CN113165329A - 具有高耐化学性的聚氨酯粘合剂 - Google Patents
具有高耐化学性的聚氨酯粘合剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113165329A CN113165329A CN201980077393.7A CN201980077393A CN113165329A CN 113165329 A CN113165329 A CN 113165329A CN 201980077393 A CN201980077393 A CN 201980077393A CN 113165329 A CN113165329 A CN 113165329A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive composition
- polyether
- adhesive
- diisocyanate
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-isocyanatopropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)(C)N=C=O NNOZGCICXAYKLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCN=C=O DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940083957 1,2-butanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- XXKOQQBKBHUATC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylmethylcyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1CC1CCCCC1 XXKOQQBKBHUATC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 10
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 cyclic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 235000021485 packed food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013701 VORANOL™ Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GFNDFCFPJQPVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,12-diisocyanatododecane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCCCCCCCN=C=O GFNDFCFPJQPVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatoethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCN=C=O ZTNJGMFHJYGMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,2,4-trimethylhexane Chemical class O=C=NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN=C=O ATOUXIOKEJWULN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane Chemical class O=C=NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN=C=O QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZDIRINETBAVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methylcyclohexane Chemical class CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1N=C=O VZDIRINETBAVAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phosphonobutylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCP(O)(O)=O JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [cyclohexyl(diisocyanato)methyl]cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C(N=C=O)(N=C=O)C1CCCCC1 KXBFLNPZHXDQLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009459 flexible packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH3] ARYZCSRUUPFYMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006561 solvent free reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/4825—Polyethers containing two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
