CN112059333A - Blisk electrolytic machining device and method for blade full-profile liquid supply - Google Patents
Blisk electrolytic machining device and method for blade full-profile liquid supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN112059333A CN112059333A CN202010730223.9A CN202010730223A CN112059333A CN 112059333 A CN112059333 A CN 112059333A CN 202010730223 A CN202010730223 A CN 202010730223A CN 112059333 A CN112059333 A CN 112059333A
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- blade
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/10—Supply or regeneration of working media
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrolytic machining device and method for a blisk with full-profile liquid supply for blades, which respectively supply electrolyte to a blade basin, a blade back, an air inlet edge and an air outlet edge of each blade and belong to the field of electrolytic machining. The fixture body is provided with a main liquid supply channel and an auxiliary liquid supply channel. The main liquid supply flow passage comprises a blade back flow passage and a blade basin flow passage, and is used for supplying electrolyte to the blade back and the blade basin processing area respectively, and liquid inlets of the main liquid supply flow passage are arranged on the back of a blade back cathode and the back of a blade basin cathode; the auxiliary liquid supply flow channel comprises an air inlet edge flow channel and an air outlet edge flow channel, electrolyte is respectively supplied to the air inlet edge processing area and the air outlet edge processing area of the blade, and liquid inlets of the auxiliary liquid supply flow channel are arranged above the air inlet edge of the blade blank and below the air outlet edge. The blade back cathode, the blade basin cathode, the blisk workpiece and the fixture form a closed flow field mode with independently controlled electrolyte in each flow channel. The invention has the key points of supplying liquid to the full profile of the blade, improving the uniformity of a flow field in a processing area, improving the processing stability and the repeatability precision of an air inlet and exhaust edge and realizing the processing of the full profile of the blisk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blisk electrolytic machining device and method for full-profile liquid supply of a blade, and belongs to the technical field of electrolytic machining.
Background
The electrolytic machining is a technological method for machining and forming a workpiece according to a certain shape and size by means of a preformed cathode by utilizing the principle that metal is subjected to anodic dissolution in electrolyte. The electrolytic machining has the advantages of high machining efficiency, no tool loss, good machining surface quality, wide machining range and the like, and is applied to the industries of aviation, aerospace, weaponry and the like.
The flow field is an important factor influencing the stability, the surface quality and the processing repetition precision of the electrolytic processing, and the reasonable flow field design is the basis for the smooth electrolytic processing. In the prior blisk electrolytic machining method, GE and Ex-O-Cell companies in the United states adopt a lateral flow type to machine blisks, electrolyte enters from blades while air is exhausted, and electrolyte flows out while air is exhausted, and blisks with narrow blade grid channels cannot be machined due to integral block electrodes. The Nanjing aerospace university provides an electrolytic machining mode for a blisk profile of a three-dimensional composite flow field (see a patent of an electrolytic machining device and method for a blisk profile based on the three-dimensional composite flow field, application No. 201300453340.8, inventor Liujiawanglong Kao Xunyang Zhubei of Nanjing aerospace university), and the flow field mode supplies liquid from an air inlet edge to an air outlet edge and from a blade root to a blade tip in a composite mode, so that the problem of uneven distribution of lateral flow type flow field electrolyte is effectively solved, but liquid shortage easily occurs at the air outlet edge. The flow field mode effectively improves the stability of the flow field of the processed blade at the air inlet and outlet edge, and the upper and lower electrolyte flows along the tangential direction of the air inlet and outlet edge, and the technology is only suitable for blade processing and cannot realize the processing of a whole blade disc. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, a set of flow field mode suitable for the full-profile surface electrolytic machining of the blisk needs to be further designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a blisk electrolytic machining device and a blisk electrolytic machining method for blade full-profile liquid supply.
A blisk electrochemical machining apparatus for full profile blade liquid supply comprising: the anchor clamps body, negative pole body, electrolyte runner, its characterized in that:
the clamp body consists of a clamp front cover, a clamp front upper cover, a clamp front lower cover, a clamp rear cover, a blade back water retaining block, a blade basin water retaining block, an air inlet side liquid inlet flange, an air outlet side liquid inlet flange and a clamping device; cathode body channels are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the front clamp cover and the rear clamp cover; the fixture front cover is respectively connected with the fixture rear cover, the fixture front cover and the fixture front lower cover through fixing devices while being positioned by the positioning devices; a blisk workpiece placing table is arranged on the front cover of the clamp; the water retaining block of the blade back and the water retaining block of the blade basin are respectively connected with the placing platform of the integral blade disc workpiece through a fixing device; the inlet flange is connected with the front upper cover of the clamp through a fixing device; the exhaust side liquid inlet flange is connected with the clamp front cover and the clamp front lower cover through a fixing device;
the cathode body is arranged in the processing cavity and consists of a blade back cathode, a blade basin cathode, a blade back cathode rod and a blade basin cathode rod; the end part of the blade back cathode rod and the end part of the blade basin cathode rod oppositely extend into the processing cavity through the cathode body channel; the blade back cathode rod and the blade basin cathode rod are respectively arranged at the fixed ends of the blade back cathode and the blade basin cathode; the blade back cathode consists of a blade back cathode fixing section and a blade back cathode processing section; the leaf pot cathode consists of a leaf pot cathode fixing section and a leaf pot cathode processing section; the back of the blade back profile in the blade back cathode processing section is a first side face, and the back of the blade back cathode fixed end is a third side face; the back of the molded surface of the blade basin in the processing section of the blade basin cathode is a second side surface, and the back of the fixed end of the blade basin cathode is a fourth side surface; the blade back cathode processing section and the blade basin cathode processing section are designed according to the twisting condition of the blade, and the profile is an irregular curved surface;
the gaps between the blade back cathode, the blade basin cathode, the blisk workpiece and the fixture body form an electrolyte flow channel; a blade back runner liquid inlet and a blade basin runner liquid inlet are arranged on the rear cover of the clamp; an air inlet edge liquid inlet flow passage is arranged on the front upper cover of the clamp, and an intersection port of the air inlet edge liquid inlet flow passage and the machining cavity is positioned above the blade blank; an exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel is arranged on the front lower cover of the clamp, and an intersection port of the exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel and the machining cavity is positioned below the blade blank;
the electrolytic machining device also comprises a clamping device for clamping and fixing the clamp body and the blisk workpiece;
the number of the electrolyte runners is four, and the electrolyte is respectively conveyed to the blade back processing area, the blade basin processing area, the air inlet edge processing area and the air exhaust edge processing area;
the first path of electrolyte flows into the first side face of the blade back cathode from the blade back runner and enters the blade back machining gap around the machining gap on the front end face of the blade back cathode;
the second path of electrolyte flows into the second side surface of the leaf basin cathode through the leaf basin flow channel and enters the leaf basin processing gap around the processing gap on the front end surface of the leaf basin cathode;
the third path of auxiliary electrolyte enters the processing cavity from a liquid inlet flow channel at the air inlet side of the front upper cover of the clamp;
and the fourth path of auxiliary electrolyte enters the processing cavity through an exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel of the front lower cover of the clamp.
The blisk electrolytic machining device and the blisk electrolytic machining method for blade full-profile liquid supply are characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the four flow channels are used for conveying electrolyte to the processing areas of the blade back, the blade basin, the air inlet edge and the air exhaust edge respectively;
the four paths of electrolyte are intersected in the processing areas at the roots of the blade back cathode processing section and the blade basin cathode processing section, and the intersected electrolyte flows to the third side and the fourth side of the blade back cathode and the blade basin cathode and flows out through the electrolyte outlet of the clamp rear cover.
The invention relates to a blisk electrolytic machining device for blade full-profile liquid supply, which is characterized in that: a certain angle is formed between the blisk workpiece placing table and the cathode rod of the leaf basin and the cathode rod of the leaf back, so that the blisk workpiece is obliquely placed;
the invention relates to a blisk electrolytic machining device and a liquid supply mode of the blisk electrolytic machining method for supplying liquid to the full profile of a blade, which are characterized in that: the pressures of the first path of electrolyte and the second path of electrolyte are higher than the pressures of the third path of electrolyte and the fourth path of electrolyte, and the pressures of the first path of electrolyte and the second path of electrolyte are consistent while the pressures of the third path of electrolyte and the fourth path of electrolyte are consistent.
