CN209853830U - Comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage - Google Patents
Comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN209853830U CN209853830U CN201920558590.8U CN201920558590U CN209853830U CN 209853830 U CN209853830 U CN 209853830U CN 201920558590 U CN201920558590 U CN 201920558590U CN 209853830 U CN209853830 U CN 209853830U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses high-efficient comprehensive facultative pond of handling rural sewage belongs to the environmental protection field. The ecological floating pond comprises a pond body, and a side slope, a shallow pond area, a deep pond area, a grid inlet and a water outlet weir which are arranged in the pond body, wherein dwarf emergent aquatic plants are planted at the outer edge of the side slope, high emergent aquatic plants are planted at the inner edge of the side slope, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom in the shallow pond area. The deep pond embankment is arranged at the outer edge of the deep pond area. The shallow pond also comprises a gravel layer which is laid on the bottom in the shallow pond area. A comprehensive facultative pond with anaerobic and aerobic sewage treatment capacity is formed by transforming rural idle pits. The facultative pond has both aerobic and anaerobic zones, can treat waste water more effectively, and utilizes topography and gravity to make sewage flow automatically as far as possible, and reduce the number of water-lifting pump stations.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a relate to sewage treatment, environmental protection technical field, concretely relates to high-efficient comprehensive facultative pond of handling rural sewage.
Background
With the continuous promotion of the country to the environmental management, the condition of rural environmental pollution receives more and more attention. Because people in rural areas have relatively weak environmental awareness, a domestic sewage drainage collecting pipe network system and a centralized treatment facility are also lacked. And the resident residence sites are dispersed, which causes difficulty in centralized collection of domestic sewage, and more than 90% of domestic sewage is directly discharged into rivers and lakes without treatment.
At present, the environmental pollution caused by rural domestic sewage seriously threatens the water resource safety of rural water source areas and aggravates the crisis of fresh water resources. With the proposal of the environmental protection target of the 'thirteen-five' rural area, the construction of a new green and ecological rural area becomes a key and arduous task of the country, and the rural sewage treatment is being promoted to an unprecedented level.
Compared with the large and medium cities, the rural areas are more prone to the ecological treatment process in the aspect of sewage treatment, the rural areas have lots of wastelands, depressions, waste ponds, swamps and farmland irrigation and drainage channels, and people can fully utilize the advantages to adapt to local conditions, so that the sewage is recycled. Under the action of an ecological system, sewage treatment and utilization are carried out synchronously, the treatment method is harmless, the virtuous circle of rural water is realized, and a foundation is laid for sustainable development.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a comprehensive facultative pond of high-efficient treatment rural sewage to the environmental pollution problem that causes is discharged at will because rural sewage treatment rate is not high among the prior art is solved to the pertinence.
A comprehensive facultative pond with the capability of comprehensively treating sewage by anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment is formed by mainly utilizing the rural idle pond for transformation. The facultative pond is provided with both aerobic and anaerobic zones, so that the wastewater can be more effectively treated, the landform and gravity are utilized, the wastewater flows automatically as much as possible, the number of water pumping stations is reduced, the project investment, maintenance and operation cost is minimized, and the optimal economic benefit is exerted. The facultative pond treatment system has the characteristics of small investment, low cost and convenient maintenance, has stable operation process, not only realizes effective treatment of sewage, but also achieves the purpose of secondary recycling.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage comprises a long strip-shaped pond body and a pond body
The side slope is arranged on the inner edge of the pond body;
the shallow pond area is arranged in the pond body, and the outer edge of the shallow pond area is connected with the inner edge of the side slope;
the deep pond area is arranged in the shallow pond area, and the outer edge of the deep pond area is connected with the inner edge of the shallow pond area;
the grid inlet is arranged at one end part of the pond body and is connected with the outer edge of the side slope;
the effluent weir is arranged at the other end of the pond body and is connected with the outer edge of the side slope;
and dwarf emergent aquatic plants are planted at the outer edge of the side slope, high emergent aquatic plants are planted at the inner edge of the side slope, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom in the shallow pond area.
Further, the device also comprises a deep pond embankment which is arranged at the outer edge of the deep pond area.
Further, the shallow pond comprises a gravel layer, and the gravel layer is laid on the bottom in the shallow pond area.
Further, the aspect ratio of the pond body is 3: 1, and the deep pond area is arranged at the middle rear part of the pond body.
Further, the inclination angle of the side slope is 30-45 degrees.
Further, the depth of the shallow pond area is 2-3m, and the depth of the deep pond area is 6-8 m.
Further, the depth of the shallow pond area is 2.5m, and the depth of the deep pond area is 7 m.
Further, the height of the deep pond embankment is 1.2 m.
Further, the gravel layer thickness is 0.3 m.