- C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
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- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B2037/1253—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives curable adhesive
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- B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
本发明涉及氨基甲酸酯基密度为每摩尔聚醚2至10个氨基甲酸酯基的聚醚,包含该聚醚和至少一种NCO封端的化合物的聚氨酯(PU)粘合剂,以及该聚氨酯粘合剂用于生产包装、特别是食品包装的用途。
Description
本发明涉及氨基甲酸酯基密度为每摩尔聚醚2至10个氨基甲酸酯基的聚醚,包含该聚醚和至少一种NCO封端的化合物的聚氨酯(PU)粘合剂,以及该聚氨酯粘合剂用于生产包装、特别是食品包装的用途。
聚氨酯粘合剂具有广泛的应用,特别是在食品包装领域中通常使用的软包装的制造中。特别是在对复合材料有很高要求的情况下,聚酯基聚氨酯胶粘剂不再是不能的。除经受高水平的化学和热应力之外,用于生产食品包装的粘合剂还必须符合一系列区域不同的食品法规规范,例如美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)规定的规范或欧洲有关塑料材料的法规EC10/2011中规定的规范。
除法律法规导致的限制之外,还必须考虑由包装食品的重量引起的机械应力,此外,所使用的材料还会受到包装食品本身或其成分的侵蚀。结果,由于成分的侵蚀特性和要包装的数量,在动物食品例如特别是湿食品领域中,生产稳定的包装会存在很大的困难。
US 5,096,980描述了聚氨酯/粘合剂组合物,其相对于待包装或装入的内容物以及相对于沸水具有优异的粘合性质。该要求保护的组合物包含有机多异氰酸酯、多元醇、0.01-10wt.%的磷的含氧酸或其衍生物、9.91-20wt.%的羧酸或其酸酐,和0.1-50wt.%的环氧树脂。
EP 1 983 011涉及一种用于收缩包裹产品的层压粘合剂的制备方法,其中制备了包含50-98wt.%的羟值为50至350且羟基官能度为2至3的羟基封端的聚酯、1-30wt.%的环氧当量为500至4000的环氧树脂、和1-20wt.%的含有C1-C4烷氧基的有机烷氧基硅烷的混合物,并在100-150℃的温度下加热所述混合物,直到环氧树脂基本上完全溶解。随后,为了制备第一组分,在小于13kPa的压力下将C1-C4醇蒸发至小于0.4wt.%的C1-C4醇残余含量,并且提供第二组分,其包含具有1.8-4的异氰酸酯官能度的多官能异氰酸酯,相对于第一组分,第二组分以NCO/OH基团的摩尔比为0.9:1至3:1存在。鉴于当前的食品法规规定,在用于食品的包装中使用环氧树脂应被严肃审视,因为至少一些所述化合物具有健康风险。
WO 2006/026670公开了用于高温层压体的粘合剂,其包含至少一种具有至少两个异氰酸酯基的聚酯氨基甲酸酯,该聚酯氨基甲酸酯是通过使一种或多种羟基官能的聚酯1与脂族二异氰酸酯反应以及与一种或多种羟基官能的聚酯2反应来获得的,该聚酯1具有3000至7000g/mol的数均分子量Mn,该聚酯2具有700至2000g/mol的数均分子量Mn,并且该脂族二异氰酸酯具有110至300g/mol的数均分子量Mn,并且一种或多种支化的羟基官能的聚酯具有1000至3500g/mol的数均分子量Mn。
为了能够满足对粘合剂的机械性能和粘合效果的严格要求,通常使用基于聚酯多元醇的聚氨酯粘合剂。然而,所述粘合剂是不利的,因为它们部分地形成"可迁移的"化合物,如环状酯,不能防止这些化合物迁移到包装食品中。所述可迁移的化合物是有问题的,因为它们至少部分对健康有潜在危害。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种粘合剂组合物,其不含这种可迁移的化合物并且同时经受得起食品包装领域中遇到的高机械、化学和热应力。
令人惊讶地发现,该目的是通过基于聚氨酯的粘合剂组合物来实现,其中使用包含每摩尔聚醚至少一个氨基甲酸酯基的聚醚。因此,本发明首先涉及氨基甲酸酯基密度为每摩尔聚醚2至10、优选3至7、更优选3至5个氨基甲酸酯基的聚醚。
在本发明的含义内,氨基甲酸酯单元应理解为聚合物中的具有化学结构-NH-(CO)-O-的重复单元。在这种情况下,氨基甲酸酯单元的数量理论上可以使用下式来确定:
100g批料中的异氰酸酯的摩尔分数可用于确定组合物中氨基甲酸酯单元的数量。
令人惊讶地发现,当氨基甲酸酯单元的数量在所示范围内时,得到聚醚,其在粘合剂组合物中的使用导致得到的组合物获得了良好的粘合性,即使在长时间的储存和灭菌之后也可以保持这种粘合性。在一个优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的聚醚通过使多元醇与异氰酸酯组分反应来制备。
对异氰酸酯组分没有其他要求。然而,已发现将脂族异氰酸酯组分用作制备根据本发明的聚醚的异氰酸酯组分是特别有利的。因此,在优选的实施方式中,异氰酸酯组分选自异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二异氰酸酯二环己基甲烷(H12MDI)、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯(PDI)以及所述化合物的衍生物和混合物。在特别优选的实施方式中,异氰酸酯组分为异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和/或六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)。
在进一步优选的实施方式中,用于制备根据本发明的聚醚的多元醇由选自乙二醇、二乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇和它们的混合物中的单体来合成。在优选的实施方式中,聚醚为二乙二醇。
在优选的实施方式中,聚醚具有不大于260mg KOH/g的羟值。特别优选如下实施方式,其中聚醚具有1至260mg KOH/g、优选5至120mg KOH/g、特别优选10至50mg KOH/g的羟值。在本发明的含义内,羟值(OH值)是聚醚中羟基含量的量度,并且被指定为与在将一克物质乙酰化期间结合的乙酸的量相等的氢氧化钾的量,以毫克计。
在优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的聚醚由包含1至20wt.%、优选5至10wt.%的多元醇和1至50wt.%、优选20至40wt.%的异氰酸酯组分的反应混合物得到,所有情况下的重量百分比规格均基于无溶剂的反应混合物的总重量。
令人惊讶地发现,根据本发明的聚醚的使用导致粘合剂化合物的特征在于非常好的粘合效果和高的耐水解性。因此,本发明进一步涉及根据本发明的聚醚在粘合剂组合物中的用途。
本发明进一步涉及粘合剂组合物,其包含
a)至少一种聚醚,所述聚醚的氨基甲酸酯基密度为每摩尔聚醚2至10、优选3至7、更优选3至5个氨基甲酸酯基,和
b)至少一种NCO封端的化合物。
已知聚醚氨基甲酸酯对铝或含铝合金仅表现出不令人满意的粘合性或没有粘合性。在本发明的上下文中,令人惊讶地发现,即使使用不同的材料,如铝合金,使用根据本发明的粘合剂组合物也可以获得非常好的粘合效果。
在根据本发明的粘合剂组合物的优选实施方式中,至少一种NCO封端的化合物与至少一种聚醚的添加比例,表示为NCO:OH,为1.0:1至8.0:1,优选1.1:1至4.0:1。
令人惊讶地发现,使用根据本发明的粘合剂组合物而不使用聚酯多元醇,可以得到通常仅使用聚酯多元醇才能获得的复合体系。因此,优选的实施方式是其中根据本发明的粘合剂组合物不含有任何聚酯多元醇的实施方式。在特别优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物中的聚酯多元醇含量小于0.1wt.%,优选小于0.01wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量。
为了适合在食品包装领域用作粘合剂,所使用的组合物应包含尽可能少的可能对健康有害的成分。当使用常规组合物时,可能存在异氰酸酯单体残留物残留在固化的粘合剂组合物中的危险,这些单体被认为部分对健康有害。在根据本发明的粘合剂组合物中没有观察到存在单体异氰酸酯。因此,优选实施方式是其中粘合剂组合物具有小于10wt.%、优选0.01至1wt.%、更优选0.01至0.1wt.%、特别优选小于0.1wt.%的单体NCO-化合物含量的实施方式,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量。此外,当被固化时,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物具有小于1wt.%、优选小于0.01wt.%的单体NCO-化合物含量,在所有情况下基于固化的粘合剂组合物的总重量。
在优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物中的至少一种聚醚的含量为1至40wt.%,优选2至15wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量。
根据本发明的优选实施方式,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物中的至少一种NCO封端的化合物的含量为1至50wt.%,优选20至40wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量。
NCO封端的化合物优选为多异氰酸酯。多异氰酸酯为芳族、脂族或环脂族的异氰酸酯。多异氰酸酯优选选自:1,5-萘基二异氰酸酯、2,4-或4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和所述异构体的混合物、水合的MDI(H12MDI)、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、四亚烷基二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、4,4'-二苄基二异氰酸酯、1,3-或1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的异构体、1-甲基-2,4-二异氰酸基-环己烷、1,6-二异氰酸基-2,2,4-三甲基己烷、1,6-二异氰酸基-2,4,4-三甲基己烷、1-异氰酸酯基甲基-3-异氰酸基-1,5,5-三甲基环己烷(IPDI)、含磷或含卤素二异氰酸酯、四甲氧基丁烷1,4-二异氰酸酯、丁烷1,4-二异氰酸酯、1,6-己烷二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、亚乙基二异氰酸酯、亚甲基三苯基三异氰酸酯(MIT)、1,4-二异氰酸基丁烷、1,12-二异氰酸基十二烷和脂肪酸二异氰酸酯二聚物。由于二异氰酸酯的三聚或低聚或通过使二异氰酸酯与含羟基或氨基的多官能化合物反应,也可以使用多官能异氰酸酯。优选使用二异氰酸酯和它们的低聚物。
在特别优选的实施方式中,NCO封端的化合物选自苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1-异氰酸基甲基-3-异氰酸基-1,5,5-三甲基环己烷(IPDI)、和所述化合物的聚合物和低聚物、所述化合物的衍生物和混合物。
此外,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物优选还包含粘合促进剂,所述粘合促进剂的含量优选至多20wt.%,特别优选1至10wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的组合物的总重量。粘合促进剂优选选自烷氧基化的硅烷和其有机官能化衍生物。特别优选粘合促进剂选自甲氧基化的和乙氧基化的硅烷以及它们的混合物。令人惊讶地发现,即使在具有高要求的食品包装中存在填料的情况下,添加选择的粘合剂也可以获得具有高粘合性的粘合剂组合物。
根据本发明的粘合剂组合物的特征在于,其不包含任何可迁移的环状化合物,因此特别适合于食品工业中的包装生产。在优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物基本上不含危险的可迁移环状化合物。在进一步优选实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物中的危险的可迁移环状化合物的含量小于1wt.%,优选小于0.1wt.%,特别优选小于0.01wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量或基于固化的粘合剂组合物的总重量。在特别优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物即使在固化后也不含危险的可迁移环状化合物。
根据本发明的粘合剂组合物既可以作为单组分(1K)体系使用,也可以作为双组分(2K)体系使用。在优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物因此是2K体系。在其它优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物是1K体系。
根据本发明的粘合剂组合物特别适合于在食品包装领域中粘合箔状基材。因此,优选的实施方式是其中根据本发明的粘合剂组合物是层压粘合剂的实施方式。在这种情况下,可以提供含有溶剂或不含溶剂或以分散体形式的粘合剂组合物。
在优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物可以另外包含催化剂,优选其含量为0至10wt.%、特别优选0.5至3wt.%,在所有情况下基于无溶剂的粘合剂组合物的总重量。在进一步优选的实施方式中,根据本发明的粘合剂组合物不含金属化合物。金属化合物通常在常规体系中用作催化剂,但由于与所述化合物有关的健康问题,在食品包装领域应避免使用。因此,优选实施方式是其中催化剂(如果存在)为胺化合物,优选具有至少OH官能度的胺化合物的实施方式。在这种情况下,适合的化合物是例如二甲基氨基乙醇(DMEA)、2-(二乙基氨基)乙醇(2-DEEA)或所述化合物的衍生物、N-甲基氨基乙醇或甲基二乙醇。
本发明进一步涉及一种使用根据本发明的粘合剂组合物粘合基材的方法。在这种情况下,根据本发明的方法包含下述步骤:
i)将根据本发明的粘合剂组合物施加到至少一个基材;
ii)使涂布的基材与另一基材接触;和
iii)使施加的粘合剂组合物固化。
该粘合剂组合物在40-85℃、优选55-65℃温度下固化。
在优选的实施方式中,在附加压力下使所述基材接触。
根据本发明的粘合剂组合物特别适合粘合柔性基材。在这种情况下,在本申请的上下文中,柔性基材应理解为具有一定弹性和柔韧性的那些基材,如箔、片或板。在优选的实施方式中,基材为箔状基材,特别是塑料或金属箔。在替代的实施方式中,基材为塑料或金属片,特别是铝片。
柔性基材的粘合是本领域技术人员的常规问题,并且是已确立的方法。但是,将厚的柔性基材、特别是厚的金属箔如铝箔粘合在一起仍然是挑战。然而,这些正是在食品包装领域中使用的材料。在本发明的上下文中,令人惊讶地发现,根据本发明的方法与根据本发明的粘合剂组合物的组合特别适合于粘合厚金属箔,如用于生产湿食品包装的金属箔。因此,优选实施方式是其中至少一个基材是铝箔,优选厚度为5-240μm、特别优选40-180μm的铝箔的实施方式。在优选的实施方式中,铝箔可以另外是铝合金制成的箔。
本发明进一步涉及包含根据本发明的粘合剂组合物的复合体系或可以通过根据本发明的方法得到的复合体系。
根据本发明的复合体系的特征在于,在所述粘合剂组合物固化之后,即使在灭菌之后,也具有高粘合性。因此,优选实施方式是其中所述复合体系,在7天和131℃下灭菌45分钟之后,具有3-19N/15mm、优选5-15N/15mm、特别优选5-10N/15mm的粘合性的实施方式。
复合体系优选是包装,特别是用于人或动物的食品包装,特别是用于动物食品的包装。令人惊讶地发现,根据本发明的复合体系可用作动物食品的包装,由于具有侵蚀性的内含物,因此对所使用的体系提出了特别的要求。本发明进一步涉及根据本发明的粘合剂组合物在生产包装、优选用于人或动物的食品包装,特别是用于动物食品的包装,最特别是湿的动物食品的包装中的用途。
本发明进一步涉及根据本发明的粘合剂组合物用于粘合箔状基材的用途。至少一个待粘合的基材优选是铝箔,优选具有5-240μm、特别优选40-180μm的厚度。
将参考下述实施例更详细地解释本发明,所述实施例并非旨在限制本发明构思。
实施例:
根据本发明的聚醚的实施例由含有PPG 400、PPG 1100、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯和乙二醇的反应混合物制备(实施例1)。根据实施例2的根据本发明的聚醚由额外包含2-(二乙基氨基)乙醇作为催化剂的反应混合物得到。PPG400为具有400g/mol的分子量的聚丙二醇,可根据商品名Voranol P 400从Dow商购获得。PPG 1000为具有1000g/mol的分子量的聚丙二醇,可根据商品名Voranol P 1000从Dow商购获得。异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯可根据商品名Desmodur I从Covestro商购获得。乙二醇可从例如Dow商购获得。实施例1和2的聚醚均具有每摩尔聚醚3.35个氨基甲酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯基密度和21mg KOH/g的羟值。
在所有情况下,聚醚与NCO封端的化合物反应,形成层压粘合剂。为了该目的,选择成膜添加比例NCO/OH为2.0。将得到的反应性粘合剂混合物用醋酸乙酯稀释至33.3%的固体含量。
将要涂布的基材格式化为A4尺寸。用18g/m2的稀释的反应性粘合剂混合物涂布由铝组成的载体箔,并将其放置在预复合材料上。随后,在干燥箱中,在90℃下,将如此涂布的载体箔干燥5分钟,得到6g/m2的干涂布重量。在干燥箱中,在60℃下,将如此制备的复合材料在金属板之间的压力(重量8kg)下固化。
测试所得到的层压体的实用性。为了该目的,进行拉伸试验,并对层压体进行灭菌处理。
结果汇总在表1至3中。IPDI三聚体、IPDI和甲氧基硅烷的混合物用作NCO封端的化合物。
表1:7天后的粘合性
测试 | 聚醚 | 铝箔[μm] | 固化温度[℃] | VH*[N/15mm] |
2-1 | 1 | 12 | 40 | 2.2 |
2-2 | 1 | 80 | 40 | 9.7 |
2-3 | 1 | 90 | 40 | 9.1 |
2-4 | 1 | 12 | 60 | 2.8 |
2-5 | 1 | 80 | 60 | 4.8 |
2-6 | 1 | 90 | 60 | 6.9 |
2-7 | 2 | 80 | 60 | 13.1 |
2-8 | 2 | 90 | 60 | 12.6 |
表2:7天后且在131℃下灭菌45分钟后的粘合性
测试 | 聚醚 | 铝箔[μm] | 固化温度[℃] | VH*[N/15mm] |
3-1 | 1 | 12 | 40 | 6.1 |
3-2 | 1 | 80 | 40 | 6.5 |
3-3 | 1 | 90 | 40 | 5.9 |
3-4 | 1 | 12 | 60 | 9.4 |
3-5 | 1 | 80 | 60 | 12.4 |
3-6 | 1 | 90 | 60 | 8.8 |
3-7 | 2 | 80 | 60 | 8.9 |
3-8 | 2 | 90 | 60 | 11.3 |
表3:在7天后且在131℃下灭菌30分钟后的与填料一起的粘合性,脂肪酸衍生物和淀粉的混合物用作填料。
测试 | 聚醚 | 铝箔[μm] | 固化温度[℃] | VH*[N/15mm] |
4-1 | 1 | 12 | 40 | 4.0 |
4-2 | 1 | 80 | 40 | 1.8 |
4-3 | 1 | 90 | 40 | 4.0 |
4-4 | 1 | 12 | 60 | 8.1 |
4-5 | 1 | 80 | 60 | 10.1 |
4-6 | 1 | 90 | 60 | 8.5 |
4-7 | 2 | 80 | 60 | 6.5 |
4-8 | 2 | 90 | 60 | 7.8 |
*)粘合性
从上表中的数据可以看出,使用根据本发明的粘合剂组合物,可以制备即使在灭菌后以及在有侵蚀性填料存在下储存的情况下仍能保持其粘合性的复合体系。
Claims (15)
1.聚醚,其具有每摩尔聚醚2至10个氨基甲酸酯基的氨基甲酸酯基密度。
2.根据权利要求1的聚醚,其特征在于所述聚醚是通过使多元醇与异氰酸酯组分反应制备的。
3.根据权利要求1或2之一或二者的聚醚,其特征在于所述异氰酸酯组分选自异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、二异氰酸酯二环己基甲烷(H12MDI)、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(XDI)、四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯(PDI)以及所述化合物的衍生物和混合物。
4.根据前述权利要求之一或多项的聚醚,其特征在于所述多元醇是由选自乙二醇、二乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇和它们的混合物中的单体合成的。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一或多项的聚醚在粘合剂组合物、优选双组分粘合剂组合物中的用途。
6.粘合剂组合物,其包含
a)至少一种根据权利要求1至4之一或多项的聚醚,和
b)至少一种NCO封端的化合物。
7.根据权利要求6的粘合剂组合物,其特征在于所述至少一种NCO封端的化合物与所述至少一种聚醚的添加比例,表示为NCO:OH,为1.0:1至8.0:1,优选1.1:1至4.0:1。
8.根据前述权利要求至少一项的粘合剂组合物,其特征在于所述粘合剂具有小于10.0重量%、优选0.01-1重量%、更优选0.01-0.1重量%、特别优选小于0.1重量%的单体NCO封端的化合物含量,在所有情况下基于所述粘合剂的总重量。
9.根据前述权利要求至少一项的粘合剂组合物,其特征在于所述粘合剂基本上不含危险的可迁移环状酯。
10.用于粘合至少两个基材的方法,其包括下述步骤:
i)将根据权利要求1至9至少一项的粘合剂组合物施加到至少一个基材;
ii)使涂布的基材与另一基材接触;和
iii)将所述聚氨酯粘合剂固化,
特征在于,所述粘合剂在40-85℃、优选55-65℃的温度下固化。
11.根据权利要求10的方法,其特征在于所述基材为箔状基材。
12.根据权利要求10或11的方法,其特征在于所述至少一个基材为铝箔,优选具有5-240μm、特别优选40-180μm的厚度。
13.一种复合体系,其包含根据权利要求1至9至少一项的聚氨酯粘合剂,或可根据权利要求10至12任一项的方法获得。
14.根据权利要求1至9至少一项的粘合剂组合物的用途,其用于生产包装、优选食品包装、特别是用于动物食品和人类食品的包装。
15.根据权利要求1至9至少一项的粘合剂组合物的用途,其用于粘合箔状基材。
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