TWI577437B - Centrifugal filtering device and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Centrifugal filtering device and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI577437B TWI577437B TW105114163A TW105114163A TWI577437B TW I577437 B TWI577437 B TW I577437B TW 105114163 A TW105114163 A TW 105114163A TW 105114163 A TW105114163 A TW 105114163A TW I577437 B TWI577437 B TW I577437B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
- B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
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- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種離心過濾機,尤指一種利用離心轉筒或旋轉過濾器之轉動來產生離心力,使原料液離心分離出輕相流體與重相流體之離心過濾機。 The invention relates to a centrifugal filter, in particular to a centrifugal filter which utilizes the rotation of a centrifugal drum or a rotary filter to generate centrifugal force, and centrifugally separates the raw material liquid from the light phase fluid and the heavy phase fluid.
離心及過濾技術廣泛地應用在石化、冶金、化工、生物、食品、能源、機械、電力、煤炭、酒類、紡織、製藥、衛生等產業領域中。常用的離心設備是對於固-液、液-液、液-液-固、固-液-液相進行分離(「液」在此廣義地指流體,其包含液相及氣相)的裝置,其應用領域主要有脫水、澄清、分級、濃縮及分離等。 Centrifugal and filtration technologies are widely used in petrochemical, metallurgical, chemical, biological, food, energy, machinery, electric power, coal, alcohol, textile, pharmaceutical, health and other industrial fields. Commonly used centrifugal equipment is a device for separating solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, liquid-liquid-solid, solid-liquid-liquid phase ("liquid" is broadly referred to herein as a fluid, which includes a liquid phase and a gas phase). Its application fields mainly include dehydration, clarification, classification, concentration and separation.
一般而言,離心過濾是使懸浮溶液在離心力作用下,通過濾材,使得固體顆粒截留在濾材上,不斷堆積成濾餅,液體通過濾餅層和過濾材過濾成為濾液。此類常見的離心/過濾機有三足式、平板式、上懸式、旁濾式、刮刀卸料、活塞推料、螺旋卸料、離心力卸料、震動卸料、進動卸料、翻袋卸料等型式,這些離心機或過濾機的詳細構造及原理可參考「工業離心機和過濾機選用手冊」一書(ISBN 978-7-122-18787-1,其全文以參照方式在此併入)。 In general, the centrifugal filtration is such that the suspension solution passes through the filter material under the action of centrifugal force, so that the solid particles are trapped on the filter material, and continuously accumulates into a filter cake, and the liquid is filtered through the filter cake layer and the filter material to form a filtrate. Such common centrifugal/filters are three-legged, flat-plate, over-suspended, side-filtering, scraper unloading, piston pushing, screw unloading, centrifugal force unloading, vibration unloading, pre-loading unloading, and turning over the bag. For the type of unloading, etc., the detailed structure and principle of these centrifuges or filters can be found in the book "Industrial Centrifuge and Filter Selection Manual" (ISBN 978-7-122-18787-1, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In).
然而,對於粒子粒徑較為嚴苛的工業標準中,欲分離出較小的粒子,往往需較大的離心力以及較密的濾材,而小粒子極易堵塞濾材造成後續離心分離、過濾的困難,因而須經常地暫停操作來清洗濾材及/或汰換濾材,如此增加了時間及花費成本。因此,需要一種能夠減緩結垢、簡單操作、並能分離出顆粒、澄清液的離心分離設備。 However, in the industrial standards where the particle size is relatively severe, in order to separate smaller particles, a large centrifugal force and a dense filter material are often required, and small particles are extremely easy to block the filter material, which causes difficulty in subsequent centrifugal separation and filtration. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently suspend operations to clean the filter media and/or replace the filter media, which adds time and cost. Therefore, there is a need for a centrifugal separation apparatus capable of slowing down fouling, simple operation, and capable of separating particles and clear liquid.
請參閱第一圖,第一圖係為先前技術之離心分離器之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一種離心分離機PA100包含一離心機本體PA1、一轉軸PA2以及一濾網組件PA3,而轉軸PA2是可轉動地設置於離心機本體PA1中,而濾網組件PA3是固定地穿設於轉軸PA2,藉以隨著轉軸PA2轉動。其中,當轉軸PA2旋轉時,經由轉軸PA2之一進料口PA21進入濾網組件PA3內之原料液PA300會被帶動而旋轉地流動,進而產生離心力以甩向濾網組件PA3進行過濾,並使原料液PA300所包含之顆粒在濾網組件PA3上堆積形成一固體濾餅PA200。 Please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic structural view of a prior art centrifugal separator. As shown, a centrifugal separator PA100 includes a centrifuge body PA1, a rotating shaft PA2, and a screen assembly PA3, and the rotating shaft PA2 is rotatably disposed in the centrifuge body PA1, and the screen assembly PA3 is fixedly It is worn on the rotating shaft PA2 to rotate with the rotating shaft PA2. Wherein, when the rotating shaft PA2 rotates, the raw material liquid PA300 entering the filter assembly PA3 via the feeding port PA21 of one of the rotating shafts PA2 is rotatively flowed, thereby generating centrifugal force to filter the filter assembly PA3, and The particles contained in the raw material liquid PA300 are stacked on the screen assembly PA3 to form a solid filter cake PA200.
承上所述,由於轉軸PA2的轉動會帶動原料液PA300旋轉地流動,而原料液PA300所包含的顆粒自然會隨著原料液PA300的流動方向移動,進而堆積在濾網組件PA3上,因此當離心分離機PA100使用一段時間之後,離心分離機PA100的過濾速度會因為固體濾餅PA200的厚度增加而降低,導致使用者需要停機進行固體濾餅PA200的清除,才能維持離心過濾機PA100的過濾速度。 As described above, since the rotation of the rotating shaft PA2 drives the raw material liquid PA300 to rotate, the particles contained in the raw material liquid PA300 naturally move along with the flow direction of the raw material liquid PA300, and then accumulate on the filter assembly PA3. After the centrifugal separator PA100 is used for a period of time, the filtration speed of the centrifugal separator PA100 will decrease due to the increase of the thickness of the solid filter cake PA200, so that the user needs to stop the solid filter cake PA200 to stop, in order to maintain the filtration speed of the centrifugal filter PA100. .
有鑒於在習知技術中,現有的離心分離器顆粒與濾液運動方向相同造成顆粒堆積於濾材上,因而濾速降低或需更換清洗濾材。緣此,本發明之主要目的係提供一種離心過濾機,利用離心力與質量平衡的原理,離心力造成顆粒受離心力方向運動,質量平衡迫使液體往另一方向(濾材)運動,使濾速高且穩定且不須常(甚至完全不需要)更換或清洗濾材。 In view of the prior art, the existing centrifugal separator particles and the filtrate move in the same direction to cause particles to accumulate on the filter material, so that the filtration rate is lowered or the cleaning filter material needs to be replaced. Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal filter that utilizes the principle of centrifugal force and mass balance. The centrifugal force causes the particles to move in the direction of centrifugal force, and the mass balance forces the liquid to move in the other direction (filter material), so that the filtration speed is high and stable. It is not necessary to replace or clean the filter media often (or even completely).
