CN113179752A - Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method - Google Patents

Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113179752A
CN113179752A CN202110467513.3A CN202110467513A CN113179752A CN 113179752 A CN113179752 A CN 113179752A CN 202110467513 A CN202110467513 A CN 202110467513A CN 113179752 A CN113179752 A CN 113179752A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
stalk
corn
length
base
harvesting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110467513.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
耿端阳
李玉环
姚艳春
武继达
印祥
王宗源
王志伟
李华彪
杨昊霖
徐彤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shandong University of Technology
Original Assignee
Shandong University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shandong University of Technology filed Critical Shandong University of Technology
Priority to CN202110467513.3A priority Critical patent/CN113179752A/en
Publication of CN113179752A publication Critical patent/CN113179752A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02—Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/021—Cornheaders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

A method for comprehensively utilizing corn by segmental harvesting relates to the technical field of crop harvesting and utilization. Dividing the corn into three sections of a stalk base part, a stalk middle part and a stalk upper part in the stalk direction, wherein the starting point of the stalk base part is the corn planting ground, and the length of the stalk base part is l1，l1The length range of (A) is 25cm-45 cm; the starting point of the middle part of the stalk is the top point of the base part of the stalk, and the length of the middle part of the stalk is delta1+l2+Δ2Wherein, 20cm is less than or equal to delta1Not more than the maximum ear height-l of corn1，10cm≤Δ2≤20cm，l2The length of the corn ear is the vertical height distance of the corn ear in the direction of the corn stalk; the starting point of the upper part of the stalk is the top point of the middle part of the stalk, and the length of the upper part of the stalk is l3，l3Is jade in lengthLength of rice stem-l1‑l2. The corn segmental harvesting comprehensive utilization method provided by the invention effectively improves the product quality of the feed, reduces the power consumption of a harvester and the damage rate of the ears in the ear picking process, and improves the harvesting efficiency of the corn.

