分离现象,保证面料覆合胶的稳定粘合。
第二方面,本申请提供一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的制备方法,采用如下的技术方案:
一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将除聚酯多元醇A、MDI、填料以外的物料加入至反应装置中分散,然后边搅拌边加入聚酯多元醇A,搅拌至聚酯多元醇A溶解后,加入填料,边加热至115-125℃边搅拌,搅拌至体系溶解后,抽真空,在温度为115-125℃下搅拌85-95min;
在真空状态下降温至60-70℃,然后用氮气破真空,再加入MDI,抽真空,在温度为75-85℃下搅拌55-65min,最后用氮气破真空、100℃下出料,制得高透湿的面料覆合胶。
通过采用上述方案,制得的面料覆合胶内聚力较佳,与面料、薄膜等材质粘附稳定,能实现高湿度环境的透湿性。上述步骤先将聚酯多元醇A和聚醚多元醇A混合分散,再加入填料助分散,然后加入MDI进行反应,能保证聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇分散均匀后再反应,反应均匀,以制得粘稠程度较为均衡的面料覆合胶。其中,加入填料后抽真空搅拌,并边加热边搅拌,能避免物料与填料出现结团现象,并减少聚合物的氧化现象,并能真空除去体系中的水分,减少体系中存有的水分对加入MDI后的聚合反应造成影响;同样地,加入MDI后抽真空搅拌,并控制搅拌的温度和时长,能及时除去反应过程中可能生成的水分,减少体系中水分对面料覆合胶的粘度、粘附力等造成影响。而加入MDI后,与聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇反应放热,使得体系温度升高,并在100℃下出料,覆合胶的流动性好,易于出料,若反应后温度未达100℃,则额外加热升温至100℃后再出料。出料后,优选采用目数为100μm的滤网对覆合胶进行过滤,除去体系中可能出现的结团物质,使得覆合胶细腻、流动性好。
优选的,制备面料覆合胶的全程搅拌转速为50-70rpm;加入填料后抽真空搅拌的绝对真空度为0.06-0.12MPa;加入MDI后抽真空搅拌的绝对真空度为0.06-0.12MPa。
通过控制制备面料覆合胶过程的搅拌转速,能使物料分散均匀,以制得流平性好、粘度优良的覆合胶;另外,通过控制真空搅拌的真空度,能在制备面料覆合胶过程中及时除去体系中的水分,减少水分对聚合反应造成影响、对覆合胶的内聚力造成影响。
第三方面,本申请提供一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的应用,采用如下的技术方案:一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的应用,具体将面料覆合胶涂覆于薄膜表面,然后与面料覆合,制得覆合面料;其中所述面料覆合胶为上述的面料覆合胶或上述制备方法制得的面料覆合胶。
优选的,所述薄膜为PE膜或TPU膜,所述面料为无纺布;
优选的,所述面料覆合胶的涂覆量为4-6g/m3,覆合速度为60-80米/min。
通过采用上述技术方案,能将面料与薄膜覆合稳定,且覆合速度快,生产效率高,覆合后制得的覆合面料透湿率可达8000-10000g/m2,透湿效果好,制得的覆合面料应用范围广泛,可用于制备运动服、防晒衣、防护服、睡袋等产品,舒适性好。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、本申请采用特定分子量及官能度的聚醚多元醇A与聚酯多元醇A相复配混合,与MDI反应生成内聚性较强的面料覆合胶,聚醚多元醇A的亲水基团在服装湿度高的一侧与水结合,水分子在覆合胶内扩散至湿度低的一侧,并在水汽蒸发作用下,水分子从亲水基团脱离,进而达到优良的透湿作用。
2、本申请中优选采用聚醚多元醇B,与聚醚多元醇A相复配作用,再与高分子量的聚酯多元醇A相复合作用,与MDI反应生成面料覆合胶,提高了面料覆合胶的内聚性和覆合稳定性。
3、本申请中优选采用聚酯多元醇B,与聚酯多元醇A相组合作为聚酯多元醇组分,聚醚多元醇A与聚醚多元醇B相结合聚醚多元醇组分,复配的聚酯多元醇组分、复配的聚醚多元醇组分均与MDI相反应,较大程度地提高面料覆合胶的内聚性和粘性。
