CN113210774A - Blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method - Google Patents
Blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113210774A CN113210774A CN202110598369.7A CN202110598369A CN113210774A CN 113210774 A CN113210774 A CN 113210774A CN 202110598369 A CN202110598369 A CN 202110598369A CN 113210774 A CN113210774 A CN 113210774A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating state precise electrolytic machining device and a method, wherein a joint structure designed according to a feeding speed ratio is arranged between two adjacent cathode tools, a machining cavity with a closed side wall is enclosed between four tool cathodes, during machining, the four tool cathodes simultaneously perform uniform feeding motion at a specified speed, and simultaneously apply reciprocating cooperative vibration with the same frequency and specific amplitude to the four tool cathodes, and joint surfaces among the four tool cathodes in feeding always keep a joint sliding state. When the processing profile surface that the instrument encloses contracts, the circular telegram is processed, and when the processing profile surface that the instrument encloses expanded, outage electrolyte erodeed, and the closed processing profile surface that encloses diminishes by big, until the processing is accomplished. The invention adopts the blade profile omnidirectional feeding and pulsating state precise electrolytic machining mode, obviously improves the stability of the electric field and the flow field at the front edge and the rear edge of the blade/integral blade disc, and is beneficial to improving the electrolytic machining precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method.
Background
The blades and the blisk of the aircraft engine are core parts for realizing gas compression and expansion and converting power into power. The structure of the blade and the blisk of the aircraft engine is complex, and the characteristic size is large. Of the many features, the leading and trailing edges are the critical structures that have the greatest impact on blade aerodynamics and power conversion. However, the precise manufacturing of the blade is extremely difficult because of the small radius of curvature of the front and rear edges, the twisted curve of the generatrix in the space, and the thinnest and weakest ends of the blade.
The electrochemical machining is a machining mode for removing materials based on the anode electrochemical dissolution principle, has the advantages of high machining efficiency, no tool loss, good surface quality, machining independence on the mechanical properties of workpiece materials and the like, and is one of the main methods for precisely machining blades or blisks of aero-engines. At present, the blade shape electrolytic machining of the blade or the blisk usually adopts a bidirectional feeding machining mode, namely, the cathodes of a blade basin and a blade back tool are arranged on two sides of the blade, electrolyte flows in from the front edge of a blank, is divided into two flows along a workpiece blank, and then flows through a blade basin and a blade back machining area and then meets and flows out from the rear edge. And simultaneously processing the profiles of the blade basin, the blade back and the front and rear edges of the blade by feeding the blade basin and the blade back tools in a manner of facing each other. However, since the front and rear edges of the blade are always positioned at the electrolyte inlet pipe and the electrolyte outlet, the electric field and the flow field in the region are always changed violently along with the feeding of the cathode of the tool, and meanwhile, no feeding motion exists in the directions of the front and rear edges of the cathode of the tool, so that the change process of the contour of the front and rear edges cannot be accurately controlled. The traditional processing method better ensures the accuracy of the molded surfaces of the blade basin and the blade back, but the accuracy requirement is highest, and the most important processing accuracy of the front edge area and the rear edge area is difficult to control and obviously unreasonable. Therefore, a new method for processing the full profile of the blade is urgently needed to be found, and the electrolytic processing precision of the front edge and the rear edge of the blade is improved.
