JP4033817B2

JP4033817B2 - Shape processing method

Info

Publication number: JP4033817B2
Application number: JP2003270393A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 淳二平松; 恒夫林
Original assignee: 株式会社カネヒラ
Priority date: 2003-07-02
Filing date: 2003-07-02
Publication date: 2008-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2023-07-02
Also published as: JP2005025668A

Description

本発明は、数値制御される工作機械を用いて、工具により形状加工する形状加工方法に関するものである。 The present invention uses a machine tool to be numerically controlled, it relates to shaping how to shaping by the tool.

一般に精密部品の形状加工には数値制御される工作機械が使用されており、工具としては図１、２に示すような円盤状で中心に研削盤に装着するための軸孔２を設けた砥石３や図３に示すようなツールホルダー４に取り付けられたバイト５等が使用されている。工作機械はワークの目標形状に合わせてワークに対して前進、後退させながら送り方向に工具を移動し、形状加工するのであるが、工具の先端が有限の大きさを有するものであるため、工具の移動経路を決定する際には工具先端部ａやｂの断面形状が円弧であると想定してその想定した円弧の半径を工具径とし、これをオフセット値として工作機械の数値制御装置に与えるようにしている。 Generally, a machine tool that is numerically controlled is used for shape processing of precision parts. As a tool, a grindstone having a disk shape as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and having a shaft hole 2 for mounting on a grinding machine at the center. 3 or a tool 5 attached to a tool holder 4 as shown in FIG. 3 is used. The machine tool moves the tool in the feed direction while moving forward and backward relative to the workpiece according to the target shape of the workpiece, and processes the shape, but the tool tip has a finite size. When determining the movement path of the tool, it is assumed that the cross-sectional shape of the tool tip part a or b is an arc, and the assumed radius of the arc is set as the tool diameter, which is given to the numerical control device of the machine tool as an offset value. I am doing so.

例えば図４は工具先端の断面形状を示すものであって、数値制御装置では工具先端の形状が工具径ｃの円弧であるものとして工具を位置決めし、形状加工している。ところが、実際には工具先端の形状を完全な円弧とすることは不可能であり、ｄに示すような工具径ｃの円弧上にない部分が生ずることになる。工具が移動する間、工具のワークの加工点に接触する点は一定ではないので、加工点がｄのような想定した工具径ｃの円弧上にない部分となった場合は加工誤差を生ずるという問題があった。 For example, FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional shape of the tool tip. In the numerical control device, the tool is positioned and shaped so that the tool tip shape is an arc having a tool diameter c. However, in practice, it is impossible to make the shape of the tool tip into a complete arc, and a portion not on the arc of the tool diameter c as shown in d will occur. While the tool moves, the point of contact with the machining point of the workpiece of the tool is not constant. Therefore, if the machining point is a part not on the arc of the assumed tool diameter c such as d, a machining error is generated. There was a problem.

従来こうした問題に対しては、工具の先端形状を管理することで対応するのが普通であり、砥石を使う研削盤については、特開平８−１９２３５８号公報に先ず試し研削加工をＮＣ加工プログラムに基づいてダミーワークに対して行い、そのダミーワークの加工形状を計測装置にて計測し、計測結果から所望の研削加工に対する砥石形状の適否を判断し、適当でない場合には加工する砥石のドレッシングを行って砥石先端部の形状を整えた後に、再度ダミーワーク加工および計測を行い、ＮＣ加工プログラムに基づいて実ワークに対して研削加工を行う研削加工方法が示されている。 Conventionally, such problems are usually dealt with by managing the shape of the tip of the tool. For a grinding machine using a grindstone, firstly, trial grinding is changed to an NC machining program in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-192358. Based on the dummy workpiece, the machining shape of the dummy workpiece is measured with a measuring device, and the suitability of the grinding wheel shape for the desired grinding is judged from the measurement result. A grinding method is shown in which the shape of the tip of the grindstone is adjusted and the dummy workpiece is processed and measured again, and the actual workpiece is ground based on the NC machining program.

このような方法によれば、砥石の形状を計測してその形状が適当でない場合には砥石のドレッシングを行った後再度計測するので、砥石の形状が適当になるまでこれを繰り返すことができ、砥石形状を所望の加工精度の研削加工をするのに必要な程度に管理することが可能となるわけである。ところが、砥石は使用中に磨耗していくので定期的に計測とドレッシングを行う必要があり、このような計測とドレッシングの繰り返しはそのための時間と砥石の浪費になるという問題があった。また、実際には工具先端を整形して先端形状を完全な円弧とすることは不可能で工具先端の実際の円弧形状と想定した工具径との間に必ず誤差が残るため加工精度を上げることには限界があるという問題があった。これらの問題はバイト等砥石以外の工具の場合にも同様である。
特開平８−１９２３５８号公報 According to such a method, if the shape of the grindstone is measured and the shape is not appropriate, it is measured again after dressing the grindstone, so this can be repeated until the shape of the grindstone is appropriate, The grindstone shape can be managed to the extent necessary for grinding with a desired machining accuracy. However, since the grindstone is worn during use, it is necessary to perform measurement and dressing regularly, and there is a problem that repetition of such measurement and dressing wastes time and grindstone. In fact, it is impossible to shape the tip of the tool and make the tip shape a complete arc, and an error always remains between the actual arc shape of the tool tip and the assumed tool diameter. There was a problem that there was a limit. These problems also apply to tools other than grindstones such as tools.
JP-A-8-192358

本発明は上記の問題点を解決し、工具の形状を厳密に整形、管理することなく高精度の形状加工をすることができる形状加工方法を提供するためになされたものである。 The present invention solves the above problems strictly shaping the shape of the tool, was made in order to provide a shaping how that can be the shaping of high accuracy without managing.

