CN113182940B - Spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method - Google Patents
Spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113182940B CN113182940B CN202110348692.9A CN202110348692A CN113182940B CN 113182940 B CN113182940 B CN 113182940B CN 202110348692 A CN202110348692 A CN 202110348692A CN 113182940 B CN113182940 B CN 113182940B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B11/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor
- B24B11/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor for grinding balls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
A spherical internal surface oblique generating method parameter selection method measures and obtains the width B of a workpieceWorker's toolSpherical radius R of spherical inner surface of workpieceBall with ball-shaped sectionAnd spherical diameter DBall with ball-shaped sectionDiameter D of the surface circle of the workpieceHole(s)(ii) a Calculating the radius R of the grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandIncluded angle theta between the grinding wheel axial lead and the workpiece axial lead and diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodThe selection range of (a); radius R of selected grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandThe included angle theta between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, and the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodAnd (4) calculating the distance H from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece. According to the invention, by determining the selection range of the grinding wheel radius, the grinding wheel radius can take any value in the selection range, the width selection range of the grinding wheel and the selection range of the included angle between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis are further determined, the included angle between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis can be taken at will in the selected range, and the requirement on the position accuracy of the grinding wheel is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to a method for selecting parameters of a spherical inner surface oblique generating method.
Background
The spherical inner surface normal generating method processing means that an included angle between the axis of a grinding wheel and the axis of a workpiece is 90 degrees during processing, the grinding wheel and a grinding wheel spindle are positioned inside the workpiece during processing, and only the workpiece with a large inner surface diameter can be processed due to the limitation of the width of the grinding wheel and the length of the grinding wheel spindle, and the workpiece with a small inner surface diameter cannot be processed. The spherical inner surface is processed by an oblique generating method, namely the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of a workpiece is not equal to 90 degrees, only one part of the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel spindle is positioned in the workpiece during processing, the tail part of the grinding wheel spindle extends out of the workpiece, and the diameter of the inner surface of the workpiece to be processed is limited to be small. However, the machining method and the simple mechanism model are only provided qualitatively for the machining of the spherical inner surface oblique generating method at present, and the actual machining condition is not fully considered. If the value of the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece is limited, the included angle cannot exceed a certain range; the grinding wheel cannot be regarded as an ideal surface, the width of the grinding wheel cannot be infinitely small, and how to select the grinding wheel according to the size of a workpiece to be machined in the actual machining process and determine other parameters are not quantitatively given.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for selecting inclined generating method parameters of a spherical inner surface aiming at the defects of the existing method for determining the processing parameters of the spherical inner surface.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method comprises the following steps:
measuring and acquiring the width B of the workpieceWorker's toolSpherical radius R of spherical inner surface of workpieceBall with ball-shaped sectionAnd spherical diameter DBall with ball-shaped sectionDiameter D of the surface circle of the workpieceHole(s)；
Calculating the radius R of the grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandIncluded angle theta between the grinding wheel axial lead and the workpiece axial lead and diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodThe selection range of (1);
radius R of selected grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandThe included angle theta between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, and the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodAnd (4) calculating the distance H from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece.
The radius R of the grinding wheel is calculatedSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein R isBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, RSandIs the grinding wheel radius.
Calculating the width B of the grinding wheelSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein D isHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel.
DSand＝2RSandWherein R isSandIs the grinding wheel radius, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel.
The selection range for calculating the included angle theta between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis is as follows:
wherein, BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter, R, of the spherical inner surface of the workpieceSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DRodThe diameter of the grinding wheel spindle is shown, and theta is the included angle between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis.
The calculation of the grinding wheel spindle straightnessDiameter DRodSelection range of (2):
Drod＜DHole(s)cosθ-BWorker's toolsinθ
Wherein D isRodIs the diameter of the grinding wheel spindle, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BWorker's toolTheta is the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, and theta is the width of the workpiece.
