CN113207470B - Argon-based liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Argon-based liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of development and application of liquid growth regulators for plants and edible fungi. The concentration of argon in the liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi is 3-50 mL dissolved in each liter of solution. Solvents used include, but are not limited to, water, edible fungus culture broth, solutions containing fertilizers or pesticides. The plant and edible fungus growth regulator can promote growth and development, increase stress resistance, increase yield and quality, reduce heavy metal accumulation and pesticide residue, promote nutrient absorption, improve germplasm, improve soil and culture medium. The growth regulator has the characteristics of green, environment protection, low cost, sustainability and multiple effects, can be used independently, can be used in combination with other growth regulators and pesticides and fertilizers, and can be widely applied to the fields of crop breeding, fruit and vegetable planting, flower and grass cultivation, medicinal material planting, plant tissue culture, edible fungus planting, soil and cultivation matrix improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of development and application of growth regulating substances, in particular to a liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The growth of plants and edible fungi is closely related to the development of agricultural economy. Various adverse environments such as drought stress, salt stress, heavy metal stress, plant diseases and insect pests, nutrient element deficiency and the like are often faced in the growth process of plants and edible fungi. These adverse factors can seriously affect the growth state of plants and edible fungi, and the yield and quality of crops and edible fungi are greatly reduced, even dead. In order to promote the development of agricultural economy, many methods for promoting the growth of plants and edible fungi or improving the stress resistance of plants and edible fungi have been studied, and growth regulators are one of the important directions.
The plant and edible fungus growth regulator is a substance which is artificially synthesized and has similar physiological and biological effects with the plant and edible fungus hormone after people know the structure and action mechanism of the natural plant hormone, can effectively regulate the growth process of the plant and the edible fungus, achieves the purposes of stabilizing the yield and increasing the yield, improving the quality, enhancing the stress resistance and the like, and becomes one of the effective measures for realizing high quality and high yield in modern agriculture. In recent years, with the continuous increase of population and the continuous increase of demands of people, the demands of growth regulators for plants and edible fungi have been greatly increased.
It is known that although there is a strict limitation on the amount of the plant and edible fungus growth regulator used during use, it is not excluded that it remains in the plant and edible fungus bodies; meanwhile, if the edible fungi are used excessively or improperly, the plant and the edible fungi can grow to be malformed, and the normal growth and development are disturbed, so that flowering, fruiting and the like are affected. In addition, the potential risk of using certain synthetic growth regulators in large quantities is not certain. Therefore, the development of novel plant and edible fungi growth regulators which are green, pollution-free, simple in components and low in cost is a current problem to be solved urgently.
Argon is a colorless, odorless, nontoxic rare gas, and is also the most inert gas, accounting for about 0.93% of the air, next to nitrogen and oxygen. Medical research shows that argon may have important clinical application value, and many researches have been conducted at present to find organ protection, especially neuroprotection, of argon. In addition, research on fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables by argon has been reported, for example, the fresh-keeping period of cherries can be prolonged by using 85% (volume ratio) of argon as a gaseous fresh-keeping component (Yang et al, postharvest Biology and Technology,2019, 14:59-64), and the fresh-keeping period of green peppers and cucumbers can be prolonged after being treated by pressurized argon (about 5-40 standard atmospheres) (Meng et al, postharvest Biology and Technology,2012, 71:13-20; meng et al, food and Bioprocess Technology,2014, 7:693-701). However, the direct application of the gas still has great limitation, especially the use difficulty of high-pressure argon is more difficult, and the practical value is extremely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the liquid growth regulator not only can promote the growth and development of the plants and the edible fungi, improve stress resistance, improve yield and quality, reduce pesticide residues, promote nutrient element absorption, improve germplasm and soil and culture medium, but also can avoid the problem of residue in the use process of the traditional growth regulator. Meanwhile, the growth regulator does not pollute soil and environment, so the growth regulator can be used for a long time.
The present invention is in the pre-harvest field, as opposed to the fresh keeping of agricultural products, which is in the post-harvest field. Because the growth regulator adopts the form of argon gas introducing solution, the application form is completely different from the application mode of argon gas mixed gas or high-pressure argon gas used for the argon gas fresh-keeping of agricultural products. In summary, the invention is essentially different from the postharvest preservation technology of argon.
