CN113195831A

CN113195831A - Rail loading train for transporting long welded rails

Info

Publication number: CN113195831A
Application number: CN201980083110.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: R·丹茨; E·齐默尔曼; B·科利; M·温特
Original assignee: Robel Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Current assignee: Robel Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date: 2018-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Also published as: EP3899139A1; WO2020126535A1; DE102018010037A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a rail loading train (1) for transporting long welded rails (5), comprising a loading carriage (2) that can be moved on a rail, a transport device (8) for moving the individual rails (5), and an anchoring device (7) for anchoring a plurality of rails (5), wherein an individually activatable fastening device (10) is arranged for each rail (5). A transmitter (11) for introducing a signal (12) into the rail (5) to be moved is arranged on the transport device (8), wherein each fastening device (10) is coupled to a receiver (14), which receiver (14) is provided for detecting the signal (12) introduced into the associated rail (5). In this way, it is ensured that the rail (5) to be moved by means of the transport device (8) is precisely detected by the fastening device (10).

Description

Rail loading train for transporting long welded rails

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rail loading train for transporting long welded rails, comprising a loading carriage which can be moved on the rails, a transport device for moving the individual rails and an anchoring device for anchoring a plurality of rails, wherein an individually activatable fastening device is arranged for each rail. The invention also relates to a method for operating a rail loading train.

Background

Long welded rails up to hundreds of meters in length are usually transported from a manufacturing or welding plant or storage site to a track construction site by means of rail loading trains. The rails are held by the transport apparatus during loading or unloading. In this case, there is a temporary connection between the rail and the transport device, for example by a hydraulic clamping process. During transport, the rails are fixed on the loading vehicle by means of the anchoring device.

For example, DE 202005019061U 1 discloses a rail loading train comprising anchoring means for securing a plurality of rails. The device has its own mechanical insertion device for each rail. Each insertion device can be operated individually, so that during unloading, the possibility exists of: only the rail gripped by the transport device is released from the anchor. In this way, the other rails continue to remain fixed. This is particularly important in the case of unloading points with slopes.

DE 202009006549U 1 also discloses a rail loading train with anchoring means for individually anchoring the individual rails. In this case, a remote-controllable insertion device is used for each rail. The operation is carried out from a protected area, thereby avoiding unnecessary sources of danger for the operator.

A rail loading train is disclosed in DE 202016003526U 1, which comprises a remotely controllable anchoring device for firmly clamping several rails. In addition to the self-locking clamping elements, an electromagnet is additionally arranged as a fastening device for each rail. Each magnet generates a magnetic force which, even in the event of release of the clamping element, counteracts uncontrolled sliding of the respective rail. Only when the transport device grips the rail is the respective magnet deactivated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is based on the object of improving a rail loading train of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a safe unloading of the individual rails can be carried out. In this case, in particular, an accidental release of the rail fastened to the rail-loading train should be avoided. Another object is to propose a method for operating such an improved rail loading train.

According to the invention, these objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims 1 and 11. Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

It is provided that a transmitter for introducing a signal into the rail to be moved is arranged on the transport device, and that each fastening device is coupled to a receiver which is provided for detecting the signal introduced into the associated rail. In this way, it is ensured that the rail to be moved by means of the transport device is precisely detected from the fastening device part. Especially when transporting large numbers of rails, the risk of confusion is eliminated. The distance between the transport device and the respective fastening device can be any, since the rail itself is used as a carrier medium for the signals. It is thus possible to arrange the transport device at a distance of several hundred meters on one end of the rail loading train and the corresponding fixing device on the other end.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the transmitter comprises a sound source for generating a structure-borne sound signal: (

) Is introduced to be movedAnd the receiver comprises an acoustic sensor to detect the structure-borne sound signal. The rails are suitable for signal transmission by means of structure-borne sound, since any attenuation occurring in the range of hundreds of meters is negligible. The signal is preferably introduced by means of a piezo actuator. A device that strikes a rail or a vibration motor may also be used as a sound source. The receiver preferably comprises a piezoceramic based vibration sensor as signal detector. The signal transmission by means of structure-borne sound functions without problems with the magnetic fastening device, since the magnetic field does not influence the signal.