Furthermore, the anti-seepage geotextile layer is paved on the inner wall of the pond body.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage:
(1) the aerobic zone, the facultative zone and the anaerobic zone are respectively formed at different water depths of the water body of the comprehensive facultative pond, and the biological species are rich, thereby being beneficial to nitration, denitrification reaction and different microorganism actions and achieving the effect of removing nitrogen, phosphorus and various organic matters.
(2) The high species of emergent aquatic plants transfer oxygen in the air to roots, and the oxygen is diffused by the roots of the plants to keep the water in the pond body in a good aerobic state, thereby being beneficial to the completion of aerobic decomposition and nitrification of organic matters; the submerged plants can absorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body, the gravel paved at the bottom of the facultative pond is more favorable for the attachment growth of microorganisms, and the aquatic plants and the microorganisms jointly act to form a plant-microorganism system, so that the water purifying capacity is improved, and the removal of water body pollutants is more favorable.
(3) The arrangement of the pond in the pond (the deep pond area is arranged in the shallow pond area) forms an ultra-deep anaerobic pond, provides an uninterrupted protection area for anaerobic organisms, reduces the oxygen amount of surface reoxygenation entering the deep pond area, maintains the survival conditions of anaerobic microorganisms in the pond, is beneficial to thickening bottom sludge, can convert part of organic matters which are difficult to degrade into organic matters which are easy to degrade, and then achieves the purpose of efficiently removing the organic matters.
(4) The area is small, the depth is large, the heat preservation effect is good, and the influence of heat dissipation and seasonal variation on the surface of the pond in winter on the treatment efficiency can be reduced.
(5) The top of the deep pond area in the facultative pond is provided with a deep pond dike dam, so that sludge is limited in a small part of the whole pond, and meanwhile, water inflow can be limited, and water bodies in the deep pond are fully purified.
(6) The comprehensive facultative pond combines two types of ponds into one pond, waste, including high-strength waste, can be converted into usable water resources through a system basically not requiring energy input, and the treated water can be recycled for farmland irrigation.
(7) The whole system does not occupy arable land, is reconstructed and built according to the existing pool, has the characteristics of small investment and convenient maintenance, has stable operation process, not only realizes effective treatment of sewage, but also achieves the purpose of secondary recycling.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a top view of the shape and structure of the integrated facultative pond provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated facultative pond provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in the figure:
1, a pond body; 101 side slope; 102 shallow pond area; 103 deep pond area; 104 a grid inlet; 105 an effluent weir; 106 deep pond dike protection; 107 gravel layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
To the environmental pollution problem that causes because rural sewage treatment rate is not high among the prior art, discharges at will, the embodiment of the utility model provides a comprehensive facultative pond of rural sewage of high-efficient treatment mainly reforms transform through utilizing rural idle pool, forms a comprehensive facultative pond that has anaerobism and good oxygen comprehensive treatment sewage ability, and this facultative pond is including growing up the pond body 1 of bar to the pond body 1 aspect ratio is 3: 1 preferably, it also comprises the following structures arranged inside or at the edge of the body 1, see figures 1 and 2, in particular:
the side slope 101 is arranged on the inner edge of the pond body 1 and arranged around the whole pond body 1, so that the connection between the outside of the pond body 1 and the inside of the pond body 1 is realized. In a specific arrangement, the slope 101 has an inclination angle of 30 ° to 45 °.
And the shallow pond area 102 is arranged in the pond body 1, is arranged inside the side slope 101 and is surrounded by the side slope 101, and specifically, the outer edge of the shallow pond area 102 is connected with the inner edge of the side slope 101.
And the deep pond area 103 is arranged in the shallow pond area 102, the outer edge of the deep pond area 103 is connected with the inner edge of the shallow pond area 102, and preferably, the deep pond area 103 is arranged at the middle rear part of the whole pond body 1, namely one end close to the effluent weir 105.
The grid inlet 104 is a channel for sewage to enter the pond body 1, is specifically arranged at one end of the pond body 1, and the grid inlet 104 is connected with the outer edge of the side slope 101, and the grid inlet 104 is used for blocking impurities such as branches in the sewage, so that the accumulation of the impurities such as the branches in the pond body 1 is prevented, and the sewage treatment effect is influenced.
The effluent weir 105 is a passage for sewage to be discharged out of the pond body 1, is opposite to the grid inlet 104, is arranged at the other end part of the pond body 1, and the effluent weir 105 is connected with the outer edge of the side slope 101.
Dwarf emergent aquatic plants are planted at the outer edge of the side slope 101, high emergent aquatic plants are planted at the inner edge of the side slope 101, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom in the shallow pond area 102. In this example, the dwarf emergent aquatic plants are mainly aquatic plants such as iris citrifolia, calamus and the like, the tall emergent aquatic plants are mainly aquatic plants such as reed, cattail, allium mongolicum and the like, and the submerged plants are mainly aquatic plants such as foxtail algae, waterweed, eel grass and the like.