In general, the argon-based liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi has the characteristics of convenient use, environment friendliness, low cost, sustainability and multiple effects.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
argon-based plant and edible fungus liquid growth regulator and preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of introducing argon into a solvent to ensure that the concentration of the argon in the solvent is 3-50 mL in each liter of solution; solvents include, but are not limited to, water, edible fungus culture broth, solutions containing fertilizers or pesticides.
The liquid growth regulator for plant and edible fungus based on argon gas may be used in spraying, irrigating or soaking plant and edible fungus with 3-50 mL argon solution. The growth regulator can be used alone, and can also be used in combination with edible fungus culture solution, other growth regulators and pesticide and chemical fertilizer.
The liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon gas provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) The cost is low: the argon used in the invention is the gas widely applied in the industry at present, the content in the air is up to 0.93%, and the production process is very mature;
2) The safety is good: the argon used in the invention is nontoxic gas;
3) No pollution, no residue and sustainability: the invention can avoid the problems of toxic substance residue, soil pollution, environment pollution and the like in the production practice of plants and edible fungi by using the traditional growth regulator, so the invention can be used for a long time;
4) The application range is wide: the invention can be widely applied to plants and edible fungi, including but not limited to the fields of crop breeding, fruit and vegetable planting, flower and plant cultivation, medicinal material planting, plant tissue culture, edible fungus planting, soil and culture medium improvement.
Detailed Description
Project measurement and method
The main root length of alfalfa is measured by a vernier caliper.
The root biomass of alfalfa was measured with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.001 g.
Elemental phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and cadmium levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES, perkin Elmer Optima 2100 DV) [1]. The samples under different treatments were washed 3 times with deionized water for 5 minutes each, and dried at 80℃to constant weight. After the digestion solution was fixed in volume, the elemental phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and cadmium content was determined using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, perkin Elmer Optima 2100 DV).
Fruit yield was harvested at the 5 th ear inflorescence of the tomato plant, the ears were harvested, and individual plant yields of each treated tomato fruit were recorded by measuring with an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g.
Mature fruits with uniform size are selected from the 2 nd ear fruits and the 3 rd ear fruits on tomato plants, 20 fruits are taken for each treatment, and the longitudinal diameter, the transverse diameter and the quality of the tomato fruits under different treatment conditions are measured. The longitudinal diameter and the transverse stem are measured by a vernier caliper.
The Vc content is determined by a 2, 6-dichloro indophenol titration method [2], the soluble protein content is determined by a Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 method [2], and the soluble sugar content is determined by an anthrone colorimetric method [3 ].
The quick-acting phosphorus and quick-acting potassium content [4] is measured by adopting a combined leaching-colorimetry method, and the soil hydrolytic nitrogen content [4] is measured by adopting an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method.
Measurement of the amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, see Qu Zhongyi et al [4]Is measured by the method of (2). Culturing microorganism by dilution coating plate method, wherein the bacteria use beef extract peptone culture medium, and dilution concentration is 10 -5 、10 -6 、10 -7 After incubation for 24h at 37℃with inversion, counts were taken. Actinomycetes use culture medium of Gao's No. 1, dilution concentration is 10 -4 、10 -5 、10 -6 After 4d of inversion incubation at 28℃counts. The fungi were cultured in Ma Dingshi medium at diluted concentrations of 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, and at 28℃for 4 days in an inverted manner and counted.
Calculating the number of plants according to a method [5] with the superb Han Yong, wherein the plants without obvious disease spots are healthy plants; disease rate = disease/total number of plants x 100%.
The measurement of the average total triterpene content is carried out by the method described in [6] of Wang Mingyu.
Callus induction = induction derivative/number of vaccinations x 100%.
Fold increase in callus= (weight after callus culture-weight before culture)/mass before callus culture).
Adventitious bud differentiation rate = adventitious bud number/callus inoculation number x 100%.
The residual pesticide removal efficiency test is carried out by adopting a verification method of the residual pesticide removal efficiency in annex A in the GB/T24691 fruit and vegetable cleaning agent, and the residual pesticide removal rate is calculated. Evaluation grade: 1 grade, the removal rate of the residual pesticide is more than 95 percent; 2, the removal rate of the residual pesticide is 90-95%;3, the removal rate of the residual pesticide is 85-90%;4 grade, the removal rate of the residual pesticide is lower than 85 percent.
