CN113149333A - Wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophyte - Google Patents
Wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophyte Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by utilizing macrophytes, which belongs to the technical field of artificial wetland purification and solves the problems of unstable effluent quality of the artificial wetland, large system maintenance workload and lack of macrophyte landscape in the prior art, and comprises a macrophyte purification belt, wherein one side of the macrophyte purification belt is provided with a filter tank, one side of the filter tank is paved with a macrophyte buffer belt, an oxidation pond is arranged below the macrophyte buffer belt, one end of the oxidation pond, which is far away from the artificial wetland, is provided with a water outlet, macrophytes such as plantain, salix mandshuricae and the like are adopted, the function of large-scale high-consumption fertile hygrophytes is fully exerted, and when the traditional artificial wetland at the front end normally operates, the macrophyte deep purification system can improve the water quality; when the system can not normally operate or is invalid, the existence of the macrophyte deep purification system can ensure the sewage purification, so that the sewage is not directly discharged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructed wetland construction, and particularly relates to a wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using large plants.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the water quality of rivers in China is continuously deteriorated, the daily domestic sewage and the factory sewage cause the water quality of a plurality of rivers to be reduced, part of the rivers are even black and odorous, and the environmental capacity and the ecological bearing capacity of the water body are too heavy. As a novel sewage treatment process, the artificial wetland has the characteristics of low investment, low energy consumption, low operation cost and high ecological environmental benefit, and compared with other traditional sewage treatment systems, the artificial wetland has the advantages of energy conservation and investment which are difficult to compare.
The constructed wetland mainly comprises a building enclosure, an artificial medium, aquatic plants and the like, and achieves the purpose of purifying sewage by mainly utilizing the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic action of soil, the artificial medium, plants and microorganisms, and the action mechanism of the constructed wetland comprises adsorption, detention, filtration, precipitation, oxidation reduction, microbial decomposition, transformation, plant shielding, residue accumulation, transpiration water and nutrient absorption and the action of various animals. As a new sewage treatment process, in recent years, researchers have conducted a lot of research and practice to improve the sewage purification effect of artificial wetlands, and the contents of the research and practice mainly focus on the improvement of the material and structure of the artificial wetland filler, the change of a single wetland system into a multi-stage combined treatment system, the construction method for preventing the filler blockage of the wetland system, the matching of wetland plants and the like. Nevertheless, the current artificial wetland still has the following problems: (1) effluent can not always reach the standard stably, and further deep purification is needed; (2) the constructed wetland is basically a pool body facility, and the constructed wetland fails after long-term operation or poor management and protection, so that a wetland system is abandoned, and a deep purification system is needed for bottom packing; (3) the existing artificial wetland plants are basically all hygrophytes such as canna, iris, rumex acetosa, cress, water lily, reed and the like, and are lack of large plant landscapes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of unstable effluent quality of the artificial wetland, large system maintenance workload and lack of large plant landscape in the prior art, the invention provides a wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using large plants, which aims to: large plants are used for deeply purifying sewage, and meanwhile, large plant landscape is provided for the artificial wetland.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes is characterized by comprising a macrophyte water purification area, wherein one side of the macrophyte water purification area is provided with an oxidation pond, macrophytes are planted on the macrophyte water purification area, and water body purification is carried out through the macrophytes.
By adopting the scheme, the combination of large plants and the traditional constructed wetland is realized, the deep purification of the sewage is carried out, a special building is not needed, and the ditch is excavated by combining the wetland field conditions, so that the defects of less pollutants absorbed and converted by the traditional constructed wetland plants, unstable effluent water quality, high comprehensive cost investment, large later-period management and maintenance workload and the like are effectively overcome, the water body is effectively and stably purified by utilizing the microorganisms and combining the life activities of organisms such as various large high-consumption fertilizer and water-consumption wetland plants and the like, the effluent water quality is good and stable, the comprehensive cost investment is low, the later-period management and maintenance are basically not needed, the ecological stability is good, and the high economic benefit and the high environmental benefit are achieved.
The macrophyte water purification area comprises a macrophyte water purification belt, a filter tank and a macrophyte buffer zone, wherein the filter tank is arranged on one side of the macrophyte water purification belt, and the side, far away from the macrophyte water purification belt, of the filter tank is provided with the macrophyte buffer zone.