Further, a deep pond embankment 106 is also included, and the deep pond embankment 106 is arranged at the outer edge of the deep pond area 103. Preferably, the deep pond embankment 106 is 1.2m in height.
Further, a gravel layer 107 is also included, and the gravel layer 107 is laid on the bottom in the shallow pond area 102. Preferably, the gravel layer 107 has a thickness of 0.3 m.
Further, the depth of the shallow pond area 102 is 2-3m, and the depth of the deep pond area 103 is 6-8 m. Preferably, the depth of the shallow pond region 102 is 2.5m, and the depth of the deep pond region 103 is 7 m.
In order to prevent sewage from infiltrating downwards to affect a groundwater source, the pond further comprises an impermeable geotextile layer, and the impermeable geotextile layer is laid on the inner wall of the pond body 1.
Example 1
The utility model provides a comprehensive facultative pond of high-efficient processing rural sewage, its main part is the idle pond in rural area of reforming transform, preferentially sets up the aspect ratio of the body of the pond 1 to 3: 1, the pond body 1 comprises an aerobic shallow pond area 102 and an ultra-deep anaerobic pond (deep pond area 103) arranged in the shallow pond area 102, in order to enable the facultative pond to work most effectively, in the improvement, the depth of the shallow pond area 102 is set to be 2.5m, the depth of the deep pond area 103 is set to be 7m, the deep pond area 103 is positioned at the downwind position of a main wind direction, and a deep pond embankment 106 is arranged at the top of the deep pond area 103, in the embodiment, the deep pond embankment 106 is preferably set to be 1.2m in height and used as a barrier for sewage mixing, and the impact of newly-entered sewage on the sludge environment in the deep pond area 103 is prevented, so that the anaerobic treatment process is influenced.
A grid inlet 104 is arranged at the upper wind level end of the pond body 1, sewage is filtered through the grid inlet 104, and suspended pollutants are intercepted and then enter the comprehensive facultative pond. The side slope 101 is arranged on the inner edge of the pond body 1, the inclination angle of the side slope 101 is preferably set to be 30-45 degrees, on one hand, the length of the side slope 101 can be reduced under the condition that the body size of the pond body 1 is fixed, sewage can enter the pond conveniently and slowly, on the other hand, various aquatic plants can be planted on the side slope 101 conveniently, the interception and the precipitation of pollutants are achieved, attachments are provided for microorganisms, and the degradation of nutrients is accelerated. Specifically, aquatic plants such as iris falcata and calamus are planted on the shallow water depth of the side slope 101, high emergent aquatic plants such as reed, cattail and allium fistulosum are planted on the deep water depth of the side slope 101, submerged plants such as foxtail algae, elodea nutgrass and the like are planted at the bottom of the shallow pond area 102, and gravels with the thickness of 30cm are paved at the bottom of the shallow pond area 102. In the process that sewage enters the pond body 1, granular pollutants can be precipitated through the filtration and interception of various emergent aquatic plants planted on the side slope 101, and intercepted nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like are subjected to nitrification and denitrification reactions around the root system of the plants and excessive accumulation of phosphorus by microorganisms, so that the effect of removing the pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like is achieved; the submerged plants at the bottom of the shallow pond area 102 can absorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like; the gravel laid at the bottom of the shallow pond area 102 is beneficial to the attachment of microorganisms and the formation and growth of the microorganisms into a biological membrane, and the biological membrane and submerged plants form a plant-microorganism system, so that the water purification capacity of the facultative pond is effectively improved.
An effluent weir 105 is arranged at the windward end of the pond body 1, and sewage purified by the pond body 1 is discharged outwards through the effluent weir 105. In actual setting, one end of the grid inlet 104 can be set to be higher than one end of the effluent weir 105, new sewage enters the pond body 1 through the grid inlet 104 and is extruded into the purified water body to be discharged from the effluent weir 105, so that the sewage flows automatically as much as possible by using terrain and gravity, the number of water lifting pump stations is reduced, and the facultative pond treatment system has the characteristics of small investment, low cost and convenience in maintenance. Especially, the wind power from the upwind position to the downwind position is used as the wind power, so that the sewage can be pushed to flow from the grating inlet 104 to the water outlet weir 105, and the equipment cost is saved.