承上所述,本發明為解決習知技術之問題所採用之必要技術手段係提供一種離心過濾機,係用於一原料液之過濾,該原料液包含複數個顆粒,該離心過濾機包含一離心轉筒以及一旋轉過濾器。離心轉筒係具有一容置空間,該容置空間係用以容納該原料液。旋轉過濾器係可相對轉動地設置於該容置空間中,並且包含一過濾器本體以及一濾液排出管,過濾器本體係具有一過濾筒,該過濾筒係圍構出一濾液收集空間;濾液排出管係連結於該過濾器本體,並連通於該濾液收集空間。其中,藉由該離心轉筒與該旋轉過濾器其中至少一者轉動,使該原料液受到帶動而產生渦流,進而使該原料液因離心力而形成一甩向該離心轉筒之重相流體與一逼近該過濾筒之輕相流體,而該些顆粒所受之離心力係自該重相流體朝該輕相流體逐漸遞減,且該輕相流體係經過該過濾筒之過濾而於該濾液收集空間產生一濾液,使該濾液經由該濾液排出管排出該離心過濾機。 In view of the above, the present invention provides a centrifugal filter for filtering a raw material liquid, which contains a plurality of particles, and the centrifugal filter includes a necessary technical means for solving the problems of the prior art. Centrifugal drum and a rotary filter. The centrifuge drum has an accommodating space for accommodating the raw material liquid. The rotary filter is rotatably disposed in the accommodating space, and includes a filter body and a filtrate discharge pipe. The filter system has a filter cartridge, and the filter cartridge surrounds a filtrate collection space; the filtrate A discharge pipe is coupled to the filter body and communicates with the filtrate collection space. Wherein, by rotating at least one of the centrifugal drum and the rotary filter, the raw material liquid is driven to generate a vortex, thereby causing the raw material liquid to form a heavy phase fluid to the centrifugal drum due to centrifugal force. a light phase fluid approaching the filter cartridge, wherein the centrifugal force of the particles is gradually decreased from the heavy phase fluid toward the light phase fluid, and the light phase flow system is filtered through the filter cartridge to the filtrate collection space. A filtrate is produced, and the filtrate is discharged through the filtrate discharge pipe to the centrifugal filter.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該過濾器本體更包含一底座與一頂蓋,該底座與該頂蓋係夾固地設置於該過濾筒之上下兩端,並與該過濾筒圍構出該濾液收集空間,且該濾液排出管係連結於該底座。 An additional technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the filter body further comprises a base and a top cover, and the base and the top cover are clamped on the upper and lower ends of the filter cartridge, and The filter cartridge surrounds the filtrate collection space, and the filtrate discharge pipe is coupled to the base.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該旋轉過濾器更包含一原料液進料管,該原料液進料管係連結於該過濾器本體,並可轉動地穿設於該離心轉筒,且該原料液進料管具有至少一出料口,該出料口係連通於該容置空間,藉以使該原料液經由該原料液進料管進入該容置空間中。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the rotary filter further comprises a raw material liquid feed pipe coupled to the filter body and rotatably disposed therein. The raw material liquid feed pipe has at least one discharge port, and the discharge port communicates with the accommodating space, so that the raw material liquid enters the accommodating space via the raw material liquid feed pipe.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該圓筒體係為一過濾圓筒體。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the cylinder system is a filter cylinder.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該濾液排出管係可轉動地穿設於該離心轉筒。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned necessary technical means is that the filtrate discharge pipe is rotatably disposed in the centrifugal drum.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該離心轉筒包含一下固定座、一圓筒體以及一上固定座,該下固定座開設有至少一連通於該容置空間之液體出口,該顆粒係由該液體出口排出該容置空間,該圓筒體係連結於該下固定座,該上固定座係連結於該圓筒體,該容置空間係由該下固定座、該圓筒體以及該上固定座所圍構形成。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the centrifugal rotating drum comprises a lower fixing seat, a cylindrical body and an upper fixing seat, and the lower fixing seat is provided with at least one liquid outlet connected to the accommodating space. The granule is discharged from the accommodating space by the liquid outlet, the cylindrical system is coupled to the lower fixing base, and the upper fixing base is coupled to the cylindrical body, and the accommodating space is the lower fixing seat, the circle The cylinder and the upper fixing seat are formed in a surrounding structure.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,離心過濾機更包含一液體收集槽,該離心轉筒 係可轉動地設置於該液體收集槽中,且該離心轉筒更開設有至少一連通於該容置空間之液體出口,該液體收集槽係用以收集自該液體出口排出之該重相流體。其中,該液體收集槽更設有一上液體收集槽,且該上固定座開設有至少一連通於容置空間之溢流口,該上液體收集槽係對應地設置於該液體收集槽之上方。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned necessary technical means is that the centrifugal filter further comprises a liquid collecting tank, and the centrifugal rotating drum Is rotatably disposed in the liquid collection tank, and the centrifugal drum is further provided with at least one liquid outlet connected to the accommodating space, the liquid collecting tank is configured to collect the heavy phase fluid discharged from the liquid outlet . The liquid collecting tank is further provided with an upper liquid collecting tank, and the upper fixing seat is provided with at least one overflow port communicating with the accommodating space, and the upper liquid collecting tank is correspondingly disposed above the liquid collecting tank.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該離心轉筒包含一過濾圓筒體,該過濾圓筒體係用以過濾該重相流體。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the centrifugal drum comprises a filtering cylinder system for filtering the heavy phase fluid.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該旋轉過濾器更包含一螺旋刮刀,係設置於該過濾筒。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the rotary filter further comprises a spiral scraper disposed on the filter cartridge.
由上述之必要技術手段所衍生之一附屬技術手段為,該旋轉過濾器本體更包含複數個碟盤,該些碟盤係連結於該過濾筒。 An auxiliary technical means derived from the above-mentioned technical means is that the rotary filter body further comprises a plurality of disks, and the disks are coupled to the filter cartridge.
一種離心過濾機之操作方法,係用以操作如申請專利範圍第1項所述之離心過濾機,該操作方法包含以下步驟:(a)建立一輸送管路,使一儲存有該原料液之原料液儲存容器連通至該離心轉筒之該容置空間;(b)利用一幫浦將儲存於該原料液儲存容器之該原料液送入並充滿該容置空間;(c)驅動該離心轉筒與該旋轉過濾器其中至少一者轉動,使容置於該容置空間之該原料液受到帶動而產生渦流,進而形成該重相流體與該輕相流體,且該過濾筒係使該輕相流體過濾出該濾液。 A centrifugal filter operating method for operating a centrifugal filter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: (a) establishing a delivery line for storing the raw material liquid The raw material liquid storage container is connected to the accommodating space of the centrifugal rotating drum; (b) the raw material liquid stored in the raw material liquid storage container is fed into and filled with the accommodating space by using a pump; (c) driving the centrifugal Rotating at least one of the rotating drum and the rotating filter, the raw material liquid accommodated in the accommodating space is driven to generate a vortex, thereby forming the heavy phase fluid and the light phase fluid, and the filter cylinder is configured to The filtrate was filtered off with a light phase fluid.