4、本申请制备面料覆合胶的方法步骤操作简单,物料分散均匀,且采用真空搅拌方式除去体系中的水分,减少体系中存有的水分对聚合反应造成影响,使制得的面料覆合胶具有优良的内聚力和粘附力。
5、本申请采用上述面料覆合胶应用至面料与薄膜之间覆合,覆合速度快,材质之间附着力高,且覆合后制得的覆合面料透湿性高,提高了覆合面料的舒适性,使得覆合面料可广泛应用于服装中。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
下列实施例中所列举的多元醇原料型号,均为支撑实施例中的助剂而具体选择,为实验所采用,在实际生产制备面料覆合胶过程中,原料的来源不仅限于所列的型号。
实施例
实施例1
将25kg聚醚多元醇PEG-1500加入至搅拌釜中分散,然后边搅拌边加入8份聚酯多元醇S3049,在转速为60rpm的条件下,搅拌至聚酯多元醇S3049溶解后,加入0.5kg滑石粉,在转速为60rpm的条件下边加热边搅拌,加热目标温度为120℃,搅拌至体系溶解后,抽真空至绝对真空度为0.08MPa,在温度为120℃、转速为60rpm的条件下搅拌90min;
在真空状态下降温至65℃,然后用氮气破真空,再加入20kg的MDI,抽真空至绝对真空度为0.08MPa,在温度为80℃、转速为60rpm的条件下搅拌60min,最后用氮气破真空、物料升温至100℃后出料,制得高透湿的面料覆合胶。
实施例2-3
实施例2-3与上述实施例1的区别在于:物料的用量、种类差异,具体参见下表1。
实施例4
本实施例4与上述实施例2的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括12kg聚醚多元醇B(PPG-200),聚醚多元醇B(PPG-200)与聚醚多元醇A(Puranol D 220)一并加入至搅拌釜中分散,然后再边搅拌边加入聚酯多元醇A(L3025)。
实施例5-6
实施例5-6与上述实施例4的区别在于:本实施例的聚醚多元醇B用量、种类差异,具体参见下表1。
表1实施例1-6的物料用量、种类差异
实施例7
本实施例与上述实施例2的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括25kg聚酯多元醇B(POL-345),聚酯多元醇B(POL-345)与聚醚多元醇A(Puranol D 220)一并加入至搅拌釜中分散,然后再边搅拌边加入聚酯多元醇A(Puranol D 220)。
实施例8-9
实施例8-9与上述实施例7的区别在于:本实施例的聚醚多元醇B用量差异,具体参见下表2。
实施例10
本实施例与上述实施例5的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括30kg聚酯多元醇B(2430),聚酯多元醇B(2430)与聚醚多元醇A(Puranol D 220)一并加入至搅拌釜中分散,然后再边搅拌边加入聚酯多元醇A(Puranol D 220),具体参见下表2。
实施例11
本实施例11与实施例8的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括0.1kg抗氧剂2246。
实施例12
本实施例12与实施例8的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括0.3kg抗氧剂5057。
实施例13
本实施例13与实施例10的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括0.2kg抗氧剂Evernox 10。
实施例14
本实施例14与实施例10的区别在于:本实施例的面料覆合胶中还包括0.3kg抗氧剂245。
表2实施例7-14的物料用量、种类差异
实施例15-16
实施例15-16与上述实施例13的区别在于:制备面料覆合胶的工艺参数差异,具体参见下表3。
表3实施例13、15、16的工艺参数表
实施对比例
实施对比例1
本实施对比例与上述实施例13的区别在于:所述高透湿的面料覆合胶的多元醇组分仅含有28kg分子量为2000、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇A(Puranol D 220)。
实施对比例2
本实施对比例与上述实施例13的区别在于:所述高透湿的面料覆合胶的多元醇组分仅含有10kg的高分子量聚酯多元醇A(POL-1276)。