In the conventional blade-shaped electrolytic machining of the blade or the blisk, a bidirectional feeding machining mode is generally adopted, such as a machining method adopted in an electrolytic machining method for a titanium alloy large-size blade, for example, the method can better ensure the contour shapes of a blade basin and a blade back. However, as the machining is performed, the two tool electrodes are continuously close to each other, and the electric field and the flow field of the opening at the front edge and the rear edge are changed more and more sharply, which seriously affects the machining precision of the front edge and the rear edge. Julian and the like provide a method for electrolytically machining blades by using a staggered cathode to form an annular liquid supply flow field in a blade full-profile electrolysis system and method for staggered cathode feeding annular liquid supply, the method effectively slows down the field intensity change rate at the front edge and the rear edge, improves the repeatability of electrolytic machining of the front edge and the rear edge, and the shape precision of the front edge and the rear edge is difficult to control because the front edge and the rear edge are still processed on two sides and do not have cathode feeding motion. Yangyiming et al adopt an electrolytic nesting machining method in 'research on influence of process parameters on surface roughness of electrolytic nesting machined blades', research on influence of process parameters such as electrolyte concentration, electrolyte temperature and machining speed on surface roughness of the blades, and finally obtain machining process parameters of optimal blade surface roughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, improving the electrolytic machining precision of the front edge and the rear edge of a blade and ensuring the quality of the blade.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating precise electrolytic machining device and a method, which comprises a clamp seat, a liquid inlet pipe and four tool cathodes, wherein the clamp seat is provided with an accommodating groove and four mounting grooves, blanks are arranged in the accommodating groove, the mounting grooves are respectively used for placing the tool cathodes, the tool cathodes can move in the mounting grooves, the tool cathode positioned at the front edge of a blade to be formed is a front edge cathode, the tool cathode positioned at the rear edge of the blade to be formed is a rear edge cathode, the tool cathode positioned at the blade basin of the blade to be formed is a blade basin cathode, the tool cathode positioned at the blade back of the blade to be formed is a blade back cathode, a machining chamber with a closed side wall is formed between the four tool cathodes, and the side wall of the machining chamber is always closed in the moving process of the tool cathodes, a processing gap is formed between the inner wall of the processing cavity and the outer wall of the blank, the liquid inlet pipe is installed on the clamp seat, the tool cathode is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and the blank is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the power supply.
Preferably, V-shaped grooves are formed in one side of the front edge cathode close to the accommodating groove and one side of the rear edge cathode close to the accommodating groove, contact areas including at least one contact line are formed between two side walls of the leaf basin cathode and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove, two ends of the contact line between the leaf basin cathode and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be molded, contact areas including at least one contact line are formed between two side walls of the leaf back cathode and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove, and two ends of the contact line between the leaf back cathode and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be molded.
Preferably, the both sides wall of leaf basin negative pole can respectively with two the inner wall laminating in V type groove, the both sides wall of leaf back negative pole can respectively with two the inner wall laminating in V type groove, just the leading edge negative pole the trailing edge negative pole the leaf basin negative pole with the leaf back negative pole can be followed the mounting groove is to the direction reciprocating motion that is close to each other or keeps away from.
Preferably, four electrolyte flows in from four tool cathodes respectively near the blade root of the blade to be formed, and flows through the blade basin, the blade back, the front edge and the rear edge processing area of the blade respectively and then flows out from the blade tip in a crossed manner.
Preferably, four electrolyte flows in from the four tool cathodes respectively close to the blade tips of the blades to be formed, flows through the blade basin, the blade back, the front edge and the rear edge processing area of the blades and then flows out from the blade roots.
The invention also provides a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining method, which uses the electrolytic machining device in any one of the technical schemes and comprises the following steps:
s1: installing the electrolytic machining device, placing a blank in the accommodating groove, respectively placing the tool cathodes in the installing grooves, enabling the tool cathodes to form a machining cavity with a closed side wall, and enabling the tool cathodes to be electrically connected with a power supply cathode and the blank to be electrically connected with a power supply anode;
s2: and electrifying, namely introducing electrolyte into the machining gap through the liquid inlet pipe, enabling the electrolyte to flow in through one end of the machining gap and flow out through the other end of the machining gap, enabling the cathodes of the tools to approach each other, electrifying the blank to form a blade, and keeping the side wall of the machining cavity closed all the time in the moving process of the cathodes of the tools.
Preferably, in step S2, the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode are moved back and forth in directions to approach or separate from each other, the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode move synchronously, the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode move closer to each other as a first feeding motion, and move away from each other as a first retracting motion, the first feeding motion and the first retracting motion are performed alternately, and a displacement amount of the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode when performing the first feeding motion is larger than a displacement amount of the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode when performing the first retracting motion, during the first feeding motion and the first retracting motion, the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode are electrified near a closest point of the blank, and a power supply is turned off when in other positions; the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode respectively reciprocate along the mounting groove in the direction of approaching to or departing from each other, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode synchronously move, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode move in the direction of approaching to the blank in a second feeding motion and move in the direction of departing from the blank in a second retracting motion, the second feeding motion and the second retracting motion are performed in a crossed manner, the displacement of the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode during the second feeding motion is larger than that of the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode during the second retracting motion, the first feeding motion and the second feeding motion are performed simultaneously, the first retracting motion and the second retracting motion are performed simultaneously, and during the second feeding motion and the second retracting motion, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode are positioned near the nearest point of the blank and are subjected to power-on processing, in other positions the power is off.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the electrolytic machining device provided by the invention, the clamp seat is provided with the containing groove and the four mounting grooves, the blank is placed in the containing groove, so that the position of the blank is fixed, the tool cathodes are respectively placed in the mounting grooves and can move in the mounting grooves, so that the tool cathodes are respectively mounted at the periphery of the blank, the blade back, the blade basin, the front edge and the rear edge of the blade are machined by machining the periphery of the blank, the external shape of the blade is convenient to form, a machining chamber with a closed side wall is formed among the four tool cathodes, so that an electric field in the machining chamber is also a closed electric field, the existing open electric field is changed, the rapid change of the open electric field of the front edge and the rear edge is eliminated, the stability of the machining electric field of the front edge and the machining field of the rear edge is greatly improved, and the electrolytic machining precision is favorably improved.
The electrolytic machining method provided by the invention can adopt an omnidirectional feeding pulse state machining mode, and in each feeding or retreating action, when the cathode of each tool moves to the position close to the nearest point of the blank, the power is switched on for machining, and the electrolyte is not flushed at other positions. The intermittent dissolution processing mode enables the accumulation effect of electrolytic products in the processing gap to be obviously reduced, and the pulsating state processing mode with period scaling enables the product discharge capacity of the electrolyte to be obviously improved. The accumulation of products is very little in a very short processing period, the change of the flow state and the conductivity of the electrolyte is hardly influenced, the consistency and the repeatability of the processing state are obviously improved, and the random error of the processing is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electrochemical machining apparatus for machining a blade according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the electrolytic machining method according to the second embodiment for machining a blisk;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an electrochemical machining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention from the start to the end of machining;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the voltage-amplitude coupling in the electrolytic processing method according to the second embodiment;
in the figure: 100-electrolytic machining device, 1-clamp seat, 2-liquid inlet pipe, 3-tool cathode, 31-leaf basin cathode, 32-leaf back cathode, 33-leading edge cathode, 34-trailing edge cathode, 4-blank, 41-leaf basin, 42-leaf back, 43-leading edge, 44-trailing edge and 5-machining gap.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method, and aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of the front edge and the rear edge of a blade is difficult to guarantee by the existing blade and blisk blade shape electrolytic machining method.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 3, the present embodiment provides an electrochemical machining apparatus 100, which can be used for machining blades and parts with complex blade shapes such as a blisk or a diffuser, and includes a fixture base 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2, and four tool cathodes 3, wherein the fixture base 1 is provided with a receiving groove and four mounting grooves, the receiving groove is used for receiving a blank 4, and the blank 4 is fixed in position, the mounting grooves are respectively used for receiving the tool cathodes 3, and each tool cathode 3 is respectively connected to a different driving device and can move in the mounting groove under the driving of the driving device, the mounting grooves are respectively arranged around the receiving groove, so that the tool cathodes 3 are respectively mounted around the blank 4 to machine the periphery of the blank 4 and form a blade back 42, a blade basin 41, a front edge 43, and a rear edge 44 of the blade, thereby facilitating the formation of the external shape of the blade, the tool cathode 3 positioned at the front edge 43 of the blade to be formed is a front edge cathode 33, the tool cathode 3 positioned at the rear edge 44 of the blade to be formed is a rear edge 44 cathode 34, the tool cathode 3 positioned at the blade basin 41 of the blade to be formed is a blade basin 41 cathode 31, the tool cathode 3 positioned at the blade back 42 of the blade to be formed is a blade back cathode 32, a processing chamber with a closed side wall is enclosed among the four tool cathodes 3, in the moving process of the tool cathode 3, the side wall of the processing chamber is always kept closed, so that the electric field in the processing chamber is also a closed electric field, the existing opening electric field is changed, the rapid change of the opening electric fields of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 is eliminated, the stability of the processing electric fields of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 is greatly improved, the electrolytic processing precision is improved, a processing gap 5 is formed between the inner wall of the processing chamber and the outer wall of the blank 4, and the pipe 2 is installed on the liquid inlet clamp seat 1, the liquid inlet pipe 2 can be communicated with the liquid supply device of the processing chamber and the electrolyte and is used for leading the electrolyte into the processing gap 5, the cathode 3 of the tool is electrically connected with the cathode of the power supply, and the blank 4 is electrically connected with the anode of the power supply, so that the blank 4 is subjected to material removal through the electrolyte to form the shape of a required blade.