The distance H from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece is calculated as follows:
wherein H is the distance from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece, RSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionThe spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method has the advantages that when the spherical inner surface of a workpiece is processed, the position relation between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece is not vertical, the selection range of the radius of the grinding wheel is determined, the radius of the grinding wheel can take any value in the selection range, the width selection range of the grinding wheel and the selection range of the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece are further determined, the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece can be taken at any value in the required selection range, the required spherical inner surface processing result can be obtained, the requirement on the position precision of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the flexibility and the operability of the spherical inner surface processing are improved; meanwhile, in the oblique generating method machining process, the axis of the grinding wheel is not perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece, the position relationship is inclined at a certain angle, the grinding wheel and the spindle are not completely placed in the workpiece, and the tail of the spindle extends out of the workpiece, so that the grinding wheel can be used for machining the workpiece with a smaller diameter, and the workpiece machining range is enlarged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spherical inner surface oblique generating method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first extreme position of a spherical internal surface oblique generating work piece.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second limit position of a workpiece in a spherical inner surface oblique generating method.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a method for selecting parameters of a spherical internal surface oblique generating method according to the present invention is illustrated in fig. 1, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first extreme position of a spherical internal surface oblique generating method workpiece, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second extreme position of a spherical internal surface oblique generating method workpiece, wherein BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, RBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle of the workpiece surface, RSandIs the grinding wheel radius, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, theta is the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, H is the distance from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece, and DRodThe diameter of the grinding wheel spindle is shown, and H is the distance from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece.
The invention provides a spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method, which comprises the following steps:
measuring and acquiring the width B of the workpieceWorker's toolSpherical radius R of spherical inner surface of workpieceBall with ball-shaped sectionAnd spherical diameter DBall with ball-shaped sectionDiameter D of the surface circle of the workpieceHole(s)(ii) a The workpiece is a known workpiece, and therefore the dimensions of the workpiece are known, either by design or machining requirements;
calculating the radius R of the grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandDiameter D of grinding wheel spindleRodAnd the selection range of the included angle theta between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis;
selecting grinding wheel radius RSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandThe included angle theta between the grinding wheel axial lead and the workpiece axial lead and the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodCalculating the distance H from the front end surface of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece, and when different workpieces to be processed are processed, the size of the grinding wheel is determined, and the grinding wheel is not replacedAnd in the process, the spherical inner surfaces with different radiuses are machined by adjusting the value of the H.
According to the method for selecting the parameters of the spherical inner surface oblique generating method, when a workpiece to be machined is machined, the position relation between the axis of the workpiece and the axis of the grinding wheel is not vertical and is arranged at a certain angle, the grinding wheel rotates around the axis of the grinding wheel in the machining process, and the workpiece rotates around the axis of the workpiece. As shown in fig. 1, the position of the workpiece is rotatable about the axis O point, and when the position of the workpiece is rotated about the axis O point, the angle θ between the axis of the workpiece and the axis of the grinding wheel changes, in actual production, the position of rotation of the workpiece is limited, and when the workpiece is rotated counterclockwise in the position shown in fig. 1, will rotate to a first extreme position, as shown in fig. 2, the point a on the workpiece contacts the lower end of the front end face of the grinding wheel, if the workpiece continues to rotate anticlockwise at the moment, the lower end of the front end face of the grinding wheel enters the workpiece, the processing of the workpiece to be processed by the grinding wheel is incomplete at this time, a part of the workpiece cannot be processed by the grinding wheel, the workpiece position as shown in fig. 2 is thus the first extreme position when the workpiece is rotated counterclockwise, at which the value of θ is the minimum value of the first extreme position, i.e. at this time.
When the workpiece rotates clockwise at the position shown in fig. 1, the workpiece rotates to a second limit position, as shown in fig. 3, when the workpiece contacts the grinding wheel spindle clockwise to the edge of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, the workpiece is interfered to continue rotating due to the obstruction of the spindle position, the workpiece rotates to the second limit position, and the value of theta is the maximum angle value at the second limit position, namely the value of theta is the maximum angle value at the second limit position at this time
Obtaining included angle theta between shaft axis of grinding wheel and shaft axis of workpieceThe value is taken between the two extreme positions, thus resulting in a selected range of θ. Radius R of grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandAnd the selection range of the distance H from the front end surface of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece is obtained according to the spatial position relationship.
Further, the radius R of the grinding wheel is calculatedSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein R isBall with ball-shaped sectionSpherical radius of spherical inner surface of workpiece, BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, RSandIs the grinding wheel radius.
Further, the width B of the grinding wheel is calculatedSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein D isHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel.
Further, DSand＝2RSand
Wherein R isSandIs the grinding wheel radius, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel.
Further, calculating the selection range of the included angle theta between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis:
wherein, BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter, R, of the spherical inner surface of the workpieceSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DRodAnd theta is the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, wherein theta is the diameter of the main shaft of the grinding wheel.
