CN113179771A - Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113179771A CN113179771A CN202110467384.8A CN202110467384A CN113179771A CN 113179771 A CN113179771 A CN 113179771A CN 202110467384 A CN202110467384 A CN 202110467384A CN 113179771 A CN113179771 A CN 113179771A
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- Prior art keywords
- straws
- cutting
- wall
- extrusion
- crushing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/06—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like having rotating knives with their cutting edges on a cylinder surface, e.g. of the helical-type
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F29/00—Cutting apparatus specially adapted for cutting hay, straw or the like
- A01F29/09—Details
- A01F29/14—Drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
- B30B1/26—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks
- B30B1/261—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by cams, eccentrics, or cranks by cams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by using straws, which uses straw crushing equipment, wherein the straw crushing equipment comprises a crushing cylinder, an extrusion separation device and a cutting crushing device, wherein an extrusion cavity and a cutting cavity are sequentially formed in the crushing cylinder from top to bottom; the straw is crushed by discharging at a fixed length in a cutting and crushing mode, so that the problems that when the straw is crushed by using a grinding method and the like, the coarse fibers of the straw are difficult to effectively crush, the crushing efficiency is insufficient, the crushing effect is poor and the like are solved; the invention feeds downwards by the self gravity of the straws, and then can only fix the distance of feeding and extruding part, thereby controlling fixed-length feeding by an extruding mode, and solving the problems that the straws are difficult to feed automatically and difficult to cut after being clamped.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production, in particular to a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by using straws.
Background
The utilization of crop straws by Chinese farmers has a long history, but only because of low agricultural production level, low yield and small quantity of straws, most of the straws are used as fuel and burnt except that a small quantity of straws are used for gaskets and feeding livestock and part of straws are used for composting. After the prior art is upgraded, the straws are made into organic fertilizer, so that the straws can be well utilized. The organic fertilizer is also called 'farmyard manure'. Organic fertilizers are all known as organic fertilizers. Including human excrement, manure, compost, green manure, cake manure, biogas manure, and the like. Has the characteristics of multiple varieties, wide sources, long fertilizer efficiency and the like.
Firstly, because the straws are long and coarse fiber raw materials, the straws are difficult to directly use methods such as grinding and hammering when being crushed, and when the straws are crushed by using the methods such as grinding, the coarse fibers of the straws are difficult to effectively crush, so that the crushing efficiency is not enough, the crushing effect is not good and the like; secondly, due to the long rod type structure of the straws, the straws are difficult to automatically feed and clamp and cut.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an organic fertilizer by utilizing straws, which has the advantages of automatic blanking, clamping and fixing, cutting and mincing and the like, thereby solving the problems.
A method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws uses straw crushing equipment, the straw crushing equipment comprises a crushing barrel, an extrusion separation device and a cutting and crushing device, and the method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws for the straw crushing equipment further comprises the following steps:
s1, straw cleaning: cleaning the straws in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, and then airing the cleaned straws;
s2, extrusion: introducing the dried straws in the step S1 into a crushing cylinder, and extruding the straws by an extrusion separation device;
s3, cutting and crushing: cutting the straws extruded in the step S2 by a cutting and crushing device;
s4, fertilizer preparation: after the chopped straws of the step S3 are collected, composting the collected straws to prepare fertilizer;
an extrusion cavity and a cutting cavity are sequentially formed in the crushing cylinder from top to bottom, an extrusion separation device is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the extrusion cavity, and a cutting crushing device is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the cutting cavity; the extrusion separation device flattens the straws, cuts the outer skins of the straws, and cuts the flattened straws through the cutting and crushing device, so that the small straws with the cut outer skins are scattered, and the straws are scattered into small particles.
The extrusion separation device comprises a guide chute, a baffle plate, a driving motor, a rotating column, a rotating cam, a guide rod, a feeding plate, a reset spring and an extrusion mechanism, wherein the guide chute is uniformly formed in the upper end of the crushing barrel in the axial direction; the straw is discharged from the guide chute in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, the straw is not fed by the baffle plate, the driving motor drives the feeding plate and the extruding mechanism to extrude the straw through the rotating cam, the straw of the extruding part is downwards fed through the baffle plate, the part which is not extruded is clamped by the baffle plate again, and the cutting and crushing device cuts the straw of partial discharging at the moment, so that the straw is dispersed into small particles.