上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の形状加工方法は、第１に、工具により加工したダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列からなる工具先端部の形状データを取得する工程と、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程と、算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標とから工具の基準点の座標を算出する工程と、算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する工程と、変換して得られたＮＣデータを数値制御される工作機械に与えて、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するための工具を前進、後退させ送り方向に移動させる移動経路を算出しその移動経路に従って工具を移動させて、ワークを形状加工する工程とからなる形状加工方法であって、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程が、ワークの加工点における接線の角度を求める工程と、求められたワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度の接線を有する工具上の点を求めて工具の加工点とする工程とからなることを特徴とするものである。 In the shape machining method of the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problem, first, a sample on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool is sampled, and the sampling is performed with a predetermined reference point as an origin. The process of acquiring the shape data of the tool tip consisting of a data string that enumerates the coordinates of each point, and processing the acquired shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the work to match the target shape data of the work A step of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining a machining point of the workpiece for each point, a step of calculating a coordinate of a tool reference point from the calculated machining point of the tool and a coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece, and a calculation A process for converting the coordinate data of the reference point of the tool thus obtained into NC data, and the NC data obtained by the conversion is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the workpiece is processed according to the tip shape of the tool. A tool for shaping the target shape forward, moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path for moving the feeding direction is moved backward, a shape processing method comprising a step of shaping a workpiece, The process of calculating the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data, A step of obtaining a tangent angle at a machining point, and a step of obtaining a point on the tool having a tangent of the same angle as the tangent angle at the obtained machining point of the workpiece as a machining point of the tool. To do.

第２に、工具により加工したダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列からなる工具先端部の形状データを取得する工程と、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程と、算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標とから工具の基準点の座標を算出する工程と、算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する工程と、変換して得られたＮＣデータを数値制御される工作機械に与えて、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するための工具を前進、後退させ送り方向に移動させる移動経路を算出しその移動経路に従って工具を移動させて、ワークを形状加工する工程とからなる形状加工方法であって、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程が、工具先端部の形状を相互に連接する複数の円弧に分割して近似し、各円弧の始点及び終点における接線の角度を求める工程と、分割して近似した工具先端部の各円弧の始点及び終点における接線の角度の範囲から各円弧部分が加工を受け持つワークの加工点における接線の角度の範囲を定める工程と、ワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度の接線を有する工具上の点を求めて工具の加工点とする工程とからなることを特徴とするものである。 Second, the tool tip shape data consisting of a data row in which the points on the machining curve of the dummy workpiece machined by the tool are sampled and the coordinates of the sampled points with the predetermined reference point as the origin are enumerated. The processing point of the tool for processing the machining point of the workpiece is calculated for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired process with the acquired tool tip shape data and the workpiece target shape data. A step of calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the process, the calculated machining point of the tool and the coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece, and converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data The NC data obtained by the process and conversion is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is advanced and retracted in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path for moving, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, the shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data is approximated by dividing the shape of the tool tip into a plurality of arcs connected to each other. , The step of obtaining the angle of the tangent at the start point and end point of each arc, and the machining point of the workpiece where each arc part is responsible for machining from the range of the angle of the tangent line at the start point and end point of each arc approximated by dividing JP comprising the steps of delimiting the tangent of the angle, seeking a point on the tool with a tangent of the tangent of the angle and the same angle at the machining point of the workpiece to be composed of a step of the machining point of the tool It is an.

第３に、工具により加工したダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列からなる工具先端部の形状データを取得する工程と、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程と、算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標とから工具の基準点の座標を算出する工程と、算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する工程と、変換して得られたＮＣデータを数値制御される工作機械に与えて、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するための工具を前進、後退させ送り方向に移動させる移動経路を算出しその移動経路に従って工具を移動させて、ワークを形状加工する工程とからなる形状加工方法であって、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程が、工具先端部の形状を複数の直線に分割して近似し、各線分の角度を求める工程と、ワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度あるいは鋭角方向及び鈍角方向にそれぞれ最も近い角度の工具先端部の形状を近似する線分を求めて工具の加工点を求める工程とからなることを特徴とするものである。 Third, the tool tip shape data consisting of a data row in which the points on the machining curve of the dummy workpiece machined by the tool are sampled and the coordinates of the sampled points with the predetermined reference point as the origin are enumerated. The processing point of the tool for processing the machining point of the workpiece is calculated for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired process with the acquired tool tip shape data and the workpiece target shape data. A step of calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the process, the calculated machining point of the tool and the coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece, and converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data The NC data obtained by the process and conversion is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is advanced and retracted in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path for moving, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, the shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the target shape data of the workpiece is approximated by dividing the shape of the tool tip into a plurality of straight lines. A step of obtaining an angle, and a step of obtaining a machining point of the tool by obtaining a line segment that approximates the shape of the tool tip at the same angle as the tangent angle at the machining point of the workpiece or the angle closest to the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction, and It is characterized by comprising .

第４に、工具により加工したダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列からなる工具先端部の形状データを取得する工程と、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程と、算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標とから工具の基準点の座標を算出する工程と、算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する工程と、変換して得られたＮＣデータを数値制御される工作機械に与えて、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するための工具を前進、後退させ送り方向に移動させる移動経路を算出しその移動経路に従って工具を移動させて、ワークを形状加工する工程とからなる形状加工方法であって、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程が、工具先端部の形状を複数の直線に分割して近似し、各線分の角度を求める工程と、ワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度あるいは鋭角方向及び鈍角方向にそれぞれ最も近い角度の工具先端部の形状を近似する線分を求めて工具の加工点を求める工程とからなることを特徴とするものである。 Fourth, the tool tip shape data consisting of a data row in which the points on the machining curve of the dummy workpiece machined by the tool are sampled and the coordinates of each of the sampled points with the predetermined reference point as the origin are enumerated. The processing point of the tool for processing the machining point of the workpiece is calculated for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired process with the acquired tool tip shape data and the workpiece target shape data. A step of calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the process, the calculated machining point of the tool and the coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece, and converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data The NC data obtained by the process and conversion is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is advanced and retracted in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path for moving, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, the shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the target shape data of the workpiece is approximated by dividing the shape of the tool tip into a plurality of straight lines. A step of obtaining an angle, and a step of obtaining a machining point of the tool by obtaining a line segment that approximates the shape of the tool tip at the same angle as the tangent angle at the machining point of the workpiece or the angle closest to the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction, and It is characterized by comprising.