Advantageously, the transmitter is arranged for generating a modulated signal. This makes a clear distinction from other signals which occur randomly on the track construction site. The signal is preferably radiated into the rail at a particular frequency and in a particular pattern. Frequency modulation can also be useful. By modulating the signal, a predefined performance level or other predefined safety-related value can be reached. This is important to comply with any standards and regulations where appropriate.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the receiver is coupled to a display device for displaying the rail to be moved. In this way, the operator can identify the result of the signal detection. In the simplest case, the respective fixing device is released in a remote manner on the basis of this information. The working process can thus also be recorded.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the receiver is coupled to the control device for automatically releasing the fastening device of the rail to be moved. In this variant, no intervention by the operator is required or limited to the checking of the working process. In the event that prescribed safety precautions are complied with, the rails can be unloaded by operating the transport device separately.

It is of interest for further automation if the conveyor device is designed as a chain conveyor device. In this case, only a few settings are required to load or unload the individual rails on the rail loading train. These settings can be programmed beforehand by means of a corresponding control device in order to further reduce the burden on the operator.

Another variant provides that the transport device is designed as a rail manipulator with a gripper arm. This improvement allows for more flexibility in using the rail loading and unloading trains. Advantageously, the rail manipulator is designed as a gantry crane and runs on rails mounted from the side onto the loading carriage. Therefore, one transport unit is sufficient for handling various loading states.

It is advantageous if the signal transmission element of the transmitter is arranged on the gripper arm. In particular, the signal transmission means is an actuator which is automatically pressed with a defined force against the rail head of the rail to be moved when the transport device is activated. No separate operation of the transmitter by the operator of the conveying device is required.

One simple form of receiver includes a positioning sensor to locate the rail using the incoming signal. All rails in the area of the fastening device are monitored by means of a central detector of the receiver. Once the signal is detected, it is assigned to the corresponding rail via the positioning sensor.

In a further advantageous variant, the receiver comprises a plurality of signal detectors, wherein at least one signal detector is assigned to each fastening device. In this case, the monitoring is performed individually for each rail, so that no further positioning is required. Furthermore, the possibility exists that: different signals are simultaneously introduced into several rails and detected by means of separate detectors. This is done by evaluating and comparing the individual measurements, for example in terms of amplitude or frequency of the respective signal.

The method according to the invention for operating a rail loading train provides for a signal to be introduced into the rail to be moved by means of a transmitter, for the signal to be detected by means of a receiver and for an associated reporting signal to be output. The reporting signal is used here for manual or automatic control of the fastening device and can also be used for recording the operating process.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the reporting signal is output to a display device in order to display the fastening device of the rail to be moved to an operator. In this way, remote operation and monitoring of the fixture can be achieved. When operating the control device, it is advantageous to activate only those operating elements for deactivating the displayed securing device.

It is furthermore advantageous if the reporting signal is output directly to the control device and if the fastening device of the rail to be moved is automatically released by means of the control device. This eliminates the need for active intervention by the operator, which reduces the error rate and increases the safety of the personnel.

In an advantageous variant, the signal is introduced into the rail to be moved by means of a transmitter arranged on the gripper arm of the rail manipulator. The introduction of the signal takes place during the gripping process, thereby providing a simplified method.

In a further development of the method, different signals are introduced into the at least two rails by means of the assigned transmitters. In this case the signals are so different that any cross talk between the rails does not affect the detection. Thereby increasing the efficiency of the method by simultaneously releasing and unloading two or more rails. Significantly, the signals are differently modulated to ensure reliable signal discrimination.

Drawings

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Shown in schematic form:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rail loading train;

FIG. 2 is a detail view of a delivery device having a transmitter;

FIG. 3 is a detail view of an anchoring device having a receiver.