Evaluation of fruit wax removal efficacy: firstly weighing the total weight of fruits to be tested, recording M1, measuring the total weight of the fruits after dip-coating fruit wax and air-drying, recording M2, weighing the total weight again after washing and air-drying the fruits, recording M3, and calculating (M2-M3)/(M2-M1) x 100% according to the following formula. Evaluation grade: grade 1, fruit wax removal rate is more than 90%;2, the fruit wax removal rate is 85-90%; grade 3, fruit wax removal rate of 75-85%, grade 4, fruit wax removal rate of less than 75%. The smaller the number of rinsing times, the higher the fruit wax removal rate, and the better the rinsing performance.
The thousand grain weight detection of the corn is measured by referring to a thousand grain weight detection method for detecting grains and oil in GB 5519-85.
Germination rate detection was calculated as described in reference to method [7] of golden swallow et al. Germination rate = number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds x 100%.
The measurement of the maize dwarf percentage is carried out by the method [8] described in reference to Wang Wenxiu.
[1] Kou Jiangtao influence of exogenous EBR on inorganic ion uptake, transport and partitioning of oat seedlings under NaCl stress. J.ecological, 2020, 39:855-864.
[2] Li Ling plant physiology Module Experimental guidance [ M ]. Beijing: scientific press 2009, 48-50.
[3] Chen Jianxun, wang Xiaofeng plant physiology experimental guidance [ M ]. Guangzhou: south China university of Italy Press, 2006, 75-76.
[4] Qu Zhongyi, sun Huihui, yang Bo, gao Xiaoyu, wang Liming, wang Liping. Effects of different modifiers on saline-alkali soil microorganisms and crop yield. Agricultural machinery journal, 2021.
[5] Han Yongchao, zeng Xiangguo, cloud, chen Feng, gu Yucheng. Identification of resistance of new product seed jade of strawberry to anthracnose and gray mold. Hubei agricultural science, 2015, 54:3153-3156.
[6] Wang Mingyu, parsley, yin Ting, li Quanliang, ji Haixun, zhao Chaoyue, li Saiyuan, wang Xiu. Influence of cadmium stress on Ganoderma mycelium growth and metabolite accumulation. Chinese herbal medicines, 2019, 50:3444-3452.
[7] The root of golden swallow, hu Daming, zheng Chao, hua Lin, zhang Jun. The reasons and solutions for the error in detecting the germination rate of seeds are discussed [ J ]. Shanghai agriculture technology, 2019:127-128.
[8] Maize dwarf rate assay reference Wang Wenxiu, zheng Gongyan, xu Miaoyun, junjie, zhang Lan, wang Lei screening of maize dwarf mutants and candidate gene identification [ J ]. Chinese agricultural science and technology guide, 2019, 21:27-34.
Example 1: argon solution for improving salt tolerance of alfalfa
Alfalfa No. Gan Nong is used as a material, cultured in Hoagland nutrient solution with 1/4 intensity for 4 days (12000 lx, light-dark period 14h/10 h), and then seedlings are transplanted into argon nutrient solution with 150mmol/L NaCl and are treated. The nutrient solution of argon with different concentrations is prepared by introducing argon in a gas steel cylinder and a nano aeration head into the nutrient solution. After 3 days, the average root length and root biomass of alfalfa were counted and the contents of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron elements were measured. Each treatment contained 50 seedlings and the test was repeated 3 times.
The specific treatment is as follows:
control: hoagland nutrient solution containing 150mmol/L NaCl and having 1/4 intensity;
ar 0.3%: adding argon with the concentration of 0.3% into the control solution;
ar 1%: adding argon with the concentration of 1% into the control solution;
ar 2%: argon was added to the control solution at a concentration of 2%.
Wherein 0.3%, 1% and 2% represent 3mL, 10mL and 20mL of argon, respectively, per liter of solvent.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 Effect of argon solutions on alfalfa root length and root biomass
The test results show that 0.3%, 1% and 2% argon-rich solutions with different concentrations can relieve the inhibition of salt stress on alfalfa growth and promote the absorption of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron elements by alfalfa roots. Wherein a 1% strength argon solution works best. The above results indicate that the argon solution can enhance the salt tolerance of alfalfa and enhance its absorption of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron elements.