第５に、工具により加工したダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列からなる工具先端部の形状データを取得する工程と、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程と、算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標とから工具の基準点の座標を算出する工程と、算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する工程と、変換して得られたＮＣデータを数値制御される工作機械に与えて、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するための工具を前進、後退させ送り方向に移動させる移動経路を算出しその移動経路に従って工具を移動させて、ワークを形状加工する工程とからなる形状加工方法であって、取得された工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの目標形状データ上の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工程がワークの目標形状を複数の直線に分割して近似し、各線分の角度を求める工程と、工具先端部の形状を複数の直線に分割して近似し、各線分の角度を求める工程と、ワークの目標形状を近似する線分の角度と同一角度あるいは鋭角方向及び鈍角方向にそれぞれ最も近い角度の工具先端部の形状を近似する線分を求めて工具の加工点を求める工程とからなることを特徴とするものである。 Fifth, the shape data of the tool tip consisting of a data string in which the points on the machining curve of the dummy workpiece machined by the tool are sampled and the coordinates of each sampled point with the predetermined reference point as the origin are enumerated. The processing point of the tool for processing the machining point of the workpiece is calculated for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired process with the acquired tool tip shape data and the workpiece target shape data. A step of calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the process, the calculated machining point of the tool and the coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece, and converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data The NC data obtained by the process and conversion is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is advanced and retracted in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path for moving, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, the shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool that processes the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece's target shape data is approximated by dividing the workpiece's target shape into multiple straight lines, and the angle of each line segment The step of obtaining, approximating the shape of the tool tip portion by dividing it into a plurality of straight lines, obtaining the angle of each line segment, and the same angle as the angle of the line segment approximating the target shape of the workpiece or in the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction And a step of obtaining a line segment that approximates the shape of the tool tip at the closest angle to obtain a machining point of the tool .

本発明の形状加工方法によれば、工具の先端形状に応じてワークを目標形状に形状加工するために好ましい工具の移動経路を算出し、算出した移動経路に従って工具を移動させて形状加工するので、工具の先端部の形状の誤差に起因する加工誤差を最小にすることができ、工具の先端部の形状を厳しく管理することなく、高精度の形状加工をすることができる利点がある。また、工具の形状を厳しく管理する必要がないことから、工具を頻繁にドレッシング又は研磨加工する必要がなく、工具の寿命を延ばすことができる利点もある。したがって、従来の問題点を解決した形状加工方法を提供するものとして業界に寄与するところ極めて大である。したがって、従来の問題点を解決した形状加工方法を提供するものとして業界に寄与するところ極めて大である。 According to the shape processing method of the present invention, a preferable tool movement path is calculated in order to shape a workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool, and the tool is moved along the calculated movement path to perform shape processing. The machining error due to the error in the shape of the tip of the tool can be minimized, and there is an advantage that high-precision shape machining can be performed without strictly managing the shape of the tip of the tool. Further, since it is not necessary to strictly manage the shape of the tool, there is an advantage that the tool need not be frequently dressed or polished, and the tool life can be extended . Therefore, it is extremely large at contributing to the industry as providing conventional to solve the problems with shaping how. Therefore, it is extremely large at contributing to the industry as providing conventional to solve the problems with shaping how.

次に、本発明を実施するための最良の形態について図を参照しながら説明する。 Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の形状加工方法は数値制御される研削盤、旋盤等の工作機械を用いて砥石、バイト等の工具１によりワークを形状加工するものであって、数値制御される工作機械自体は従来知られるものと同じであり、これについての詳細な説明は省略するが、工具１の先端部の形状を計測する形状計測手段が設けてある。形状計測手段は、ダミーワークを工具により加工してその加工されたダミーワークをＣＣＤカメラにより撮影するような従来知られる技術によるものとすることができる。使用する工具１は図１、２に示すような軸孔２を設けた円盤状の砥石３や図３に示すようなツールホルダー４に取り付けられたバイト５等であり、これも従来知られるものと同じである。 The shape processing method of the present invention is to form a workpiece with a tool 1 such as a grindstone or a bite using a numerically controlled machine tool such as a grinding machine or a lathe. Although detailed explanation about this is omitted, a shape measuring means for measuring the shape of the tip of the tool 1 is provided. The shape measuring means can be based on a conventionally known technique such as processing a dummy workpiece with a tool and photographing the processed dummy workpiece with a CCD camera. The tool 1 to be used is a disc-shaped grindstone 3 provided with a shaft hole 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or a bite 5 attached to a tool holder 4 as shown in FIG. Is the same.

工具１が円盤状の砥石３の場合、砥石３を回転させながらドレッシングすることにより先端部全周の断面形状をほぼ一定とすることは容易にできるが、先端部の断面形状を完全な円弧とすることは容易でなく、通常円弧から若干外れた形状となっている。このような砥石３は研削盤の砥石ヘッドに装着されて砥石ヘッドの水平方向の軸を中心として回転するようにしてあり、砥石ヘッドは数値制御装置によりＮＣデータにしたがって移動させられ、ワークが加工される。工具１がバイト５の場合にも完全な円弧形状に研磨修正することは容易でない。バイト５は旋盤に装着されて数値制御装置によりＮＣデータにしたがって移動させられ、主軸に固定されて回転するワークが同心の柱状に加工される。 When the tool 1 is a disc-shaped grindstone 3, it is easy to make the cross-sectional shape of the entire tip portion constant by dressing while rotating the grindstone 3, but the cross-sectional shape of the tip portion is a complete arc. It is not easy to do, and is usually slightly deviated from the arc. Such a grindstone 3 is mounted on a grindstone head of a grinder and is rotated about a horizontal axis of the grindstone head. The grindstone head is moved in accordance with NC data by a numerical controller, and the workpiece is processed. Is done. Even when the tool 1 is a cutting tool 5, it is not easy to correct it to a perfect arc shape. The cutting tool 5 is mounted on a lathe and is moved in accordance with NC data by a numerical controller, and a workpiece that is fixed to the spindle and rotates is processed into a concentric columnar shape.