Cutting breaker include the column spinner, the bearing board, the rotating gear, the drive chain belt, actuating mechanism, cutting rotary cutter and supplementary cutter, be provided with the column spinner through the bearing on the cutting chamber lower extreme inner wall, the column spinner upper end is connected with the rotation post through fixed connection mode, evenly be provided with the bearing board around the axial on the column spinner outer wall, the bearing board upper end is passed through the bearing setting and is in the bearing board upper end, the cover is equipped with the drive chain belt on the rotating gear outer wall, be provided with actuating mechanism on the inner wall of column spinner lower extreme. The driving motor drives the rotating column to rotate so as to drive the supporting bracket to rotate together, and the driving mechanism drives the plurality of cutting rotating cutters to rotate simultaneously through the matching of the rotating gear and the transmission chain belt, so that the leaked straw part is cut when being crushed.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the extrusion mechanism comprises a driven pressing flat seat, fiber cutting knives and extrusion springs, a sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of one end, close to the rotating column, of the guide groove, the driven pressing flat seat is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the fiber cutting knives are uniformly arranged at one end, far away from the rotating column, of the feeding plate, and the extrusion springs are arranged between the driven pressing flat seat and the feeding plate. When the rotating cam rotates, the feeding plate is driven to be fed through extrusion, the feeding plate is far away from the rotating column to be fed, the feeding plate drives the straw to be extruded through the extrusion spring from the pressing flat seat, and when the driven flat seat can not be fed, the feeding plate extrudes the extrusion spring so as to drive the fiber cutting knife to cut the outer surface of the straw. When the rotating cam is separated from the feeding plate, the return spring and the extrusion spring respectively drive the feeding plate and the driven flattening seat to return.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, one end of the driven flattening seat, which is far away from the extrusion plate, is uniformly provided with a sliding groove, and the fiber cutting knife is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding mode. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating cam has an elliptical structure.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the driving mechanism comprises an auxiliary motor, a belt pulley and a transmission belt, the auxiliary motor is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the rotating column through a motor base, the belt pulley is arranged at the upper end of the output end of the auxiliary motor, a transmission cavity is formed in a bearing plate positioned on the rear side, a driven wheel is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the transmission cavity through a bearing, and the outer walls of the belt pulley and the driven wheel are sleeved with the transmission belt. The auxiliary motor drives the cutting rotary cutter to rotate at high speed through the cooperation of the belt pulley and the transmission belt.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the driven wheel is connected to a rotary gear at the rear side in a fixed connection manner, and the driven wheel is used for rotating the cutting rotary cutter. As a preferable scheme of the invention, the outer wall of the cutting rotary cutter is uniformly provided with cutting teeth which are used for improving the cutting efficiency of the straws. As a preferable scheme of the invention, the outer wall of the rotating column is uniformly provided with auxiliary cutters around the axial direction.
(III) advantageous effects
1. The straw is crushed by discharging at a fixed length in a cutting and crushing mode, so that the problems that when the straw is crushed by using a grinding method and the like, the coarse fibers of the straw are difficult to effectively crush, the crushing efficiency is insufficient, the crushing effect is poor and the like are solved; the invention feeds downwards by the self gravity of the straws, and then can only fix the distance of feeding and extruding part, thereby controlling fixed-length feeding by an extruding mode, and solving the problems that the straws are difficult to feed automatically and difficult to cut after being clamped.
2. According to the invention, after the straws are discharged from the guide chute in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, the straw is not fed by the material baffle plate, the driving motor drives the feeding plate and the extruding mechanism to extrude the straws through the rotating cam, the extruded part of the straws is fed downwards through the material baffle plate, the material baffle plate clamps the part which is not extruded again, and at the moment, the cutting and crushing device cuts part of the discharged straws, so that the straws are dispersed into small particles.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention for producing organic fertilizer from straw;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along section A-A of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along section B-B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the cutting and crushing unit according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressing mechanism in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws, which uses a straw crushing device, the straw crushing device comprises a crushing cylinder 1, an extrusion separation device 2 and a cutting and crushing device 3, the method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws by using the straw crushing device further comprises the following steps:
s1, straw cleaning: cleaning the straws in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, and then airing the cleaned straws;
s2, extrusion: introducing the dried straws in the step S1 into a crushing cylinder 1, and extruding the straws through an extrusion separation device 2;
s3, cutting and crushing: cutting the straws extruded in the step S2 by a cutting and crushing device 3;
s4, fertilizer preparation: after the chopped straws of the step S3 are collected, composting the collected straws to prepare fertilizer;
an extrusion cavity and a cutting cavity are sequentially formed in the crushing cylinder 1 from top to bottom, an extrusion separation device 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the extrusion cavity, and a cutting crushing device 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the cutting cavity; the extrusion separation device 2 flattens the straws, cuts the outer skins of the straws, and cuts the flattened straws through the cutting and crushing device 3, so that the outer skins are scattered by the cut small straws, and the straws are scattered into small particles.