Detailed Description

The exemplary rail loader train 1 in fig. 1 comprises a plurality of loading carriages 2 which can be moved on a track chassis 3 on a track 4. A plurality of long welded rails 5 are supported on the loader vehicle 2. A plurality of pivoting supports 6 are advantageously arranged, in which the rail 5 is arranged in a longitudinally displaceable manner. On one end of the rail loading train 1 there is an anchoring device 7 for anchoring the rail 5 during transport. The anchoring device 7 can also be arranged on different parts of the rail loader train 1. Several alternative anchoring means 7 are also possible. As the transport device 8, a rail manipulator with a gripping arm 9 is arranged. The rail manipulator is designed as a gantry crane which can be moved in the longitudinal direction on the loading carriage 2.

The anchoring device 7 has several fastening devices 10, which fastening devices 10 each fasten a rail 5 to the rail loader train 1 and can be activated individually. For example, each fixing device 10 is equipped with a clamping element which can be brought into a clamping position by means of a hydraulic drive and released again. Alternatively, the respective fastening device 10 can have an electromagnet, which magnetically fastens the associated rail to the rail loader train 1. This also enables each individual rail to be individually secured and released.

According to the invention, at least one transmitter 11 is arranged for introducing a signal 12 into the rail 5 to be moved. The transmitter 11 is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a signal transmission member 13, which signal transmission member 13 is attached to, for example, the gripper arm 9 of the transport device 8. In this way, once the grab arm 9 holds the rail 5 in place, a signal 12 is introduced into the rail 5.

The signal 12 is detected by means of a receiver 14 shown in fig. 3. The receiver is coupled to each fixture 10 via a sensor. Either a central signal detector 15 is coupled to the positioning sensor or at least one signal detector 15 is assigned to each fixture 10. In the case of three fixtures 10, two signal detectors 15 are sufficient if each sensor 15 is assigned to two fixtures 10, respectively. Then, a local assignment of the signals 12 is made by evaluating the two detectors 15. A direct local assignment is obtained if each fixture 10 is assigned its own signal detector 15.

The signal 12 to be introduced is, for example, an electrical signal which is transmitted capacitively from the transmitter 11 to the receiver 14. In this case, the potential is modulated in the relevant rail 5 by means of the transmitter 11. The potential change is detected and evaluated by means of the receiver 14. In this variant, the rails 5 must be electrically insulated from each other. This must be taken into account in the design of the pivoting support 6 and the anchoring means 7.

It is advantageous if the acoustic signal 12 is introduced into the rail 5 to be moved. In fig. 4, a frequency modulated acoustic signal 12 with a constant pulse intensity 16 on a time axis 17 is shown. The rail 5 serves here as a medium in which an acoustic signal 12 is transmitted by structure-borne sound from a transmitter 11 to a receiver 14. The acoustic signal 12 is induced, for example, by means of a piezo actuator as the signal transmission part 13 of the transmitter 11.

Advantageously, the actuators are located on rail clamps 18 arranged at the free ends of the gripping arms 9. The pretensioning force of the spring ensures that the actuator is pressed against the surface of the rail head when the rail clamp 18 is placed on the rail 5 to be moved. In this way, the acoustic signal 12 is introduced into the rail 5 with little loss. The propagation of the structure-borne sound in the rail 5 also takes place with little attenuation, so that signal transmission can take place without any problem in the range of a few hundred meters.

The receiver 14 advantageously comprises a piezoceramic based acceleration sensor (accelerometer) as signal detector 15. These acceleration sensors are mounted securely and protectively in the respective fixtures 10 or on other rail support surfaces. The measurement results are evaluated before releasing the fixture 10. This takes place in an evaluation device which is provided, for example, in the receiver 14 or in the control device 19. Advantageously, all signals 12 detected by means of the detector 15 are evaluated simultaneously for pulse intensity 16 and frequency.