Specifically, one side of the leaf basin cathode 31 close to the accommodating groove is an outward convex curved surface, which can form the shape of the leaf basin 41 of the blade, and both ends of the leaf basin cathode 31 extend in the direction away from the leaf back cathode 32; one side of the blade back cathode 32 close to the accommodating groove is an inward concave curved surface, the shape of the blade back 42 of the blade can be formed, and two ends of the blade back cathode 32 extend towards the direction close to the blade basin cathode 31, so that when the blade basin cathode 31 and the blade back cathode 32 are close to each other, a front edge 43 and a rear edge 44 of the required blade are formed; one side of the front edge cathode 33 close to the accommodating groove and one side of the rear edge cathode 34 close to the accommodating groove are both provided with a V-shaped groove, both side walls of the blade basin cathode 31 and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove form a contact area comprising at least one contact line, both ends of the contact line between the blade basin cathode 31 and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be formed, both side walls of the blade back cathode 32 and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove form a contact area comprising at least one contact line, both ends of the contact line between the blade back cathode 32 and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be formed, so that when the tool cathodes 3 are mutually close, the end parts of the blade back cathode 32 and the blade basin cathode 31 are mutually close to and move to the groove bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 of the blade respectively form a tip shape at the groove bottom of the V-shaped groove; the four tool cathodes 3 simultaneously perform uniform feeding motion at a specified speed, and simultaneously apply reciprocating cooperative vibration with the same frequency and specific amplitude to the four tool cathodes 3, so that the bonding surfaces among the four tool cathodes 3 in feeding always keep a bonding sliding state.
The two side walls of the leaf basin cathode 31 can be respectively attached to the inner walls of the two V-shaped grooves, the two side walls of the leaf back cathode 32 can be respectively attached to the inner walls of the two V-shaped grooves, and the side walls of the leaf back cathode 32 and the inner walls of the V-shaped grooves are in surface contact, namely, the side wall slope of the leaf basin cathode 31 and the side wall slope of the leaf back cathode 32 are equal to the side wall slope of the V-shaped grooves, so that when each tool electrode moves, the two side walls of the leaf basin cathode 31 can be always attached to the inner walls of the two V-shaped grooves, the side walls of the leaf back cathode 32 and the inner walls of the V-shaped grooves are in surface contact, the two side walls of the leaf back cathode 32 can be always attached to the inner walls of the two V-shaped grooves, the sealing performance of the side walls of the processing chamber is ensured, the formation of an opening electric field is prevented, the product quality of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 of the blade is ensured, and the front edge cathode 33 and the cathode 34 can respectively reciprocate along the normal direction of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 of the blade to be formed, the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 can move back and forth towards the direction close to or away from each other, so that the side wall of the blank 4 is limited in the moving process, and the external shape of the blade is convenient to form.