Adopt above-mentioned scheme, macrophyte on the macrophyte buffering area can last purifying through the water of macrophyte purification zone with the rose tank, macrophyte of planting on the macrophyte purification zone includes the banana, willow etc. and is large-scale high-consumption fertile plant, nutrient substance such as N, P, COD that can fully absorb in the water turns into high added value economic products, higher economic value has, and macrophyte purification zone, the rose tank, the macrophyte buffer layer, the setting of oxidation pond can guarantee that the banana, willow, macrophyte such as marix is unlikely to do in dry season, the rainy season is unlikely to the waterlogging and dies.
The large-scale plant water purification areas are arranged in two and are symmetrically arranged relative to the oxidation pond.
By adopting the scheme, the purification efficiency of the large-scale plant water purification area can be greatly improved, the two large-scale plant water purification areas work simultaneously, and the work efficiency of the large-scale plant water purification area is ensured.
And a clay impermeable layer is paved above the raw soil tamping layer.
And a backfill soil layer is laid above the clay impermeable layer of the large plant water purification area.
The filter tank is characterized in that a water-resisting layer is laid above the backfill soil layer, wetland fillers are laid above the water-resisting layer, and water distribution pipes are laid inside the wetland fillers.
Wetland fillers are laid above the clay impermeable layer of the oxidation pond, and a water body is arranged above the wetland fillers.
Such macrophytes include, but are not limited to: japanese banana, and Chinese tamarisk.
By adopting the scheme, the plantain, willow and water-flax are large plants, have the characteristic of high fertilizer consumption, can absorb substances causing water eutrophication, including elements such as N, P, COD, through root systems, and convert the elements into economic products.
The slope of the large plant water purification area is set to be 20 degrees.
By adopting the scheme, water in the artificial wetland can sequentially flow through the macrophyte purification belt, the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer belt under the action of gravity, flows into the oxidation pond from the macrophyte buffer belt, is purified and then discharged in the oxidation pond, and compared with the traditional horizontal plant purification area, the purification area which is obliquely arranged can accelerate the flow rate of the water in the artificial wetland, so that the water purification efficiency is ensured.
The water body treatment process comprises the following steps:
step A: introducing the water body into a macrophyte purification belt, and primarily purifying by macrophytes planted on the macrophyte purification belt;
and B: the water body passes through the macrophyte purification zone, flows through the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer zone, is filtered in the filter tank through the wetland filler, and is secondarily purified in the macrophyte buffer zone after passing through the filter tank;
and C: the water body flows into the oxidation pond after passing through the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer zone, and is degraded and purified under the action of aquatic plants and microorganisms in the oxidation pond, and the treated purified water is discharged through the water outlet.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method has the advantages that the combination of large plants and the traditional artificial wetland is realized, the sewage is deeply purified, special structures are not needed to be built, and the ditch is excavated by combining the wetland field conditions, so that the defects of less pollutants absorbed and converted by the traditional artificial wetland plants, unstable effluent quality, high comprehensive cost investment, large workload of later-stage management and maintenance and the like are effectively overcome, the water body is effectively and stably purified by utilizing the microorganisms and combining the life activities of various organisms such as large high-consumption fertilizer and water-consumption wetland plants and the like, the effluent quality is good and stable, the comprehensive cost investment is low, the later-stage management and maintenance are basically not needed, the ecological stability is good, and the method has extremely high economic benefit and environmental benefit.
2. Macrophyte on the macrophyte buffering area can last purifying through the water of macrophyte purification band with the filter-tank, macrophyte that the planting was taken including the banana, willow etc. and be large-scale high-consumption fertile plant at macrophyte purification, can fully absorb nutrients such as N, P, COD in the water and turn into high added value economic products, higher economic value has, and macrophyte purification band, the filter-tank, the macrophyte buffer layer, the setting of oxidation pond can guarantee that the banana, willow, macrophyte such as water-treated willow is unlikely to dry in dry season, the rainy season is unlikely to the waterlogging and dies.
3. The water in the constructed wetland flows through the macrophyte purification belt, the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer belt in sequence under the action of gravity, flows into the oxidation pond from the macrophyte buffer belt, is purified and then discharged in the oxidation pond, and compared with the traditional horizontal plant purification area, the inclined macrophyte purification area can accelerate the flow rate of the water in the constructed wetland, and the water purification efficiency is ensured.