It is expedient here if the signal modulation used by the transmitter 11 is stored in the evaluation device. Comparison with these stored patterns enables each rail 5 in which the relevant signal 12 is introduced to be reliably determined.

Meaningfully, the receiver 14 is coupled to a display device 20. The display device 20 can be arranged, for example, on the holding device 10 or on the conveying device 8. It is also reasonable to integrate the display device 20 in a control station on the rail loading train 1, for example in a rail manipulator, or in a remote control. By means of this device 20, the operator is shown which fixing device 10 is fixing the rail 5 to be moved by means of the transport device 8. In a simple embodiment of the invention, the operator releases the respective fixing device 10 on the basis of this information before transporting the rail 5 to the unloading point.

In a further development, the operator only has to confirm the release process. In this case, the display device 20 first displays the rail 5 to be released to the operator. Then, the operator operates the corresponding operation element to enable the control signal. For this process, only one control element is latched or the control elements for the fastening device 10 which cannot be released are latched. In this way, the display device 20 serves as a control device for the operator before releasing the fixing device 10. In this case, only the rails 5 that have been held by the transport device 8 can be released.

One embodiment provides that the receiver 14 is coupled to a control device 19 for controlling the fastening device 10. As soon as the receiver 14 detects the signal 12 introduced into the rail 5, a characteristic reporting signal is sent to the control device 19. The control means 19 are arranged for automatically releasing the respective fixing means 10 on the basis of the report signal. In the course of this automatic method, the relevant rail 5 is already held by means of the transport device 8 before the introduction of the signal 12 takes place. In this way, the rails 5 remain fixed during the entire unloading process.

Claims

1. A rail loading train (1) for transporting long welded rails (5), comprising a loading wagon (2) movable on a rail, a transport device (8) for moving individual rails (5) and an anchoring device (7) for anchoring several rails (5), wherein an individually activatable fixing device (10) is arranged for each rail (5), characterized in that a transmitter (11) for introducing a signal (12) into the rail (5) to be moved is arranged on the transport device (8) and each fixing device (10) is coupled to a receiver (14), which receiver (14) is provided for detecting the signal (12) introduced into the rail (5) concerned.

2. Rail loading train (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter (11) comprises a sound source to introduce a structure-borne sound signal into the rail (5) to be moved, and the receiver (14) comprises a sound sensor to detect the structure-borne sound signal.

3. A rail loading train (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said transmitter (11) is arranged for generating a modulated signal (12).

4. A rail loading train (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein said receiver (14) is coupled to a display device (20) for displaying the rail (5) to be moved.

5. A rail loading train (1) according to any of the claims 1 to 4, wherein said receiver (14) is coupled to a control device (19) to automatically release said fixing means (10) of said rail (5) to be moved.

6. A rail loading train (1) according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said transporting device (8) is designed as a chain transporting device.

7. A rail loading train (1) according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said transporting means (8) is designed as a rail manipulator with a gripping arm (9).

8. A rail loading train (1) according to claim 7, wherein the signal transmission means (13) of the transmitter (11) is arranged on the grab arm (9).

9. The rail loading train (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said receiver (14) comprises a positioning sensor to position said rail (5) with said incoming signal (12).

10. A rail loading train (1) according to any of the claims 1 to 8, wherein said receiver (14) comprises several signal detectors (15) and each fixture (10) is assigned at least one signal detector (15).

11. Method for operating a rail loader train (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a signal (12) is introduced into the rail (5) to be moved by means of the transmitter (11), the signal (12) is detected by means of the receiver (14) and an associated reporting signal is output.

12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the reporting signal is output to a display device (20) for displaying the fixing device (10) of the rail (5) to be moved to an operator.

13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the reporting signal is output to a control device (19) and the fixing device (10) of the rail (5) to be moved is released by means of the control device (19).

14. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the signal (12) is introduced into the rail (5) to be moved by means of the transmitter (11) arranged on a gripping arm (9) of a rail manipulator.

15. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that different signals (12) are introduced into at least two rails (5) by means of several transmitters (11).