The extrusion separation device 2 comprises a material guide groove 21, a material baffle plate 22, a driving motor 23, a rotating column 24, a rotating cam 25, a guide rod 26, a feeding plate 27, a return spring 28 and an extrusion mechanism 29, wherein the material guide groove 21 is uniformly formed in the upper end of the crushing barrel 1 in the axial direction, the material baffle plate 22 is arranged on the inner wall of one end, close to the extrusion cavity, of the material guide groove 21, the driving motor 23 is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the extrusion cavity through a motor base, the rotating column 24 is arranged at the lower end of the output end of the driving motor 23, the rotating cam 25 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column 24, the guide rod 26 is uniformly arranged on the inner ring surface of the extrusion cavity in the axial direction, the feeding plate 27 is connected with the guide rod 26 in a sliding mode, the return spring 28 is arranged between the feeding plate 27 and the inner ring surface of the extrusion cavity, and the extrusion mechanism 29 is arranged at one end, far away from the rotating column 24, of the feeding plate 27; the rotary cam 25 is of an elliptical configuration. The straw is discharged from the guide chute 21 in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, the straw is not fed by the baffle plate 22, the driving motor 23 drives the feeding plate 27 and the extruding mechanism 29 to extrude the straw through the rotating cam 25, the extruded straw is fed downwards through the baffle plate 22, the part which is not extruded is clamped by the baffle plate 22 again, and the cutting and crushing device 3 cuts part of the discharged straw, so that the straw is dispersed into small particles.
The extrusion mechanism 29 comprises a driven pressing flat seat 291, a fiber cutting knife 292 and an extrusion spring 293, a sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of one end, close to the rotating column 24, of the guide chute 21, the driven pressing flat seat 291 is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding mode, the fiber cutting knife 292 is uniformly arranged at one end, far away from the rotating column 24, of the feeding plate 27, and the extrusion spring 293 is arranged between the driven pressing flat seat 291 and the feeding plate 27. The driven seat 291 that flattens keep away from the one end of stripper plate and evenly seted up the spout, the fibre cutting knife 292 is connected with the spout through the slip mode. When the rotating cam 25 rotates, the feeding plate 27 is driven to be away from the rotating column 24 to feed through extrusion, the feeding plate 27 drives the driven flat pressing seat 291 to extrude the straw through the extrusion spring 293, and when the driven flat pressing seat 291 cannot feed, the feeding plate 27 extrudes the extrusion spring 293 so as to drive the fiber cutting knife 292 to cut the outer skin of the straw. When the rotating cam 25 is disengaged from the feed plate 27, the return spring 28 and the pressing spring 293 return the feed plate 27 and the driven flat pressing seat 291, respectively.
The driving mechanism 35 comprises an auxiliary motor 351, a belt pulley 352 and a transmission belt 353, wherein the auxiliary motor 351 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the rotary column 31 through a motor base, the belt pulley 352 is arranged at the upper end of the output end of the auxiliary motor 351, a transmission cavity is formed in the supporting plate 32 located on the rear side, a driven wheel is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the transmission cavity through a bearing, and the belt pulley 352 and the outer wall of the driven wheel are sleeved with the transmission belt 353. The upper end of the driven wheel is connected with a rotary gear 33 positioned at the rear side in a fixed connection mode, and the driven wheel is used for enabling the cutting rotary knife 36 to rotate. The auxiliary motor 351 drives the cutting rotary cutter 36 to rotate at high speed through the cooperation of the belt pulley 352 and the transmission belt 353.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws uses a straw crushing device, which comprises a crushing barrel (1), an extrusion separation device (2) and a cutting and crushing device (3), and is characterized in that: the method for preparing the organic fertilizer by adopting the straws for the straw crushing equipment also comprises the following steps:
s1, straw cleaning: cleaning the straws in a manual or mechanical auxiliary mode, and then airing the cleaned straws;
s2, extrusion: introducing the dried straws in the step S1 into a crushing cylinder (1), and extruding the straws through an extrusion separation device (2);
s3, cutting and crushing: cutting the straws extruded in the step S2 by a cutting and crushing device (3);
s4, fertilizer preparation: after the chopped straws of the step S3 are collected, composting the collected straws to prepare fertilizer;
an extrusion cavity and a cutting cavity are sequentially formed in the crushing cylinder (1) from top to bottom, an extrusion separation device (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the extrusion cavity, and a cutting crushing device (3) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the cutting cavity;