如上所述,相較於先前技術之離心分離機在利用離心力將顆粒由原料液中分離出時,會因為顆粒與液體運動的方向一致而導致顆粒堆積在用以過濾液體之濾材上,進而造成濾速降低或需要清洗更換;然而,本發明藉由將過濾器設置於離心轉筒中,以及質量平衡的原理,當離心轉筒轉動時,原料液會因為離心力而區分成往離心轉筒壁移動之重相流體以及朝向過濾筒移動之輕相流體,有效的避免顆粒堆積在過濾液體的路徑上,故相較於先前技術而言,本發明利用顆粒與濾液運動方向相反之過濾方式,能有效達到較高的過濾速速,且能有效延緩濾材結垢。 As described above, compared with the prior art centrifugal separator, when the particles are separated from the raw material liquid by centrifugal force, the particles are accumulated on the filter medium for filtering the liquid because the particles move in the same direction as the liquid moves, thereby causing The filtration rate is reduced or needs to be cleaned and replaced; however, the present invention is provided by the filter in the centrifugal drum and the principle of mass balance. When the centrifugal drum rotates, the raw material liquid is divided into the centrifugal drum wall by centrifugal force. The heavy phase fluid and the light phase fluid moving toward the filter cartridge effectively prevent the particles from accumulating in the path of filtering the liquid, so the present invention can effectively use the filtering method in which the particles move in the opposite direction to the filtrate in comparison with the prior art. Achieve higher filtration speed, and can effectively delay the fouling of the filter material.
本發明所採用的具體實施例,將藉由以下之實施例及圖式作進一步之說明。 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described by the following examples and drawings.
PA100‧‧‧離心分離機 PA100‧‧‧ Centrifugal Separator
PA1‧‧‧離心機本體 PA1‧‧‧ centrifuge body
PA2‧‧‧轉軸 PA2‧‧‧ shaft
PA21‧‧‧進料口 PA21‧‧‧ feed inlet
PA3‧‧‧濾網組件 PA3‧‧‧ filter components
PA200‧‧‧固體濾餅 PA200‧‧‧solid filter cake
PA300‧‧‧原料液 PA300‧‧‧ raw material liquid
100‧‧‧離心過濾機 100‧‧‧centrifugal filter
1‧‧‧離心轉筒 1‧‧‧ Centrifugal drum
11‧‧‧下固定座 11‧‧‧ lower seat
111‧‧‧液體出口 111‧‧‧Liquid outlet
12‧‧‧圓筒體 12‧‧‧Cylinder
13‧‧‧上固定座 13‧‧‧上固定座
2‧‧‧旋轉過濾器 2‧‧‧Rotary filter
21‧‧‧過濾器本體 21‧‧‧Filter body
211‧‧‧過濾筒 211‧‧‧ filter cartridge
212‧‧‧底座 212‧‧‧Base
213‧‧‧頂蓋 213‧‧‧Top cover
22‧‧‧濾液排出管 22‧‧‧Development tube
23‧‧‧原料液進料管 23‧‧‧ raw material feed tube
231‧‧‧出料口 231‧‧‧Outlet
3‧‧‧液體收集槽 3‧‧‧Liquid collection tank
S1‧‧‧容置空間 S1‧‧‧ accommodating space
S2‧‧‧濾液收集空間 S2‧‧‧ filtrate collection space
100a‧‧‧離心過濾機 100a‧‧‧centrifugal filter
1a‧‧‧離心轉筒 1a‧‧‧ Centrifugal drum
13a‧‧‧上固定座 13a‧‧‧上座
131a‧‧‧溢流口 131a‧‧‧ overflow
3a‧‧‧液體收集槽 3a‧‧‧Liquid collection tank
31a‧‧‧液體排放管 31a‧‧‧Liquid discharge pipe
32a‧‧‧上液體收集槽 32a‧‧‧Upper liquid collection tank
321a‧‧‧排放閥 321a‧‧‧Drain valve
4a‧‧‧支架 4a‧‧‧ bracket
100b‧‧‧離心過濾機 100b‧‧‧centrifugal filter
1b‧‧‧離心轉筒 1b‧‧‧ Centrifugal drum
211b‧‧‧過濾筒 211b‧‧‧Filter cartridge
24b‧‧‧螺旋刮刀 24b‧‧‧Spiral scraper
100c‧‧‧離心過濾機 100c‧‧‧centrifugal filter
2c‧‧‧旋轉過濾器 2c‧‧‧Rotary filter
211c‧‧‧過濾筒 211c‧‧‧ filter cartridge
214c‧‧‧碟盤 214c‧‧‧disc
100d‧‧‧離心過濾機 100d‧‧‧centrifugal filter
1d‧‧‧離心轉筒 1d‧‧‧ Centrifugal drum
11d‧‧‧下固定座 11d‧‧‧ lower seat
12d‧‧‧圓筒體 12d‧‧‧Cylinder
13d‧‧‧上固定座 13d‧‧‧上固定座
200‧‧‧輸送管路 200‧‧‧Transportation line
201‧‧‧入口端 201‧‧‧ entrance end
202‧‧‧出口端 202‧‧‧export end
203‧‧‧第一回流端 203‧‧‧First return end
204‧‧‧第二回流端 204‧‧‧second return end
300‧‧‧原料液儲存容器 300‧‧‧ raw material storage container
C1、C2、C3‧‧‧曲線 C1, C2, C3‧‧‧ curves
FC‧‧‧濾餅 FC‧‧‧ filter cake
P‧‧‧幫浦 P‧‧‧ pump
P1、P2‧‧‧壓力計 P1, P2‧‧‧ pressure gauge
V1‧‧‧第一回流閥 V1‧‧‧First Return Valve
V2‧‧‧流量控制閥 V2‧‧‧ flow control valve
V3‧‧‧第二回流閥 V3‧‧‧Second return valve
第一圖係為先前技術之離心分離器之結構示意圖;第二圖係本發明第一較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖;第三圖係顯示本發明第二較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖;第四圖係顯示本發明第三較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖;第五圖係顯示本發明第四較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖; 第六圖係顯示本發明第五較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖;第七圖係顯示本發明第一較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機實際運用之系統示意圖;以及第八圖係顯示先前技術之一般離心分離器與本發明之離心過濾機實際測試之時間與過濾量之數據分佈示意圖。 The first drawing is a schematic structural view of a prior art centrifugal separator; the second drawing is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal filter provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the third drawing is a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. A schematic view of the structure of the centrifugal filter provided; the fourth drawing shows the structure of the centrifugal filter provided by the third preferred embodiment of the present invention; and the fifth figure shows the centrifugal provided by the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the filter; 6 is a schematic structural view showing a centrifugal filter provided by a fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention; and a seventh is a schematic view showing a system for practical use of the centrifugal filter provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; The figure 8 shows a data distribution diagram of the time and filtration amount of the prior art general centrifugal separator and the centrifugal filter of the present invention.
請參閱第二圖,第二圖係本發明第一較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一種離心過濾機100,係用於一原料液之過濾,原料液可包含複數種顆粒(圖未標示),且離心過濾機100包含一離心轉筒1、一旋轉過濾器2以及一液體收集槽3。離心轉筒1係包含一下固定座11、一圓筒體12以及一上固定座13,下固定座11開設有複數個液體出口111(圖中僅標示一個),圓筒體12係連結於下固定座11,上固定座13係連結於圓筒體12,其中,下固定座11、圓筒體12以及上固定座13係圍構形成一容置空間S1。容置空間S1即為一般離心機之槽體,故其形狀可以為筒狀、槽狀、錐狀,或例如習知之遠心離心機、或旋風分離器之形狀,但不限於此,在實務運用上,下固定座11、圓筒體12以及上固定座13之材質例如為壓克力等質輕且硬之材質,但不限於此,而下固定座11與上固定座13之間例如是透過螺桿鎖固的方式進行連結固定(但不限於此,亦可以其他固定方式進行鎖固),進而將圓筒體 12固定於下固定座11與上固定座13之間,且液體出口111實際上是設置閥來控制排出的流量。 Please refer to the second drawing, which is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal filter provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a centrifugal filter 100 is used for filtering a raw material liquid, the raw material liquid may comprise a plurality of kinds of particles (not shown), and the centrifugal filter 100 comprises a centrifugal rotating drum 1 and a rotating filter 2 And a liquid collection tank 3. The centrifugal drum 1 comprises a lower fixing seat 11, a cylindrical body 12 and an upper fixing seat 13. The lower fixing seat 11 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets 111 (only one is shown), and the cylindrical body 12 is coupled to the lower fixing. The seat 11 and the upper mount 13 are coupled to the cylindrical body 12, wherein the lower mount 11, the cylindrical body 12 and the upper mount 13 are enclosed to form an accommodation space S1. The accommodating space S1 is a tank of a general centrifuge, so the shape thereof may be a cylindrical shape, a trough shape, a cone shape, or a shape such as a conventional telecentric centrifuge or a cyclone separator, but is not limited thereto, and is used in practice. The material of the upper and lower fixing bases 11, the cylindrical body 12 and the upper fixing seat 13 is, for example, a material such as acryl, which is light and hard, but is not limited thereto, and the lower fixing base 11 and the upper fixing base 13 are, for example, The fixing by means of screw locking (but not limited to this, it can also be locked by other fixing methods), and then the cylinder 12 is fixed between the lower holder 11 and the upper holder 13, and the liquid outlet 111 is actually provided with a valve to control the discharge flow rate.
旋轉過濾器2係可相對轉動地設置於容置空間S1中,且旋轉過濾器2包含一過濾器本體21、一濾液排出管22以及一原料液進料管23,過濾器本體21包含有一過濾筒211、一底座212以及一頂蓋213,而在實務運用上,過濾筒211是由過濾材質所構成之圓筒狀結構,但不限於此,過濾筒211亦可以為摺疊式之濾材,或是廣義之濾材。底座212係卡設於過濾筒211之底端,而頂蓋213係卡設於過濾筒211之頂端,藉以使過濾筒211之上下兩端受到底座212與頂蓋213之夾持固定,且過濾筒211並與底座212以及頂蓋213圍構出一濾液收集空間S2。 The rotary filter 2 is rotatably disposed in the accommodating space S1, and the rotary filter 2 includes a filter body 21, a filtrate discharge pipe 22, and a raw material liquid feed pipe 23, and the filter body 21 includes a filter. a cartridge 211, a base 212, and a top cover 213. In practical practice, the filter cartridge 211 is a cylindrical structure composed of a filter material, but is not limited thereto, and the filter cartridge 211 may also be a folded filter medium, or It is a generalized filter material. The base 212 is clamped to the bottom end of the filter cartridge 211, and the top cover 213 is clamped at the top end of the filter cartridge 211, so that the upper and lower ends of the filter cartridge 211 are clamped and fixed by the base 212 and the top cover 213, and filtered. The cartridge 211 and the base 212 and the top cover 213 define a filtrate collection space S2.
濾液排出管22係可轉動地穿設於離心轉筒1之下固定座11,並連結於過濾器本體21之底座212,且濾液排出管22更連通於濾液收集空間S2。其中,濾液排出管22與下固定座11之間是透過軸承進行樞接,藉以使濾液排出管22與下固定座11之間可相對地轉動。 The filtrate discharge pipe 22 is rotatably inserted through the fixing base 11 below the centrifugal drum 1, and is coupled to the base 212 of the filter body 21, and the filtrate discharge pipe 22 is further connected to the filtrate collecting space S2. The filtrate discharge pipe 22 and the lower mount 11 are pivotally connected through the bearing, so that the filtrate discharge pipe 22 and the lower mount 11 can be relatively rotated.
原料液進料管23係可轉動地穿設於離心轉筒1之上固定座13,並連結於頂蓋213,且原料液進料管23具有複數個出料口231(圖中僅標示一個),而出料口231係連通於容置空間S1,藉以使原料液可經由原料液進料管23進入容置空間S1中。其中,原料液進料管23與上固定座13之間是透過軸承進行樞接,藉以使原料液進料管23與上固定座13之間可相對地轉動。 The raw material liquid feeding pipe 23 is rotatably inserted through the fixing seat 13 on the centrifugal rotating drum 1, and is connected to the top cover 213, and the raw material liquid feeding pipe 23 has a plurality of discharging ports 231 (only one is shown in the figure) The discharge port 231 is connected to the accommodating space S1, so that the raw material liquid can enter the accommodating space S1 via the raw material liquid supply pipe 23. The raw material liquid feed pipe 23 and the upper fixed seat 13 are pivotally connected through the bearing, so that the raw material liquid feed pipe 23 and the upper fixed seat 13 can be relatively rotated.
液體收集槽3是套設於離心轉筒1外,而離心轉筒1係可轉動地設置於液體收集槽3中。 The liquid collecting tank 3 is sleeved outside the centrifugal drum 1, and the centrifugal drum 1 is rotatably disposed in the liquid collecting tank 3.
如上所述,在實務運用上,當原料液由原料液進料管23持續經由出料口231進入容置空間S1時,且控制進料量稍大於由過濾筒211濾出的液體量,使用者可以藉由離心轉筒1或旋轉過濾器2的轉動,帶動容置於容置空間S1內的原料液轉動而產生渦流,此時原料液會因為離心力的產生而大致形成一甩向離心轉筒1之重相流體與一逼近過濾筒211之輕相流體,而重相流體即為受離心力影響較大的流體(含顆粒),輕相流體則為受離心力影響較小的流體,而被甩向圓筒體12的重相流體會往下沉降而由下固定座11之液體出口111以液體的形式排出至液體收集槽3中,即形成含有大量重顆粒之混濁液體,液體出口111可設定為操作達一定時間才開啟;此外,當原料液進入容置空間S1的流量大於等於濾液自濾液排出管22排出的流量時,會使輕相流體逼近過濾筒211,進而迫使輕相流體通過過濾筒211而在濾液收集空間S2中產生澄清的濾液,而濾液更可由濾液排出管22排出。當然也可設定為當原料液進入容置空間S1的流量大於等於液體自液體出口111排出的流量以及由過濾筒211濾出的液體量的總和時,會使輕相流體逼近過濾筒211,進而迫使輕相流體通過過濾筒211而在濾液收集空間S2中產生澄清的濾液,而濾液更可由濾液排出管22排出。 As described above, in practice, when the raw material liquid is continuously fed from the raw material liquid feed pipe 23 into the accommodating space S1 via the discharge port 231, and the amount of the controlled feed is slightly larger than the amount of the liquid filtered by the filter cartridge 211, By rotating the centrifugal drum 1 or the rotary filter 2, the raw material liquid accommodated in the accommodating space S1 is rotated to generate eddy current, and the raw material liquid is roughly formed into a centrifugal direction due to the centrifugal force. The heavy phase fluid of the cylinder 1 and the light phase fluid approaching the filter cartridge 211, while the heavy phase fluid is a fluid (containing particles) which is greatly affected by the centrifugal force, and the light phase fluid is a fluid which is less affected by the centrifugal force, and is The heavy-phase fluid that is directed toward the cylindrical body 12 is settled downward and is discharged into the liquid collecting tank 3 by the liquid outlet 111 of the lower fixing seat 11 in the form of a liquid, that is, a turbid liquid containing a large amount of heavy particles is formed, and the liquid outlet 111 can be It is set to operate for a certain period of time; in addition, when the flow rate of the raw material liquid into the accommodating space S1 is greater than or equal to the flow rate of the filtrate discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 22, the light phase fluid is brought close to the filter cartridge 211, thereby forcing the light phase fluid to pass. The filter cartridge 211 and the filtrate collection space S2 to produce a clear filtrate, the filtrate may be discharged more filtrate discharge pipe 22. It is of course also possible to set the light phase fluid to approach the filter cartridge 211 when the flow rate of the raw material liquid into the accommodating space S1 is greater than or equal to the sum of the flow rate of the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet 111 and the amount of liquid filtered by the filter cartridge 211. The light phase fluid is forced through the filter cartridge 211 to produce a clear filtrate in the filtrate collection space S2, and the filtrate is more discharged from the filtrate discharge pipe 22.
此外,關於上述之離心轉筒1或旋轉過濾器 2的轉動,由於旋轉過濾器2分別連接有濾液排出管22與原料液進料管23,因此可以透過濾液排出管22與原料液進料管23連結驅動馬達來帶動旋轉過濾器2轉動,或者將離心轉筒1直接連結於驅動馬達來驅使離心轉筒1轉動;其中,使用者可以依據實際上的需求去控制離心轉筒1或旋轉過濾器2是否為相對同向轉動或相對反向轉動等,進而使原料液在容置空間S1內的渦流流速增加,相對的增加過濾的效率,旋轉過濾器2的轉動當然帶動過濾筒211的轉動,此轉動造成的剪力,可使粒子不易附著在過濾筒211的表面,而延緩結垢,進而提升濾速。 Further, regarding the above-mentioned centrifugal drum 1 or the rotary filter Since the rotary filter 2 is connected to the filtrate discharge pipe 22 and the raw material liquid feed pipe 23, the filter discharge pipe 22 and the raw material liquid feed pipe 23 can be coupled to the drive motor to drive the rotary filter 2 to rotate, or The centrifugal drum 1 is directly coupled to the driving motor to drive the centrifugal rotating drum 1 to rotate; wherein the user can control whether the centrifugal rotating drum 1 or the rotating filter 2 is rotated in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction according to actual requirements. Then, the vortex flow rate of the raw material liquid in the accommodating space S1 is increased, and the efficiency of the filtration is relatively increased. The rotation of the rotary filter 2 naturally drives the rotation of the filter cartridge 211, and the shearing force caused by the rotation makes the particles less likely to adhere. At the surface of the filter cartridge 211, the fouling is retarded, thereby increasing the filtration rate.
請參閱第三圖,第三圖係顯示本發明第二較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一離心過濾機100a與上述之離心過濾機100相似,其差異主要在於,離心過濾機100a更包含一支架4a,而支架4a是用以支撐一與上述液體收集槽3相似之液體收集槽3a,且液體收集槽3a更包含一液體排放管31a與一上液體收集槽32a,其中,當液體收集槽3a收集到由離心轉筒1a所離心分離出的液體時,是藉由液體排放管31a將液體引流出。另外,上液體收集槽32a是設置於上固定座13a,且上固定座13a開設有複數個連通於容置空間(圖未標示)之溢流口131a,上液體收集槽32a係用以收集由溢流口131a所溢流出的次輕流體,且上液體收集槽32a更設有一排放閥321a,用以控制次輕液體的排放量。 Please refer to the third drawing, which is a schematic view showing the structure of the centrifugal filter provided by the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a centrifugal filter 100a is similar to the above-described centrifugal filter 100, and the difference is mainly that the centrifugal filter 100a further includes a bracket 4a for supporting a liquid collection tank 3 similar to the above. The liquid collecting tank 3a further includes a liquid discharge pipe 31a and an upper liquid collecting tank 32a, wherein when the liquid collecting tank 3a collects the liquid centrifugally separated by the centrifugal drum 1a, The liquid discharge pipe 31a guides the liquid out. In addition, the upper liquid collecting groove 32a is disposed on the upper fixing seat 13a, and the upper fixing seat 13a is provided with a plurality of overflow ports 131a communicating with the accommodating space (not shown), and the upper liquid collecting groove 32a is used for collecting The sub-light fluid overflowed from the overflow port 131a, and the upper liquid collecting tank 32a is further provided with a discharge valve 321a for controlling the discharge amount of the sub-light liquid.
請參閱第二圖與第四圖,第四圖係顯示本 發明第三較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一離心過濾機100b與上述之離心過濾機100相似,其差異僅在於,一離心轉筒1b更包含有一螺旋刮刀24b,而螺旋刮刀24b是在其所包含之一過濾筒211b外,藉以在過濾筒211b轉動時,透過設置於其外的螺旋刮刀24b來刮除堆積於圓筒體12b內壁之顆粒。 Please refer to the second and fourth figures. The fourth picture shows the present A schematic structural view of a centrifugal filter provided by the third preferred embodiment of the invention. As shown, a centrifugal filter 100b is similar to the centrifugal filter 100 described above, except that a centrifugal drum 1b further includes a spiral scraper 24b, and the spiral scraper 24b is a filter cartridge 211b included therein. Further, when the filter cartridge 211b is rotated, the particles accumulated on the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12b are scraped off by the spiral scraper 24b provided outside.
請參閱第二圖與第五圖,第五圖係顯示本發明第四較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一離心過濾機100c與上述之離心過濾機100相似,其差異僅在於,一旋轉過濾器2c之過濾器本體(圖未標示)相較於上述之過濾器本體21更包含複數個碟盤214c,而碟盤214c是分別由過濾筒211c一體成型地向外向下延伸出,意即碟盤214c與過濾筒211c同樣為濾材,藉此,當過濾器本體轉動時,會帶動碟盤214c轉動,進而加速原料液的過濾。 Please refer to the second and fifth figures. The fifth figure shows the structure of the centrifugal filter provided by the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a centrifugal filter 100c is similar to the centrifugal filter 100 described above, except that the filter body (not shown) of a rotary filter 2c contains plural numbers more than the filter body 21 described above. a disc 214c, and the disc 214c is integrally formed outwardly and downwardly from the filter cartridge 211c, that is, the disc 214c and the filter cartridge 211c are the same filter material, thereby driving the disc when the filter body rotates. The disk 214c is rotated to accelerate the filtration of the raw material liquid.
請參閱第六圖,第六圖係顯示本發明第五較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機之結構示意圖。如圖所示,一種離心過濾機100d包含一離心轉筒1d、旋轉過濾器2以及液體收集槽3。其中,離心過濾機100d與上述之離心過濾機100相似,其差異主要在於離心過濾機100d是以離心轉筒1d取代上述之離心轉筒1,而離心轉筒1d包含一下固定座11d、一圓筒體12d以及一上固定座13d,圓筒體12d係固設於下固定座11d與上固定座13d之間,且在本實施例中,圓筒體12d是具有過濾功能的過濾圓筒體。在實際運用上,圓 筒體12d可以是含有過濾材質的結構,或是由過濾材質所構成的結構。 Please refer to the sixth drawing, which is a schematic view showing the structure of the centrifugal filter provided by the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a centrifugal filter 100d includes a centrifugal drum 1d, a rotary filter 2, and a liquid collection tank 3. The centrifugal filter 100d is similar to the centrifugal filter 100 described above, and the difference is mainly that the centrifugal filter 100d replaces the centrifugal drum 1 with the centrifugal rotating drum 1d, and the centrifugal rotating drum 1d includes a lower fixing seat 11d and a cylinder. The body 12d and an upper fixing seat 13d are fixed between the lower fixing seat 11d and the upper fixing seat 13d. In the present embodiment, the cylindrical body 12d is a filtering cylindrical body having a filtering function. In practical use, the circle The tubular body 12d may be a structure containing a filter material or a structure made of a filter material.
承上所述,在原料液經由原料液進料管23進入下固定座11d、圓筒體12d與上固定座13d所圍構出的容置空間(圖未標示)後,當離心轉筒1d或旋轉過濾器2因轉動而帶動原料液轉動並因為離心力產生甩向圓筒體12d之重相流體與逼近過濾筒211之輕相流體時,除了輕相流體會因為通過過濾筒211而過濾出濾液,甩向圓筒體12d的重相流體也會因為圓筒體12d為具有過濾功能的過濾圓筒體而濾出濾液至液體收集槽3中,且重相流體所含有的顆粒也會在圓筒體12d之內壁上堆積形成一濾餅FC,如此一來,本實施例所提供之離心過濾機100d不僅可以透過旋轉過濾器2之過濾筒211來使濾液穩定的產出,更可透過具有過濾功能之圓筒體12d來增加濾液的產出量,且能有效的收集濾餅FC,且該濾餅因受離心力作用時間較久其固含量較高。 As described above, after the raw material liquid enters the accommodating space (not shown) surrounded by the lower fixing seat 11d, the cylindrical body 12d and the upper fixing seat 13d via the raw material liquid feeding tube 23, when the centrifugal rotating drum 1d Or the rotating filter 2 drives the raw material liquid to rotate due to the rotation and generates a light phase fluid which is directed toward the cylindrical body 12d and the light phase fluid approaching the filter cartridge 211 due to the centrifugal force, except that the light phase fluid is filtered out through the filter cartridge 211. The filtrate, the heavy phase fluid that is turned toward the cylindrical body 12d, also filters out the filtrate into the liquid collecting tank 3 because the cylindrical body 12d is a filtering cylindrical body having a filtering function, and the particles contained in the heavy phase fluid are also A filter cake FC is formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12d. Thus, the centrifugal filter 100d provided in the embodiment can pass through the filter cartridge 211 of the rotary filter 2 to stably produce the filtrate. The output of the filtrate is increased by the cylindrical body 12d having a filtering function, and the filter cake FC can be efficiently collected, and the filter cake has a high solid content due to the centrifugal force for a long time.
請參閱第二圖與第七圖,第七圖係顯示本發明第一較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機實際運用之系統示意圖。如圖所示,本發明之離心過濾機100的操作方法首先是建立一輸送管路200,使一儲存有原料液之原料液儲存容器300可經由輸送管路200連通至離心轉筒1之容置空間S1。其中,輸送管路200具有連通之一入口端201、一出口端202、一第一回流端203與一第二回流端204,入口端201是連通於原料液儲存容器300之底部,而出口端202是連通於離心過濾機100之原料液進料管23,第一回流端203與第 二回流端204是連通於原料液儲存容器300之頂部。 Please refer to the second and seventh figures, which are schematic diagrams showing the actual operation of the centrifugal filter provided by the first preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the operation method of the centrifugal filter 100 of the present invention firstly establishes a delivery line 200, so that a raw material liquid storage container 300 storing the raw material liquid can be connected to the centrifuge drum 1 via the delivery line 200. Set space S1. The delivery line 200 has an inlet end 201, an outlet end 202, a first reflow end 203 and a second reflow end 204. The inlet end 201 is connected to the bottom of the raw material liquid storage container 300, and the outlet end. 202 is a raw material liquid feed pipe 23 connected to the centrifugal filter 100, and the first return end 203 and the first The second return end 204 is in communication with the top of the stock solution storage container 300.
利用一幫浦P將儲存於原料液儲存容器300之原料液送入並充滿容置空間S1;其中,幫浦P是鄰近於入口端201地設置於輸送管路200之入口端201與出口端202之間,且入口端201與第一回流端203之間更設有一第一回流閥V1,入口端201與出口端202之間更設有一流量控制閥V2,入口端201與第二回流端204之間更設有一第二回流閥V3,而流量控制閥V2之兩側更設有二壓力計P1與P2。 The raw material liquid stored in the raw material liquid storage container 300 is fed into the accommodating space S1 by a pump P; wherein the pump P is disposed adjacent to the inlet end 201 at the inlet end 201 and the outlet end of the delivery line 200. A first return valve V1 is further disposed between the inlet end 201 and the first return end 203, and a flow control valve V2 is further disposed between the inlet end 201 and the outlet end 202. The inlet end 201 and the second return end are further disposed. A second return valve V3 is further disposed between the 204, and two pressure gauges P1 and P2 are further disposed on both sides of the flow control valve V2.
容置空間S1充滿原料液並驅動離心轉筒1與旋轉過濾器2其中至少一者轉動,使容置於容置空間S1之原料液受到帶動而產生渦流,進而形成重相流體與輕相流體,使輕相流體經過過濾筒211過濾出濾液;其中,使用者更可以記錄濾液的濾出流量,並在液體出口111開啟的連續操作時,控制原料液進入容置空間S1的流量大於濾液濾出流量與液體排出量的和,而在液體出口111關閉的批次操作時,控制原料液進入容置空間S1的流量大於濾液濾出流量。 The accommodating space S1 is filled with the raw material liquid and drives at least one of the centrifugal drum 1 and the rotary filter 2 to rotate, so that the raw material liquid accommodated in the accommodating space S1 is driven to generate eddy current, thereby forming a heavy phase fluid and a light phase fluid. The light phase fluid is filtered through the filter cartridge 211 to filter out the filtrate; wherein, the user can record the filtrate flow rate of the filtrate, and when the liquid outlet 111 is opened continuously, the flow rate of the raw material liquid into the accommodating space S1 is controlled to be larger than the filtrate filter. The sum of the discharge flow rate and the liquid discharge amount, and when the liquid outlet 111 is closed, the flow rate of controlling the raw material liquid into the accommodating space S1 is larger than the filtrate filtration flow rate.
承上所述,在實際操作的一開始時,第一回流閥V1、流量控制閥V2與第二回流閥V3皆保持全開;而當離心轉筒1與旋轉過濾器2其中至少一者轉動開始時,使用者更可以調整第一回流閥V1的流量,並觀察壓力計P1的壓力值,使原料液進入容置空間S1的壓力達到預設的壓力值,而此壓力值主要是與離心過濾機100的過濾速度有關,在一定的壓力控制範圍內,當壓力增加時,可以加速 離心過濾機100的過濾速度。此外,在容置空間S1充滿原料液後,使用者更可以藉由第二回流閥V3的開通控制來使容置空間S1內殘餘的空氣排出。 As described above, at the beginning of the actual operation, the first return valve V1, the flow control valve V2 and the second return valve V3 remain fully open; and when at least one of the centrifugal drum 1 and the rotary filter 2 starts rotating When the user can adjust the flow rate of the first return valve V1, and observe the pressure value of the pressure gauge P1, the pressure of the raw material liquid into the accommodating space S1 reaches a preset pressure value, and the pressure value is mainly related to centrifugal filtration. The filtration speed of the machine 100 is related, and within a certain pressure control range, when the pressure is increased, it can be accelerated. The filtration rate of the centrifugal filter 100. In addition, after the accommodating space S1 is filled with the raw material liquid, the user can discharge the residual air in the accommodating space S1 by the opening control of the second return valve V3.
請參閱第八圖,第八圖係顯示先前技術之一般過濾器與本發明之離心過濾機實際測試之時間與濾通量之數據分佈示意圖。如圖所示,先前技術之一般過濾器與本發明之離心過濾機(如上述第一較佳實施例所提供之離心過濾機100),在濾材與原料液(含0.3wt%,37-44微米的碳化矽顆粒)相同的情況下進行實驗測試約一小時,可以得到如第八圖所示之數據分佈,其中曲線C3表示為使用先前技術之一般過濾器進行測試後所得到的濾通量數據分佈,而曲線C2表示為使用本發明之離心過濾機進行測試後所得到的濾通量數據分佈;此外,曲線C1是表示使用清水進行過濾測試所得之濾通量數據分佈。 Please refer to the eighth figure. The eighth figure shows the data distribution of the time and filter flux of the prior art general filter and the centrifugal filter of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the prior art general filter and the centrifugal filter of the present invention (such as the centrifugal filter 100 provided in the first preferred embodiment described above), in the filter medium and the raw material liquid (containing 0.3 wt%, 37-44) The micron-sized niobium carbide particles are subjected to an experimental test for about one hour under the same conditions, and a data distribution as shown in the eighth graph can be obtained, wherein the curve C3 represents the filtrate flux obtained after testing using the prior art general filter. The data distribution is shown, and the curve C2 indicates the distribution of the filtration flux data obtained after the test using the centrifugal filter of the present invention; in addition, the curve C1 is the distribution of the filtration flux data obtained by the filtration test using fresh water.
承上所述,在對清水進行過濾測試一小時後,可以由曲線C1得知其濾通量(Filtrate Flux)約為200LPH(L/m2-hr-bar),此為使用該濾材之最大通量,因為是對清水進行過濾,而先前技術之一般過濾器在對原料液進行過濾測試一小時後,可以由曲線C3得知其過濾通量降為約75LPH,此乃因顆粒開始堆積於濾材上,相較於此,以本發明之離心過濾機100在對原料液進行過濾測試一小時後,可以由曲線C2得知其過濾通量約為150LPH,由此可以明顯得知,在相同濾材與相同的操作條件下,本發明之離心過濾機的濾速約為一般過濾器濾速的兩倍。此外,當 操作的時間再增加時,先前技術之一般過濾器更有可能因為濾餅厚度的增加而需要停機清除,然而本發明之離心過濾機的過濾不僅可以極大程度減少濾餅的影響,更可以透過將濾渣排出而連續操作不需停機。 According to the above, after filtering the water for one hour, the filter flux (Filtrate Flux) can be known from the curve C1 to be about 200 LPH (L/m 2 -hr-bar), which is the maximum using the filter material. Flux, because it is filtering the clean water, and the general filter of the prior art after filtering the raw material liquid for one hour, can be seen from the curve C3 that the filtration flux is reduced to about 75 LPH, because the particles begin to accumulate in the particle. On the filter medium, compared with this, after the filtration test of the raw material liquid by the centrifugal filter 100 of the present invention for one hour, the filtration flux can be known from the curve C2 to be about 150 LPH, which can be clearly known that the same The filtration rate of the centrifugal filter of the present invention is about twice the filtration rate of a typical filter under the same operating conditions. In addition, when the operation time is increased, the prior art general filter is more likely to require shutdown to be removed due to the increase in the thickness of the filter cake. However, the filtration of the centrifugal filter of the present invention not only greatly reduces the influence of the filter cake, but also It can be operated continuously by discharging the filter residue without stopping the machine.
綜上所述,相較於先前技術之離心分離機是利用離心力來使顆粒等雜質由原料液中分離出,然而基本上顆粒與液體運動的方向是一致的,導致顆粒堆積在離心濾材上,因此造成濾速降低或需要清洗更換;然而,本發明是藉由將過濾器設置於離心轉筒中,甚至讓過濾器可以轉動,藉由離心轉筒的轉動產生離心力讓重相流體(含顆粒)往離心轉筒壁運動,而藉由進料量稍大於或等於出料量之操作,讓輕相流體(甚至幾乎不含顆粒)往相反方向,亦即過濾筒運動,藉由過濾筒之過濾而於濾液收集空間濾出一濾液,使濾液經由濾液排出管排出離心過濾機,故相較於先前技術而言,本發明之主要技術特徵與傳統過濾技術相比,既不是dead end過濾(濾餅過濾),亦非掃流過濾,乃是顆粒與濾液運動方向相反之過濾方式,因而能達成較高濾速與延緩濾材結垢之要求。 In summary, compared with the centrifugal centrifuge of the prior art, centrifugal force is used to separate impurities such as particles from the raw material liquid, but basically the direction of movement of the particles and the liquid is consistent, causing the particles to accumulate on the centrifugal filter. Therefore, the filtration speed is lowered or the cleaning is required to be replaced; however, the present invention allows the heavy phase fluid (containing particles) to be generated by the centrifugal force of the centrifugal drum by placing the filter in the centrifugal drum and even allowing the filter to rotate. Moving toward the wall of the centrifuge drum, and by the operation of the feed amount slightly larger than or equal to the discharge amount, the light phase fluid (even almost no particles) is moved in the opposite direction, that is, the filter cartridge is moved, and filtered by the filter cartridge. The filtrate is filtered out in the filtrate collection space, and the filtrate is discharged through the filtrate discharge pipe to the centrifugal filter. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the main technical features of the present invention are neither dead end filtration nor filtration. Cake filtration), also non-sweep filtration, is a filtration method in which the particles move in the opposite direction to the filtrate, thus achieving higher filtration rates and delaying filter fouling.
此外,由於本發明是將旋轉過濾器設置於離心轉筒中,因此配合離心轉筒或旋轉過濾器的轉動而產生的渦流時,粒徑較大且較重的顆粒會因為離心力的關係而往離心轉筒的內壁移動,而不會阻塞在旋轉過濾器表面上,使得原料液可以有效的持續透過旋轉過濾器進行過濾,也因此可以有效的增加使用時間,而不需經常清洗或 汰換旋轉過濾器之過濾筒,有效的維持最大的過濾速度,致使本發明不僅可以應用於批式操作,更可應用於連續操作。 In addition, since the present invention is to arrange the rotary filter in the centrifugal drum, when the eddy current generated by the rotation of the centrifugal drum or the rotary filter is combined, the larger and heavier particles will be centrifuged due to the centrifugal force. The inner wall of the drum moves without blocking on the surface of the rotating filter, so that the raw material liquid can be effectively filtered through the rotary filter, thereby effectively increasing the use time without frequent cleaning or The filter cartridge of the rotary filter is eliminated, and the maximum filtration speed is effectively maintained, so that the present invention can be applied not only to the batch operation but also to the continuous operation.
再者,由於本發明更設有液體收集槽,因此可以用來收集自液體出口排出而富含顆粒之液體,甚至設有上液體收集槽來使原料液可分級分離過濾。 Furthermore, since the present invention is further provided with a liquid collecting tank, it can be used to collect the liquid which is discharged from the liquid outlet and rich in particles, and even has an upper liquid collecting tank to enable the raw material liquid to be fractionally separated and filtered.
此外,習知之離心分離機在進行過濾時,容易因顆粒堆積於濾材上而導致濾速降低,然而本發明之離心過濾機在進行離心過濾時,由以上敘述可知,最完美的情況是離心力足夠大,所有顆粒均向離心轉筒之圓筒體的筒壁移動;然而若離心力不足,仍會有少數顆粒堆積於過濾器本體上,而此時濾速仍會緩慢降低,因此使用者更可在濾液排出管之濾液出口處設一流量感測器,以隨著濾液流量的減少來相對應的減少原料液的進料通量。例如以第八圖之曲線C2為例,操作至2000秒時,濾速約為200LPH,操作至3000秒時,濾速約為170LPH,降了30LPH,故可於3000秒時將進料量調低30LPH。 In addition, when the centrifugal separator is subjected to filtration, the filtration rate is likely to be lowered due to the accumulation of particles on the filter medium. However, when the centrifugal filter of the present invention performs centrifugal filtration, it is known from the above that the most perfect condition is that the centrifugal force is sufficient. Large, all particles move to the cylinder wall of the cylinder of the centrifugal drum; however, if the centrifugal force is insufficient, there will still be a small amount of particles accumulated on the filter body, and the filtration speed will still slowly decrease, so the user can A flow sensor is disposed at the filtrate outlet of the filtrate discharge pipe to correspondingly reduce the feed flux of the raw material liquid as the filtrate flow rate decreases. For example, taking the curve C2 of the eighth figure as an example, when the operation is 2000 seconds, the filtration speed is about 200 LPH, and when the operation is 3000 seconds, the filtration speed is about 170 LPH, which is reduced by 30 LPH, so the feed amount can be adjusted at 3000 seconds. Low 30LPH.
在實務運用上,本發明例如可以應用於晶圓切削研磨等程序,由於晶圓主要構成元素為Si,因此常使用SiC作為研磨砥粒,並使用如PEG(聚乙二醇)等有機溶劑,而為了節省成本,通常會回收有機溶劑,因此當含有SiC與Si的PEG進入本發明之離心過濾機時,最重的SiC粒子會因為離心力而甩至圓筒體之內壁,並由液體出口排出,而次重的Si粒子而會由溢流出口排出,而最輕的有機 溶劑PEG則會經由過濾筒的過濾而在濾液收集空間中得到澄清的濾液,有效的回收有機溶劑,進而大幅的降低成本;其中,為了避免SiC粒子堆積在圓筒體之內壁上,更可將螺旋刮刀設置於旋轉過濾器上,進而透過旋轉刮刀將堆積於圓筒體之內壁上的SiC粒子刮除而排出。 In practical practice, the present invention can be applied, for example, to a process such as wafer cutting and polishing. Since the main constituent element of the wafer is Si, SiC is often used as the abrasive particles, and an organic solvent such as PEG (polyethylene glycol) is used. In order to save costs, the organic solvent is usually recovered. Therefore, when the PEG containing SiC and Si enters the centrifugal filter of the present invention, the heaviest SiC particles are smashed to the inner wall of the cylinder due to centrifugal force, and are discharged from the liquid. Discharge, and the second heavy Si particles will be discharged by the overflow outlet, and the lightest organic The solvent PEG is filtered through the filter cartridge to obtain a clear filtrate in the filtrate collection space, and the organic solvent is effectively recovered, thereby greatly reducing the cost; in order to prevent the SiC particles from accumulating on the inner wall of the cylindrical body, The spiral scraper is placed on the rotary filter, and the SiC particles deposited on the inner wall of the cylindrical body are scraped off by a rotary scraper to be discharged.
以上敘述雖是針對液體過濾,然熟悉此技藝之人士可輕易應用上述揭露之技術於氣體過濾之應用。 Although the above description is directed to liquid filtration, those skilled in the art can readily apply the above disclosed techniques to gas filtration applications.
藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述,係希望能更加清楚描述本發明之特徵與精神,而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實施例來對本發明之範疇加以限制。相反地,其目的是希望能涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本發明所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇內。 The features and spirit of the present invention will be more apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover various modifications and equivalents within the scope of the invention as claimed.
100‧‧‧離心過濾機 100‧‧‧centrifugal filter
1‧‧‧離心轉筒 1‧‧‧ Centrifugal drum
11‧‧‧下固定座 11‧‧‧ lower seat
111‧‧‧液體出口 111‧‧‧Liquid outlet
12‧‧‧圓筒體 12‧‧‧Cylinder
13‧‧‧上固定座 13‧‧‧上固定座
2‧‧‧旋轉過濾器 2‧‧‧Rotary filter
21‧‧‧過濾器本體 21‧‧‧Filter body
211‧‧‧過濾筒 211‧‧‧ filter cartridge
212‧‧‧底座 212‧‧‧Base
213‧‧‧頂蓋 213‧‧‧Top cover
22‧‧‧濾液排出管 22‧‧‧Development tube
23‧‧‧原料液進料管 23‧‧‧ raw material feed tube
231‧‧‧出料口 231‧‧‧Outlet
3‧‧‧液體收集槽 3‧‧‧Liquid collection tank
S1‧‧‧容置空間 S1‧‧‧ accommodating space
S2‧‧‧濾液收集空間 S2‧‧‧ filtrate collection space
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW105114163A TWI577437B (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2016-05-06 | Centrifugal filtering device and operation method thereof |
US15/198,866 US20170001203A1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-06-30 | Centrifugal filtering device and method for operating the same |
DE102016112112.6A DE102016112112B4 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2016-07-01 | centrifugal filter device |
CN201610654580.5A CN107344145B (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-11 | Centrifugal filter and operation method thereof |
JP2016173942A JP6374925B2 (en) | 2016-05-06 | 2016-09-06 | Centrifugal filtration equipment |
US16/391,023 US10562040B2 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2019-04-22 | Centrifugal filtering device and method for operating the same |
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TW201739498A (en) | 2017-11-16 |
JP2017200690A (en) | 2017-11-09 |
JP6374925B2 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
CN107344145A (en) | 2017-11-14 |
CN107344145B (en) | 2019-06-14 |
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