Feed liquor pipe 2 is four, in the actual work process, feed liquor pipe 2 can set up the upper end at the mounting groove, thereby make electrolyte from waiting to get into machining gap 5 in the apex department of shaping blade, each instrument negative pole 3 flows through, carry the electrolysis product from waiting to the blade root department of shaping blade and flow out, feed liquor pipe 2 also can set up the interior bottom surface in the mounting groove, thereby make electrolyte from waiting to get into machining gap 5 in the blade root department of shaping blade, each instrument negative pole 3 flows through, carry the electrolysis product from waiting to the apex department of shaping blade and flow out.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the present embodiment provides an electrolytic processing method characterized in that: the electrochemical machining apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment includes:
s1: installing the electrolytic machining device 100, placing the blank 4 in the accommodating groove, placing the tool cathodes 3 in the installing grooves respectively, and enclosing a machining cavity with a closed side wall between the tool cathodes 3, so that an electric field in the machining cavity is also a closed electric field, changing the existing open electric field, eliminating the rapid change of the open electric field of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44, greatly improving the stability of the machining electric field of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44, contributing to improving the electrolytic machining precision, enabling the tool cathodes 3 to be electrically connected with the negative pole of the power supply respectively, enabling the blank 4 to be electrically connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and facilitating the electric machining;
s2: circular telegram processing, let in electrolyte in to machining gap 5 through feed liquor pipe 2, and make electrolyte flow in through machining gap 5's one end, and flow through machining gap 5's the other end, thereby make things convenient for electrolyte to carry electrolysis product to discharge, prevent a large amount of accumulations of electrolysis product, influence the product quality of blade, make each instrument negative pole 3 be close to each other simultaneously and form the blade to 4 circular telegram processing of blank to blank 4, and instrument negative pole 3 is at the removal in-process, the lateral wall of processing cavity remains throughout and seals.
Specifically, in step S2, the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 are moved back and forth in directions to approach or separate from each other, the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 are moved synchronously, so that the leaf basin 41 and the leaf back 42 of the blade are subjected to electrolytic machining simultaneously, the shapes of the leaf basin 41 and the leaf back 42 of the blade are ensured, the first feeding motion is performed when the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 approach each other, the first retracting motion is performed when the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 separate from each other, the first feeding motion and the first retracting motion are performed alternately, the displacement of the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 in the first feeding motion is larger than the displacement of the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 in the first retracting motion, the distance between the leaf basin cathode 31 and the leaf back cathode 32 is ensured to be gradually reduced to form the blade, and the leaf basin cathode and the leaf back cathode are subjected to electric machining near the closest point during the first feeding motion and the first retracting motion (more preferable, the nearest point of the blank, namely the nearest point of each cathode to the blank in single feeding or withdrawal, as shown in fig. 4 in particular), and the power supply is cut off at other positions, and in the pulse state electrolytic machining mode, when the cathode tools cooperate to perform the contraction motion, small-amplitude periodic opening and closing motions can be superposed. The intermittent dissolution processing mode obviously reduces the generation amount of electrolytic products in the processing gap, improves the consistency and the repeatability of the processing state and reduces the random error of processing; the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 respectively reciprocate along the normal direction of the front edge 43 and the normal direction of the rear edge 44 of the blade to be formed, and the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 synchronously move, so that the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 of the blade are simultaneously subjected to electrolytic machining, the shapes of the front edge 43 and the rear edge 44 of the blade are ensured, the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 are in a second feeding action when moving towards the direction close to the blank 4 and in a second retreating action when moving away from the blank 4, the second feeding action and the second retreating action are performed in a crossed manner, the displacement of the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 is larger than that of the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 when performing the second retreating action, the distance between the front edge cathode 33 and the rear edge cathode 34 is ensured to be gradually reduced so as to form the blade, and the first feeding action and the second feeding action are performed simultaneously, the first return action and the second return action are carried out simultaneously, during the second feeding action and the second return action, the cathode of the leaf basin and the cathode of the leaf back are positioned near the nearest point of the blank for electrifying processing, and the power supply is cut off when the cathode and the cathode are positioned at other positions. The intermittent dissolving processing mode obviously reduces the generation amount of electrolytic products in the processing gap, improves the consistency and the repeatability of the processing state and reduces the random error of processing. As the four tool cathodes 3 are fed and retracted, the blade is gradually shaped until the feeding is finished.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In summary, this summary should not be construed to limit the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a blade/blisk omnidirectional feed pulsation state precision electrolytic machining device which characterized in that: the fixture comprises a fixture seat, a liquid inlet pipe and four tool cathodes, wherein the fixture seat is provided with a containing groove and four mounting grooves, the containing groove is internally used for placing a blank, the mounting grooves are internally respectively used for placing each tool cathode, the tool cathodes can move in the mounting grooves, the tool cathodes positioned at the front edges of blades to be formed are front edge cathodes, the tool cathodes positioned at the rear edges of the blades to be formed are rear edge cathodes, the tool cathodes positioned at the blade basins of the blades to be formed are blade basin cathodes, the tool cathodes positioned at the blade backs of the blades to be formed are blade back cathodes, and four side wall closed processing chambers are enclosed between the tool cathodes, the side walls of the processing chambers are always kept closed in the moving process of the tool cathodes, a processing gap is formed between the inner walls of the processing chambers and the outer walls of the blank, the liquid inlet pipe is installed on the fixture seat, the cathode of the tool is electrically connected with the cathode of the power supply, and the blank is electrically connected with the anode of the power supply.
2. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the blade forming device comprises a front edge cathode, a rear edge cathode, a blade basin cathode, a blade back cathode, a V-shaped groove and a V-shaped groove, wherein the side of the front edge cathode, which is close to the accommodating groove, and the side of the rear edge cathode, which is close to the accommodating groove, are both provided with the V-shaped groove, both side walls of the blade basin cathode and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove form a contact area comprising at least one contact line, both ends of the contact line of the blade basin cathode and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be formed, both side walls of the blade back cathode and the inner wall of the V-shaped groove form a contact area comprising at least one contact line, and both ends of the contact line of the blade back cathode and the V-shaped groove respectively extend to the blade tip and the blade root of the blade to be formed.
3. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the both sides wall of leaf basin negative pole can respectively with two the inner wall laminating in V type groove, the both sides wall of leaf back negative pole can respectively with two the inner wall laminating in V type groove, just the leading edge negative pole the trailing edge negative pole leaf basin negative pole with leaf back negative pole can be along the direction reciprocating motion that the mounting groove was close to or was kept away from each other.
4. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and four strands of electrolyte respectively flow into the four tool cathodes close to the blade root of the blade to be formed, respectively flow through the blade basin, the blade back, the front edge and the rear edge processing area of the blade, and then flow out from the blade tip in a crossed manner.
5. The electrolytic processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and four electrolyte flows in from the four tool cathodes respectively close to the blade tips of the blades to be formed, flows through the blade basin, the blade back, the front edge and the rear edge processing area of the blade and flows out from the blade roots.
6. A blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsation state precise electrolytic machining method is characterized in that: use of the electrolytic processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: installing the electrolytic machining device, placing a blank in the accommodating groove, respectively placing the tool cathodes in the installing grooves, enabling the tool cathodes to form a machining cavity with a closed side wall, and enabling the tool cathodes to be electrically connected with a power supply cathode and the blank to be electrically connected with a power supply anode;
s2: and electrifying, namely introducing electrolyte into the machining gap through the liquid inlet pipe, enabling the electrolyte to flow in through one end of the machining gap and flow out through the other end of the machining gap, enabling the cathodes of the tools to approach each other, electrifying the blank to form a blade, and keeping the side wall of the machining cavity closed all the time in the moving process of the cathodes of the tools.
7. The electrolytic processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: in step S2, the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode are moved back and forth in directions toward and away from each other, the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode move synchronously, a first feeding action is performed when the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode are close to each other, a first retracting action is performed when the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode are away from each other, the first feeding action and the first retracting action are performed alternately, a displacement amount of the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode when the first feeding action is performed is larger than a displacement amount of the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode when the first retracting action is performed, the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode are energized and processed near a nearest point of a blank during the first feeding action and the first retracting action, and a power supply is turned off when the leaf-pot cathode and the leaf-back cathode are at other positions; the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode respectively reciprocate along the mounting groove in the direction of approaching to or departing from each other, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode synchronously move, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode move in the direction of approaching to the blank in a second feeding motion and move in the direction of departing from the blank in a second retracting motion, the second feeding motion and the second retracting motion are performed in a crossed manner, the displacement of the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode during the second feeding motion is larger than that of the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode during the second retracting motion, the first feeding motion and the second feeding motion are performed simultaneously, the first retracting motion and the second retracting motion are performed simultaneously, and during the second feeding motion and the second retracting motion, the front edge cathode and the rear edge cathode are positioned near the nearest point of the blank and are subjected to electric machining, in other positions the power is off.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110598369.7A CN113210774A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110598369.7A CN113210774A (en) | 2021-05-31 | 2021-05-31 | Blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method |
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