前記のような研削盤、旋盤等の工作機械を用いてワークを形状加工する本発明の形状加工方法では、先ず形状計測手段により工具１の先端部の形状を計測する。図５は工具１により加工されたダミーワークを示すもので、形状計測手段はＣＣＤカメラにより撮影して得られるダミーワークの加工曲線上の点をサンプリングし、予め定めた基準点を原点とする前記サンプリングした各点の座標を羅列したデータ列を工具１の形状計測結果の形状データとして出力する。基準点は工具の先端の形状を定義するための座標系の原点であり、任意の点を基準点として定めることができる。出力された形状データは必要に応じてコンピュータの記憶装置に記憶させておく。 In the shape processing method of the present invention in which a workpiece is shaped using a machine tool such as a grinder or a lathe as described above, the shape of the tip of the tool 1 is first measured by the shape measuring means. FIG. 5 shows a dummy workpiece machined by the tool 1, and the shape measuring means samples a point on the machining curve of the dummy workpiece obtained by photographing with a CCD camera, and uses the predetermined reference point as the origin. A data sequence listing the coordinates of each sampled point is output as shape data of the shape measurement result of the tool 1. The reference point is the origin of the coordinate system for defining the shape of the tip of the tool, and an arbitrary point can be defined as the reference point. The output shape data is stored in a storage device of a computer as necessary.

こうした工具１先端部の実際の加工に使用する部分の形状は、例えば図６に示すように相互に連接する複数の円弧７、８、９に分割して近似することができる。図６においてｅ、ｆ、ｇ、ｈは各円弧７、８、９の始点及び終点であり、ｊ、ｋ、ｍ、ｎはそれぞれ点ｅ、ｆ、ｇ、ｈにおける接線の工具の送り方向に対する角度である。すなわち、図６における水平方向の線分は工具１の送り方向を示している。工具１の先端部は本来単一の円弧状の形状を目標として整形されており、接線の角度は単調な変化をするものである。これにより、円弧７の始点ｅから終点ｆまでの間の任意の点における接線の角度はｊからｋの間の角度になり、円弧８では接線の角度がｋからｍの間の角度に、円弧９では接線の角度がｍからｎの間の角度にそれぞれなる。図６においてｐは予め定めた基準点であって、このように工具１先端部の形状を近似した場合には、各円弧の半径と、中心点、始点、終点の基準点ｐを原点とする各座標を工具の形状データとしてコンピュータの記憶装置に記憶させておくことができる。 The shape of the part used for the actual machining of the tip of the tool 1 can be approximated by dividing it into a plurality of arcs 7, 8, 9 connected to each other as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In FIG. 6, e, f, g, and h are the start and end points of each arc 7, 8, and 9, and j, k, m, and n are the tangential tool feed directions at points e, f, g, and h, respectively. Is an angle. That is, the horizontal line segment in FIG. 6 indicates the feed direction of the tool 1. The tip of the tool 1 is originally shaped with a single arc shape as a target, and the tangent angle changes monotonously. Thereby, the angle of the tangent at an arbitrary point between the start point e and the end point f of the arc 7 becomes an angle between j and k, and in the arc 8, the angle of the tangent becomes an angle between k and m. In 9, the angle of the tangent line is an angle between m and n. In FIG. 6, p is a predetermined reference point, and when the shape of the tip of the tool 1 is approximated in this way, the radius of each arc and the reference point p of the center point, start point, and end point are used as the origin. Each coordinate can be stored in a storage device of a computer as tool shape data.

図７はワーク６と工具１の位置関係の例を示すものであって、ワーク６の目標形状データは設計上のＣＡＤデータあるいはモデルを計測した計測データとして与えられる。この例のワーク６の目標形状は直線と複数の円弧から構成されるものであり、ワーク６の各加工点を加工する工具１の加工点は、コンピュータにより実現される工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワーク６の加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する手段によって算出される。 FIG. 7 shows an example of the positional relationship between the workpiece 6 and the tool 1, and the target shape data of the workpiece 6 is given as design CAD data or measurement data obtained by measuring a model. The target shape of the workpiece 6 in this example is composed of a straight line and a plurality of arcs, and the machining point of the tool 1 for machining each machining point of the workpiece 6 is the shape data of the tool tip realized by a computer. It is calculated by means for calculating a processing point of a tool that matches the target shape data of the workpiece and processes the processing point of the workpiece for each processing point of the workpiece 6.

本発明の第１の発明ではワーク６の各加工点におけるワーク６の接線と接線が同一角度である工具１上の点を工具１の加工点として算出するのであって、ワーク６の加工点を指定し、当該加工点におけるワーク６の接線の角度を求め、求められた接線の角度と同一角度の接線を有する工具１上の点を求めて工具１の加工点とする。この条件を満足する工具１上の点は一点のみ存在するのであって、これを繰り返すことによりワーク６の全ての加工点について工具１の加工点が算出されることになる。 In the first aspect of the present invention, the point on the tool 1 at which the tangent of the workpiece 6 and the tangent at each machining point of the workpiece 6 have the same angle is calculated as the machining point of the tool 1, The angle of the tangent of the workpiece 6 at the machining point is determined, and the point on the tool 1 having the tangent of the same angle as the obtained tangent angle is obtained as the machining point of the tool 1. There is only one point on the tool 1 that satisfies this condition, and by repeating this, the machining points of the tool 1 are calculated for all machining points of the workpiece 6.