Description

Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting and utilization, in particular to a segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilization method of corn.
Background
With the development of the times and the continuous improvement of the living standard of farmers, the corn straws are changed from valuable fuel resources of the farmers into 'leaving useless and abandoning the unfortunately chicken ribs', and the problem of processing the corn straws follows.
Generally adopt maize combine to gather in the field among the prior art to gather in the maize, if smash whole trunk maize straw and return the field in the time of the results, can lead to farmland earth's surface straw content too big, reduce maize combine operating efficiency, increase maize combine's consumption power, if smash maize straw and then turn over and bury the processing, will increase mechanical operation cost, and the whole trunk of maize straw is smashed the back because lignin and cellulose content are high, be difficult to by the microorganism utilization in the soil, lead to farmland C/N ratio unbalance easily, influence the crop farming output of next year.
Currently, there is another approach to the processing of corn stover ground and harvested for use in the production of roughage in livestock breeding. The corn stalk has high upper water content and light lignification degree, is suitable for being used as coarse feed, but the lower surface of the corn stalk is hard and contains more nitrite, and after the corn stalk is made into cattle feed, the cattle stomach wall is easily scratched, so that pregnant cattle abortion is caused, and cattle sickness and diarrhea are caused.
In addition, the traditional corn harvesting method adopts a mode of breaking the fruit stalk to realize the separation of the fruit ears and the stalks, so that the damage of the fruit ears is easily larger, and the power consumption of the corn combined harvester is large in the ear picking process.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a more effective corn treatment method to perform segmented comprehensive utilization on the corn so as to solve the problems and further promote ecological agriculture and circular agriculture construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method for comprehensively utilizing segmented corn harvesting, so as to solve the existing problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilization of corn comprises dividing corn into three sections of a stalk base part, a stalk middle part and a stalk upper part in the stalk direction,
the starting point of the stalk base is the corn planting ground, and the length of the stalk base is l1，l1The length range of the stalk is 25cm-45cm, and the base part of the stalk is treated by adopting a crushing and returning way;
the starting point of the middle part of the stalk is the top point of the base part of the stalk, and the length of the middle part of the stalk is delta1+l2+Δ2Wherein, 20cm is less than or equal to delta1Not more than the maximum ear height-l of corn1，10cm≤Δ2≤20cm，l2The length of the corn ear is the vertical height distance of the corn ear in the direction of the corn stalk, the corn ear and the corn stalk in the middle of the stalk are separated, and the separated corn stalk is processed by adopting a mode of preparing feed by fermentation after being cut and kneaded;
the starting point of the upper part of the stalk is the top point of the middle part of the stalk, and the length of the upper part of the stalk is l3，l3The length of (a) is-l of the length of the corn stalk1-l2And the upper parts of the stalks are crushed and then treated by adopting a mode of fermenting to prepare the feed.
Further, the middle part of the stem adopts a tip remover to separate the ears from the stem, and then the ears are peeled.
Further, standing the base part of the stalk in the field, performing precipitation treatment in a standing-stalk natural drying mode, and crushing and returning the corn stalk to the field when the water content of the corn stalk at the base part of the stalk is below 30%.
Further, the length l of the stalk base1The range of (A) is 35cm-40 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the segmented corn harvesting comprehensive utilization method provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the corn stalks at the base parts of the stalks are crushed and returned to the field, so that the fertility of the farmland is improved; the corn stalks with high water content and light lignification degree in the middle of the stalks and on the upper parts of the stalks are crushed and fermented to prepare the feed, so that the quality of the feed is improved; by adopting the sectional corn harvesting method, the power consumption and the ear damage rate of the harvester in the ear picking process are reduced, and the corn harvesting efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a corn segment structure in example 1 of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a corn segmental harvesting comprehensive utilization method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a method for the segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilization of corn, which divides the corn into three sections of a stem base part, a stem middle part and a stem upper part in the direction of the stem,
the starting point of the stalk base is the corn planting ground, and the length of the stalk base is l1，l1The length range of the stalk is 25cm-45cm, and the base part of the stalk is treated by adopting a crushing and returning way;
the starting point of the middle part of the stem is the stemThe top of the stalk base part and the length of the middle part of the stalk are delta1+l2+Δ2Wherein, 20cm is less than or equal to delta1Not more than the maximum ear height-l of corn1，10cm≤Δ2≤20cm，l2The length of the corn ear is the vertical height distance of the corn ear in the direction of the corn stalk, the corn ear and the corn stalk in the middle of the stalk are separated, and the separated corn stalk is processed by adopting a mode of preparing feed by fermentation after being cut and kneaded;