Further, the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindle is calculatedRodSelection range of (2):
Drod＜DHole(s)cosθ-BWorker's toolsinθ
Wherein D isRodIs the diameter of the grinding wheel spindle, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BWorker's toolTheta is the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, and theta is the width of the workpiece.
Further, calculating the distance H from the front end surface of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece as follows:
wherein H is the distance from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece, and RSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionThe spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece. When different workpieces are machined, when the sizes of the grinding wheels are determined, the grinding wheels do not need to be replaced, the value of H needing to be adjusted can be obtained through the formula, and after the value of H is adjusted, the machining of the spherical inner surfaces with different radiuses can be achieved without replacing the grinding wheels.
When the spherical inner surface of the workpiece to be machined has a spherical radius RBall with ball-shaped sectionWhen the angle theta between the axial lead of the workpiece and the axial lead of the grinding wheel is not interfered by the grinding wheel spindle and is irrelevant to the grinding wheel spindle. The selection range of θ at this time is:
grinding wheel radius RSandThe selection range of (A) is as follows:
width B of grinding wheelSandThe selection range is as follows:
diameter D of grinding wheel spindleRodThe selection range of (A) is as follows:
Drod＜DHole(s)cosθ-BWorker's toolsinθ
RSand、BSand、θ、DRodIn the actual engineering process, the selection range of the target sequence guides RSand、BSand、θ、DRodSelecting the parameters and obtaining the appropriate parameter values through iteration or repeated calculation.
Further, when theta is within the selected range of the calculated included angle theta between the grinding wheel axis and the workpiece axis, the value of theta can be any value, and the required processing result can be obtained. When theta is taken within the obtained range value, theta can be taken at will, namely the angle between the workpiece and the grinding wheel can be determined at will, and the size of the theta parameter has no influence on the spherical inner surface of the workpiece processed by the grinding wheel, so that the requirement on the relative position placing precision of the workpiece and the grinding wheel in the processing process is reduced, the workpiece does not need to be placed according to the high-precision position requirement when placed, the angle is adjusted at will, the final processing result is not influenced, the processing operability is improved, the precision complexity in the processing process is reduced, the precision requirement is reduced, the processing is convenient, and the method has important guiding significance for the practical engineering application.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A spherical inner surface oblique generating method parameter selection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring and acquiring the width B of the workpieceWorker's toolSpherical radius R of spherical inner surface of workpieceBall with ball-shaped sectionAnd spherical diameter DBall with ball-shaped sectionDiameter D of the surface circle of the workpieceHole(s)；
Calculating the radius R of the grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandIncluded angle theta between the grinding wheel axial lead and the workpiece axial lead and diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodThe selection range of (a);
radius R of selected grinding wheelSandWidth B of grinding wheelSandThe included angle theta between the grinding wheel axial lead and the workpiece axial lead and the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodCalculating the distance H from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece;
the radius R of the grinding wheel is calculatedSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein R isBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, BWorker's toolIs the width of the work, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, RSandIs the radius of the grinding wheel;
calculating the width B of the grinding wheelSandThe selection range is as follows:
wherein D isHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BSandIs the width of the grinding wheel, DSandThe diameter of the grinding wheel;
the selection range of the included angle theta between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece is calculated as follows:
wherein, BWorker's toolTo work inWidth of the piece, DBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical diameter, R, of the spherical inner surface of the workpieceSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionIs the spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece, DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, DRodThe diameter of a grinding wheel spindle is used, and theta is an included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece;
calculating the diameter D of the grinding wheel spindleRodSelection range of (2):
Drod<DHole(s)cosθ-BWorker's toolsinθ
Wherein D isRodIs the diameter of the grinding wheel spindle DHole(s)Is the diameter of the circle on the surface of the workpiece, BWorker's toolTheta is the included angle between the axis of the grinding wheel and the axis of the workpiece, and theta is the width of the workpiece.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:
Dsand＝2RSand
Wherein R isSandIs the grinding wheel radius, DSandIs the diameter of the grinding wheel.
3. The method for selecting parameters in the spherical internal surface oblique generating method according to claim 1, wherein the distance H between the front end surface of the grinding wheel and the center of the workpiece is calculated as:
wherein H is the distance from the front end face of the grinding wheel to the center of the workpiece, RSandIs the grinding wheel radius, RBall with ball-shaped sectionThe spherical radius of the spherical inner surface of the workpiece.
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