このとき、ワーク６の加工点のうち接線の角度がｊからｋの間の角度である部分Ａは工具１の円弧７の部分で、接線の角度がｋからｍの間の角度である部分Ｂは円弧８の部分で、接線の角度がｍからｎの間の角度である部分Ｃは円弧９の部分で、それぞれ加工するように工具１の加工点が算出されることになる。ここで算出される工具１の加工点は工具１の基準点ｐを原点とする座標により表わされるものである。このように工具１を近似する各円弧が受け持つワークの加工範囲を定めて工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するようにしたのが本発明第２の発明である。工具１の形状データは形状計測手段から出力されるものであるが、工具１の形状データをコンピュータの記憶装置に記憶させておいた場合には、突合のための演算時間を短縮できる効果がある。 At this time, a portion A where the tangent angle is an angle between j and k among the machining points of the workpiece 6 is a portion of the arc 7 of the tool 1 and a portion B where the tangent angle is an angle between k and m. Is a portion of the arc 8, and a portion C whose tangent angle is an angle between m and n is a portion of the arc 9, and the machining point of the tool 1 is calculated so as to machine each. The machining point of the tool 1 calculated here is represented by coordinates with the reference point p of the tool 1 as the origin. In this way, in the second invention of the present invention, the machining range of the workpiece that is handled by each arc approximating the tool 1 is determined and the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece are matched. The shape data of the tool 1 is output from the shape measuring means, but when the shape data of the tool 1 is stored in the storage device of the computer, there is an effect that the calculation time for the butt can be shortened. .

工作機械においては、ワーク６は工作機械に固定されており、工具１を装着した部材が数値制御装置により位置決めされ、ワーク６に対して前進、後退しながら送り方向に移動させられる。通常、工具１の送り方向はＸ軸、ワーク６に対する前後方向はＹ軸と呼ばれている。ワーク６の加工点の座標は工作機械に対して単一の点として定まる絶対的なものであり、そのワークの加工点を加工する工具１の加工点の座標はワークの加工点の座標と同一である。前記のようにして算出された工具１の加工点の座標は予め定めた工具１の基準点ｐを原点とするものであり、ワーク６の加工点の座標と工具１の加工点の基準点ｐを原点とする座標とから基準点ｐの絶対的な座標を算出することができることになる。これにより、ワーク６を目標形状に形状加工するための工具１の基準点ｐの移動経路を求めることができ、基準点ｐの絶対的な座標を羅列したデータ列が得られることになる。 In the machine tool, the workpiece 6 is fixed to the machine tool, and the member on which the tool 1 is mounted is positioned by the numerical control device and moved in the feed direction while moving forward and backward with respect to the workpiece 6. Usually, the feed direction of the tool 1 is called the X axis, and the longitudinal direction with respect to the workpiece 6 is called the Y axis. The coordinates of the machining point of the workpiece 6 are absolute as a single point for the machine tool, and the coordinates of the machining point of the tool 1 machining the machining point of the workpiece are the same as the coordinates of the machining point of the workpiece. It is. The coordinates of the machining point of the tool 1 calculated as described above have a predetermined reference point p of the tool 1 as the origin, and the coordinate of the machining point of the workpiece 6 and the reference point p of the machining point of the tool 1 are as follows. The absolute coordinates of the reference point p can be calculated from the coordinates with the origin as the origin. Thereby, the movement path | route of the reference point p of the tool 1 for shape-processing the workpiece | work 6 to a target shape can be calculated | required, and the data sequence which enumerated the absolute coordinate of the reference point p will be obtained.

ワーク６の加工開始点からワーク６の加工終了点までを加工するときの工具１の加工点と工具１の基準点ｐの移動経路は前記のようにして算出されるのであるが、工具１が停止していた位置から加工開始点まで移動する経路は規定されず、スムーズに加工が開始できないおそれがある。また、加工終了時に加工終了点から移動する経路が規定されず、工具１が加工終了位置に留まってワーク６の移動の障害になるおそれがある。こうした問題に対しては、図８に点線で示すように目標形状の加工開始点と加工終了点に仮想的なアプローチ用及びリトラクト用の形状を加えることにより工具１がスムーズに目標形状の加工を開始し、目標形状の加工後スムーズに離脱することになる。 The movement path between the machining point of the tool 1 and the reference point p of the tool 1 when machining from the machining start point of the workpiece 6 to the machining end point of the workpiece 6 is calculated as described above. A path for moving from the stopped position to the machining start point is not defined, and machining may not be started smoothly. Further, the path for moving from the machining end point is not defined at the end of machining, and the tool 1 may remain at the machining end position, which may hinder the movement of the workpiece 6. To solve such a problem, the tool 1 can smoothly machine the target shape by adding virtual approach and retract shapes to the machining start point and machining end point of the target shape as indicated by dotted lines in FIG. It will start and leave smoothly after processing the target shape.

目標形状の形状データは前記のように複数の直線と複数の円弧で分割して近似したものとすることができ、複数の直線で分割して近似したものとすることもできる。前記のように複数の直線と複数の円弧で分割して近似したものとし、ワーク６の加工点の接線の角度から前記の工具１を近似した各円弧７、８、９が加工を受け持つ範囲を求めておいた場合には、直線と円弧あるいは円弧同士の接点を求める計算により工具１の加工点を求めることができる。このとき、ワーク６を近似した直線あるいは円弧と工具１を近似した円弧が同一の直線あるいは円弧である範囲では、工具の移動経路を連続した関数として算出することが可能となり、計算が簡単になる利点がある。 The shape data of the target shape can be approximated by being divided by a plurality of straight lines and a plurality of arcs as described above, or can be approximated by being divided by a plurality of straight lines. As described above, it is approximated by dividing by a plurality of straight lines and a plurality of arcs, and the range in which each arc 7, 8, 9 approximating the tool 1 from the tangential angle of the machining point of the workpiece 6 is responsible for machining. If it has been obtained, the machining point of the tool 1 can be obtained by calculation for obtaining a straight line and a circular arc or a contact point between the circular arcs. At this time, in the range where the straight line or arc approximating the workpiece 6 and the arc approximating the tool 1 are the same straight line or arc, the tool movement path can be calculated as a continuous function, and the calculation is simplified. There are advantages.

