CN113173471B

CN113173471B - Automatic installation equipment and method for elevator guide rail

Info

Publication number: CN113173471B
Application number: CN202110342907.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王开来; 王建国; 庞亮; 赖汉进; 吴伟文
Original assignee: Guangzhou Mingsen Hexing Tech Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Mingsen Hexing Tech Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2022-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-30
Also published as: CN113173471A

Abstract

The invention discloses automatic installation equipment and a method for elevator guide rails, wherein the equipment comprises a lifting box body, an automatic bottom code installation device, a guide rail carrying device and a distance measuring device, wherein the lifting box body is of at least two-layer structure; the automatic bottom code mounting devices are arranged on an upper platform of the lifting box body; the guide rail carrying devices are arranged on an upper platform or/and a lower platform of the lifting box body; each group of guide rail carrying devices comprises a guide rail material taking fixing module for taking materials and a guide rail aligning moving module for moving the guide rail to the guide rail bracket and realizing positioning; the distance measuring device is used for measuring the vertical distance between the next operation position and the previous operation position and measuring the distance between the bottom codes and the guide rail so as to determine the horizontal length of the guide rail bracket. The automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail can automatically realize the installation of the guide rail, not only saves time and labor, but also can reduce the construction risk in the installation process.

Description

Automatic installation equipment and method for elevator guide rail

Technical Field

The invention relates to elevator installation equipment and a method, in particular to automatic elevator guide rail installation equipment and a method.

Background

As modern building transportation vehicles, elevators are used more and more along with the development of society. Elevator installation projects have become a huge industry. The installation of elevators generally comprises the following: the elevator is installed with a lifting traction device and a control system in a machine room, an elevator car, a counterweight, a guide rail, a cable and a floor-stopping control and protection device are installed in a well, and a door pocket, a display, a floor-stopping controller and the like are installed at a hoistway door. The construction of an elevator in a hoistway generally requires that four guide rails are installed firstly, wherein a left main guide rail and a right main guide rail are used for guiding the lifting of an elevator car; two auxiliary guide rails opposite to the hall door are used for guiding the lifting of the elevator counterweight block; then a plurality of landing door sleeves for entering and exiting the elevator need to be installed; the installation construction of the guide rail and the door pocket needs to be carried out in advance, plumb line lofting is carried out, then the foundation fixing piece is installed by taking the plumb line lofting as a reference, wherein the installation of the door pocket needs to be carried out by installing expansion screws on the wall in an alignment mode for fixing the foundation fixing pieces such as a door sill, an upper sill, a small door pocket and the like; the installation of the guide rail needs to be pre-installed with a guide rail bracket and foundation fixing parts such as a bottom code (usually angle iron, commonly called bottom code, the same below) used for fixing the bracket and connected with a wall body. The installation workload of the basic fasteners is large, the installation requirement is strict, the traditional installation mode is manual installation operation, time and labor are consumed, and certain construction danger is accompanied in the installation process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail, which can automatically realize the installation of the elevator guide rail, not only saves time and labor, but also can reduce the construction risk in the installation process.

A second object of the invention is to provide an automatic installation method of elevator guide rails.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an automatic installation device for elevator guide rails comprises a lifting box body, automatic bottom code installation devices, guide rail carrying devices and distance measuring devices, wherein the automatic bottom code installation devices are arranged on a platform of the lifting box body; the guide rail carrying devices are arranged on the upper layer platform or/and the lower layer platform of the lifting box body; each group of guide rail carrying devices comprises a guide rail material taking fixing module for taking materials and a guide rail aligning moving module for moving the guide rail to the guide rail bracket and realizing positioning; the distance measuring device is used for measuring the vertical distance between the next operation position and the previous operation position and measuring the distance between the bottom codes and the guide rail so as to determine the horizontal length of the guide rail bracket.

An automatic installation method of an elevator guide rail comprises the following steps:

(1) when the operation is started, a constructor is positioned on a lower-layer platform of the lifting box body, the lifting box body moves upwards, and meanwhile, the guide rail carrying device positioned in the lifting box body carries the guide rail to move upwards;

(2) at each working height, the automatic bottom code installation devices of the multiple groups respectively install the bottom codes at corresponding positions in the working height;

(3) the lifting box body continues to move upwards, so that a constructor arrives at the position of an upper-layer platform of the original lifting box body, determines the installation size of the guide rail bracket and installs the guide rail bracket with a proper size on the corresponding bottom codes;

(4) after the guide rail brackets are installed on all the bottom codes at the operation height, the lifting box body moves upwards to the next operation height, and the step (2) and the step (3) are repeated;

(5) after the angle code required by the whole guide rail to be installed and the guide rail bracket installed on the bottom code are installed, the guide rail is transported to the guide rail bracket by the guide rail transporting device and is positioned, and each part of the guide rail is installed on the corresponding guide rail bracket by a constructor;

(6) repeating the step (5) until the guide rails conveyed by the plurality of groups of guide rail conveying devices in the lifting box body are all arranged on the guide rail brackets corresponding to the guide rail conveying devices;

(7) the lifting box body moves downwards to the guide rail material taking station, and the guide rail carrying device on the lifting box body carries the guide rail to move upwards again to the next operation position;

(8) and (5) repeating the steps (1) to (7) until the installation and splicing work of all guide rails in the hoistway is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail, the bolt hole is formed in the position to be installed through the punching module, then the bottom code is conveyed to the bolt hole, then the explosive bolt on the automatic installation equipment for the bottom code is pushed into the bolt hole through the push rod in the bolt implanting mechanism, the explosive bolt reaches the set position, the sleeve is sleeved on the nut, and the nut tightening driving mechanism in the nut tightening mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate, so that the bottom code is fixed on the wall surface of a hoistway. The whole process is completed in a full-automatic mode, manual participation is not needed, construction efficiency is improved, construction cost is reduced, and dangers caused by construction can be reduced or eliminated.

2. When the bottom code installation module in the automatic elevator guide rail installation equipment works, the nut at the lower end of the explosive bolt in the bottom code is matched with the sleeve, and the screw rod of the explosive bolt pushes the explosive bolt into the bolt hole through the push rod in the bolt implantation mechanism in the operation stroke of the bolt implantation mechanism, and then the nut at the lower end of the explosive bolt is screwed through the nut screwing mechanism to drive the sleeve to rotate. The whole action is finished at one time, so that the installation efficiency of the bottom codes is greatly improved.

3. According to the automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail, after the punching module is provided with the bolt hole through the lifting motion of the lifting box body, the lifting box body can quickly and accurately move the bottom code installation module to the position of the punching module, so that the sleeve in the bottom code installation module and the bolt hole are positioned on the same axis, and accurate positioning is realized. Compared with the common visual positioning and photoelectric sensor positioning modes, the positioning mode has the advantages of higher accuracy, higher speed, simpler structure and lower cost.

4. The automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail has the advantages of high working efficiency, full-automatic operation and no danger of manual construction and difficulty of operation environment.

5. According to the automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail, the bottom codes are installed in the shaft through the automatic bottom code installation device, and meanwhile, the guide rail is transported and positioned through the multiple groups of guide rail transport devices arranged in the lifting box body, so that a constructor on a lower-layer platform of the lifting box body only needs to install the guide rail bracket and install the elevator guide rail on the guide rail bracket, the working strength of the constructor is greatly reduced, and the installation efficiency of the elevator guide rail (or elevator) is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic elevator installation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic perspective views of two different viewing angles of the automatic bottom code installation device.

Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural diagrams of the punching module, wherein fig. 4 is a schematic perspective structural diagram, and fig. 5 is a side view.

Fig. 6-9 are schematic structural views of the automatic bottom code mounting device, wherein fig. 6 and 7 are schematic perspective structural views from two different viewing angles, fig. 8 is a top view, and fig. 9 is a side view.

Fig. 10-12 are schematic structural views of the automatic bottom code installation device (removing the bottom code storage mechanism and the punching module), wherein fig. 10-11 are schematic perspective structural views of two different viewing angles of the automatic bottom code installation device, and fig. 12 is a side view.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the clamping mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the bottom code storage mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the sleeve.

Fig. 16 and 17 are schematic perspective views of two different viewing angles of the linear driving mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a schematic perspective view of an automatic elevator installation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention (automatic bottom-code removal installation device).

Fig. 19 is a schematic perspective view (partially) of the guide and rail aligning and moving mechanism in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the rail conveyance drive mechanism in fig. 18.

Fig. 21 is a schematic perspective view (partially) of the auxiliary conveyance drive mechanism in fig. 18.

Fig. 22 is a schematic perspective view of the elevating guide frame in fig. 18.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail of the invention comprises a lifting box body B, an automatic bottom-code installation device a arranged on the lifting box body B, a guide rail carrying device C and a distance measuring device D.

The specific structures of the automatic bottom loading device a, the lifting box B, the guide rail carrying device C, and the distance measuring device D will be described in detail below.

(1) Lifting box B

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the lifting box B is located in the hoistway, and the lifting box B has at least two layers of structures, and different automatic construction modules and partial spaces can be respectively arranged according to needs for manual operation; the automatic bottom code mounting devices A are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of automatic bottom code mounting devices A are arranged on an upper platform of the lifting box body B; a plurality of groups of guide rail carrying devices C are arranged on the upper layer platform and the lower layer platform of the lifting box body B, wherein the plurality of groups of bottom code automatic installation devices A on the upper layer platform of the lifting box body B correspond to the plurality of groups of guide rail carrying devices C one by one; a plurality of groups of guide rail carrying devices C on the lower-layer platform of the lifting box body B and corresponding guide rail carrying devices C on the upper-layer platform of the lifting box body B are positioned on the same plumb line; in addition, the upper layer platform and the lower layer platform of the lifting box body B are not specially made one layer, and when the platform of the lifting box body B is larger than two layers, the upper layer platform and the lower layer platform of the lifting box body B can be a plurality of layers.

In this embodiment, the lifting box B is taken as an example of a two-layer structure, and hereinafter, the upper platform is referred to as a first lifting platform, and the lower platform is referred to as a second lifting platform; wherein,

the automatic bottom code mounting devices A on the first lifting platform are four groups, the four groups of automatic bottom code mounting devices A are respectively used for mounting four bottom codes on the same operation height, the four bottom codes are respectively correspondingly provided with a left main guide rail, a right main guide rail and two auxiliary guide rails opposite to the hoistway door, and correspondingly, the guide rail carrying devices C on each layer of lifting box body B are four groups; in the process of lifting the lifting box body B, the lifting box body B can be used for driving the machine table 1 to do lifting motion so as to enable the punching module 2 to leave the working position, and when the bottom code installation module reaches the working position, the push rod 3-2 and the sleeve 3-1 are coaxially aligned with a bolt hole punched by the punching module 2; the second lifting platform can carry constructors, after the bottom codes are arranged at each position to be installed at the same operation position by the bottom code automatic installation device A on the first lifting platform, the lifting box body B moves upwards to enable the second lifting platform to reach the position of the first lifting platform, the constructors select guide rail brackets with proper sizes according to actual conditions and install the guide rail brackets on the bottom codes, and meanwhile, the corresponding guide rail carrying devices C in the lifting box body B carry the guide rails to the corresponding guide rail brackets to realize positioning; installing a guide rail on the guide rail bracket by a constructor;

in addition, the lifting box body B can adopt an elevator car, and the elevator car is driven to do lifting motion by a winch; or the lifting box body B is separately arranged, for example, the lifting box body B comprises a supporting platform and a lifting driving mechanism for driving the supporting platform to move along the height direction of the hoistway, wherein the supporting platform is a multi-layer supporting platform, the supporting platform for mounting the automatic bottom yard mounting device a is an upper layer platform (namely, a first lifting platform), and the supporting platform for carrying the guide rail bracket mounting device or a worker to mount the guide rail bracket and the guide rail is a lower layer platform (namely, a second lifting platform); the upper layer platform is positioned above the lower layer platform; the upper and lower layers of supporting platforms in the lifting box body B are fixedly connected through a supporting piece, and the machine table 1 of the automatic bottom code mounting device A is mounted on a first lifting platform; the lifting driving mechanism can be self-provided or a car lifting driving mechanism equipped in the elevator, and comprises: firstly, traction power is installed in a machine room, and the elevator can be used for traction power if the existing traction power is available on site. The self-contained traction power is described herein; secondly, connecting the steel wire rope with an upper winding drum and a lower winding drum, wherein the upper winding drum is connected with a power motor, and the lower winding drum is a steel wire rope directional roller and is connected with the box body through a connecting support by screws; the shape of the counterweight device is the same as that of the self-carrying counterweight of the elevator, and the counterweight device is also connected with the box body through the upper roller and the lower roller by using a steel wire rope to form gravity balance; and the automatic bottom code mounting device A, the guide rail carrying device C, the distance measuring device D and the guide rail bracket mounting device are all mounted on corresponding supporting platforms. In addition, the shape of the lifting box body B is similar to that of the lift car, and the lifting box body B is also used for lifting movement and can be accurately stopped to enable each construction module to complete each operation in the well.

In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of construction, can add the number of piles of end sign indicating number automatic installation device A according to actual conditions, assume to set up four layers of lift platform in the lift box B, can all be provided with end sign indicating number automatic installation device A with first layer lift platform and second floor lift platform, and third layer lift platform and fourth floor lift platform then carry on constructor, can promote the twice with efficiency of construction like this at least.

(2) Automatic bottom code installation device A

Referring to fig. 1-17, the automatic bottom code installation device a includes a machine table 1 disposed on a topmost lifting box B, a bottom code storage module 4 disposed on the machine table 1, a punching module 2 for punching a hole in a sidewall of a hoistway, and a bottom code installation module 3 for installing a bottom code in the bottom code storage module 4 in a bolt hole formed in the punching module 2.

The following describes in detail specific structures of the machine 1, the punching module 2, the bottom code installation module 3, and the bottom code storage module 4.

(2-1) machine 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the machine table 1 has an upper and lower structure, the punching module 2 is disposed at a lower layer of the machine table 1, and the bottom code installing module 3 and the bottom code storing module 4 are disposed at an upper layer of the machine table 1.

(2-2) punching Module 2

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the number of the punching modules 2 is two, two punching modules 2 are arranged below the bottom code installation module 3, and each punching module 2 includes a drilling mechanism arranged on the machine table 1 and a drilling feed driving mechanism for driving the drilling mechanism to perform feed motion; the drilling mechanism comprises an electric drill fixing seat 2-2 arranged on the machine table 1 and an electric drill 2-1 arranged on the electric drill fixing seat 2-2; the drilling feeding driving mechanism is used for driving the drilling mechanisms in the two groups of drilling modules 2 to synchronously move linearly and comprises drilling connecting seats 2-3 and a linear driving mechanism 7 used for driving the drilling connecting seats 2-3 to move linearly, wherein two ends of the drilling connecting seats 2-3 are respectively connected with electric drill fixing seats 2-2 in the two groups of drilling modules 2; the linear driving mechanism 7 comprises a linear cylinder 7-1, a linear sliding mechanism 7-2 and a stroke detection mechanism 5, wherein the linear sliding mechanism 7-2 is a single group or multiple groups, and each group of linear sliding mechanism 7-2 comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block matched with the sliding rail; the stroke detection mechanism 5 comprises detection sensors arranged on the machine table 1 and detection pieces arranged on the electric drill fixing seats 2-2 (or the drilling connecting seats 2-3), wherein the detection sensors on the machine table 1 are used for detecting linear strokes of the electric drill fixing seats 2-2 (or the drilling connecting seats 2-3), each group of detection sensors is three, and the three detection sensors are respectively arranged at the initial position, the middle position and the end position of the linear stroke to be limited.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 is slidably connected with an electric drill fixing seat 2-2, a guide hole matched with the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 is formed in the electric drill fixing seat 2-2, a limit block 7-4 is arranged above the guide hole at the upper end of the telescopic rod, and the diameter of the limit block 7-4 is larger than that of the guide hole; the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 is provided with a spring 7-3, one end of the spring 7-3 acts on the electric drill fixing seat 2-2, the other end of the spring acts on the cylinder body of the linear cylinder 7-1, and the spring 7-3 is arranged in the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 of the drilling feeding driving mechanism, abuts against the electric drill 2-1 through the spring 7-3 and pushes the electric drill 2-1 to move, so that proper compression can be performed to play a buffering role.

(2-3) bottom code installation module 3

Referring to fig. 1-17, two explosive bolts are mounted on the bottom yard 6, and each explosive bolt is provided with a nut matched with the explosive bolt; the base code installation modules 3 are arranged in two groups, the two groups of base code installation modules 3 are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two groups of base code installation modules 3 is the distance between two explosive bolts in the base code.

Referring to fig. 1-17, each group of bottom code installation modules 3 comprises a rack 3-9 arranged on a machine table 1, a bolt implanting mechanism arranged on the rack 3-9 and used for pushing one explosive bolt on a bottom code into a bolt hole, a nut tightening mechanism used for tightening a nut on the explosive bolt on the bottom code, and a bolt implanting driving mechanism used for driving the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to integrally reciprocate, wherein the bolt implanting mechanism comprises a push rod 3-2, and the nut tightening mechanism comprises a sleeve 3-1 matched with the nut and a nut tightening driving mechanism for driving the sleeve 3-1 to rotate; the push rod 3-2 is arranged in the sleeve 3-1 and the two are coaxially arranged, wherein,

the sleeve 3-1 is rotatably connected to the rack 3-9, the sleeve 3-1 is of a hollow structure, and a locking port matched with the nut is formed in the upper end of the sleeve 3-1;

the nut tightening driving mechanism comprises a rotating motor 3-4 and a gear transmission mechanism 3-3; the rotating motor 3-4 is arranged on the frame 3-9, and two gears which are meshed with each other in the gear transmission mechanism 3-3 are respectively arranged on a main shaft of the rotating motor 3-4 and the sleeve 3-1;

besides, the nut tightening driving mechanism can also adopt a mode of combining a rotating motor 3-4 and a belt transmission mechanism.

Referring to fig. 1-17, as a preferred embodiment:

the bolt implanting mechanism further comprises an impact mechanism 3-5 used for pushing a push rod 3-2 to move so as to drive an explosive bolt into a bolt hole, wherein the push rod 3-2 is arranged in the sleeve 3-1 and is coaxially arranged with the sleeve 3-1, an avoiding hole is formed in the sleeve 3-1 at a position corresponding to the push rod 3-2, and the avoiding hole extends along the axis of the sleeve 3-1 and is communicated with the locking port; the impact mechanism 3-5 is installed on the adjusting seat 3-6, and the driving end of the impact mechanism 3-5 is connected with the push rod 3-2. The impact mechanism 3-5 continuously pushes the push rod 3-2 to impact the explosive bolt, so that the explosive bolt is driven into the bolt hole formed in the punching module 2, the explosive bolt can be ensured to completely enter the bolt hole, the explosive bolt in the bottom code can be firmly installed in the bolt hole, and the bottom code is installed on the wall surface of the hoistway.

The impact mechanism 3-5 in this embodiment may adopt a pneumatic impact hammer or an electric hammer, or push the push rod 3-2 to move back and forth by high-pressure gas, so as to continuously impact the explosive bolt, and thus the explosive bolt is driven into the bolt hole, and the installation of the bottom code at the position to be installed is realized.

Referring to fig. 1-17, as a further preferred embodiment:

the bolt implanting mechanism further comprises a push rod position adjusting mechanism used for driving the impact mechanism 3-5 to do linear motion, the push rod position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the push rod 3-2 in the sleeve 3-1 so as to ensure that a nut in the explosive bolt is matched with the sleeve 3-1, and a screw rod of the explosive bolt is positioned in the operation stroke of the push rod 3-2, the push rod position adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting seat 3-6 connected to the rack 3-9 in a sliding manner and a push rod position adjusting driving mechanism used for driving the adjusting seat 3-6 to do linear motion, wherein the push rod position adjusting driving mechanism is installed on the rack 3-9 and consists of an air cylinder or a motor 3-7 and a screw rod driving mechanism 3-8, in the embodiment, the motor 3-7 and the screw rod transmission mechanism 3-8 are adopted.

According to the invention, by arranging the push rod position adjusting mechanism, when the size of an explosive bolt in the bottom code is changed, the push rod 3-2 is driven to do linear motion through the push rod position adjusting mechanism, so that the distance between the push rod 3-2 and the explosive bolt in the bolt implanting mechanism is adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, a locking port in the sleeve 3-1 is ensured to be matched with a nut at the lower end of the explosive bolt, and an impact mechanism 3-5 can drive the push rod 3-2 to completely embed the explosive bolt in the bottom code into a bolt hole; therefore, the application range of the automatic bottom code mounting device A can be expanded, and the automatic bottom code mounting device A is suitable for mounting bottom codes with different specifications (namely different lengths of explosive bolts in the bottom codes). In addition, in order to limit the movement stroke of the push rod 3-2, a distance sensor can be arranged to detect the position of the push rod 3-2 so as to control the movement stroke of the push rod 3-2; the specific number and mounting position of the distance sensors may be implemented with reference to the structure of the stroke detecting mechanism 5.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the bolt implanting driving mechanism is used for driving the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism in the two sets of bottom code installation modules 3 to integrally reciprocate, and includes bottom code installation connection seats 3-10 for connecting racks 3-9 in the two sets of bottom code installation modules 3 and a linear driving mechanism 7 for driving the bottom code installation connection seats 3-10 to linearly move, wherein the linear driving mechanism 7 includes a linear cylinder 7-1, a linear sliding mechanism 7-2 and a stroke detection mechanism 5, the linear sliding mechanism 7-2 is a single group or multiple groups, and each group of linear sliding mechanism 7-2 includes a sliding rail and a sliding block matched with the sliding rail; the stroke detection mechanism 5 comprises detection sensors arranged on the machine table 1 and detection sheets arranged on the racks 3-9 (or the bottom code installation connecting seats 3-10), wherein the other group of detection sensors on the machine table 1 are used for detecting the linear strokes of the racks 3-9; the number of the detection sensors is at least two, and the two detection sensors are respectively arranged at the initial position and the end position of the linear stroke to be limited. In the present embodiment, the number of the detection sensors is three; the three detection sensors are located at the start point, the middle point and the end point of the linear stroke.

The linear cylinder 7-1 is used as a power source for driving an object to do linear motion to drive the bottom code installing and connecting seat 3-10 to do linear motion, so that the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut screwing mechanism on the two groups of frames 3-9 and the two groups of frames 3-9 are driven to do linear motion, and the linear sliding mechanism 7-2 is combined to guide the linear motion of the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut screwing mechanism on the frames 3-9. In addition, the stroke detection mechanism 5 is combined to limit the linear motion of the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism on the machine frames 3-9, so as to prevent the overtravel of the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism.

In this embodiment, the detection sensor is a laser sensor, and the detection sheet may be provided separately or as part of the module or part to be detected.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 is slidably connected with the bottom code installation and connection seat 3-10, the driven piece is provided with a guide hole matched with the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1, the upper end of the telescopic rod is provided with a limit block 7-4 above the guide hole, and the diameter of the limit block 7-4 is larger than that of the guide hole; a spring 7-3 is arranged on a telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1, one end of the spring 7-3 acts on the bottom code mounting and connecting seat 3-10, and the other end acts on a cylinder body of the linear cylinder 7-1; by arranging the spring 7-3, the rigid collision between the bottom code installing and connecting seat 3-10 and other objects can be avoided, so that the bottom code installing and connecting seat 3-10 is protected from being damaged due to the rigid collision with other objects; therefore, the spring 7-3 in the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 in the bolt implantation driving mechanism also plays a role of flexible buffering.

(2-4) bottom code storage module 4

Referring to fig. 1-17, the bottom code storage module 4 includes a bottom code storage mechanism disposed on the machine table 1, a positioning seat 4-3 disposed at a lower end of the bottom code storage mechanism, and a bottom code conveying driving mechanism for driving the bottom code storage mechanism and the positioning seat 4-3 to synchronously perform linear motion.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the bottom code storage mechanism comprises a bottom code storage box 4-1 and a limiting mechanism 4-2 for urging the bottom codes in the bottom code storage box 4-1 to enter the positioning seats 4-3 one by one, wherein the bottom code storage box 4-1 is vertically arranged, and the outlet at the lower end of the bottom code storage box is opposite to the positioning seat 4-3; a plurality of bottom codes are vertically arranged in the bottom code storage box 4-1, and the bottom code at the bottommost part of the bottom code storage box 4-1 is promoted to be transferred into the positioning seat 4-3 through the gravity of the bottom code and the pressure of the upper bottom code on the bottom code; the two groups of limiting mechanisms 4-2 are arranged, the two groups of limiting mechanisms 4-2 are vertically arranged below the bottom code storage box 4-1 and are respectively positioned below the bottommost bottom code and the penultimate bottom code in the bottom code storage box 4-1, wherein the limiting mechanism 4-2 positioned below the bottommost bottom code is a first limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism 4-2 positioned below the penultimate bottom code is a second limiting mechanism; each group of limiting mechanisms 4-2 comprises sorting cylinders arranged on the left side and the right side of the bottom code storage box 4-1, the sorting cylinders are installed in the bottom code storage box 4-1, and a telescopic rod of each sorting cylinder extends into the bottom code storage box 4-1; when the bottommost bottom code in the bottom code storage box 4-1 needs to be transferred to the positioning seat 4-3, telescopic rods of two groups of sorting cylinders in the second limiting mechanism are input into the bottom code storage box 4-1 to support the penultimate bottom code and the bottom codes above the penultimate bottom code, then telescopic rods of two groups of sorting cylinders in the first limiting mechanism 4-2 retract to enable the bottommost bottom code to vertically enter the positioning seat 4-3, and a positioning groove matched with the bottom code is arranged on the positioning seat 4-3; then, the telescopic rods of the two groups of sorting cylinders in the first limiting mechanism are input into the bottom code storage box 4-1, and the telescopic rods of the two groups of sorting cylinders in the second limiting mechanism are retracted, so that all bottom codes in the bottom code storage box 4-1 move downwards, and the original penultimate bottom code moves to the position of the original bottommost bottom code; at the moment, the telescopic rods of the two groups of sorting cylinders in the first limiting mechanism are input into the bottom code storage box 4-1, so that the bottom codes in the bottom code storage box 4-1 can be supported, and the bottom codes at the bottommost part of the bottom codes are prevented from vertically falling into the positioning seat 4-3 to interfere with the bottom codes in the positioning seat 4-3.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the bottom code conveying driving mechanism includes a conveying base 4-4 and a linear driving mechanism 7 for driving the conveying base 4-4 to make linear motion, wherein the bottom code storage box 4-1 and the positioning base 4-3 are both mounted on the conveying base 4-4; the linear driving mechanism 7 comprises a linear cylinder 7-1, a linear sliding mechanism 7-2 and a stroke detection mechanism 5, wherein the linear sliding mechanism 7-2 is a single group or multiple groups, and each group of linear sliding mechanism 7-2 comprises a sliding rail and a sliding block matched with the sliding rail; the stroke detection mechanism 5 comprises a detection sensor arranged on the machine table 1 and a detection sheet arranged on the rack 3-9 (or the conveying seat 4-4), wherein a third group of detection sensors on the machine table 1 is used for detecting the linear stroke of the positioning seat 4-3 or the conveying seat 4-4; wherein, the number of the detection sensors is three; the three detection sensors are located at the start point, the middle point and the end point of the linear stroke.

The linear cylinder 7-1 is used as a power source for driving an object to do linear motion to drive the conveying seat 4-4 to do linear motion, so that the positioning seat 4-3 and the bottom code storage mechanism are driven to do linear motion, and the linear motion of the positioning seat 4-3 and the bottom code storage mechanism is guided by combining the linear sliding mechanism 7-2. In addition, the stroke detection mechanism 5 is combined to limit the linear motion of the positioning seat 4-3 and the bottom code storage mechanism, so that the overtravel of the positioning seat and the bottom code storage mechanism is prevented. In this embodiment, the detection sensor is a laser sensor, and the detection sheet may be provided separately or as part of the module or part to be detected.

Referring to fig. 1-17, the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 is slidably connected with the conveying seat 4-4, the conveying seat 4-4 is provided with a guide hole matched with the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1, the upper end of the telescopic rod is provided with a limit block 7-4 above the guide hole, and the diameter of the limit block 7-4 is greater than that of the guide hole; a spring 7-3 is arranged on a telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1, one end of the spring 7-3 acts on the conveying seat 4-4, and the other end acts on a cylinder body of the linear cylinder 7-1; the conveying seat 4-4 can be prevented from rigidly colliding with other objects by arranging the spring 7-3, so that the conveying seat 4-4 is protected from being damaged due to rigid collision with other objects; therefore, the spring 7-3 in the telescopic rod of the linear cylinder 7-1 plays a role of flexible buffer.

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, a clamping mechanism for clamping an explosive bolt in a bottom code on the positioning seat 4-3 is further disposed on the positioning seat 4-3, wherein the clamping mechanism is disposed in the positioning seat 4-3 and is close to a side wall of the bottom code installation module 3; when the bottom code in the bottom code storage mechanism is transferred to the positioning groove of the positioning seat 4-3, the clamping mechanism clamps the explosive bolt on the bottom code, the explosive bolt and the sleeve 3-1 are ensured to be coaxial, so that the sleeve 3-1 can be ensured to be matched with the nut on the explosive bolt in the bottom code under the driving of the screw rod implantation driving mechanism, when the sleeve 3-1 is matched with the nut on the explosive bolt on the bottom code, the clamping mechanism loosens the explosive bolt, and then the bottom code installation module 3 installs the bottom code in the bolt hole formed in the punching module 2. In this embodiment, explosion bolt on the base number is two, and is corresponding, fixture also is two sets of, and every group fixture includes two grip blocks and is used for driving two grip blocks and carries out the centre gripping cylinder (for example finger cylinder) that presss from both sides tightly to explosion bolt on the base number, wherein, all be provided with on two grip blocks with the screw rod complex clamping part or the centre gripping groove of explosion bolt.

(3) Guide rail carrying device C

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the guide rail carrying device C includes a guide rail material taking fixing module for taking materials and a guide rail aligning moving module for moving a guide rail to a position to be installed, wherein the guide rail material taking fixing module includes a guide rail grabbing mechanism arranged on the lifting box B, the guide rail grabbing mechanism may be a manipulator or an electromagnet, and the lifting box B drives the guide rail grabbing mechanism to perform lifting motion to carry out vertical carrying on the guide rail; and the guide rail alignment moving module is used for driving the guide rail grabbing mechanism to move horizontally, conveying the guide rail grabbed by the guide rail grabbing mechanism to the guide rail support, and positioning the guide rail so as to facilitate constructors to fix the guide rail on the guide rail support.

The guide rail grabbing mechanism can adopt an electromagnet or a guide rail carrying device or mechanism existing on the market.

(4) Distance measuring device D

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the distance measuring device D is used for measuring a vertical distance between a next working position and a previous working position and a horizontal distance between the automatic bottom code mounting device a and a bottom code mounting position, wherein the distance measuring device D includes a plurality of sets of distance measuring sensors, and the plurality of sets of distance measuring sensors are distributed on each layer of lifting box body B.

In this embodiment, the distance measuring sensor is mounted on a horizontally retractable bracket, is located on the side surface of the elevator car (or the elevator car body B) corresponding to the center line of the guide rail, and includes a set of vertical distance measuring sensors and four sets of horizontal distance measuring sensors, wherein the lens direction of the vertical distance measuring sensors is vertically downward and aligned with a vertical reference marking ruler, which will be described later, for measuring the distance between the bottom yard at the previous operation position and the bottom yard corresponding to the next operation position, so that the distance between the two bottom yards meets the construction requirement, for example, is not more than 2.5 m; the lens of the horizontal distance measuring sensor horizontally faces the corresponding well wall surface and is used for measuring the length of the guide rail bracket in advance, usually, the distance between a plumb line and the well wall surface is measured, and the length of the guide rail bracket at the current station is obtained by subtracting the height of the guide rail and the clearance distance (the value can be finely adjusted) between the guide rail bracket and the corresponding well wall surface.

(5) Guide rail bracket mounting device

Referring to fig. 1, the guide rail bracket mounting device includes a bracket loading module for automatic loading and a bracket positioning module for carrying the guide rail bracket in the bracket loading module to a corresponding bottom code and positioning; through above-mentioned guide rail bracket installation device, can cooperate some manual work to accomplish guide rail bracket installation and adjustment. Of course, the rail bracket mounting part can also be manually completed, namely, the rail bracket can be manually taken out and welded or/and bolted with the bottom code.

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the operation principle of the automatic installation apparatus for elevator guide rails of the present invention is:

during construction, a constructor is positioned on the second lifting platform, the lifting box body B synchronously moves upwards, and meanwhile, four groups of guide rail carrying devices C on the lifting box body B are coordinated and matched to respectively carry four guide rails to move upwards; when reaching each working height, four groups of automatic bottom codes mounting devices A on the first lifting platform respectively mount four bottom codes at four corresponding positions in the working height, wherein the mounting of the bottom codes comprises the following steps:

after the bottom code storage module 4 sends the bottom code to the positioning seat 4-3, the clamping mechanism clamps and positions the explosive bolt on the bottom code in the positioning seat 4-3; then, the drilling feed driving mechanism drives the drilling mechanism to move, so that bolt holes are formed in the wall surface of a well, then, the lifting box body B moves downwards, so that the machine table 1 and the bottom code installation module 3 and the punching module 2 which are arranged on the machine table 1 are driven to move downwards, the displacement of the lifting box body B can be determined according to actual conditions, and only the explosive bolts in the bottom codes on the positioning seats 4-3 need to be ensured to face the bolt holes formed in the punching module 2; then, the bottom code conveying driving mechanism drives the bottom code on the positioning seat 4-3 to move, in the process, because one end of an explosive bolt on the bottom code is clamped by the clamping mechanism, under the action of the driving force of the bottom code conveying driving mechanism, one end of the explosive bolt enters a bolt hole on the wall surface of a shaft, when the explosive bolt enters the bolt hole (the displacement of the explosive bolt entering the bolt hole is determined according to actual conditions), the bolt implanting driving mechanism drives the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to do linear motion, so that a locking port on the sleeve 3-1 is matched with a nut in the explosive bolt, and then the clamping mechanism loosens the explosive bolt; then, the impact mechanism 3-5 drives the push rod 3-2 to do reciprocating motion to continuously impact the explosive bolt, so that the explosive bolt is wholly pushed into the bolt hole; after the explosive bolt is embedded into the bolt hole, the rotating motor 3-4 drives the sleeve 3-1 to rotate, so that the nut is rotated to fix the bottom code on the wall surface of the well, the bolt implantation driving mechanism drives the bolt implantation mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to reset, and meanwhile, the impact mechanism 3-5 pushes the push rod 3-2 to reset; and then, the bottom code conveying driving mechanism drives the positioning seat 4-3 and the bottom code storage mechanism to reset.

After the bottom yard is installed at each installation position of the operation height by the bottom yard automatic installation device A in the first lifting platform, the lifting box body B moves upwards to enable the second lifting platform to reach the position of the first lifting platform, construction personnel select a proper guide rail bracket according to actual conditions and install the guide rail bracket on the bottom yard, and meanwhile, the corresponding guide rail carrying device C in the lifting box body B carries the guide rail to the corresponding guide rail bracket to realize positioning; a constructor installs a guide rail on the guide rail bracket; after all the guide rail supports at the operation height are installed on the corresponding bottom codes and the guide rails are installed on the corresponding guide rail supports, after the guide rails carried by the lifting box body B are installed on the wall surface of the hoistway, the lifting box body B can move downwards, the guide rail carrying device C on the lifting box body B carries the guide rails to the next operation position again, and the operation steps are repeated until the installation and splicing work of all the guide rails in the hoistway is completed.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 1 to 17, the present invention is a foundation fastener for installing a guide rail and a door pocket in an elevator shaft using an automated construction work, and the construction work method thereof is as follows: (Note: hereinafter, the construction equipment includes not only the automatic elevator installation system of the present invention but also auxiliary construction equipment required for construction worker installation)

(1) Plumb line for measuring well, installing guide rail and door pocket

And measuring the well, and determining whether the wall surface of the well has dimension out-of-tolerance or perpendicularity out-of-tolerance or not and whether the wall surface needs to be rectified to meet the requirements of construction standards or not.

The plumb lines are provided with guide rails and a door pocket, the plumb lines are usually straightened along the plumb direction by piano steel wires with the diameter of 0.5-1mm and fixed at the bottom and the top of a well, and the plumb lines comprise two plumb lines on the left and the right of the door pocket along the inner side of a door frame and four plumb lines respectively coincident with the central lines of the top surfaces of the four guide rails; the arrangement in the horizontal direction is set according to the technical requirements (specifications) of the elevator.

(2) Lifting traction device installation of construction device

Firstly, a traction power device for lifting of the elevator is installed in a machine room, then a box body and a counterweight (or a car and the counterweight of the elevator) are installed, a steel wire rope is hung on the top of the box body, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the counterweight through a traction wheel. The automatic elevator installation equipment is fixed on the platform surface of the carriage body, and the carriage body and the automatic elevator installation system are lifted by utilizing the lifting power of the elevator.

(3) Mounting of distance measuring sensor

The distance measuring sensor is arranged on a support which can be horizontally stretched and retracted, is positioned on the side surface of an elevator car (or a lifting box body B) and corresponds to the center line of a guide rail, comprises a group of vertical distance measuring sensors and four groups of horizontal distance measuring sensors, wherein the lens direction of each vertical distance measuring sensor is vertically downward and is aligned with a vertical reference marking ruler which is described later, and the vertical distance measuring sensors are used for measuring the distance between a bottom code at the previous operation position and a bottom code corresponding to the next operation position, so that the distance between the two bottom codes meets the construction requirement, and is not more than 2.5m for example; the lens of the horizontal distance measuring sensor horizontally faces the corresponding well wall surface and is used for measuring the length of the guide rail bracket in advance, usually, the distance between a plumb line and the well wall surface is measured, and the length of the guide rail bracket at the current station is obtained by subtracting the height of the guide rail and the clearance distance (the value can be finely adjusted) between the guide rail bracket and the corresponding well wall surface.

(4) Setting of bottom yard position and control of stop of construction equipment in installation process

The positions of all reinforcing steel bars on a wall surface (or a wall surface) of a well are predicted according to a building construction drawing to avoid the reinforcing steel bars, the distance between all adjacent bottom codes is required to be less than 2.5 meters, and the bottom code positions of the bottom, the middle and the top of the well are set according to the two principles, wherein guide rails at the bottom and the top of the well can be nonstandard sizes less than 5 meters, the guide rails at the middle part are generally 5 meters in standard sizes, so that the installation distance between the bottom codes at the bottom and the top of the well and the distance between the middle bottom codes can be different. The bottom code arrangement steps are as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly presetting and fixedly mounting a first bottom code and a second bottom code (angle iron) at the bottom of a well on a wall for mounting a guide rail with a first non-standard length (generally less than 5 meters) at the bottom of the well, then presetting and fixedly mounting a third bottom code (angle iron) on the wall of the well as serving as a starting point of the bottom codes which are uniformly and upwardly arranged at the back, wherein the bottom codes which are uniformly and upwardly arranged need to avoid reinforcing steel bars, and if the reinforcing steel bars cannot be completely avoided, the distance (which must be less than 2.5 meters) can be properly adjusted to avoid the reinforcing steel bars.

The invention discloses a method for controlling the stop position of a construction device, which comprises the following steps: after the third base weight is fixedly installed according to the preset position, a position identification ruler is installed beside the third base weight, the top surface of the position identification ruler is aligned with the top surface of the third base weight angle iron, the elevator car moves up and down, and when the distance measuring sensor is positioned right above the position identification ruler and the end surface of the lens is overlapped with the position identification ruler, the distance measuring data is set to be zero and is used as a vertical reference zero position of firmware installation construction. Presetting a bottom code space value of a track, inputting the bottom code space value into a control system from bottom to top from a vertical reference zero position, moving an elevator car to read data of the relative distance between a distance measuring sensor and the identifier, and when the data reaches a preset value, automatically stopping the elevator to carry out measurement and installation construction, thereby ensuring that the elevator stops to carry out design construction. And finally, a last nonstandard guide rail with the length less than 5 meters at the top of the hoistway is left, and the elevator car is moved to the bottom codes and the guide rail bracket of the top limit installation guide rail step by manual inching control.

(6) And the stop position locking of the construction device lifting

The construction device is fixed on a bedplate in an elevator car, and the construction device needs to be fixed relative to the position of a hoistway during off-site construction operation; the elevator car is provided with a plurality of sets of paired horizontally telescopic supporting devices, which can be screw rods, oil cylinders or air cylinders, symmetrically extend out from the side surface of the elevator car to support the wall surface of a well in a balanced manner, apply certain pre-pressure for locking, and fix the positions of the elevator car and the construction device relative to the well.

(7) Automatic installation of bottom codes

The elevator car stops and is locked according to the set position, the punching module 2 is provided with a bolt hole on the wall surface of the well, and the bottom code installation module 3 fixes the bottom code on the wall surface of the well. The method comprises the following specific steps of; after the bottom code storage module 4 sends the bottom code to the positioning seat 4-3, the clamping mechanism clamps and positions the explosive bolt on the bottom code in the positioning seat 4-3; then, the drilling feed driving mechanism drives the drilling mechanism to move, so that bolt holes are formed in the wall surface of a well, then, the lifting box body B moves downwards, so that the machine table 1 and the bottom code installation module 3 and the punching module 2 which are arranged on the machine table 1 are driven to move downwards, the displacement of the lifting box body B can be determined according to actual conditions, and only the explosive bolts in the bottom codes on the positioning seats 4-3 need to be ensured to face the bolt holes formed in the punching module 2; then, the bottom code conveying driving mechanism drives the bottom code on the positioning seat 4-3 to move, in the process, because one end of an explosive bolt on the bottom code is clamped by the clamping mechanism, under the action of the driving force of the bottom code conveying driving mechanism, one end of the explosive bolt enters a bolt hole on the wall surface of a shaft, when the explosive bolt enters the bolt hole (the displacement of the explosive bolt entering the bolt hole is determined according to actual conditions), the bolt implanting driving mechanism drives the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to do linear motion, so that a locking port on the sleeve 3-1 is matched with a nut in the explosive bolt, and then the clamping mechanism loosens the explosive bolt; then, the impact mechanism 3-5 drives the push rod 3-2 to do reciprocating motion to continuously impact the explosive bolt, so that the explosive bolt is wholly pushed into the bolt hole; after the explosive bolt is embedded into the bolt hole, the rotating motor 3-4 drives the sleeve 3-1 to rotate, so that the nut is rotated to fix the bottom code on the wall surface of the well, the bolt implantation driving mechanism drives the bolt implantation mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to reset, and meanwhile, the impact mechanism 3-5 pushes the push rod 3-2 to reset; and then, the bottom code conveying driving mechanism drives the positioning seat 4-3 and the bottom code storage mechanism to reset.

(8) Automatic welding support

Confirming that the size of the guide rail bracket is in the setting range: measuring the distance between the plumb line and the wall surface of the well, and subtracting the height of the guide rail and the space between the guide rail bracket and the wall surface of the well (the value can be finely adjusted) to obtain the length size of the guide rail bracket of the current operation station; the support feeding module sends the guide rail support to the installation position, the guide rail support is positioned through the support positioning module, the guide rail support is placed on the position specified by the bottom codes and is subjected to spot welding, the bottom codes and the guide rail support are welded and fixed through an automatic welding machine (welding robot), and automatic welding can be carried out on all the guide rail supports in a unified mode at last. If the shaft wall has dimension out-of-tolerance or perpendicularity out-of-tolerance, the dimension of the guide rail bracket of the current operation station is not in a set range, and the length of the guide rail bracket is required to be changed to ensure that the end face of the guide rail bracket connected with the guide rail is still kept on the set plumb bob face after the guide rail bracket is fixed well. Usually, length compensation is set according to the deviation of the wall surface of the hoistway, at this time, guide rail supports with different sizes are arranged corresponding to a certain bottom code, therefore, length measurement needs to be carried out on each guide rail support before installation, corresponding guide rail supports are prepared according to measurement data, and the guide rail supports are sent to corresponding installation positions by the support feeding module in sequence.

(9) Automatic installation door pocket fixing part

The positions of all the reinforcing steel bars on the wall surface of the shaft are predicted according to the building construction drawing so as to avoid the reinforcing steel bars. The door pocket fixing part generally comprises a landing door sill bracket, a small door pocket supporting bracket and the like, and explosion screws are required to be installed in advance. According to the horizontal elevation of each layer of the landing door sill provided by a builder, the positions of the explosion screws are arranged according to the design specification. During construction operation, the elevator car is stopped and locked according to a set position, bolt holes are formed in corresponding positions by opening the modules 2, explosion bolts are implanted and screwed, and installation is completed by manual operation subsequently.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 18 to 22, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the guide rail carrying device C comprises a guide rail contraposition moving mechanism 8 which is arranged on the lifting box body B and used for carrying the guide rail to the corresponding guide rail bracket, wherein the guide rail contraposition moving mechanism 8 comprises a guide rail clamping piece which is arranged on a platform of the lifting box body B and used for clamping the guide rail and a guide rail carrying driving mechanism which is used for driving the guide rail clamping piece to move to the guide rail bracket; wherein,

the guide rail clamping piece comprises a first clamping piece 8-6 and a second clamping piece 8-1 which are arranged on a lifting platform of a lifting box body B, wherein the second clamping piece 8-1 is arranged on the lifting platform, which is positioned below the first clamping piece 8-6, in the lifting box body B, the first clamping piece 8-6 is an electromagnetic gripper, a clamping groove matched with the outer contour of the guide rail is arranged in the electromagnetic gripper, and the guide rail is gripped in a power-on or power-off mode; the second clamping piece 8-1 is an air claw and is driven by an air cylinder to grab or release the guide rail;

wherein the first clamping member 8-6 is driven by the following rail transport drive mechanism:

the guide rail carrying driving mechanism comprises an auxiliary carrying driving mechanism 8-7 for driving the electromagnetic gripper to move along the X-axis direction; the auxiliary conveying driving mechanism 8-7 is used for driving the electromagnetic gripper to move synchronously with the air gripper on the X axis, and the specific structure of the auxiliary conveying driving mechanism 8-7 can be implemented by referring to the structure of the X axis driving mechanism 8-2.

The second clamping piece 8-1 is driven by the lower guide rail conveying driving mechanism;

the guide rail carrying and driving mechanism comprises an X-axis driving mechanism 8-2, a Y-axis driving mechanism 8-3 and a Z-axis driving mechanism 8-4 which are used for driving the air claws to move along an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis respectively; the specific structures of the X-axis driving mechanism 8-2, the Y-axis driving mechanism 8-3 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 8-4 can be implemented by referring to the existing mechanisms, such as a mode of combining a motor and a screw rod transmission mechanism or a mode of driving by using an air cylinder; when the guide rail reaches the operation position, the X-axis driving mechanism 8-2, the Y-axis driving mechanism 8-3 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 8-4 drive the air claw to work, so that the guide rail is driven to reach a specific installation position (namely, a guide rail bracket), and the guide rail is installed by matching with constructors, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved. In addition, the X-axis driving mechanism 8-2, the Y-axis driving mechanism 8-3 and the Z-axis driving mechanism 8-4 are coordinated and matched, so that the position of the guide rail can be finely adjusted, and the installation precision of the guide rail is ensured.

Referring to fig. 18-22, a lifting platform of the lifting box body B is provided with a guide member 9, and the guide member 9 is matched with a guide rail on a guide rail bracket installed on a hoistway wall surface; after the lifting box body B reaches the installation position, the guide rail is installed on the corresponding guide rail bracket by the guide rail aligning and moving mechanism 8, so that the guide rail is butted with the front section guide rail; the guide part 9 comprises two groups of guide wheel sets arranged on the left and right, wherein the guide wheels in each group of guide wheel sets are multiple, and the guide wheels are vertically arranged on the lifting platform.

Referring to fig. 18-22, the guide rail aligning and moving mechanism 8 further includes a supporting plate 8-5 disposed on the lifting platform, the supporting plate 8-5 extends horizontally outward along the width direction of the supporting plate and out of the lifting platform, and extends horizontally to the guide 9 along the length direction of the supporting plate; the supporting plate 8-5 is arranged, so that the guide rail can be supported, and the first clamping piece 8-6 and the second clamping piece 8-1 are prevented from slipping off due to insufficient gripping force; meanwhile, the support plate 8-5 can support the lower end of the guide rail, so that the guide rail is convenient to move and mount.

Referring to fig. 18 to 22, a lifting guide frame 10 is arranged at the lower end of the lifting box body B, and the lifting guide frame 10 extends downwards for 2.5m from the lower end of the lifting box body B; this lift leading truck 10 is installed through vertical slide mechanism on the lift box B for lift leading truck 10 can play fine guide effect at the in-process that lift box B rose, when lift box B descends to the position of well bottom and gets the guide rail, lift leading truck 10 is pushed up by ground, and lift box B descends to the lowest position this moment, makes things convenient for the workman to get the guide rail, and the purpose of this setting can guarantee the fine direction of lift box B, alleviates the work load that the workman carried hoist and mount guide rail again.

Referring to fig. 18 to 22, in the present embodiment, there are multiple sets of the guide members 9, each set of the guide members 9 is multiple, and the multiple guide members 9 are disposed on the lifting platforms, i.e., the lifting guide frames 10, of the lifting box B and located on the same vertical line; correspondingly, the guide rail aligning and moving mechanisms 8 are also provided with a plurality of groups and are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of groups of guide pieces 9.

Referring to fig. 18-22, the working principle of the rail handling device C is:

before work, a constructor firstly installs four guide rails at the bottom of a well in advance, then installs the lifting box body B in the well, ensures that a lifting platform of the lifting box body B and a guide piece 9 on a lifting guide frame 10 are matched with the corresponding guide rails, simultaneously manually places the guide rails to be installed on the lifting platform of the lifting box body B, and clamps the guide rails by the first clamping piece 8-6 and the second clamping piece 8-1.

When the lifting box body B works, the lifting box body B moves upwards, so that the lifting guide frame 10 at the lower end of the lifting box body B is gradually separated from the bottom of the lifting box body B under the action of the self gravity of the lifting guide frame, and the lifting guide frame 10 moves upwards along with the lifting box body B after the distance between the lifting guide frame 10 and the lifting box body B reaches the maximum; after the lifting box body B reaches a position to be installed (generally, when a lifting platform carrying constructors in the lifting box body B reaches the upper end of the front-section guide rail), the guide rail carrying driving mechanism drives the first clamping piece 8-6 and the second clamping piece 8-1 to move, so that the guide rails are carried to the opposite guide rail brackets; in the process, the X-axis driving mechanism, the Y-axis driving mechanism and the Z-axis driving mechanism work in a coordinated mode to adjust the positions of the guide rails, and after the installation positions of the guide rails are adjusted, constructors install the guide rails on corresponding guide rail supports to enable the newly installed guide rails to be in butt joint with the front section guide rails; and then, the lifting box body B moves downwards to the bottom of the well, the constructor installs the guide rail to the guide rail contraposition moving mechanism 8, and the lifting box body B takes the newly installed guide rail as the guide and moves upwards to the next operation position to complete the installation and butt joint of the guide rail.

The rest of the structure was carried out with reference to example 1.

Example 4

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the drilling module 2 is arranged below the bottom code installation module 3. An operation position switching mechanism for independently driving the machine table is arranged on a first lifting platform for mounting a plurality of groups of bottom automatic mounting devices A in the lifting box body B, wherein the operation position switching mechanism comprises a lifting cylinder and a vertical guide mechanism; after the lifting cylinder drives the machine table 1 to do lifting motion to enable the punching module 2 to leave the operation position, when the bottom code installation module 3 reaches the operation position, the push rod 3-2 and the sleeve 3-1 are coaxially aligned with a bolt hole punched by the punching module 2, so that the bottom code automatic installation device A can smoothly complete the installation of the bottom code.

The rest of the structure was carried out with reference to example 1.

Example 5

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the drilling module 2 and the bottom code installation module 3 are arranged on the machine table 1 in parallel, and the operation position switching mechanism is used for driving the machine table 1 to move horizontally so as to drive the drilling module 2 to leave the operation position and drive the bottom code installation module 3 to reach the operation position, wherein the operation position switching mechanism can be a linear driving mechanism, such as a combination mechanism of a motor and a screw rod transmission mechanism, or an air cylinder drive.

Example 6

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the drilling module 2 and the bottom code installation module 3 are arranged on the machine table 1 at an angle, and the operation position switching mechanism is used for driving the machine table 1 to rotate so as to drive the drilling module 2 to leave the operation position and drive the bottom code installation module 3 to reach the operation position, wherein the operation position switching mechanism can be a rotation driving mechanism, such as a rotating motor or a rotating cylinder.

Example 7

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the automatic bottom code mounting devices A are in a group, and the position and the posture of the automatic bottom code mounting devices A are adjusted through corresponding linear driving devices and rotary driving devices, so that a plurality of elevator guide rails are mounted.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above description, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, blocks and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rail is characterized by comprising a lifting box body, automatic bottom code installation devices, guide rail carrying devices and distance measuring devices, wherein the automatic bottom code installation devices are arranged on a platform of the lifting box body; the guide rail carrying devices are arranged on the upper layer platform or/and the lower layer platform of the lifting box body; each group of guide rail carrying devices comprises a guide rail material taking fixing module for taking materials and a guide rail aligning moving module for moving the guide rail to the guide rail bracket and realizing positioning; the distance measuring device is used for measuring the vertical distance between the next operation position and the previous operation position and measuring the distance between the bottom codes and the guide rail so as to determine the horizontal length of the guide rail bracket;

each group of bottom code automatic installation devices comprises a machine table arranged on an upper platform of the lifting box body, bottom code storage modules arranged on the machine table, a punching module used for punching on the side wall of the shaft and a bottom code installation module used for installing bottom codes in the bottom code storage modules in bolt holes formed in the punching module, wherein each punching module comprises a drilling mechanism and a drilling feeding driving mechanism used for driving the drilling mechanism to perform feeding motion; the bottom code is provided with an explosive bolt, and the explosive bolt is provided with a nut matched with the explosive bolt; the bottom code installation module comprises a bolt implanting mechanism for pushing an explosive bolt on the bottom code into a bolt hole, a nut screwing mechanism for screwing a nut on the explosive bolt so as to install the bottom code on the wall surface of the hoistway, and a bolt implanting driving mechanism for driving the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut screwing mechanism to integrally reciprocate; wherein the bolt implanting mechanism comprises a push rod; the nut screwing mechanism comprises a sleeve matched with the nut and a nut screwing driving mechanism for driving the sleeve to rotate; the push rod is arranged in the sleeve and is coaxially arranged with the sleeve; the automatic bottom code installation device also comprises an operation position switching mechanism for driving the punching module to leave the operation position and driving the bottom code installation module to reach the operation position; when the bottom code installation module reaches the operation position, the push rod and the sleeve are coaxially aligned with the bolt hole punched by the punching module.

2. The automatic elevator guide rail installation equipment of claim 1, further comprising a guide rail bracket installation device, wherein the guide rail bracket installation device comprises a bracket loading module for automatic loading and a bracket positioning module for carrying the guide rail brackets in the bracket loading module to corresponding bottom yards and realizing positioning.

3. The automatic elevator guide rail installation equipment according to claim 2, wherein the lifting box body comprises a support platform and a lifting driving mechanism for driving the support platform to move along the height direction of the hoistway, wherein the support platform is a multi-layer structure, the support platform for installing the automatic bottom yard installation device is an upper-layer platform, and the support platform for carrying the guide rail bracket installation device or a worker to install the guide rail bracket and the guide rail is a lower-layer platform; the upper layer platform is positioned above the lower layer platform; the supporting platform is further provided with a plurality of groups of locking supporting mechanisms, and after the supporting platform reaches the operation position, the supporting rods in the groups of locking supporting mechanisms extend out and are respectively abutted against each wall surface of the well.

4. The automatic elevator guide rail installation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bolt implanting mechanism further comprises an impact mechanism and a push rod position adjusting mechanism for driving the impact mechanism to make a linear motion, wherein the impact mechanism is connected with the push rod and drives the push rod to make a reciprocating motion and to impact the explosive bolt back and forth; the push rod position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative position of the push rod in the sleeve, and under the state of the relative position, a nut in the explosive bolt is matched with the sleeve, and the end part of a screw rod of the explosive bolt is positioned in the operation stroke of the push rod.

5. The automatic installation equipment for the elevator guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the bottom code storage module comprises a bottom code storage mechanism arranged on a machine table, a positioning seat arranged at the lower end of the bottom code storage mechanism, and a bottom code conveying and driving mechanism for driving the bottom code storage mechanism and the positioning seat to synchronously make linear motion, wherein the bottom code storage mechanism comprises a bottom code storage box and a limiting mechanism for promoting the bottom codes in the bottom code storage box to enter the positioning seat one by one, a plurality of bottom codes are vertically arranged in the bottom code storage box, the outlet at the lower end of the bottom code storage box is opposite to the positioning seat, and the positioning seat is provided with a positioning groove matched with the outer contour of the bottom codes.

6. The automatic installation equipment of elevator guide rails according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance measuring device comprises a horizontal telescopic bracket and a distance measuring sensor arranged on the horizontal telescopic bracket, wherein the distance measuring sensor comprises a vertical distance measuring sensor and a horizontal distance measuring sensor, and the lens direction of the vertical distance measuring sensor is vertically downward and is used for measuring the vertical distance between the bottom yard at the previous working position and the corresponding bottom yard at the next working position; the horizontal distance measuring sensors are multiple groups, and the lens of each group of horizontal distance measuring sensors horizontally faces the wall surface of the well to which the lens is opposite and is used for measuring the length of the guide rail bracket in advance.

7. An automatic installation method of an elevator guide rail to which the automatic installation apparatus of an elevator guide rail according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(5) after the angle codes required by the whole guide rail to be installed and the guide rail bracket installed on the bottom code are installed, the guide rail conveying device conveys the guide rail to the guide rail bracket and realizes positioning, and constructors install all parts of the guide rail on the corresponding guide rail bracket;

8. The automatic installation method of the elevator guide rails according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), after the elevator car reaches the working height, the support rods of the multiple sets of locking support mechanisms arranged on the elevator car extend out and respectively abut against each wall surface of the hoistway, so that the elevator car is positioned.

9. The automatic installation method of elevator guide rails according to claim 7, characterized in that in step (2), the installation of the bottom code comprises the steps of:

(2-1) aligning the punching module to a position to be punched on the wall surface of the well, driving a drilling feed driving mechanism in the punching module to drive a drilling mechanism to perform feed motion during drilling, and punching bolt holes on the wall surface of the well;

(2-2) the lifting box body moves downwards or an upper layer platform of the lifting box body independently drives the machine table to move downwards, so that the punching module is driven to leave the operation position, the bottom code installation module is driven to reach the operation position, and the push rod and the sleeve are coaxially aligned to a bolt hole punched by the punching module;

(2-3) conveying the bottom codes to be installed to the bolt holes, so that the explosive bolts in the bottom codes are aligned to the bolt holes; a bolt implanting driving mechanism in the bottom code mounting module drives the bolt implanting mechanism and the nut tightening mechanism to integrally move towards the bolt hole, wherein a push rod in the bolt implanting mechanism firstly pushes a bolt to enter the bolt hole and reach a set position, at the moment, a sleeve is sleeved on the nut, and a nut tightening driving mechanism in the nut tightening mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate so as to fix the bottom code on the wall surface of a hoistway;

and (2-4) after the operation is finished, the bottom code installation module exits from the operation position.