Example 2: the argon gas solution can promote tomato growth, increase tomato yield and improve tomato quality
Tomato "big fruit tomato new star 101" is used as material. The test design is as follows: 10 foam boxes of 120cm by 100cm by 50cm were each treated, each foam box was filled with the same volume of soil or cultivation substrate (turf: wormcast: vermiculite: perlite=4:3:2:1), 6 seedlings were planted per foam box, 3 replicates per treatment, and random granules were arranged in a greenhouse. When the tomato seedlings grow to 4-5 pieces, the seedlings are planted in She Shiyi, different treatment solutions are irrigated at fixed time according to weather conditions, and 4 liters of treatment solutions are irrigated each time. The specific treatment is as follows:
soil: watering the soil with surface water;
ar 2%: pouring surface water containing 2% concentration argon into soil;
hemin: pouring surface water containing 100 mu M of hemin into soil;
ar 2% + Hemin: pouring surface water containing 2% concentration argon and 100 mu M chlorhydrin into soil;
and (3) water fertilizer: watering the soil with water fertilizer (water agent, calcium and magnesium are more than or equal to 100g/L, boron is 1-10g/L, produced by Anhui's agriculture technology Co., ltd., diluted by 500 times with surface water);
ar 2% + water fertilizer: pouring water fertilizer containing 2% concentration argon into soil;
a cultivation substrate: watering the culture medium with surface water;
ar 2% + cultivation substrate: the cultivation substrate was watered with surface water containing 2% argon gas.
Wherein 2% represents 20mL of argon per liter of solvent.
After the tomatoes are ripe, the average individual yield, the soluble sugar content, the Vc content, the soluble protein content and the longitudinal and transverse stems of the tomatoes are measured according to the method, and the quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and hydrolytic nitrogen content and the bacterial, actinomycetes and fungi quantity of the soil and the culture medium treated by the argon-rich solution are detected.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 Effect of argon solution on tomato yield and quality
TABLE 3 Effect of argon solutions on soil and cultivation substrate
The results show that compared with the control, the argon solution, the hemin and the water fertilizer can improve the single plant yield, the average longitudinal diameter and the average transverse diameter of tomatoes, and improve the content of soluble sugar, vc and soluble protein. And the argon solution and the chlorhexidine or the water fertilizer are compounded to have a superposition effect, and the effect is better than that of independent treatment. In addition, the contents of quick-acting phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and hydrolytic nitrogen in the soil irrigated by the argon-rich surface water and the culture medium are respectively higher than those in the soil irrigated by the surface water without argon.
The results show that the argon gas solution can improve the yield and quality of tomatoes, has a superposition effect when being used together with other growth regulators and fertilizers, and can improve the content of available elements of soil and culture medium and the content of microbial colonies.
Example 3: the argon solution can obviously increase the resistance of corn to rust
Rust disease of cornIs a destructive disease caused by a plurality of stacks of corn stalk rust bacteria, and seriously threatens the safety of corn production. The experiment uses "Weike 702" as the experimental study object, and the following 7 treatments, 3 times of repetition and random arrangement are designed, and each treatment corn is planted in 64m respectively 2 In the cement ponds (8 m multiplied by 8 m), a protection row is arranged in the middle of each cement pond. Spraying different treatment solutions at the planting period for 3 months, wherein the spraying is performed for 3 times. The number of plants was investigated after 3 months, and the incidence was calculated.
The specific treatment is as follows:
con: spraying normal surface water;
ar 3%: control spray containing 3% argon;
and (3) pesticide: 15% triazolone wettable powder;
ar 3% + pesticides: pesticide spray containing 3% concentration argon.
Wherein 3% represents an argon content of 30mL per liter of solvent.
200 plants were continuously investigated at each point, each of which was investigated for the middle 5 leaves (2 leaves on female ears, leaves on ear and 2 leaves under ears).
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 4 Effect of argon solutions on corn rust
| Treatment of | Average number of plants | Average disease rate (%) |
| Con | 51 | 25.5 |
| Ar 3％ | 46 | 23.0 |
| Pesticide | 41 | 20.5 |
| Ar 3% + pesticide | 37 | 18.5 |
As shown in Table 4, compared with the normal surface water spraying, the surface water containing 3% of argon and the 15% of triazolone wettable powder can reduce the average plant number and plant disease rate and enhance the resistance of corn to rust. And the 3% argon solution and the 15% triazolone wettable powder have a superposition effect, and the disease incidence control effect is better than that of the independent argon solution and the independent triazolone wettable powder. The test results show that the argon gas solution can reduce the incidence rate of corn rust and has a superposition effect with other pesticides.