また、直線で分割して近似した場合には、工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する際に少ない計算量で算出できる利点がある。このようにして工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するようにしたのが本発明第３の発明である。この場合にはワークの目標形状データを近似する線分の角度と接線が同一角度である工具１上の点をワーク６の当該線分の部分を加工する工具１の加工点として算出するのである。 In addition, when approximated by dividing by a straight line, the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece is calculated for each machining point of the workpiece by matching the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece. There is an advantage that it can be calculated with a small amount of calculation. In this way, the third aspect of the present invention is configured to abut the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece. In this case, a point on the tool 1 whose tangent is the same angle as the angle of the line segment approximating the target shape data of the workpiece is calculated as a processing point of the tool 1 that processes the portion of the line segment of the workpiece 6. .

その場合、実際に与えられるのは目標形状の曲線を分割してサンプリングした図９に丸印で示す各加工点の座標を羅列したデータ列であり、各加工点の間は直線により近似して加工されることになる。このように直線によって近似するので、図１０に示すように望ましい目標形状の曲線を近似直線１のような直線で近似した場合には誤差１のような誤差が生じることになる。分割数を増やして近似直線２のような直線で近似すると誤差２のように誤差が少なくなり、それだけ精密にワーク６が加工できるのであるが、データ量が増大するので最終的に求められるワーク６の加工精度に応じて分割数を定めるのが好ましい。 In that case, what is actually given is a data string in which the coordinates of each machining point shown by circles in FIG. 9 are obtained by dividing and sampling a target shape curve, and each machining point is approximated by a straight line. Will be processed. Since the approximation is performed by a straight line in this way, an error such as error 1 occurs when a curve of a desired target shape is approximated by a straight line such as the approximate straight line 1 as shown in FIG. When the number of divisions is increased and approximated by a straight line such as the approximate straight line 2, the error is reduced as the error 2 and the work 6 can be machined with such precision, but the work 6 finally obtained because the data amount increases. It is preferable to determine the number of divisions according to the processing accuracy.

他方、工具１の先端部の形状についても複数の円弧で分割して近似したものとするほか、複数の直線で分割して近似したものとすることができる。工具１の先端部の形状を複数の直線で分割して近似する場合には、サンプリングした点の座標とその隣接する両側の２点との間を結ぶ線分の角度を表形式のデータとして記憶させておくことが好ましい。工具１の先端部の形状を複数の直線で分割して近似し、ワーク６の目標形状を複数の直線と複数の円弧とで分割して近似して工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するようにしたのが本発明第４の発明である。 On the other hand, the shape of the tip portion of the tool 1 may be approximated by being divided by a plurality of arcs, or may be approximated by being divided by a plurality of straight lines. When the shape of the tip of the tool 1 is divided and approximated by a plurality of straight lines, the angle of the line segment connecting the coordinates of the sampled points and the two adjacent points on both sides is stored as tabular data. It is preferable to keep it. The shape of the tip of the tool 1 is approximated by dividing it with a plurality of straight lines, and the target shape of the workpiece 6 is approximated by dividing it with a plurality of straight lines and a plurality of arcs. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the data is matched.

工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するに当たっては、工具１の表形式のデータを検索してワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度の線分を求め、その線分に隣接する点を工具１の加工点として求めることになるが、サンプリングした点の間隔によっては同一の角度となる線分が表形式のデータに存在しない場合がある。そうした場合には、ワークの加工点における接線の角度の鋭角方向及び鈍角方向にそれぞれ最も近い角度の工具１の先端形状を近似する線分を求める。工具１の加工点の座標は線分の一端もしくは中間点、２本の線分の接点等から定めることができる。 When matching the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece, the tabular data of the tool 1 is searched to obtain a line segment having the same angle as the tangent angle at the workpiece machining point. However, depending on the interval between the sampled points, the line segment having the same angle may not exist in the tabular data. In such a case, a line segment that approximates the tip shape of the tool 1 at an angle closest to the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction of the tangent angle at the workpiece machining point is obtained. The coordinates of the machining point of the tool 1 can be determined from one end or middle point of the line segment, the contact point of the two line segments, and the like.

また、工具１の先端部の形状を複数の直線で分割して近似し、ワーク６の目標形状も複数の直線で分割して近似して工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するようにしたのが本発明第５の発明である。工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合するに当たっては、工具１の表形式のデータを検索してワークの目標形状を近似する線分の角度と同一角度の線分を求め、その線分に隣接する点を工具１の加工点として求めることになるが、サンプリングした点の間隔によっては同一の角度となる線分が工具１の先端形状を表わす表形式のデータに存在しない場合がある。そうした場合には、ワークの目標形状を近似する線分の角度の鋭角方向及び鈍角方向にそれぞれ最も近い角度の工具１の先端形状を近似する線分を求める。工具１の加工点の座標は求められた線分の一端もしくは中間点、２本の線分の接点等から定めることができる。 Further, the shape of the tip of the tool 1 is approximated by dividing it with a plurality of straight lines, and the target shape of the work 6 is also approximated by dividing it with a plurality of straight lines to obtain the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the work. It is the fifth invention of the present invention that has been matched. In matching the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece, the tabular data of the tool 1 is searched to obtain a line segment having the same angle as the angle of the line segment approximating the target shape of the workpiece, A point adjacent to the line segment is obtained as a machining point of the tool 1, but depending on the interval between the sampled points, a line segment having the same angle does not exist in the tabular data representing the tip shape of the tool 1. There is. In such a case, a line segment that approximates the tip shape of the tool 1 at an angle closest to the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction of the line segment angle that approximates the target shape of the workpiece is obtained. The coordinates of the machining point of the tool 1 can be determined from one end or intermediate point of the obtained line segment, the contact point of the two line segments, and the like.

工作機械を制御する数値制御装置には工具１の移動にかかわる工作機械の部材の移動経路を規定するための部材の座標データを羅列したデータ列ではなく、差分データからなるＮＣデータを与える必要がある。このＮＣデータは、コンピュータにより実現される算出された工具の基準点ｐの座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する手段によって座標データ列から変換され、得られることになる。このようにして得られるＮＣデータを与えた工作機械を運転すれば、工作機械はＮＣデータに従って工具を移動させ、ワーク６は目標形状通りに形状加工されることになる。 It is necessary to give NC data consisting of difference data to the numerical control device for controlling the machine tool, instead of a data string that lists the coordinate data of the members for defining the movement path of the member of the machine tool involved in the movement of the tool 1. is there. This NC data is obtained by being converted from the coordinate data string by means for converting the data string of the coordinate data of the calculated reference point p of the tool realized by the computer into NC data. When the machine tool provided with NC data obtained in this way is operated, the machine tool moves the tool according to the NC data, and the workpiece 6 is machined according to the target shape.

このようにして、ワーク６は目標形状通りに形状加工されるのであるが、工作機械が研削盤の場合には工具はＸ軸、Ｙ軸と直交するＺ軸方向にも移動できるものであり、ワーク６の特定のＺ軸方向の部分が目標形状通りに研削加工されることになる。ワーク６の異なるＺ軸方向の部分についても前記と同様に工具１の移動経路、ＮＣデータを得ることができるので、そのＮＣデータにより砥石ヘッドを移動させてワーク６のＺ軸方向全ての部分について同様の加工を行えばワーク６には三次元の形状加工が施されることになる。また、工作機械が旋盤の場合には、主軸に固定されて回転するワークが同心の柱状に形状加工される。 In this way, the workpiece 6 is machined according to the target shape, but when the machine tool is a grinding machine, the tool can also move in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis and Y-axis, A specific portion of the workpiece 6 in the Z-axis direction is ground according to the target shape. Since the movement path and NC data of the tool 1 can be obtained for the parts of the workpiece 6 in different Z-axis directions as well, the grindstone head is moved by the NC data and all parts of the workpiece 6 in the Z-axis direction are obtained. If the same processing is performed, the workpiece 6 is subjected to three-dimensional shape processing. When the machine tool is a lathe, the workpiece that is fixed to the spindle and rotates is processed into a concentric columnar shape.

なお、同一形状のワークを複数個加工する場合、工具１の先端形状の計測とその形状データとワークの目標形状との突合による工具の加工点の算出は必ずしも毎回行う必要はなく、経験的に知られる工具の磨耗量が問題にならない範囲で同一ＮＣデータにより複数個のワークを形状加工することができることは言うまでもない。 When machining a plurality of workpieces having the same shape, it is not always necessary to measure the tip shape of the tool 1 and calculate the machining point of the tool by matching the shape data with the target shape of the workpiece. It goes without saying that a plurality of workpieces can be machined with the same NC data as long as the known tool wear amount is not a problem.

図１１は本発明の形状加工プログラムの例を示すフローチャートであって、工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する工具の加工点算出ルーチンと、工具の基準点の座標を算出する工具の基準点算出ルーチンと、工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換するデータ変換ルーチンとからなるものである。なお、図１１には工具の先端形状を計測して工具先端形状を記憶させる形状計測記憶ルーチン及びＮＣデータを工作機械の数値制御装置に転送するデータ転送ルーチンも含めて示してある。 FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of a shape machining program according to the present invention. A tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point of the workpiece by matching the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece. A machining point calculation routine for a tool for calculating machining points, a tool reference point calculation routine for calculating coordinates of a tool reference point, a data conversion routine for converting a data string of coordinate data of a tool reference point into NC data, and It consists of FIG. 11 also includes a shape measurement storage routine for measuring the tool tip shape and storing the tool tip shape, and a data transfer routine for transferring NC data to the numerical controller of the machine tool.

このプログラムの加工点算出ルーチンをコンピュータに実行させるとコンピュータは工具先端部の形状データとワークの目標形状データとを突合してワークの加工点毎にそのワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点を算出する手段として機能し、基準点算出ルーチンを実行させるとコンピュータは算出された工具の加工点から工具の基準点の座標を算出する手段として機能し、データ変換ルーチンを実行させるとコンピュータは算出された工具の基準点の座標データのデータ列をＮＣデータに変換する手段として機能するものである。 When the computer executes the machining point calculation routine of this program, the computer collates the shape data of the tool tip and the target shape data of the workpiece, and determines the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point of the workpiece. The computer functions as a means for calculating and when the reference point calculation routine is executed, the computer functions as a means for calculating the coordinates of the tool reference point from the calculated machining point of the tool, and when the data conversion routine is executed, the computer is calculated. It functions as means for converting the data string of the coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data.

したがって、このプログラムを実行すると、形状計測記憶ルーチンにより工具の先端形状が計測されて工具の先端形状が記憶される。次に、加工点算出ルーチンによりワークの目標形状と工具の先端形状とが突合され、ワークの加工点が順次指定されて指定されたワークの加工点における接線の角度と同一角度の接線を有する工具の加工点が求められ、指定されたワークの加工点を加工する工具の加工点が順次算出される。この算出された工具の加工点とワークの加工点の座標から基準点算出ルーチンにより工具基準点の座標が算出され、算出された工具基準点の座標のデータ列はデータ変換ルーチンによりＮＣデータに変換される。このようにして得られたＮＣデータはデータ転送ルーチンにより工作機械の数値制御装置に転送される。 Therefore, when this program is executed, the tip shape of the tool is measured by the shape measurement storage routine, and the tip shape of the tool is stored. Next, the workpiece target shape and the tool tip shape are abutted by the machining point calculation routine, the machining points of the workpiece are sequentially designated, and the tool has a tangent of the same angle as the tangent angle at the designated machining point of the workpiece. Machining points are obtained, and the machining points of the tool for machining the designated machining point of the workpiece are sequentially calculated. The tool reference point coordinates are calculated by the reference point calculation routine from the calculated tool machining point and workpiece machining point coordinates, and the calculated tool reference point coordinate data string is converted to NC data by the data conversion routine. Is done. The NC data thus obtained is transferred to the numerical control device of the machine tool by a data transfer routine.