the starting point of the upper part of the stalk is the top point of the middle part of the stalk, and the length of the upper part of the stalk is l3，l3The length of (a) is-l of the length of the corn stalk1-l2And the upper parts of the stalks are crushed and then treated by adopting a mode of fermenting to prepare the feed.
Further, the middle part of the stem adopts a tip remover to separate the ears from the stem, and then the ears are peeled.
Further, standing the base part of the stalk in the field, performing precipitation treatment in a standing-stalk natural drying mode, and crushing and returning the corn stalk to the field when the water content of the corn stalk at the base part of the stalk is below 30%.
Further, the length l of the stalk base1The range of (A) is 35cm-40 cm.
The working principle is as follows: cutting corn into three sections, namely a stem base part, a stem middle part and a stem upper part, wherein the stem base part is dried and dewatered firstly, and then is crushed and returned to the field; separating the ears from the stalks by a tip remover in the middle of the stalks, and then peeling the ears; the upper part of the stalk is crushed and then treated by adopting a mode of fermenting to prepare the feed.
Example 1
In this example, the height of the corn stalk is 220cm, the maximum ear height of the corn is 140cm, and the stalk base is l1Is 25cm, l2Is 20cm,. DELTA.1The maximum ear height of the corn is-l1I.e. 140cm-25cm to 115cm, Δ220cm, and a middle part of the stalk is delta1+l2+Δ2I.e. 115cm +20cm +20cm is 155cm, on the stemThe part is 220cm-25cm-155 cm-40 cm. According to the base of the stem l1The corn is divided into three sections with the length of 25cm, the middle part of the stalk is 155cm, and the upper part of the stalk is 40cm, and the average damage rate of the ears is 1 percent after harvesting.
Example 2
In this example, the height of the corn stalk is 220cm, the maximum ear height of the corn is 140cm, and the stalk base is l1Is 35cm, l2Is 20cm,. DELTA.1The maximum ear height of the corn is-l1I.e. 140cm-35 cm-105 cm,
Δ215cm, and a middle part of the stalk is delta1+l2+Δ2Namely 105cm +20cm +15cm is 140cm, and the upper part of the stem is 220cm-35cm-140cm is 45 cm. According to the base of the stem l1The corn is divided into three sections with the length of 35cm, the middle part of the stalk is 140cm and the upper part of the stalk is 45cm, and the average damage rate of the ears is 1.2 percent after harvesting.
Example 3
In this example, the height of the corn stalk is 220cm, the maximum ear height of the corn is 140cm, and the stalk base is l1Is 45cm, l2Is 20cm,. DELTA.1The maximum ear height of the corn is-l1Namely 140cm-45cm to 95cm,
Δ2is 10cm, and the middle part of the stem is delta1+l2+Δ2Namely, the length of the stalk is 125cm from 95cm to 20cm and 10cm, and the length of the stalk is 50cm from 220cm to 45cm to 125 cm. According to the base of the stem l1The corn is divided into three sections by the length of 45cm, the middle part of the stalk is 125cm, and the upper part of the stalk is 50cm, and the average damage rate of the ears is 1.5 percent after harvesting.
Comparative example 1
The corn is harvested by adopting a traditional harvesting method, and a Futian Leiwo God GE60 harvester is used for carrying out corn harvesting tests, so that the average damage rate of the clusters is 7.15 percent finally.
The data of 3 examples and comparative examples are compared and combed to obtain a statistical table of the average damage rate of the clusters, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1
Average damage rate of ear 1％ 1.2％ 1.5％ 7.15％
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilization of corn is characterized in that the corn is divided into three sections of a stem base part, a stem middle part and a stem upper part in the stem direction,
the starting point of the stalk base is the corn planting ground, and the length of the stalk base is l1，l1The length range of the stalk is 25cm-45cm, and the base part of the stalk is treated by adopting a crushing and returning way;
the starting point of the middle part of the stalk is the top point of the base part of the stalk, and the length of the middle part of the stalk is delta1+l2+Δ2Wherein, 20cm is less than or equal to delta1Not more than the maximum ear height-l of corn1，10cm≤Δ2≤20cm，l2The length of the corn ear is the vertical height distance of the corn ear in the direction of the corn stalk, the corn ear and the corn stalk in the middle of the stalk are separated, and the separated corn stalk is processed by adopting a mode of preparing feed by fermentation after being cut and kneaded;
the starting point of the upper part of the stalk is the top point of the middle part of the stalk, and the length of the upper part of the stalk is l3，l3The length of (a) is-l of the length of the corn stalk1-l2And the upper parts of the stalks are crushed and then treated by adopting a mode of fermenting to prepare the feed.
2. The method for segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilization of corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein a tip remover is used in the middle of the stalks to separate the ears from the stalks, and then the ears are peeled.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base of the corn stalk is left standing in the field, the stalk is naturally dried by standing up to reduce water, and when the water content of the corn stalk at the base of the corn stalk is below 30%, the corn stalk is crushed and returned to the field.
4. The corn segmental harvesting and comprehensive utilization method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the length l of the base part of the stalk1The range of (A) is 35cm-40 cm.
CN202110467513.3A 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method Pending CN113179752A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110467513.3A CN113179752A (en) 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110467513.3A CN113179752A (en) 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113179752A true CN113179752A (en) 2021-07-30