Advantageous effects
1. The invention designs a liquid supply mode for respectively supplying liquid to the air inlet edge, the air exhaust edge, the blade basin and the blade back of the blade, overcomes the defect that the flow field at the air inlet and exhaust edge is uncontrollable in the existing flow mode, assists the electrolyte to flow into a processing area along the air inlet and exhaust edge, enables the streamline disordered area of the air inlet and exhaust edge to move towards the molded surface, and is beneficial to the molding of the air inlet and exhaust edge.
2. Each part supplies liquid independently, so that the pressure and the flow velocity of the electrolyte at the air inlet and outlet edges are effectively improved, the electrolytic product is discharged in time, the stability of the flow field at the air inlet and outlet edges is improved, and the repeated precision of the air inlet and outlet edge processing is effectively improved.
3. The adaptability is strong, and the method is suitable for processing different types of leaf discs. The flow field structure form of the invention can be used for processing blisks of different types, and the pressure values of all parts can be adjusted according to the difference of the blade types and sizes of processed workpieces, so that the stable processing of the full contour is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall assembly
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of the clamp body
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a full-profile liquid supply mode of a blade
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a leaf-back cathode and a leaf-basin cathode
FIG. 5 blade schematic view
Number designation in the figures: 1. a blisk workpiece, 2, a clamping device, 3, a blade back water retaining block, 4, a clamp front lower cover, 5, an exhaust side liquid inlet flange, 6, an exhaust side liquid inlet channel, 7, a blade back cathode rod, 8, a clamp front cover, 9, a cathode body channel, 10, a clamp rear cover, 11, a liquid outlet, 12, a blade back channel, 13, a blade basin cathode rod, 14, a blade basin channel, 15, an intake side liquid inlet flange, 16, an intake side liquid inlet channel, 17, a clamp front upper cover, 18, a blade back cathode, 19, a blade basin cathode, 20, a blade basin cathode fixing end, 21, a blisk workpiece placing table, 22, a blade basin water retaining block, 23, a blade basin cathode processing section, 24, a processing cavity, 25, a blade back cathode processing section, 26, a blade back cathode fixing end, 27, a second side, 28, a first side, 29, a third side, 30, a fourth side, 31, a blade blank, 32, a blank, The blade comprises a blade inlet edge 33, a blade exhaust edge 34, a blade basin 35, a blade back 36, a blade tip 37 and a blade root.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the drawings:
the invention relates to a blisk electrolytic machining device and a blisk electrolytic machining method for blade full-profile liquid supply, wherein the process of electrolytically machining a workpiece comprises the following steps:
step one, installing a cathode and a cathode rod. The blade back cathode 18 is connected to the blade back cathode rod 7, the blade basin cathode 19 is connected to the blade basin cathode rod 13, the blade back cathode rod 3 and the blade basin cathode rod 13 are respectively arranged on numerical control motion shafts which move linearly in opposite directions, and the two cathode rods are connected with the negative pole of a power supply.
And step two, mounting the blisk workpiece 1. The electrolytic machining fixture is installed on the fixed base, the blisk workpiece is installed on the rotating platform, and the fixture disk is connected with the positive pole of the power supply.
And step three, mounting the fixture body. The clamp front cover 8 is respectively connected with the clamp rear cover 10, the clamp front upper cover 17 and the clamp front lower cover 4, the clamp front cover 8 is provided with a blisk workpiece placing table 21, the blisk water retaining block 22 and the blade back water retaining block 3 are connected with the placing table 21 of the blisk workpiece, the air inlet side liquid inlet flange 15 is connected with the clamp front upper cover 17, and the air outlet side liquid inlet flange 5 is connected with the clamp front cover 8 and the clamp front lower cover 4. The clamping devices are respectively clamped on two sides of the front upper cover 17 and the front lower cover 4 of the clamp, and the front upper cover 17 of the clamp, the front lower cover 4 of the clamp, the blisk workpiece 1, the leaf back water retaining block 3 and the leaf basin water retaining block 22 are kept stable by the clamping heads through adjusting screws in the machining process.