本発明の形状加工に使用する砥石の外形図である。It is an outline drawing of a grindstone used for shape processing of the present invention. 砥石の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of a grindstone. 本発明の形状加工に使用するバイトの外形図である。It is an outline drawing of a cutting tool used for shape processing of the present invention. 工具先端部分の断面形状の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the cross-sectional shape of a tool front-end | tip part. 加工されたダミーワークの例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the example of the processed dummy workpiece. 複数の円弧で近似した工具の形状を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the shape of the tool approximated by the some circular arc. ワークと工具の関係を例示する図である。It is a figure which illustrates the relationship between a workpiece | work and a tool. ワークと工具の関係を例示する図である。It is a figure which illustrates the relationship between a workpiece | work and a tool. 複数の直線で近似したワークの形状を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the shape of the workpiece | work approximated by the some straight line. 目標形状と実際の加工形状の関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between a target shape and an actual process shape. 本発明の形状加工プログラムのフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the shape processing program of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１工具
２軸孔
３砥石
４ツールホルダー
５バイト
６ワーク
７、８、９円弧
ａ、ｂ工具先端部
ｃ想定した工具径
ｄ想定した工具径の円弧と一致しない部分
ｅ、ｆ、ｇ、ｈ円弧の始点と終点
ｊ、ｋ、ｍ、ｎ接線の角度
ｐ基準点 1 Tool 2 Shaft hole 3 Grinding wheel 4 Tool holder 5 Byte 6 Work piece 7, 8, 9 Arc a, b Tool tip c Estimated tool diameter d Parts that do not match the assumed tool diameter arc e, f, g, h Arc Starting point and ending point j, k, m, n Tangent angle p Reference point

Claims

Sampling a point on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool, and obtaining shape data of a tool tip portion composed of a data row in which coordinates of the sampled points with a predetermined reference point as an origin are enumerated; and A process of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data; Calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the machining point coordinates of the tool and the machining point of the workpiece, converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data, The NC data obtained in this way is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is moved forward and backward and moved in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, and Tsukiawashi shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data For each machining point on the workpiece's target shape data, the process of calculating the machining point of the tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece includes the step of obtaining the tangent angle at the machining point of the workpiece, and the machining point of the obtained workpiece A shape machining method comprising a step of obtaining a point on a tool having a tangent of the same angle as the angle of the tangent and using it as a machining point of the tool.

Sampling a point on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool, and obtaining shape data of a tool tip portion composed of a data row in which coordinates of the sampled points with a predetermined reference point as an origin are enumerated; and A process of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data; Calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the machining point coordinates of the tool and the machining point of the workpiece, converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data, The NC data obtained in this way is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is moved forward and backward and moved in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, and Tsukiawashi shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data For each machining point on the target shape data of the workpiece, the step of calculating the machining point of the tool machining the workpiece machining point is approximated by dividing the shape of the tool tip into a plurality of arcs connected to each other. The process of obtaining the angle of the tangent line at the start point and end point of the arc, and the tangent line at the machining point of the workpiece that each arc part handles from the range of the angle of the tangent line at the start point and end point of each arc approximated by dividing The method includes a step of determining an angle range, and a step of obtaining a point on the tool having a tangent having the same angle as the tangent angle at the workpiece machining point to obtain a machining point of the tool. Jo processing method.

Sampling a point on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool, and obtaining shape data of a tool tip portion composed of a data row in which coordinates of the sampled points with a predetermined reference point as an origin are enumerated; and A process of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data; Calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the machining point coordinates of the tool and the machining point of the workpiece, converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data, The NC data obtained in this way is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is moved forward and backward and moved in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, and Tsukiawashi shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool that processes the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece shape data approximates the workpiece shape by dividing it into multiple straight lines, and approximates the workpiece shape To calculate the angle of each line segment, to approximate the shape of the tool tip divided into a plurality of arcs connected to each other, to determine the angle of the tangent at the start point and end point of each arc, and to approximate by dividing The step of determining the angle range of the line segment that approximates the target shape of the workpiece that each arc portion is responsible for machining from the range of the tangent angle at the start point and end point of each arc at the tool tip, and the target shape of the workpiece Shaping method characterized by comprising a step of the machining point of the tool seeking a point on the tool having a tangent line angle and the same angle at which similar.

Sampling a point on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool, and obtaining shape data of a tool tip portion composed of a data row in which coordinates of the sampled points with a predetermined reference point as an origin are enumerated; and A process of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data; Calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the machining point coordinates of the tool and the machining point of the workpiece, converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data, The NC data obtained in this way is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is moved forward and backward and moved in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, and Tsukiawashi shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The process of calculating the machining point of the tool that processes the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece shape data approximates the shape of the tool tip by dividing it into multiple straight lines, and sets the angle of each line segment. And a step of obtaining a machining point of the tool by obtaining a line segment that approximates the shape of the tool tip at the same angle as the angle of the tangent at the machining point of the workpiece or the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction. A shape processing method characterized by the above.

Sampling a point on a machining curve of a dummy workpiece machined by a tool, and obtaining shape data of a tool tip portion composed of a data row in which coordinates of the sampled points with a predetermined reference point as an origin are enumerated; and A process of calculating a machining point of a tool for machining the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece target shape data by matching the acquired tool tip shape data with the workpiece target shape data; Calculating the coordinates of the reference point of the tool from the machining point coordinates of the tool and the machining point of the workpiece, converting the data string of the calculated coordinate data of the reference point of the tool into NC data, The NC data obtained in this way is given to a numerically controlled machine tool, and the tool for machining the workpiece into a target shape according to the tip shape of the tool is moved forward and backward and moved in the feed direction. Moving the tool in accordance with the movement path calculates the moving path, a process comprising a shaping process for shaping a workpiece, and Tsukiawashi shape data and the work of the tool tip that is acquired and a target shape data The step of calculating the machining point of the tool that processes the machining point of the workpiece for each machining point on the workpiece's target shape data divides and approximates the workpiece's target shape into a plurality of straight lines, and obtains the angle of each line segment The shape of the tool tip is divided into a plurality of straight lines and approximated, and the angle of each line segment is obtained, and the angle that is the same as the angle of the line segment that approximates the target shape of the workpiece, or the acute angle direction and the obtuse angle direction respectively. A shape machining method comprising: obtaining a line segment that approximates the shape of a tool tip at a close angle to obtain a machining point of the tool.