Example 4: argon solution for promoting growth and development of ganoderma lucidum
The red sesame Ganoderma lucidum (Leys. Ex Fr.) Karst used for the test was purchased from China center for type culture Collection. Round pieces (d=0.5 cm) were first inoculated in the center of PDA solid plate medium and dark cultured at 28 ℃ for 5 days. Then inoculating 5 Ganoderma mycelia with culture medium of 0.5mm×0.5mm into culture medium (volume ratio of wood chip, cotton seed hull and testa Tritici is 1:1:1; culture medium is mixed, bagging, and culturing bags with polypropylene plastic bagged culture medium of 20mm×30mm 1kg at 128 deg.C and steam sterilization at 0.15MPa for 2.5 hr) to obtain full bags. Each treatment was performed on 30 packets, 3 replicates. When mycelium grows up to fungus bags, the mycelium is moved to a greenhouse for opening bags and discharging the fungus bags when the outdoor temperature is proper, the temperature is kept at 25-30 ℃ and the humidity is kept at 85-90%, and water or 3% argon water solution is sprayed for 3-4 times every day (water is sprayed into the air to form mist). The bag filling time, the average fresh weight of the ganoderma lucidum and the total triterpene content of the ganoderma lucidum are measured during the collection. 3% in the experiment represents an argon content of 30mL per liter of solvent.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 Effect of cultivation substrate of argon-containing solution on Ganoderma lucidum growth
The above results show that the ganoderma lucidum cultured by spraying 3% of argon water solution has the bag filling time longer than that of the common culture medium, and the average weight of single ganoderma lucidum and the average total triterpene content are higher than those of the common culture medium. The results show that the argon gas solution can promote the growth of ganoderma lucidum and improve the quality of ganoderma lucidum.
Example 5: the argon solution can improve the induction rate of the callus of the Chinese cabbage and the differentiation rate of the adventitious buds
The variety of the Chinese cabbage used in the test is Beijing Xinsan. Cabbage seeds were first grown into seedlings by 5 days, the seedlings were cut at the growing point position with the cotyledons with the handles as explants, and the cotyledons with the handles were subjected to the following 4 different treatments.
The treatment is as follows:
control: soaking cotyledon with stalk with sterilized water for 30 min;
mixing 1: soaking cotyledon with stalk in sterilized water containing 1% concentration argon for 30 min;
mixing 2: soaking cotyledon with stalk in sterilized water containing 3% concentration argon for 30 min;
mixing 3: the cotyledon with the stalk is soaked in sterilized water containing 5% concentration of argon gas for 30 min.
Wherein 1%, 3% and 5% represent argon content of 10mL, 20mL and 50mL, respectively, per liter of solution.
Then the treated cotyledons with handles are respectively inserted into 4 bottles of the same solid culture medium for inducing callus, 25 cotyledons with handles are placed on each bottle of the culture medium, the induction culture medium contains 2 mg/L6-BA and 0.3mg/LNAA, and 7mg/L AgNO is added into the culture medium 3 Prevent browning. The culture temperature is 23 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 160 mu molm -2 s -1 The light/dark was 16/8h. After 5 days of treatment, a calli expansion degree meter was observedCalculating the induction rate, the weight gain multiple and the adventitious bud differentiation rate of the callus, counting the weight gain multiple of the callus, treating for 7 days, observing the differentiation degree of the adventitious buds, and counting the differentiation rate of the adventitious buds. The test was set up in 3 replicates, 3 replicates per test.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 6 argon solution to promote cabbage callus development
The results show that compared with the control group, the induction rate, the weight gain multiple and the adventitious bud differentiation rate of the Chinese cabbage callus soaked by the sterilized water containing 1%, 3% and 5% of argon are obviously improved, and the culture period is shortened. The results show that the argon gas solution can promote the growth of the Chinese cabbage callus.
Example 6: the argon solution can reduce pesticide residue in apples
Apples (red Fuji of Shanxi province) with bright color and uniform size are selected as materials and purchased in the local fruit wholesale market of Nanjing. 300 apples were randomly divided into 5 treatments, 3 replicates each, 20 apples each. And cleaning the grouped apples, and finally detecting the pesticide content. Argon in the steel cylinder is introduced into distilled water, so that argon-rich liquid plant growth regulators with different concentrations are prepared.
The set processing is as follows:
control: clear water;
ar 1%: clear water containing 1% of argon;
ar 2%: clear water containing 2% of argon;
ar 5%: clear water containing 5% of argon;
fruit and vegetable cleaners (brand: OEM ODM; place of origin: china).
Wherein 1%, 2% and 5% represent argon content of 10mL, 20mL and 50mL, respectively, per liter of solution.
TABLE 7 Effect of argon solutions on apple pesticide residue
| Treatment of | Residual pesticide washing and removing effect | Fruit wax removing effect |
| Control | 2 | 3 |
| Ar 1％ | 1 | 1 |
| Ar 2％ | 1 | 1 |
| Ar 5％ | 1 | 1 |
| Fruit and vegetable cleaning agent | 1 | 1 |
Test results show that compared with the control, the effects of the argon water solutions with different concentrations and the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent are the same, so that the pesticide residue of apples can be reduced, and the fruit pull removing effect can be improved. The results show that the argon gas solution can reduce pesticide residues of apples.
Example 7: the argon solution can promote the growth of Pleurotus geesteranus
The Pleurotus geesteranus strain is from China center for type culture Collection of microorganisms, and has a strain number of JAUCC1246. Firstly, PDA flat-plate expansion culture is carried out on strains, and then the strains are transferred to argon liquid culture mediums (200 g of potato, 20g of glucose, 1.5g of peptone and KH) containing different concentrations 2 PO 4 3.0g、MgSO 4 1.5g, 1000mL of water), 160r min -1 Culturing at 28 deg.c for 7-10 d. Weighing raw materials according to a formula with total weight of 250g (37.5% of rape straw, 37.5% of chaff, 16% of wheat bran, 5% of corn flour, 2% of gypsum and 2% of lime), adding water, stirring uniformly, and packaging into polypropylene fungus bags with specification of 14cm multiplied by 28cm on average for sterilization at 121 ℃ for 100min.
The setting process is as follows:
control: inoculating after culturing in the liquid culture medium, and culturing by spraying distilled water;
treatment 1: culturing in a liquid culture medium containing 2% argon, inoculating, and spraying distilled water containing 2% (volume ratio) argon for culturing;
treatment 2: after the culture in the liquid medium containing 5% argon, inoculation was performed, and distilled water containing 5% (by volume) argon was sprayed for the culture.
Wherein 2% and 5% represent 20mL and 50mL of argon, respectively, per liter of solution.
Each fungus bag is inoculated with 20-30 mycelium pellets. After inoculation, the fungus bags are transferred to a fungus culturing room at 26 ℃ for light-proof culture. After the fungus bags are fully grown by hypha, the hypha is transferred to a fruiting room for bud forcing, the fruiting temperature is 13-18 ℃, the air humidity is 85-90%, the spores are picked at proper time before ejection, the weight of each bag of fungus bag is respectively recorded, the average weight is calculated, and only the first three batches of fruiting bodies are collected for weighing and measuring. The test was repeated 3 times, 3 replicates each.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 8 Effect of argon solution on Pleurotus geesteranus growth
The test results show that the average three-stubble continuous culture of the pleurotus geesteranus cultivated by the argon solution with the concentration of 2 percent and 5 percent is higher than that of the control group. The results show that the argon solution can promote the growth of the pleurotus geesteranus and improve the yield of the pleurotus geesteranus.
Example 8: argon can improve the quality of corn breeding seeds
The corn varieties used in the test are the Wei-ground 6000 and wild short-stalk corn, the test site is the corn breeding field of the suburb of Zhenjiang, and the breeding mode is cross breeding. The 1 mu test field is divided into 4 parts, and the commercial fresh element emasculation agent aqueous solution which is filled with argon are respectively prepared by using surface water and sprayed in the 6-7 leaf period of the corn. The setting process is as follows:
emasculation agent: spraying a commercial green fresh element emasculation agent prepared by surface water;
ar 1% + emasculation agent: introducing argon into commercial fresh green vegetable solution prepared in surface water to make the concentration of argon be 1% (volume)
Ratio), then spraying;
ar 5% + emasculation agent: argon is introduced into commercial fresh green vegetable solution prepared in surface water to make the concentration of the argon be 5% (volume ratio), and then the commercial fresh green vegetable solution is sprayed.