4. After the water in the artificial wetland is purified by the large-scale plant purification zone, the water can be continuously purified by the filter tank and the large-scale plant buffer zone, the water is purified by the filter tank and the large-scale plant buffer zone and then flows into the oxidation pond for final purification, aquatic plants are planted in the oxidation pond, the aquatic plants and microorganisms therein can jointly adsorb and purify the filtered artificial wetland water, the purified water is finally discharged through the water outlet, the purification of the water body of the artificial wetland is completed, and by the device, the multi-stage purification of the water body can be realized, and the purification effect of the water body of the artificial wetland is improved.
5. When the artificial wetland can not normally operate or fails, the large-scale plant deep purification system can ensure sewage purification, so that sewage is not directly discharged, and the large-scale hygrophytes are more three-dimensional and beautiful in the landscape of the whole wetland system. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using large-scale hygrophytes does not need management and maintenance in the later period, and has the advantages of good ecological stability, remarkable ecological benefit and low comprehensive cost investment.
6. The defect that the traditional artificial wetland lacks large-scale plant landscape is overcome, and the landscape of the whole wetland system is more three-dimensional and beautiful due to the large-scale hygrophytes planted on the large-scale plant purification zone and the large-scale plant buffer zone.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the main viewing internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view from perspective A-A of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view from a B-B perspective of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-macrophyte purification zone; 2-a filter tank; 3-macrophyte buffer zone; 4-an oxidation pond; 5-ramming the layer with the original soil; 6-clay impermeable layer; 7-backfilling a soil layer; 8-a water barrier layer; 9-wetland filling; 10-water distribution pipe; 11-a body of water;
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The first embodiment is as follows:
40m3the ecological purification engineering of the domestic sewage adopts a large-scale plant purification zone 1, the length of which is 12m, the width of which is 50cm and the height of which is 1.32 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling device mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay impermeable layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a backfill soil layer 7, wherein large plants are selected from musa basjoo. Wherein the length of the filter tank 2 is 12m, the width is 50cm, and the depth is 50 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling wetland mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay impermeable layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a backfill soil layer 7, wetland fillers 9 with the thickness of 50cm and a water distribution pipe 10 with the thickness of 75 mm; the large plants mainly comprise canna indica and pinus alternatus. The length of the large plant purification buffer zone 3 is 12m, the width is 3.76m, the height is 1.32m, and the gradient is 20 degrees; from bottom to top, the soil-filling machine mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a backfill soil layer 7; the large plants mainly comprise Japanese bananas and willowsTrees, willow, canna, allium fistulosum, calamus, pinus marsupium, and the like. The length of the oxidation pond 4 is 12m, the width is 2.5m, and the height is 35 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling wetland mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm, wetland fillers 9 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a water body 11 with the thickness of 30 cm; the submerged plants mainly comprise potamogeton ricini, herba Swertiae Dilutae, hydrilla verticillata, Goldfish algae and potamogeton lucidus. The water body of the artificial wetland firstly flows into the large-scale plant purification zone 1, and after primary purification of the large-scale plant purification zone 1, the water body sequentially passes through the filter tank 2, the large-scale plant buffer zone 3 and finally enters the oxidation pond 4 for adsorption and sedimentation to obtain purified water which can reach the standard and is discharged from the oxidation pond 4, as shown in table 1, wetland construction for deeply purifying sewage is carried out through large-scale hygrophytes, so that the effluent is promoted to a first-level A standard from a first-level B standard, tail water deep purification is realized, the large-scale hygrophytes enable the landscape of the whole wetland system to be more three-dimensional and beautiful, and the green plant landscape of the wetland can still be ensured in dry seasons.