Family

ID=76979937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110467513.3A Pending CN113179752A (en) 2021-04-28 2021-04-28 Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113179752A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114521390A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-05-24 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) Fresh corn harvester capable of preventing kernel damage

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2633004Y (en) * 2003-05-14 2004-08-18 魏超 Multipurpose combine
CA2839073A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-20 Shandong Tralin Paper Co., Ltd A corn stalk material, a method and apparatus for preparing it
CN104584792A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Maize straw segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilizing method
CN106888680A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-27 湘潭智联技术转移促进有限责任公司 Stalk-spike-reaping formula fresh edible maize harvester
CN206629463U (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-11-14 山东农业大学 Maize straw segmentation utilizes corn harvester
CN109874500A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-14 河南合宇农业机械设备有限公司 Tip device is removed before sugarcane harvesting machine cut
CN111512779A (en) * 2020-05-30 2020-08-11 钱秀英 Ear of grain stem is received type maize picker stalk and is chopped recovery unit concurrently
US20200253121A1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-13 Marion Calmer 12 bladed stalk roll

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2633004Y (en) * 2003-05-14 2004-08-18 魏超 Multipurpose combine
CA2839073A1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2014-08-20 Shandong Tralin Paper Co., Ltd A corn stalk material, a method and apparatus for preparing it
CN104584792A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-05-06 东北农业大学 Maize straw segmented harvesting and comprehensive utilizing method
CN106888680A (en) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-27 湘潭智联技术转移促进有限责任公司 Stalk-spike-reaping formula fresh edible maize harvester
CN206629463U (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-11-14 山东农业大学 Maize straw segmentation utilizes corn harvester
US20200253121A1 (en) * 2019-02-12 2020-08-13 Marion Calmer 12 bladed stalk roll
CN109874500A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-06-14 河南合宇农业机械设备有限公司 Tip device is removed before sugarcane harvesting machine cut
CN111512779A (en) * 2020-05-30 2020-08-11 钱秀英 Ear of grain stem is received type maize picker stalk and is chopped recovery unit concurrently

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
张春庆: "《玉米水稻杂交种子生产技术》", 31 March 2015, 山东科学技术出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114521390A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-05-24 金华市农业科学研究院(浙江省农业机械研究院) Fresh corn harvester capable of preventing kernel damage

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Tao et al. Research progress of maize mechanized harvesting technology
CN103039253B (en) Method for cultivating good-quality high-yield silage corns
CN101607840A (en) Multifunctional bio-organic fertilizer and its production and application
CN102613002B (en) Method for using banana stalk and banana leave as raw materials to solidly culture pleurotus geesteranus under banana trees
CN101433279A (en) Novel method for ensiling corn stalk
CN103641555A (en) Method for manufacturing pleurotus nebrodensis culture material from sunflower byproducts
CN103387447B (en) Oyster mushroom cultivation material combination and production method thereof
CN102550280A (en) Method for intercropping silage corn with kidney bean
KR101221530B1 (en) Manufacturing method of natural fertilizer using crop and the washing water of rice for plants
CN113179752A (en) Corn segmented harvesting comprehensive utilization method
CN107660443A (en) Semiarid region apple grunt ox hickory chick circular agriculture system construction method
CN104987153A (en) Oyster mushroom cultivation material
CN113831187A (en) Marine biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN103229888A (en) Method for preparing protein feedstuff through straw solid-state fermentation by using neurospora crassa
CN209824449U (en) Device for synchronously realizing crop harvesting and straw rapid fermentation
CN103073337A (en) Method for enhancing soil fertility by prompting straw degradation with cellulase
CN108887491A (en) A kind of corn stover roughage and preparation method thereof for improving cattle and sheep digestibility
CN103098983A (en) Method for producing straw biological feed
CN108094682B (en) High-protein and high-energy grass particles for cattle and sheep
CN101273689B (en) Method of Microula sikkimensis (Clarke) Hemsl. bionic cultivation
CN107251731A (en) A kind of milpa interplants the implantation methods of Chinese cabbage
CN107027565A (en) A kind of implantation methods that rice quality is lifted in yangtse-huaihe region
CN209449238U (en) A kind of stipa baicalensis roshev removes seed machine
CN106045702A (en) Production strain growth medium for Volvariella volvacea and preparation method of production strain growth medium
JP5282213B2 (en) Mushroom medium reusable for livestock feed and method for producing the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination