CN1131729C - Centrifugal basket with filter element - Google Patents

Centrifugal basket with filter element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1131729C
CN1131729C CN00117979A CN00117979A CN1131729C CN 1131729 C CN1131729 C CN 1131729C CN 00117979 A CN00117979 A CN 00117979A CN 00117979 A CN00117979 A CN 00117979A CN 1131729 C CN1131729 C CN 1131729C
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China
Prior art keywords
blood
rotating cylinder
filter core
disengagement chamber
filter
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN00117979A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1276268A (en
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E·帕热斯
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Haemonetics Corp
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Haemonetics Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0464—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with hollow or massive core in centrifuge bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
    • B04B2005/0478—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with filters in the separation chamber

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  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

A centrifugation bowl for separating blood products, includes a cylindrical filter core disposed within the bowl preferably coaxial with the bowl and preferably rotating with the bowl. The centrifugation bowl includes a rotating bowl body with a closed bottom and defining an enclosed separation chamber. The filter core includes a filter membrane that is sized to block at least white blood cells, but to allow plasma to pass through. The filter core is generally arranged within the separation chamber such that plasma is forced to pass through the filter core radially inwards before being removed from the centrifugation bowl. The addition of the filter core provides an efficient, low-cost method for recovering a 'purer' plasma fraction from a donor, to the exclusion of white blood cells.

Description

The centrifugal basket that has filter core
The present invention relates to be used for the centrifugal basket of separating blood composition and other class quasi-fluid.More particularly, the present invention relates to have the centrifugal basket that is used for extracting the filter core of the blood plasma part of filtering from whole blood.
Human blood mainly comprises three kinds of special cells (that is, red blood cell, white blood cell and blood platelet), and they are suspended in the compound aqueous solution of the protein that is called blood plasma and other chemical substance.Although transfusing blood in the past and being to use whole blood, present trend is only to collect and inculcate needed those blood components of given patient or part.This method has been protected available blood source and better to patient under many circumstances, and this is because patient can not be exposed to unnecessary blood component, the white blood cell of the substance that particularly may spread disease.Two kinds of more common blood partly are red blood cell and blood plasma in blood transfusion.Plasma transfusion is usually used in replenishing the clotting factor that is consumed especially.In fact, only in the U.S., to fail about 200 ten thousand blood plasma units every year.The blood plasma of collecting is also put together to be fractionated into its composition, comprises protein, as Factor VIII (Factor VIII), albumin immune serum globulin (ISG), or the like.
Independent blood component comprises blood plasma, can by " bag " centrifugal process from before obtain the U/WB of collection.By this method, the anticoagulated whole blood that is contained in the unit in the polybag is placed in the laboratory centrifuge and, makes blood be subjected to the effect of manyfold gravity with very high speed rotation.This makes various blood components be divided into many layers according to its density.Particularly, less composition such as the white blood cell of composition that density is bigger such as red blood cell and density separates with blood platelet.Every kind of blood component can be extruded from bag then and be collected separately.
U.S. Patent No. 4,871,462 disclose another is used for the method for separating blood composition.Particularly, a filter comprises a fixing hydrostatic column, and this container holds rotatable cylindrical filter membrane.Container and filter membrane are configured to only limit very narrow slit between the sidewall of container and filter membrane.Then blood is imported in this narrow slit.Inner filter membrane is rotated in the usually said Taylor vortex of generation in the fluid with sufficiently high speed.The existence of Taylor vortex mainly produces shearing force, and this shearing force forces blood plasma to pass filter membrane and red blood cell is swept.
Also can obtain special blood component by the method that is called single blood sampling composition art, in this method, whole blood is delivered directly to blood processing machine from the blood donor, and blood processing machine comprises the sealing rotating centrifugal rotating cylinder that is used for separating blood.By this method, only collect the blood component of wishing.Remaining blood component directly returns the blood donor, usually allows to collect the hope composition of more volumes.For example, by the blood plasma extraction method, be transported to rotating cylinder from blood donor's whole blood, here whole blood is separated into its various compositions.Then blood plasma is taken out from rotating cylinder and be transported to independent collecting bag, and other composition (for example, red blood cell and white blood cell) then directly turns back to the blood donor.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that has the blood plasma extraction method system 100 of additional filtering step.System 100 comprises disposable harness (harness) 102, and this harness is connected on the blood processing machine 104.Harness 102 comprises the venesection pin 106 that is used for from blood donor's arm 108 blood drawings, anticoagulant solution container 110, interim red blood cell (RBC) reservoir bag 112, centrifugal basket 114, elementary plasma collection bag 116 and final stage plasma collection bag 118.Intake line 120 is connected in venesection pin 106 on the input port 122 of rotating cylinder 114, and output pipe 124 is connected in the delivery outlet 126 of rotating cylinder 114 on the elementary plasma collection bag 116.Blood processing machine 104 comprises controller 130, motor 132,134, two peristaltic pumps 136 of centrifugal chuck and 138.Controller 130 operationally is connected on two peristaltic pumps 136 and 138, and is connected on the motor 132, motor 132 drive chucks 134.
In operation, intake line 120 is supplied with by first peristaltic pump 136, is connected in supplying with by second peristaltic pump 138 from 140 of anti-coagulants container 110 on the intake line 120.Centrifugal basket 114 also is inserted in the chuck 134.Venesection pin 106 is inserted in blood donor's the arm 108, and controller 130 starts two peristaltic pumps 136 and 138, thereby anti-coagulants is mixed with whole blood from the blood donor, and the whole blood of anti-freezing is transported in the centrifugal basket 114 by intake line 120.Controller 130 is gone back actuating motor 132 to rotate rotating cylinder 114 at a high speed by chuck 134.The rotation of rotating cylinder 114 makes whole blood become discrete layer by density separation.Particularly, the higher red blood cell of density accumulates in the periphery of rotating cylinder 114, and the lower blood plasma of density forms the annular layer that is positioned at red blood cell inside.Force blood plasma to pass the flow export (not shown) of rotating cylinder 114 then and discharge from the delivery outlet 126 of rotating cylinder.Blood plasma is transported to elementary plasma collection bag 116 by output pipe 124 thus.
When described blood plasma all is removed and rotating cylinder 114 when being full of RBC, centrifugal basket stops the rotation, and 136 counter-rotatings of first pump are to be transported to RBC the interim RBC collecting bag 112 from rotating cylinder 114.After rotating cylinder 114 emptyings, restart to collect and separating whole blood from the blood donor.When this process finished, the RBC in rotating cylinder 114 and the interim RBC collecting bag 112 turned back to the blood donor by venesection pin 106.Can take off the elementary plasma collection bag 116 that is full of blood plasma and be transported to blood bank or hospital uses for subsequently blood transfusion from harness 102.
Although system has high separating efficiency usually, the blood plasma of collecting but comprises some residual haemocyte.For example, be used in the disposable attachment device of the centrifugal basket that the blowing of the Haemonetics of masschusetts, u.s.a Braintree company is made, the every microlitre of the blood plasma of collection contains 0.1 to 30 white blood cell and 5,000 to 50,000 blood platelets usually.This at least in part because the filling speed that 8000 rpms of rotating cylinder 114 rotating speed restriction and needing keeps rotating cylinder greater than 60 milliliters of per minutes (ml/min.) so that acquisition time is the shortest, thereby in rotating cylinder, cause the slight mixing again of blood component.And, should also be noted that a lot of countries are being reduced in the permission level of the white blood cell that may exist in their the blood component supply and other residual cells always.
One or more filters had been advised installing already, as filter 142, to press and to filter the similar method of blood platelet of collecting is removed remnants from the blood plasma of collecting cell.Filter 142 can be arranged in the secondary output pipe 144, and secondary pipeline 144 is linked together elementary and final stage plasma collection bag 116,118.After blood plasma is collected in the elementary plasma bags 116, can opens the check valve (not shown) and pass secondary output pipe 144, filter 142 and enter into final stage plasma collection bag 118 to allow blood plasma.
Even now may be produced the blood plasma product of " purer ", but comprises that the disposable blood plasma extraction method harness of independent filter cell is disadvantageous, and this has several reasons.Particularly, increasing filter and other plasma collection bag has improved the cost of harness and its complexity is increased.Thereby, wish to have a kind of alternative system that can effectively produce the blood plasma part of " purer " at lower cost.
In brief, the present invention relates to centrifugal basket, this centrifugal basket has the rotation filter core that is arranged in rotating cylinder inside.
Generalized form of the present invention is to be used for separation of whole blood is become the blood processing centrifugal basket of blood part, and this rotating cylinder comprises the rotating cylinder main body, and the rotating cylinder main body rotates and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of overall package around central axis; Be used for extracting from rotating cylinder the passage (324) of one or more blood parts, this passage has the outlet (224) that is arranged in the disengagement chamber; Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has filter membrane (330), filter membrane is configured to stop one or more residual cells that are included in first blood part, filter core cooperates with outlet, makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane from rotating cylinder before extracting out.
The present invention also is to collect the method for blood plasma part from whole blood, this method comprises such step, promptly to the rotating centrifugal rotating cylinder supplying whole blood with disengagement chamber; In disengagement chamber, utilize centrifugal force that separation of whole blood is become multiple part, comprise the blood plasma part; Force the blood plasma part radially inwardly to be passed and be arranged in the interior filter core of disengagement chamber, comprise any irrelevant white blood cell, red blood cell and blood platelet to stop non-blood plasma material; To filter good blood plasma from the centrifugal basket the inside extracts from the filter core interior zone.
Particularly, centrifugal basket comprises the rotating cylinder main body of the rotation that limits the sealing disengagement chamber.Fixing cap assembly is installed in the top of rotating cylinder main body by rotatory sealing, and this cap assembly comprises the delivery outlet that is used to receive the input port of whole blood and can therefrom extracts blood component.The input port supply pipe fluid interior with extending into disengagement chamber is communicated with.The delivery outlet effuser fluid interior with being arranged in rotating cylinder main body disengagement chamber is communicated with.Flow out and be in the inlet of first radial position with comprising the centre rotational axis line of relative rotating cylinder.Whole columniform filter core is arranged in the inner also installation of disengagement chamber to rotate with the rotating cylinder main body.The size of filter core is made and is stopped one or more residual cells, but allows blood plasma to pass.Filter core is usually placed in second radial position, and second radial position is wideer slightly than first radial position that limits the inlet that leads to effuser.
One preferred embodiment relates to the blood processing centrifugal basket that is used for whole blood is centrifugated into the blood part, this centrifugal basket has an axis and comprises that one can be around the rotating cylinder main body (302) of its axis rotation, the whole bottom that limits the centrifugation chamber of basic encapsulation and have sealing of this rotating cylinder main body; The passage that is used to make the blood plasma that goes out from centrifugal separation of whole blood to be drawn out of as effluent, this passage comprises the blood plasma outlet that is arranged in the disengagement chamber, described blood plasma outlet has with the tube rotaring axis distance and is R 1Inlet; Import the input port (220) of pending blood, described input port comprises the supply pipe member (316) that extends to the rotating cylinder bottom part body substantially; Filter core with filter membrane, wherein filter membrane allows blood plasma to pass, but the non-blood plasma material that does not allow to comprise white blood cell, red blood cell and blood platelet passes, described filter member has the circular cross section that is arranged as with centrifugal basket axis almost coaxial, described filter membrane comprises so at least part, this part is a frusto-conical configuration, and the convergent end of its taper is towards the below and end at than rotating cylinder bottom part body and exceed predetermined altitude H place, and the inner radial of described frusto-conical configuration upper end is R 2, R wherein 2＞R 1
In operation, make rotating cylinder with rotation at a high speed by centrifugal chuck.The whole blood of anti-freezing is transported to the input port, flows through supply pipe and is transported to the disengagement chamber of rotating cylinder main body.Because the centrifugal force that produces in disengagement chamber, whole blood is separated into its various discrete compositions.Particularly, the higher red blood cell of density forms the ground floor that is attached on the rotating cylinder body peripheral edge.The blood plasma that density is lower than red blood cell forms the annular second layer that is positioned at the first layer of red blood cells inside.When other whole blood is transported in the disengagement chamber, the annular plasma layer to the rotation filter core near and finally contact with filter core.Blood plasma passes filter core, and the inlet and the quilt that enter into effuser are extracted out from rotating cylinder by delivery outlet.Any residual cells that comprises in the plasma layer all is blocked on the outer surface of filter core, thereby can not arrive the inlet of effuser, and the inlet relative rotation axi line of effuser is positioned at the inside of filter core.Thereby the blood plasma of extracting out from centrifugal basket of the present invention does not have remaining cell basically, therefore no longer needs the filter member in any downstream.
After all blood plasma was all extracted out from rotating cylinder, what be left in disengagement chamber was a large amount of red blood cells basically, and at this moment rotating cylinder stops the rotation.After centrifugal force disappeared, red blood cell just accumulated in the bottom of rotating cylinder.For preventing the inner surface of red blood cell contact filter core, extend upward from the bottom of filter core in a solid skirt section.Red blood cell can be extracted out from the rotating cylinder that stops the rotation by supply pipe and " input " mouth.Along with emptying red blood cell from rotating cylinder, rotating cylinder can rotate once more.Rotating cylinder subsequently the rotation any residual cells that may be bonded in filter process on the filter core outer surface is got rid of from filter core, basically " cleaning " filter core.Therefore, centrifugal basket just is ready to use for any blood separating cycle subsequently.
The present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The block diagram of the prior art blood plasma extraction method system that Fig. 1 discussed for the front;
Fig. 2 is according to a blood plasma extraction method system block diagram of implementing side of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is for showing the viewgraph of cross-section of Fig. 2 centrifugal basket that rotates filter core;
Fig. 4 is the viewgraph of cross-section of centrifugal basket alternate embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the isometric view for the preferred support structure of the filter core use of using in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional side view of Fig. 5 supporting construction.
Fig. 2 is the schematic block diagram according to blood processing system 200 of the present invention.System 200 comprises disposable gathering-device 202, and this device can be connected on the blood processing machine 204.Gathering-device 202 comprises that the venesection pin 206 that is used for from blood donor's arm 208 blood drawing, anti-coagulants container 210-are as from the AS-3 of Haemonetics company, interim red blood cell (RBC) reservoir bag 212, centrifugal basket 214 and final stage plasma collection bag 216.Intake line 218 is connected in venesection pin 206 on the input port 220 of rotating cylinder 214, and output pipe 222 is connected in the delivery outlet 224 of rotating cylinder 214 on the plasma collection bag 216.Feeding pipe 225 is connected anti-coagulants 210 on the intake line 218.Blood processing machine 204 comprises controller 226, motor 228,230, two peristaltic pumps 232 of centrifugal chuck and 234.Controller 226 operationally is connected on two peristaltic pumps 232 and 234, and is connected on the motor 228, motor 228 drive chucks 230.
The suitable blood processing machine that uses with the present invention is the PCS from Haemonetics company 2 systems, it is used to collect blood plasma.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional side view of the centrifugal basket 214 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Rotating cylinder 214 comprises whole columniform rotating cylinder main body 302, and it limits the disengagement chamber 304 of sealing.Rotating cylinder main body 302 comprises bottom 306, open top 308 and sidewall 310.Rotating cylinder 214 also comprises cap assembly 312, and cap assembly is installed in the top of rotating cylinder main body 302 by ring rotation sealing 314.Input port 220 and delivery outlet 224 are the part of cap assembly 312.The supply pipe 316 that is communicated with input port 220 fluids extend into the disengagement chamber 304 from cap assembly 312.Supply pipe 316 has opening 318, and this opening makes to be discharged by the bottom 306 of supply pipe 316 flowing liquids in rotating cylinder main body 302 preferably near the bottom 306 of rotating cylinder main body 302.Cap assembly 312 also comprises delivery outlet, and as flow pass 320, it is arranged in disengagement chamber 304 inside.Flow pass 320 can be near the top 308 of rotating cylinder main body 302.In a preferred embodiment, flow pass 320 is made of a pair of isolated dish 322a, 322b, and these two dishes limit passage 324, and the centre rotational axis line A-A of the whole circumference inlet 326 relative rotating cylinders 214 of passage 324 is in the first radial position R 1
The cap assembly and the rotating cylinder main body that are fit to use with the present invention are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,983, in 158.But be interpreted as also can utilizing other rotating cylinder structure.
Filter core 328 with integral cylindrical side wall 330 is arranged in the disengagement chamber 304 of rotating cylinder 302.Sidewall 330 preferably is arranged in than the first radial position R 1The second wideer slightly radial position R 2, as mentioned above, the first radial position R 1The inlet 326 of passage 324 is led in qualification.At the bottom of sidewall 330 330a first sloping portion 332 is arranged, this part extends to tilt to bottom 306 and to axis A-A downwards.Also tilt from first sloping portion, 332 upwardly extending solid skirt sections 334 to axis A-A.The skirt section limits the circumference 336 relative with sloping portion 332, and in a preferred embodiment, the spacing distance of circumference 336 and rotating cylinder main body 302 bottoms 306 is a height H.Filter core 328 preferably is installed as with 302 rotations of rotating cylinder main body.Particularly, filter core 328 tops relative with skirt section 334 can top 308 attached to rotating cylinder main body 302 on.
Advantageously the sidewall 330 of filter core 328 and first sloping portion 332 all are made of filter membrane or comprise that filter membrane, filter membrane are of a size of and stop one or more residual cells, as white blood cell at least, but allow blood plasma to pass.In a preferred embodiment, the perforation size of filter membrane is 2 to 0.8 microns.Being fit to the filter membrane that filter core 328 uses is from the BTS-5 film of the United States Filter Corp of California, USA Palm Desert or from the Supor film of the Pall company of USA New York East Hills.Filter membrane can be in addition or is stopped red blood cell, blood platelet, multi-form white blood cell and/or acellular blood component as selecting to constitute.Solid skirt section 334 can use plastics, silicon or other suitable material to form.Thereby, comprise in the blood component of blood plasma there is not a kind of skirt section 334 that can pass filter core 328.Skirt section 334 can also be real cylindrical and sidewall 330 inner extensions.
Should be appreciated that filter membrane of the present invention can have various ways.For example, it can be made of the affinity medium, and one or more residual cells (but not having blood plasma) are bonded on this medium, thereby residual cells is removed from the blood plasma that passes film.Filter membrane also can be made of the microporous barrier that waits perforation size or perforation size such as non-that is preferably in 0.5 to 2.0 micrometer range.Filter membrane can also be the combination of affinity medium and microporous barrier.Filter core 328 also can comprise spaced apart or the two or more different perforation sizes that are stacked together or the rete of affinity.Advantageously, the perforation size of this rete reduces gradually to effuser 320 inlets 326 directions.In addition, one or more filter membranous layers can be made of nonwoven fabric medium or material.
In operation, disposable gathering-device 202 (Fig. 2) is connected on the blood processing machine 204.Particularly, intake line 218 is via first pump 232, from the feeding pipe 225 of anti-coagulants container 210 via second pump 234.Centrifugal basket 214 is fixedly mounted on the chuck 230, and wherein cap assembly 312 is maintained fixed.Venesection pin 206 is inserted in blood donor's the arm 208 then.Then, controller 226 starts two pumps 232,234 and motor 228.The operation of two pumps 232,234 makes the input port 220 of mixing and being transported to rotating cylinder 214 from blood donor's whole blood and the anti-coagulants from container 210.The operation drive chuck 230 of motor 228, chuck make rotating cylinder 214 rotations again.The whole blood of anti-freezing flows through supply pipe 316 (Fig. 3) and enters into disengagement chamber 304.The centrifugal force that produces in the disengagement chamber 304 of rotation rotating cylinder 214 forces blood to lean against on the sidewall 310.The lasting rotation of rotating cylinder 214 makes blood become discrete layer by density separation.Particularly, the whole blood composition RBCs that density is the highest forms the ground floor 340 that leans against on sidewall 310 peripheries.RBC layer 340 has surface 342.What axis A-A was positioned at RBC layer 340 inside relatively is plasma layer 344, because the density of blood plasma is lower than red blood cell.Plasma layer 344 also has surface 346.
Should be appreciated that, comprise white blood cell and hematoblastic leukocytic cream (not shown) may be formed between layer of red blood cells and the plasma layer.
When extra anticoagulated whole blood is transported in the disengagement chamber 304 of rotating cylinder 214, each layer 340344 beginning " growth ", thus move to central axis A-A on the surface of plasma layer 344 346.At a time, surface 346 will contact the cylindrical side wall 330 of filter core 328.Since the filter membrane flow resistance of inwall 330, the sloping portion 332 of surface 346 beginning " climbing " upper filters 328 of plasma layer 344.In fact, blood plasma will continue to climb up sloping portion 332, passes filter element up to producing enough pressure heads with " pumping " blood plasma.That is, because the big centrifugal force that produces in disengagement chamber 304, radially " highly " of the fixed radial position of plasma layer surface 346 relative filter core 328 cylindrical side walls 330 sets up sizable pressure head.For example, for 20 millimeters outer filter core radius R 2The blood plasma that " surpasses " radially " highly " 4 millimeters of outer filter core radius will produce the transmembrane pressure of about 300 millimetress of mercury (Hg) that cross filter core 328, and this pressure is far longer than is enough to the pressure that pumping blood plasma passes filter membrane.Clear for showing, the pressure differential shown in the figure is by exaggerative.In addition, radially " degree of depth " of filter core 328 is preferably and can prevents that the blood plasma that is not filtered from overflowing the edge in skirt section 334 or circumference and extracted out from rotating cylinder 214.That is, under rotating cylinder 214 operating conditions of estimating, the edge 336 that limits as radial width by first sloping portion 332 and skirt section 334 than plasma surface 346 more near axis A-A.
Because the filter membrane structure (for example perforation size) at sidewall 330 and sloping portion 332 places only allows blood plasma to pass filter core 328.Still any residual blood composition in plasma layer 314 as white blood cell, all is blocked on filter core 328 outer surfaces of relative axis A-A.As by shown in the arrow P (Fig. 3), pass filter core 328 after, the blood plasma 348 that is filtered enters the inlet 326 of effuser 320 and flows along passage 326.The blood plasma that is filtered is thus taken out from rotating cylinder 214 by the delivery outlet 224 that is communicated with effuser 320 fluids.Plasma collection bag 216 is carried and entered into to the blood plasma that is filtered then by output pipe 222 (Fig. 2).
When the blood plasma of carrying extra anticoagulated whole blood and taking-up to be filtered to rotating cylinder 214, the degree of depth of RBC layer 340 begins to increase.When the surface 342 of RBC layer 340 arrived filter core 328, all blood plasma in the expression disengagement chamber 304 were removed entirely, at this moment preferably suspend this process.The situation that the surface 342 of RBC layer 340 arrives filter core 328 can detect with optical means.Specifically, rotating cylinder 214 also can comprise traditional optical reflector 350, the 330 basic identical (R for example of the sidewall of the distance of this reflector and central axis A-A and filter core 328 2).Reflector 350 cooperates with detection whether have RBCs at relative filter core 328 previously selected some places with optical launcher that is positioned at blood processing machine 204 and detector (not shown), and makes corresponding signal send controller 226 to.In response, controller 226 suspends this process.
Should be appreciated that optics and controller 226 can be configured under substituting condition and/or suspend rotating cylinder filling operation when detecting other parts.
Particularly, controller 226 stops pump 232,234 and motor 228, thereby stops rotating cylinder 214.After centrifugal force disappears, the bottom that the RBC in the layer 340 falls rotating cylinder 214.That is, RBC falls disengagement chamber 304 bottoms relative with cap assembly 312.As mentioned above, the end edge 336 in skirt section 334 is preferably orientated the filter membrane inner surface that makes the RBC that comprises can not overflow and contact relative axis A-A as in the rotating cylinder 214 that stops.For example, after rotating cylinder 214 stopped, the height H of the bottom 306 of end position 336 relative rotating cylinder main bodys 302 was than the height height of RBC.Therefore, RBC can not contact any inner surface portion of filter core 328.Be described in more detail below the importance of this feature.
When waiting for time enough so that after RBC fell in the rotating cylinder 214 that stops, controller 226 started pump 232 with opposite direction.This makes the RBC of rotating cylinder 214 bottoms be pumped in the supply pipe 316 and passes through input port 220 and extract out from rotating cylinder 214.By intake line 218 RBC is transported in the interim RBC reservoir bag 212 then.Should be appreciated that, can operate one or more valves (illustrating) and be transported in the bag 212 to guarantee RBC.For promoting RBC emptying from rotating cylinder 214, the structure in skirt section 334 preferably allows to be easy to enter into disengagement chamber 304 from the air of plasma collection bag 216.That is, the spaced apart and skirt section 334 of the terminal point 336 in skirt section 334 and supply pipe 316 can not stop the air-flow that enters disengagement chamber 304 from effuser 320.Thereby air does not need to pass wet filter core 328 to allow the RBC emptying.Should be appreciated that in rotating cylinder filling process, this structure and arrangement also promote deaeration from disengagement chamber 304.
When all RBC were transferred to the interim reservoir bag 212 from rotating cylinder 214, system 200 just got ready for the next plasma collection circulation of beginning.Particularly, controller 226 starts two pumps 232,234 and motor 228 once more.Be " cleaning " filter core 328 before next one collection circulation beginning, controller 226 is (or with such order) actuating motor 228 and pump 232,234 preferably by this way, promptly before allowing anticoagulated whole blood arrival disengagement chamber 304, make rotating cylinder 214 with its service speed rotation certain hour.By rotation filter core 328 in idle running tube 214, the residual blood cell that " is trapped " in the plasma collection process has on its outer surface just been got rid of.Therefore, may be bonded at its lip-deep residual blood cell just by from filter core 328 " removing " effectively.This centre " cleaning " step guarantees that the whole surf zone of filter membrane all can be used for filtering in each plasma collection circulation, and is not only the first collection circulation.
After the cell of holding back is removed from filter, begin the plasma collection process as mentioned above.Particularly, anticoagulated whole blood is separated into its composition in the disengagement chamber 304 of rotating cylinder 214, and blood plasma is pumped by filter core 328.Blood plasma after take out filtering from rotating cylinder 214 also is transported to plasma collection bag 216 along output pipe 222, adds in the blood plasma of collecting in first circulation.When the disengagement chamber 304 of rotating cylinder 214 is full of RBC when (as being detected by fluorescence detector) once more, controller 226 stops collection process.Particularly, controller stops two pumps 232,234 and motor 228.If process finishes (that is, donating out the blood plasma of desired amount), system then returns to the blood donor with RBC.Particularly, controller 226 start in the opposite direction pump 232 with by intake line 218 from rotating cylinder 214 with face reservoir bag 212 pumping RBC.Flow through venesection pin 206 and turn back to the blood donor of RBC.
After RBC turns back to the blood donor, can take off venesection pin 206 and unclamp the blood donor.Being full of the plasma collection bag 216 that filters back blood plasma now can take off and good seal from disposable collecting device 202.The remainder of disposable apparatus 202, comprise pin, the bag 210,212 and rotating cylinder 214 can abandon.Blood plasma after the filtration can be transported to blood bank or hospital.
Should be noted that now and prevent that any residual cells or non-blood plasma blood component from contacting the importance of filter core 328 inner surfaces of relative axis A-A.Particularly, when the rotating cylinder emptying, can't will allow the residual cells of contact filter core 328 inner surfaces to remove by rotation rotating cylinder 214.On the contrary, these residual cells can keep being blocked on the inner surface of filter core 328.And when restarting collection process, these residual cells will be adhered to blood plasma and be extracted out by effuser 320, thus " pollution " the good blood plasma of filtration in the collecting bag 216.Thereby in a preferred embodiment, filter core is configured to prevent the inner surface of non-blood plasma blood component contact filter core.
And filter membrane surface area and the expection height of red blood cell in the rotating cylinder that stops according to hope might remove skirt section 332.That is,, then can remove skirt section 332 if when the lowermost portion of filter core still is higher than the RBC that occupies the rotating cylinder 214 that stops, can obtaining enough filter areas.In a preferred embodiment, the filter area of filter core 328 is about 50 square centimeters.Thereby those skilled in the art will recognize that if carry out single collection circulation, can allow the inner surface of residual cells contact filter core.More specifically, when the emptying red blood cell, can allow the inner surface of residual cells (as content of the rotating cylinder that stops) contact filter core.
As implied above, the invention provides be used to collect be filtered or than at present efficient, the low-cost system of the blood plasma product by traditional centrifugal basket obtainable more " pure ".In a preferred embodiment, system 200 also comprises one or more devices whether filter core 328 gets clogged that are used to detect.Particularly, blood processing machine 204 can comprise the one or more traditional liquid flow sensor (not shown) that is connected on the controller 226, enters the anticoagulated whole blood flow in the rotating cylinder 214 and the plasmaflux of the filtration of flowing out with measurement from rotating cylinder 214.The output of controller 226 best monitor traffic sensors, if the flow of whole blood has surpassed the flow of blood plasma in one period duration, then controller 226 preferably suspends collection process.System 200 also can comprise the one or more traditional pipeline sensor (not shown) that detects the red blood cell pressure in the output pipe 222.In output pipe 222, exist red blood cell may represent that the blood component in the disengagement chamber 304 overflows skirt section 334.
Should be appreciated that filter core can have alternative structure.For example, Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional side view with centrifugal basket 400 of whole conical butt filter core 402.Rotating cylinder 400 comprises many and rotating cylinder 214 similar elements.For example, rotating cylinder 400 has the whole cylindrical barrels main body 404 of the disengagement chamber 412 that is used to limit sealing, and the rotating cylinder main body has the top 408 and the sidewall 410 of bottom 406, opening.Cap assembly 414 is installed on the rotating cylinder main body 402 by rotatory sealing 416.Supply pipe 418 extend in the disengagement chamber 412 of rotating cylinder 400, and cap assembly 414 comprises the effuser 420 that limits inlet 422.The conical butt filter core 402 that also extend in the disengagement chamber 412 comprises major diameter part 424 and small diameter portion 426.Particularly, the major diameter part 424 of filter core 402 preferably is arranged in the radial position R than effuser 420 inlets 422 4Wide slightly radial position R 3 Solid skirt section 428 is preferably formed in the small diameter portion 426 of filter core 402.The preferably relative cap assembly 414 in skirt section 428 extends upward and can tilt to centre rotational axis line A-A.The same end edge 430 that limit in skirt section 428, in a preferred embodiment, the H that is spaced apart of this end edge 430 and rotating cylinder main body 404 bottoms 406, its reason is as mentioned above.The filter core 402 that does not comprise skirt section 428 preferably is made of filter membrane, and filter membrane is of a size of and stops white blood cell at least, but allows blood plasma to pass.
In operation, equally anticoagulated whole blood is transported to the disengagement chamber 412 of rotation rotating cylinder 400.Separation of whole blood becomes RBC layer 432 and has the plasma layer 434 on surface 436.Because the flow resistance that the filter membrane of filter core 402 causes, the part of conical butt filter core " is climbed " on the surface 436 of plasma layer 434, passes filter membrane up to producing enough pressure heads with " pumping " blood plasma, produces the blood plasma 438 that filters.And the end edge 430 by making skirt section 428 and the bottom 406 spaced apart height H of rotating cylinder main body 404 just can prevent from when rotating cylinder 400 stops to comprise that the residual cells of RBC contacts the inner surface of filter core 402.
Fig. 5 and 6 is respectively the isometric view and the cross-sectional side view of preferred filter core supporting construction 500.Supporting construction 500 is whole cylindrical, and it limits exterior cylindrical surfaces 502, first openend 504 and second openend 506.In the outer surface 502 of supporting construction 500, be formed with one or more closed conduit parts, as closed conduit part 508, the major part that these closed conduit parts are preferably surrounded supporting construction 500 surf zones.In a preferred embodiment, each closed conduit part 508 opposing outer face 502 is recessed.Be furnished with a plurality of isolated ribs 510 in each closed conduit part 508, each rib all comprises the end face 510a that flushes with the outer surface 502 of supporting construction 500.Each closed conduit part 508 also comprises a plurality of drain holes 512 (Fig. 5), and drain hole provides with the fluid of supporting construction 500 inside 514 (Fig. 6) and is communicated with.More specifically, the space boundary between the adjacent rib 510 leads to the respective channel 516 of drain hole 512.
Replace the sloping portion 332 (Fig. 3) of filter core 328, supporting construction 500 comprises the support that extends internally 518 (Fig. 6) that is arranged in second openend 506.Supporting construction 500 also comprises the similar skirt section 520 with skirt section 334 (Fig. 3).Particularly, Frusto-conical skirt section 520 is attached on the support 518 and in the inside 514 of supporting construction 500 and extends to first openend 504 from second openend 506.Skirt section 520 also limits the hole 522 relative with second openend 506, and this hole 522 provides the fluid between first and second openends 504,506 to be communicated with.
It is the filter medium (not shown) on supporting construction 500 that ring is put, and it is configured to stop one or more residual cells, but allows blood plasma to pass.Filter medium can be by any suitable method attached on the supporting construction 500, for example adhesive tape, ultrasonic bonding, heat-sealing, or the like.Because the structure of rib 510, filter medium is spaced apart with closed conduit part 508 separately.That is, in the zone of closed conduit part 508, filter medium is supported by the end face 510a of rib 510.When blood plasma passed filter medium, it entered into corresponding closed conduit part 508.The blood plasma that is filtered thus flows along passage 516, by drain hole 512 and enter in the inside 514 of supporting construction.Supporting construction 500 preferably is installed in (Fig. 3) on the rotating cylinder main body 302, makes the openend 504 of winning near cap assembly 312.As mentioned above, the blood plasma that is filtered is extracted out from rotating cylinder 214 by outlet 520 (Fig. 3).And the structure in skirt section 520 prevents that the blood plasma that is not filtered from being extracted out or the inner surface of contact filtration medium from rotating cylinder 214.Thereby the opening 522 in skirt section 520 allows supply pipe 316 (Fig. 3) to pass supporting construction 500 and allows air to enter in the disengagement chamber 304 of rotating cylinder 214 when getting rid of red blood cell or other composition.
Those skilled in the art will be understood that, as long as blood plasma is compelled to pass filter core between the arrival outlet, other filter core structure comprises supporting construction, all is fine.
Be also to be understood that filter core of the present invention can rotatable relatively rotating cylinder main body fix.That is, alternatively, filter core can be fixed with on the cap assembly, rather than is fixed on the rotating cylinder main body.Be also to be understood that filter core of the present invention can be incorporated in the centrifugal basket with different geometries, comprise bell Latham series centrifugal basket from Haemonetics company.
The description of front relates to specific embodiment of the present invention.But clearly, can carry out other modification and some advantage or the whole advantage of change to described embodiment to obtain them.Thereby this description should be considered to illustrative, rather than restrictive.For example, have only some structure that the blood plasma that is filtered is carried back inlet, filter membrane in fact just can be arranged in the inboard of effuser inlet.The purpose of appended claim is intended to comprise all this modification and changes.

Claims (15)

1, be used for separation of whole blood is become the blood processing centrifugal basket of blood part, this rotating cylinder comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302), it can rotate and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of integrally closed around central axis, and this rotating cylinder main body (302) has a bottom;
Passage (324), it comprises being arranged in and is used in the disengagement chamber extracting the outlet (224) partly of one or more blood out from rotating cylinder;
Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has the filter membrane (330) that is configured to stop one or more residual cells that comprise in first blood part, filter core have one with the circular cross section of the coaxial setting of centrifugal basket and one in the bottom of the predetermined altitude above the rotating cylinder bottom part body, filter core cooperates with outlet makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane before the extraction from rotating cylinder.
2, a kind of blood processing centrifugal basket that is used for separation of whole blood is become the blood part, this rotating cylinder comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302), it can rotate and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of integrally closed around central axis;
Passage (324), it comprises being arranged in and is used in the disengagement chamber extracting the outlet (224) partly of one or more blood out from rotating cylinder;
Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has the filter membrane (330) that is configured to stop one or more residual cells that comprise in first blood part, filter core cooperates with outlet makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane from rotating cylinder before extracting out, it is characterized in that, filter core (328) is installed on the rotating cylinder main body rotating with rotating cylinder, and comprises 0.5 to 2 micron aperture.
According to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, first blood partly is blood plasma (344), one or more residual cells comprise white blood cell, red blood cell (340) and blood platelet.
4, a kind of blood processing centrifugal basket that is used for separation of whole blood is become the blood part, this rotating cylinder comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302), it can rotate and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of integrally closed around central axis;
Passage (324), it comprises being arranged in and is used in the disengagement chamber extracting the outlet (224) partly of one or more blood out from rotating cylinder;
Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has the filter membrane (330) that is configured to stop one or more residual cells that comprise in first blood part, filter core cooperates with outlet makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane from rotating cylinder before extracting out, it is characterized in that, outlet is an effuser, passage comprises inlet, and filter core comprises that around the coaxillay aligned cylindrical part of central axis, the relative central axis of the part of filter core is positioned at the radial outside of inlet at least.
5, according to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that, centrifugal basket comprises the blood input port (220) with supply pipe fitting (316), supply with pipe fitting and receive the blood of handling in rotating cylinder bottom (220) substantially, and cylindrical filter core (328) also comprises the sloping portion (332) that is positioned at rotating cylinder bottom top predetermined altitude, and this sloping portion is to the central axis tendency and assemble to central axial direction downwards.
According to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that 6, the rotating cylinder main body comprises the bottom, cylindrical filter core also comprises interior solid skirt section (334), and relative rotating cylinder bottom, this skirt section extends upward from sloping portion.
7, according to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, the solid skirt section of filter core comprises plastic material and has circumferential edges (336), this circumferential edges and rotating cylinder bottom part body are spaced apart, make it possible to prevent that in disengagement chamber remaining one or more blood from partly overflowing the skirt section and contacting the filter core inner surface of relative central axis.
According to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that 8, solid skirt section comprises the vertical substantially cylindrical member made from silicon.
9, the blood processing centrifugal basket described in according to Claim 8 is characterized in that Frusto-conical filter core has the major diameter part, and this part is arranged in the radial outside of the relative central axis of the inlet that leads to effuser.
10, a kind of blood processing centrifugal basket that is used for separation of whole blood is become the blood part, this rotating cylinder comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302), it can rotate and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of integrally closed around central axis;
Passage (324), it comprises being arranged in and is used in the disengagement chamber extracting the outlet (224) partly of one or more blood out from rotating cylinder;
Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has the filter membrane (330) that is configured to stop one or more residual cells that comprise in first blood part, filter core cooperates with outlet makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane from rotating cylinder before extracting out, it is characterized in that filter membrane to small part is made of the medium that one or more residual cells is had affinity.
According to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 10, it is characterized in that 11, filter membrane also comprises the micropore part.
12, a kind of blood processing centrifugal basket that is used for separation of whole blood is become the blood part, this rotating cylinder comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302), it can rotate and limit the disengagement chamber (304) of integrally closed around central axis;
Passage (324), it comprises being arranged in and is used in the disengagement chamber extracting the outlet (224) partly of one or more blood out from rotating cylinder;
Be arranged in the filter core (328) in the disengagement chamber (304), filter core has the filter membrane (330) that is configured to stop one or more residual cells that comprise in first blood part, filter core cooperates with outlet makes the blood part (348) of winning arrive outlet and passed filter membrane from rotating cylinder before extracting out, it is characterized in that filter membrane comprises two-layer or multilayer.
According to the blood processing centrifugal basket described in the claim 12, it is characterized in that 13, each filter membranous layer all has perforation size, the perforation size of filter membranous layer reduces gradually to Way out.
14, be used for collecting from whole blood the method for blood plasma part, this method comprises the steps:
To rotating centrifugal rotating cylinder supplying whole blood with disengagement chamber and a bottom;
In disengagement chamber, separation of whole blood is become multiple part, comprise the blood plasma part with centrifugal method;
The filter core that forces blood plasma part radially inwardly to be passed to be arranged in the disengagement chamber comprises any irrelevant white blood cell, red blood cell and blood platelet to stop non-blood plasma material, and filter core has a bottom at the predetermined altitude above the rotating cylinder bottom part body;
From centrifugal basket, the blood plasma that is filtered is extracted out from the filter core interior zone.
15, the separation of whole blood that is used for bearing centrifugal action becomes the blood processing centrifugal basket of blood part, and this centrifugal basket has axis and comprises:
Rotating cylinder main body (302) can be around its axis rotation and the whole bottom that limits the centrifugation chamber of base closed and have sealing;
Be used for making the passage that is drawn out of as effluent from the isolated blood plasma of the whole blood that bears centrifugal action, passage comprises the blood plasma outlet that is arranged in the disengagement chamber, and the inlet of described blood plasma outlet and tube rotaring axis distance are R 1
Import the input port (220) of pending blood, described input port comprises the supply pipe fitting (316) that extends to the rotating cylinder bottom part body substantially;
Filter core with filter membrane, filter membrane only allows blood plasma to pass through, and the non-blood plasma components that does not allow to comprise white blood cell, red blood cell and blood platelet passes through, described filter membrane has the circular cross section of arranging with centrifugal basket axis almost coaxial, described filter membrane comprises the part of frusto-conical configuration at least, the inclination convergent end of this part down and end at the predetermined altitude H place of rotating cylinder bottom part body top, it is R that described frusto-conical configuration has inner radial 2The upper end, R wherein 2＞R 1
CN00117979A 1999-06-03 2000-06-02 Centrifugal basket with filter element Expired - Fee Related CN1131729C (en)

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CN1276268A (en) 2000-12-13
US20020032112A1 (en) 2002-03-14

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