实施对比例3
本实施对比例与上述实施例13的区别在于:所述高透湿的面料覆合胶的多元醇组分包括包括28kg分子量为2000、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇A(Puranol D 220),15kg分子量为400、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B(Puranol D 204),和27kg分子量为3000、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B(2430)。
实施对比例4
本实施对比例与上述实施例13的区别在于:所述高透湿的面料覆合胶的多元醇组分包括15kg分子量为400、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B(Puranol D 204),10kg的高分子量聚酯多元醇A(POL-1276),和27kg分子量为3000、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B(Puranol D204)。
表4实施例7-14的物料用量、种类差异
实施对比例5
本实施对比例与上述实施例13的区别在于:本对比例为市售的覆合胶。
性能检测试验
对上述实施例1-16、对比例1-4制得的高透湿的面料覆合胶以及对比例5的覆合胶进行粘度、开放时间、外观形貌等测试;其中,粘度采用布氏粘度计测出,开放时间按照标准《HG/T 3716-2003热熔胶粘剂开放时间的测定》进行检测,测试结果如下表5所示:
表5实施例1-16及对比例1-5的覆合胶性能数据
由上表5可知,本申请的面料覆合胶具有优良的粘度和开放时间,能将面料与薄膜粘结稳定;与对比例5市售的覆合胶相比,开放时间比对比例5明显要低,本实施例70℃下的粘度与对比例5相近,而80℃及以上条件下的粘度均比对比例5的粘度增长,表明本申请的面料覆合胶粘结性能比对比例5的市售覆合胶要高。
另外,实施例13与对比例1-2相比,本申请采用聚醚多元醇A和聚酯多元醇A复合地跟MDI反应,制得的面料覆合胶粘度和开放时间均比单一多元醇提升;而对比例3采用聚醚多元醇A与聚醚多元醇B相复合,再和聚酯多元醇B复合,跟MDI反应,对比例4采用聚酯多元醇A与聚酯多元醇B相复合,再和聚醚多元醇B复合,跟MDI反应,对比例3-4制得的面料覆合胶粘度和开放时间均比实施例13下降,说明至少采用聚醚多元醇A和聚酯多元醇A相复合作为多元醇组分,制得的面料覆合胶具有优良的粘附性能。
应用例
应用例1
将上述实施例1制得的面料覆合胶涂覆于PE膜表面,涂覆量为5g/m3,然后将无纺布与涂覆有面料覆合胶的PE膜相覆合,控制覆合速度为70米/min,则制得覆合面料。
应用例2-16
应用例2-16与上述应用例1的区别在于:应用例2-16分别对应地采用实施例2-16制得的面料覆合胶,具体如下表6所示。
应用例17
本应用例与上述应用例1的区别在于:将实施例15制得的面料覆合胶涂覆于PE膜表面,涂覆量为4g/m3,然后将涂覆有面料覆合胶的PE膜与无纺布相覆合,控制覆合速度为60米/min,则制得覆合面料。
应用例18
本应用例与上述应用例1的区别在于:将实施例15制得的面料覆合胶涂覆于TPU膜表面,涂覆量为6g/m3,然后将涂覆有面料覆合胶的TPU膜与无纺布相覆合,控制覆合速度为80米/min,则制得覆合面料。
应用对比例
应用对比例1-5
应用对比例与上述应用例1的区别在于:应用对比例1-5分别对应地采用实施对比例1-5制得的面料覆合胶,具体如下表6所示。
表6应用例1-19及应用对比例1-5的工艺条件数据
性能检测试验
对上述应用例1-18、应用对比例1-5制得的覆合面料(10cm*10cm)进行透湿度、剥离强度、老化测试;其中,透湿度按照《ASTM E 96E 96M-2005材料透湿性能的标准试验方法》的BW法进行测定,剥离强度采用AR-2000剥离力测试仪测试无纺布与薄膜之间的剥离力,测试角度为90°;老化测试为将覆合面料放置于热老化试验箱内,控制箱内温度60℃,湿度35%,放置72h后,再次测试透湿度和剥离力。测试结果如下表7所示:
表7应用例1-18及应用对比例1-5的性能数据
由上表7可知,利用本申请面料覆合胶制得的覆合面料,与对比例5的市售覆合胶相比,具有更高的透湿度和剥离力,表明本申请的面料覆合胶能将面料与薄膜粘结稳定的同时,能提高覆合成型的覆合面料透湿度,覆合面料不易剥离或出现层间分离。