Table 140 m3Water inlet and outlet index of/d domestic sewage ecological purification project
Example two: 10m3The ecological purification engineering of domestic sewage adopts the traditional artificial wetland and large-scale plant deep purification process, and the tail water deep purification adopts the large-scale hygrophyte to carry out deep purification of sewage, and the ecological purification engineering of domestic sewage specifically comprises the following construction steps: the length of the large plant purification belt 1 is 4m, the width is 50cm, and the height is 1.32 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling and soil-restoring device mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a backfill soil layer 7; and (5) planting a large plant canna. The length of the filter tank 2 is 4m, the width is 50cm, and the depth is 50 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling and water-separating device mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5cm, a backfill soil layer 7, a water-resisting layer 8, wetland fillers 9 with the thickness of 50cm and a water distribution pipe 10 with the thickness of 75 mm; the plants are mainly beautifulCanna indica and pinus sylvestris. The length of the large-scale plant buffer zone 3 is 4m, the width is 3.76m, the height is 1.32m, and the gradient is 20 degrees; from bottom to top, the soil-filling machine mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a backfill soil layer 7; the large plants mainly comprise plantain, willow, water-hemp willow and the like, canna, allium mongolicum regel, calamus, pinus alternatus and the like. The length of the oxidation pond 4 is 4m, the width is 2.5m, and the height is 35 cm; from bottom to top, the soil-filling wetland mainly comprises a raw soil tamping layer 5 with the thickness of 5.0cm, a clay anti-seepage layer 6 with the thickness of 5.0cm, wetland fillers 9 with the thickness of 5.0cm and a water body 11 with the thickness of 30 cm; the submerged plants mainly comprise potamogeton ricini, herba Swertiae Dilutae, hydrilla verticillata, Goldfish algae and potamogeton lucidus. The water body of the artificial wetland firstly flows into the large-scale plant purification zone 1, and after primary purification of the large-scale plant purification zone 1, the water body sequentially passes through the filter tank 2 and the large-scale plant buffer zone 3, and finally enters the oxidation pond 4 for adsorption and sedimentation, so that purified water which can reach the standard is obtained and is discharged from the oxidation pond 4, as shown in data in table 2, the wetland construction for deeply purifying sewage is carried out through large-scale hygrophytes, so that the effluent is lifted to a first-level A standard from a first-level B standard, and tail water deep purification is realized.
Table 210 m3Water inlet and outlet index of/d domestic sewage ecological purification project
| Sampling site | COD(mg/L) | Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) | Total phosphorus (mg/L) |
| Inflow water | 397.5 | 37.8 | 4.96 |
| Effluent of front-end traditional artificial wetland | 47.2 | 8.36 | 0.764 |
| Deeply purifying the discharged water | 21.5 | 3.825 | 0.4175 |
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes is characterized by comprising a macrophyte water purification area, wherein one side of the macrophyte water purification area is provided with an oxidation pond (4), macrophytes are planted on the macrophyte water purification area, and the macrophytes are used for purifying water.
2. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that the macrophyte water purification area comprises a macrophyte water purification belt (1), a filter tank (2) and a macrophyte buffer belt (3), wherein the filter tank is arranged on one side of the macrophyte water purification belt (1), and the macrophyte buffer belt (3) is arranged on one side of the filter tank (2) far away from the macrophyte water purification belt (1).
3. The wetland construction method for deep purification of sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that two macrophyte water purification areas are provided and are symmetrically arranged about the oxidation pond (4).
4. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that a raw soil ramming layer (5) is laid at the bottom of the macrophyte water purification area and the oxidation pond (4), and a clay impermeable layer (6) is laid above the raw soil ramming layer (5).
5. The wetland construction method for deep sewage purification by using macrophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that a backfill layer (7) is laid above the clay impermeable layer (6) in the macrophyte water purification area.
6. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtering tank (2) is provided with a water-resisting layer (8) above a backfill soil layer (7), wetland fillers (9) are provided above the water-resisting layer (8), and water distribution pipes (10) are provided inside the wetland fillers (9).
7. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 4, characterized in that wetland fillers (9) are laid on the oxidation pond (4) above the clay impermeable layer (6), and a water body (11) is arranged above the wetland fillers (9).
8. The wetland construction method for deep purification of sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, wherein the macrophytes include but are not limited to: japanese banana, and Chinese tamarisk.
9. The wetland construction method for deep purification of sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, wherein the slope of the macrophyte water purification zone is set to 20 °.
10. The wetland construction method for deeply purifying sewage by using macrophytes according to claim 1, wherein the water treatment process comprises:
step A: introducing the water body into a macrophyte purification belt, and primarily purifying by macrophytes planted on the macrophyte purification belt;
and B: the water body passes through the macrophyte purification zone, flows through the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer zone, is filtered in the filter tank through the wetland filler, and is secondarily purified in the macrophyte buffer zone after passing through the filter tank;
and C: the water body flows into the oxidation pond after passing through the filter tank and the macrophyte buffer zone, and is degraded and purified under the action of aquatic plants and microorganisms in the oxidation pond, and the treated purified water is discharged through the water outlet.
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