And step four, supplying electrolyte. Four flow channels are arranged and used for conveying electrolyte to the processing areas of the blade back, the blade basin, the air inlet edge and the air exhaust edge respectively. Electrolyte enters the machining gap through four controllable paths, the first path of electrolyte flows into the first side surface 28 of the blade back cathode from the blade back flow channel 12 and enters the machining cavity 24 around the machining gap on the front end surface of the blade back cathode 18; the second path of electrolyte flows into the second side surface 27 of the leaf basin cathode from the leaf basin flow channel 14 and enters the processing cavity 24 around the processing gap on the front end surface of the leaf basin cathode 19; the third path of auxiliary electrolyte flows into the processing cavity 24 from the inlet side liquid inlet flow channel 16 of the front upper cover 17 of the clamp; the fourth path of auxiliary electrolyte flows into the processing cavity 24 from the exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel 16 of the front lower cover 4 of the clamp; the four paths of electrolyte are intersected in the processing areas at the roots of the blade basin cathode processing section 23 and the blade back cathode processing section 25, and the intersected electrolyte flows to the third side 29 of the blade back cathode and the fourth side 30 of the blade basin cathode and flows out through the electrolyte outlet 11 of the clamp rear cover 10.
And step five, switching on an electrolytic machining power supply. The blade pot cathode 19 and the blade back cathode 18 are driven by the blade back cathode rod 7 and the blade pot cathode rod 13 to feed relatively, and the full-profile machining of the blade is realized. After the machining is finished, the cathode retreats to a safe distance, the clamping device 2, the blade back water retaining block 3 and the blade basin water retaining block 22 are disassembled, the blisk workpiece 1 retreats to the safe distance, the blisk workpiece returns to a machining position after rotating for a certain angle, the next blisk is machined, and finally the forming machining of all blades of the blisk is finished.
And step six, cutting off the electrolytic machining power supply after the machining is finished, closing a pump in the electrolyte circulating system loop, and returning each machining shaft of the machine tool to the initial position.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a blisk electrolytic machining device that full profile of blade supplied liquid, includes the anchor clamps body, the negative pole body, electrolyte runner, its characterized in that:
the clamp body consists of a clamp front cover (8), a clamp front upper cover (17), a clamp front lower cover (4), a clamp rear cover (10), a blade back water retaining block (3), a blade basin water retaining block (22), an air inlet side liquid inlet flange (15), an air outlet side liquid inlet flange (5) and a clamping device (2); two sides of the front clamp cover (8) and the rear clamp cover (10) are oppositely provided with cathode body channels (9); the clamp front cover (8) is respectively connected with the clamp rear cover (10), the clamp front upper cover (17) and the clamp front lower cover (4) through fixing devices; a blisk workpiece placing table (21) is arranged on the front clamp cover (8); the leaf basin water retaining block (22) and the leaf back water retaining block (3) are respectively connected with the integral leaf disc workpiece placing table (21) through fixing devices; the air inlet side liquid inlet flange (15) is connected with the front upper cover (17) of the clamp through a fixing device; the water retaining block (3) of the blade back is connected with the clamp front cover (8) and the clamp front lower cover (4) through a fixing device;
the cathode body is arranged in the processing cavity (24) and consists of a blade back cathode (18), a blade basin cathode (19), a blade back cathode rod (7) and a blade basin cathode rod (13); the end part of the blade back cathode rod (7) and the end part of the blade basin cathode rod (13) respectively extend into the processing cavity (24) through the cathode body channel (9) in opposite directions; the blade back cathode rod (7) and the blade basin cathode rod (13) are respectively connected with the rear end faces of the blade back cathode (18) and the blade basin cathode (19) fixing sections; the blade back cathode (18) is composed of a blade back cathode fixing section (26) and a blade back cathode processing section (25); the leaf basin cathode (19) is composed of a leaf basin cathode fixing section (20) and a leaf basin cathode processing section (23); the back of a blade back profile (35) in the blade back cathode processing section (25) is a first side surface (28), the back of a blade basin profile (34) in the blade basin cathode processing section (23) is a second side surface (27), the back of a blade back cathode fixed end (26) is a third side surface (29), and the back of a blade basin cathode fixed end (20) is a fourth side surface (30); the blade back cathode molded surface (35) and the blade basin cathode molded surface (34) are designed according to the twisting condition of the blade, and the molded surfaces are irregular curved surfaces;
the gaps among the leaf basin cathode (19), the leaf back cathode (18), the blisk workpiece (1) and the fixture body form an electrolyte flow channel; a blade back runner liquid inlet (12) and a blade basin runner liquid inlet (14) are arranged on the clamp rear cover (10); an air inlet edge liquid inlet flow channel (16) is arranged on the front upper cover (17) of the clamp, and an intersection port of the air inlet edge liquid inlet flow channel and the processing cavity (24) is positioned above the blade blank; an exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel (6) is arranged on the front lower cover (4) of the clamp, and an intersection port of the exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel and the processing cavity (24) is positioned below the blade blank (31);
the electrolytic machining device also comprises a clamping device for clamping and fixing the clamp body and the blisk workpiece (1);
the number of the electrolyte runners is four, and the electrolyte is respectively conveyed to the blade back processing area, the blade basin processing area, the air inlet edge processing area and the air exhaust edge processing area;
the first path of electrolyte flows into a first side surface (28) of the blade back cathode from the blade back flow channel (12) and enters the blade back machining gap around the machining gap on the front end surface of the blade back cathode (18);
the second path of electrolyte flows into a second side surface (27) of the leaf basin cathode through the leaf basin flow channel (14) and enters the leaf basin processing gap around the processing gap on the front end surface of the leaf basin cathode (19);
the third path of auxiliary electrolyte enters the processing cavity (24) from an inlet side liquid inlet flow channel (16) of the front upper cover (17) of the clamp;
and the fourth path of auxiliary electrolyte enters the processing cavity (24) from an exhaust edge liquid inlet flow channel (6) of the front lower cover (4) of the clamp.
2. The blisk electrochemical machining apparatus for full-profile blade supply as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an angle for obliquely placing the blisk workpiece is formed between the blisk workpiece placing table (21) and the cathode rod (13) and the cathode rod (7) of the blisk.
3. A method of using the blisk electrochemical machining apparatus with full profile liquid supply of the blade of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the four flow channels are used for conveying electrolyte to the processing areas of the blade back, the blade basin, the air inlet edge and the air exhaust edge respectively;
the four paths of electrolyte are intersected in a processing area at the root of the blade back cathode processing section (25) and the blade basin cathode processing section (23), and the intersected electrolyte flows to a third side surface (29) and a fourth side surface (30) of a blade back cathode and a blade basin cathode and flows out through a liquid outlet (11) of the clamp rear cover (10);
the blade basin cathode (19) and the blade back cathode (18) are driven by the blade back cathode rod (7) and the blade basin cathode rod (13) to feed relatively, so that the full profile machining of the blade is realized;
after the machining is finished, the cathode retreats to a safe distance, the clamping device (2), the blade back water retaining block (3) and the blade basin water retaining block (22) are disassembled, the blisk workpiece (1) retreats to the safe distance, the blisk workpiece returns to a machining position after rotating for a certain angle, the next piece of blisk workpiece is machined, and finally the forming machining of all blades of the blisk is finished.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the pressures of the first path of electrolyte and the second path of electrolyte are higher than the pressures of the third path of electrolyte and the fourth path of electrolyte, and the pressures of the first path of electrolyte and the second path of electrolyte are consistent while the pressures of the third path of electrolyte and the fourth path of electrolyte are consistent.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010730223.9A CN112059333B (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Blisk electrolytic machining device and method for blade full-profile liquid supply |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010730223.9A CN112059333B (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Blisk electrolytic machining device and method for blade full-profile liquid supply |
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| CN112059333A true CN112059333A (en) | 2020-12-11 |
| CN112059333B CN112059333B (en) | 2021-11-19 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113210774A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Blade/blisk omnidirectional feeding pulsating-state precise electrolytic machining device and method |
| CN113210775A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Dynamic electrolytic shaping device for air inlet and outlet side pulse of blade or blisk |
| CN113245646A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Cathode and workpiece cooperative pulsation state precision electrolytic machining method |
| CN113333882A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-03 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Accurate regulation and control equipment of closed structure blade electrolytic machining flow field |
| CN113333878A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electrochemical sleeve shape processing device for bending-torsion variable-section blade |
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| CN113333878A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electrochemical sleeve shape processing device for bending-torsion variable-section blade |
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