Wherein 1% and 5% represent argon content of 10mL and 50mL, respectively, per liter of solvent.
After the seeds are harvested after the breeding is finished, the thousand seed weight, germination rate and low stalk rate after the re-planting of the seeds are measured. The results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 9 Effect of argon solution on seed quality from maize breeding
| Treatment of | Thousand grain weight (g) | Germination rate (%) | Low bar yield (%) |
| Emasculation agent | 262.3 | 87.3 | 38.1 |
| Ar 1% + emasculation agent | 291.4 | 94.6 | 43.9 |
| Ar 5% + emasculation agent | 299.8 | 93.7 | 42.6 |
The results show that the emasculation agent containing 1% and 5% argon gas can increase thousand seed weight and germination rate of seeds obtained by breeding and increase low stalk rate compared with the emasculation agent alone. The results show that the argon solution treatment can improve the quality of corn breeding seeds.
Example 10: argon solution improves cadmium resistance of alfalfa and reduces accumulation of heavy metals
Culturing herba Medicaginis No. Gan Nong No. 3 in 1/4 strength Hoagland nutrient solution for 4 days (12000 lx, light dark period 14h/10 h), and transferring the seedlings into culture medium containing 100 μmol/L CdCl 2 Is treated by argon nutrient solutions with different concentrations. The nutrient solution of argon with different concentrations is prepared by introducing argon in a gas steel cylinder into nutrient solution. After 3 days, the root weight of alfalfa was counted and the root cadmium content was measured. Each treatment contained 50 seedlings and the test was repeated 3 times.
The specific treatment is as follows:
control: containing 100 mu mol/L CdCl 2 1/4 th the strength of Hoagland nutrient solution;
ar 1%: adding argon with the concentration of 1% into the solution;
wherein 1% represents an argon content of 10mL per liter of solvent.
The test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 10 influence of argon solution on alfalfa root weight and cadmium content
| Treatment of | Root weight (g) | Cadmium (mg g) -1 DW) |
| Control | 0.0016 | 3.4 |
| Ar 1％ | 0.0018 | 2.8 |
The results show that compared with the single cadmium stress, the solution containing 1% of argon can obviously relieve the inhibition of cadmium stress on the growth of alfalfa seedling roots and reduce the accumulation of cadmium at the roots.
In conclusion, the liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon, and the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the invention can promote the growth and development of the plants and the edible fungi, improve the stress resistance of the plants and the edible fungi, and also improve the yield and the quality. The invention can be used in the field of plant planting, edible fungus planting, soil and culture medium improvement.
The above examples are merely illustrative examples for the clearer description of the invention and are not limiting of the embodiments, which need not be nor exhaustive of all embodiments. While obvious variations or modifications are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention should be defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon is characterized in that the concentration of argon in the liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi is 3-50 mL of argon dissolved in each liter of solution.
2. A liquid plant and edible fungus growth regulator according to claim 1 wherein the solvent used includes, but is not limited to, water, edible fungus culture solution, fertilizer or pesticide containing solution.
3. The liquid plant and edible fungus growth regulator according to claim 1, wherein the plant comprises a seed, plant, inflorescence, fruit or tissue culture material of a monocot, dicot or gymnosperm.
4. The plant and edible fungi growth regulator of claim 1 wherein said edible fungi comprises edible fungi.
5. A preparation method of a liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon is characterized in that argon is introduced into a solvent to form an argon-rich solution.
6. The application of the liquid growth regulator for plants and edible fungi based on argon is characterized in that the liquid growth regulator can promote growth and development, increase stress resistance, improve yield and quality, reduce heavy metal accumulation and pesticide residues, promote nutrient element absorption, improve germplasm, improve soil and culture medium.
7. The application of the argon-based plant and edible fungus liquid growth regulator is characterized in that the application range comprises, but is not limited to, crop breeding, fruit and vegetable planting, flower and plant cultivation, medicinal material planting, plant tissue culture, edible fungus planting field, soil and cultivation matrix improvement field.
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