其中,实施例11-12与实施例8相比,实施例13-14与实施例10相比面料覆合胶中还包括抗氧剂,使得覆合成型的覆合面料经过72小时的老化测试后,透湿度和剥离力的下降程度减弱,耐老化性能提高。
另外,实施例13与对比例1-2相比,本申请采用聚醚多元醇A和聚酯多元醇A复合地跟MDI反应,制得的面料覆合胶透湿度和剥离力均比单一多元醇提升;而对比例3-4制得的面料覆合胶透湿度和剥离力均比实施例13有所下降,说明本申请至少采用聚醚多元醇A和聚酯多元醇A相复合作为多元醇组分,能使制得的面料覆合胶具有优良的透湿性和剥离力。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (10)
1.一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,其特征在于:包括如下重量份的原料:
聚醚多元醇A 25-30份
聚酯多元醇A 8-12份
MDI 18-22份
填料 0.5-1.5份;
所述聚醚多元醇A的分子量为1500-2500,官能度为2;
所述聚酯多元醇A的分子量为1000-2000,官能度为2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,其特征在于:该面料覆合胶还包括12-18重量份分子量为200-600、官能度为2的聚醚多元醇B。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,其特征在于:该面料覆合胶还包括25-30重量份分子量为2500-3500、官能度为2的聚酯多元醇B。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,其特征在于:所述填料为高岭土、滑石粉、氧化铝、钛白粉中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种高透湿的面料覆合胶,其特征在于:该面料覆合胶还包括0.1-0.3重量份的抗氧剂,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂Evernox 10、抗氧剂2246、抗氧剂5057、抗氧剂245中的至少一种。
6.一种如权利要求1-5任一项所述高透湿的面料覆合胶的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
将除聚酯多元醇A、MDI、填料以外的物料加入至反应装置中分散,然后边搅拌边加入聚酯多元醇A,搅拌至聚酯多元醇A溶解后,加入填料,边加热至115-125℃边搅拌,搅拌至体系溶解后,抽真空,在温度为115-125℃下搅拌85-95min;
在真空状态下降温至60-70℃,然后用氮气破真空,再加入MDI,抽真空,在温度为75-85℃下搅拌55-65min,最后用氮气破真空、100℃下出料,制得高透湿的面料覆合胶。
7.根据权利要求6所述一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的制备方法,其特征在于:制备面料覆合胶的全程搅拌转速为50-70rpm;加入填料后抽真空搅拌的绝对真空度为0.06-0.12MPa;加入MDI后抽真空搅拌的绝对真空度为0.06-0.12MPa。
8.一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的应用,其特征在于:将面料覆合胶涂覆于薄膜表面,然后与面料覆合,制得覆合面料;所述面料覆合胶为权利要求1-5任一项所述高透湿的面料覆合胶或者为权利要求6或7制得的高透湿的面料覆合胶。
9.根据权利要求8所述一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的应用,其特征在于:所述薄膜为PE膜或TPU膜,所述面料为无纺布。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述一种高透湿的面料覆合胶的应用,其特征在于:所述面料覆合胶的涂覆量为4-6g/m3,覆合速度为60-80米/min。
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