Aerobic zones (side slopes 101), facultative zones (shallow pond zones 102) and anaerobic zones (deep pond zones 103) are formed by integrating different depths of the facultative ponds, so that different pollutants are decomposed and removed; as shown in the figure, the deep pond area 103 is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and the arranged deep pond dike 106 limits sludge in the deep pond area 103 and excessive mixing of water bodies in the pond, provides an uninterrupted protection area for anaerobic organisms, has a heat preservation effect, and is beneficial to improving the treatment efficiency in winter; after being treated by the high-efficiency comprehensive facultative pond, the sewage flows out through the effluent weir 105, and the water body can be recycled as irrigation water.
In order to prevent sewage from infiltrating to affect an underground water source, an impermeable geotextile layer is also arranged and laid on the inner wall of the pond body 1.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage:
(1) the aerobic zone, the facultative zone and the anaerobic zone are respectively formed at different water depths of the water body of the comprehensive facultative pond, and the biological species are rich, thereby being beneficial to nitration, denitrification reaction and different microorganism actions and achieving the effect of removing nitrogen, phosphorus and various organic matters.
(2) The high species of emergent aquatic plants transfer oxygen in the air to roots, and the oxygen is diffused by the roots of the plants to keep the water in the pond body in a good aerobic state, thereby being beneficial to the completion of aerobic decomposition and nitrification of organic matters; the submerged plants can absorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body, the gravel paved at the bottom of the facultative pond is more favorable for the attachment growth of microorganisms, and the aquatic plants and the microorganisms jointly act to form a plant-microorganism system, so that the water purifying capacity is improved, and the removal of water body pollutants is more favorable.
(3) The arrangement of the pond in the pond (the deep pond area is arranged in the shallow pond area) forms an ultra-deep anaerobic pond, provides an uninterrupted protection area for anaerobic organisms, reduces the oxygen amount of surface reoxygenation entering the deep pond area, maintains the survival conditions of anaerobic microorganisms in the pond, is beneficial to thickening bottom sludge, can convert part of organic matters which are difficult to degrade into organic matters which are easy to degrade, and then achieves the purpose of efficiently removing the organic matters.
(4) The area is small, the depth is large, the heat preservation effect is good, and the influence of heat dissipation and seasonal variation on the surface of the pond in winter on the treatment efficiency can be reduced.
(5) The top of the deep pond area in the facultative pond is provided with a deep pond dike dam, so that sludge is limited in a small part of the whole pond, and meanwhile, water inflow can be limited, and water bodies in the deep pond are fully purified.
(6) The comprehensive facultative pond combines two types of ponds into one pond, waste, including high-strength waste, can be converted into usable water resources through a system basically not requiring energy input, and the treated water can be recycled for farmland irrigation.
(7) The whole system does not occupy arable land, is reconstructed and built according to the existing pool, has the characteristics of small investment and convenient maintenance, has stable operation process, not only realizes effective treatment of sewage, but also achieves the purpose of secondary recycling.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage comprises a long strip-shaped pond body and is characterized by further comprising
The side slope is arranged on the inner edge of the pond body;
the shallow pond area is arranged in the pond body, and the outer edge of the shallow pond area is connected with the inner edge of the side slope;
the deep pond area is arranged in the shallow pond area, and the outer edge of the deep pond area is connected with the inner edge of the shallow pond area;
the grid inlet is arranged at one end part of the pond body and is connected with the outer edge of the side slope;
the effluent weir is arranged at the other end of the pond body and is connected with the outer edge of the side slope;
and dwarf emergent aquatic plants are planted at the outer edge of the side slope, high emergent aquatic plants are planted at the inner edge of the side slope, and submerged plants are planted at the bottom in the shallow pond area.
2. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 1, further comprising a deep pond embankment, wherein the deep pond embankment is arranged at the outer edge of the deep pond area.
3. The integrated facultative pond for efficient treatment of rural sewage of claim 2, further comprising a gravel layer, said gravel layer being laid on the bottom inside said shallow pond area.
4. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 3, wherein the aspect ratio of the pond body is 3: 1, and the deep pond area is arranged at the middle rear part of the pond body.
5. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 4, wherein the inclination angle of the side slope is 30-45 °.
6. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 5, wherein the depth of the shallow pond area is 2-3m, and the depth of the deep pond area is 6-8 m.
7. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 6, wherein the depth of the shallow pond area is 2.5m, and the depth of the deep pond area is 7 m.
8. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 7, wherein the deep pond embankment height is 1.2 m.
9. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the gravel layer is 0.3 m.
10. The comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising an impermeable geotextile layer, wherein the impermeable geotextile layer is laid on the inner wall of the pond body.
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| CN201920558590.8U CN209853830U (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | Comprehensive facultative pond for efficiently treating rural sewage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109942087A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-28 | 天津农学院 | A kind of synthesis facultative lagoon of efficient process country sewage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109942087A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-28 | 天津农学院 | A kind of synthesis facultative lagoon of efficient process country sewage |
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