the extrusion separation device (2) comprises a guide chute (21), a material baffle plate (22), a driving motor (23), a rotating column (24), a rotating cam (25), a guide rod (26), a feeding plate (27), a reset spring (28) and an extrusion mechanism (29), wherein the guide chute (21) is uniformly arranged at the upper end of the crushing barrel (1) along the axial direction, the material baffle plate (22) is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the guide chute (21) close to the extrusion cavity, the driving motor (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the upper end of the extrusion cavity through a motor base, the rotating column (24) is arranged at the lower end of the output end of the driving motor (23), the rotating cam (25) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column (24), the guide rod (26) is uniformly arranged on the inner annular surface of the extrusion cavity along the axial direction, the feeding plate (27) is connected with the guide rod (26) in a sliding mode, the reset spring (28) is arranged between the feeding plate (27) and the inner annular surface of the extrusion cavity, one end of the feeding plate (27) far away from the rotating column (24) is provided with a squeezing mechanism (29);
cutting breaker (3) including column spinner (31), bearing board (32), swing pinion (33), drive chain belt (34), actuating mechanism (35), cutting rotary cutter (36) and supplementary cutter (37), be provided with column spinner (31) through the bearing on the cutting chamber lower extreme inner wall, column spinner (31) upper end is connected with rotation post (24) through the fixed connection mode, evenly be provided with bearing board (32) on column spinner (31) outer wall around the axial, bearing board (32) upper end passes through the bearing setting in bearing board (32) upper end, the cover is equipped with drive chain belt (34) on swing pinion (33) outer wall, be provided with actuating mechanism (35) on column spinner (31) lower extreme inner wall.
2. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: extrusion mechanism (29) including from flat seat (291), fibre cutting knife (292) of dynamic pressure and extrusion spring (293), the sliding tray has been seted up on baffle box (21) is close to the one end inner wall of rotating post (24), from flat seat (291) of dynamic pressure be connected with the sliding tray through the slip mode, the one end that rotating post (24) was kept away from in feed plate (27) evenly is provided with fibre cutting knife (292), be provided with extrusion spring (293) between driven flat seat (291) and feed plate (27).
3. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the one end of keeping away from the stripper plate from dynamic pressure flat seat (291) evenly seted up the spout, fibre cutting knife (292) are connected with the spout through the sliding mode.
4. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotating cam (25) is of an elliptical structure.
5. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: actuating mechanism (35) include auxiliary motor (351), belt pulley (352) and driving belt (353), auxiliary motor (351) pass through the motor cabinet and set up on column spinner (31) lower extreme inner wall, auxiliary motor (351) output upper end is provided with belt pulley (352), is located to have seted up the transmission chamber in the bearing board (32) of rear side, is provided with from the driving wheel through the bearing on the transmission chamber lower extreme inner wall, the cover is equipped with driving belt (353) on belt pulley (352) and the driven wheel outer wall.
6. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the upper end of the driven wheel is connected with a rotary gear (33) positioned at the rear side in a fixed connection mode, and the driven wheel is used for enabling the cutting rotary knife (36) to rotate.
7. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer wall of the cutting rotary cutter (36) is uniformly provided with cutting teeth, and the cutting teeth are used for improving the cutting efficiency of the straw.
8. The method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and auxiliary cutters (37) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating column (31) along the axial direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110467384.8A CN113179771A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110467384.8A CN113179771A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113179771A true CN113179771A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
Family
ID=76980343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110467384.8A Withdrawn CN113179771A (en) | 2021-04-28 | 2021-04-28 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer by using straws |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113179771A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116968365A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 江苏金桥油脂科技有限公司 | Waste treatment equipment for producing palm oil |
-
2021
- 2021-04-28 CN CN202110467384.8A patent/CN113179771A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116968365A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 江苏金桥油脂科技有限公司 | Waste treatment equipment for producing palm oil |
| CN116968365B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-26 | 江苏金桥油脂科技有限公司 | Waste treatment equipment for producing palm oil |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210730 |
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| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: Zhou Weitong Document name: Refund Approval Notice |