CN113142215A - Application of glucosamine serving as pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibition of pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice - Google Patents
Application of glucosamine serving as pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibition of pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of glucosamine serving as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibiting pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice. According to the invention, mature seeds are soaked in the glucosamine solution, the fact that glucosamine can effectively delay the germination rate of the seeds is found, a proper inhibitor concentration is found through a pre-harvest sprouting inhibition test, the new application of glucosamine as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor of hybrid rice is disclosed, and the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor with the effective inhibition concentration is further provided. The invention also uses the glucosamine and the copper sulfate in a compounding way, thereby not only effectively delaying the germination rate of the seeds, but also reducing the dosage of the glucosamine, effectively reducing the cost of the raw materials and being convenient for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid rice seed production, in particular to application of glucosamine serving as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibition of pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice.
Background
Seeds of cereal crops such as rice and the like often germinate on ears when encountering continuous rainy, poor-shining, high-temperature and high-humidity weather during the maturation period, namely ear sprouting (Pre-harvest sprouting, PHS).
The process of ear sprouting affects not only the degradation of rice storage starch and protein, but also rice storage and the seed value of hybrids (Huweimin et al. germination characteristics on ear of sterile line for hybrid rice seed production. journal of crops, 2003, 29: 441-. Under the influence of natural phenomena such as Ernino and the like, global disastrous weather frequently occurs, particularly in 9-10 months of Yanghuai and south-Jiangnan watershed of China, the late growth period of positive-value rice often encounters continuous high-temperature overcast and rainy short-time weather, so that large-area pre-harvest sprouting or 'bud sprouting' phenomena often occur in rice, particularly hybrid indica rice, and the yield and the quality of the rice are greatly influenced.
Research results show that in the process of hybrid rice seed production and seed propagation, due to the increase of the application amount of '920' (gibberellin), hybrids, particularly hybrid seed production of the series of gang you, D you, II you, super you and the like are often threatened by ear sprouting, the ear sprouting rate in normal years is 5-10%, the ear sprouting rate in special years can reach 20-30%, and the ear sprouting rate in severe years reaches 60-80% (Xubaokou, research on genetic improvement and utilization of dormancy of hybrid indica rice parent seeds, 2009, doctor paper, Nanjing university of agriculture).
Therefore, the development of the research on the pre-harvest sprouting or the seed sprouting of the rice has become one of the research hotspots of researchers. A plurality of research results show that the rice pre-harvest sprouting is the interaction result of the rice genotype and the environmental factors. However, in order to accelerate the breeding process, shorten the breeding period, increase the speed of allopatric generational propagation, and breed more seeds with weak dormancy or even no dormancy (Zhang Jing et al, development of rice seed sprouting and dormancy inheritance research, nuclear agriculture reports, 2013, 27: 1136-.
Therefore, over the years, researchers have actively researched and developed various chemical regulation and control methods for inhibiting the sprouting of rice ears (Wangliping et al, current research situation of rice ear sprouting and seed dormancy, agricultural research and application, 2015, 159(4): 49-53). At present, more chemical regulators are mainly compound agents of some plant hormones or plant Growth retardants, and the basic ingredients of the agents mostly comprise abscisic acid, uniconazole, paclobutrazol, maleic hydrazide, coumarin and the like (Hu QJ, et al. inhibition effect of chemical combinations on seed promotion and pre-modified germination in hybrid rice plant Growth Regulation,2016,80: 281-.
For example: 20-60mg/Kg ABA +40-160mM cyclohexylamine +10-60mg eugenol (Guanyajing, et al, a hybrid rice panicle sprouting inhibitor and a preparation method thereof and a method for inhibiting hybrid rice panicle sprouting, Chinese invention patent 202010840765.1); 400-1200mg/kg eugenol +300-600mg/kg uniconazole +400-500mg/kg maleic hydrazide (Hujin et al, ear sprouting inhibitor and method for inhibiting ear sprouting of rice, Chinese patent invention 201510337714.6); a hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor is prepared from phytic acid, coumarin, Tween20, growth inhibitor and surfactant (Xiao Lang Tao, a hybrid rice ear bud inhibitor and its preparation method, Chinese patent invention 201810587574.1); the rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises the following main raw materials: 3-5 parts of coumarin extract, 3-7 parts of eugenol, 4-8 parts of sucrose ester, 3-5 parts of bitter almond extract, 2-3 parts of maleic hydrazide, 2-6 parts of malic acid, 3-5 parts of mulberry root extract, 5-7 parts of abscisic acid, 3-4 parts of uniconazole, 1-3 parts of sodium citrate, 1-4 parts of paclobutrazol, 3-5 parts of salicylic acid extract and 3-5 parts of waxberry extract (Heyi, a rice ear bud inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, Chinese invention patent No. 201611098582.7); the green rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises the following main components: 29-30% of waxberry extract, 25-25.5% of bitter almond extract, 24-25% of mulberry root extract, 10-11% of salicylic acid extract and 10-10.5% of green plum extract (Fuhua, a green rice sprouting inhibitor and a preparation method and application thereof, Chinese invention patent No. 201610504096.4); the compound rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises the following raw materials: 17-18% of coumarin extract, 15-16% of bitter almond extract, 10-11% of mulberry root extract, 15-16% of salicylic acid extract and 14% of green plum extract. 5-16 percent of waxberry extract, 20-22.5 percent of myrica rubra extract, 3-3.5 percent of paclobutrazol and 1.5-2 percent of abscisic acid (Fuhua and the like, a compound rice ear sprouting inhibitor, a preparation method and application thereof, Chinese invention patent 201610504079.0). The single-component pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor only comprises 1-2g/Kg eugenol (Hujin et al, a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor and a method for inhibiting rice pre-harvest sprouting. Chinese patent of invention 201410172611.4). However, eugenol is not water-soluble, so that an emulsifier needs to be added when in use; nevertheless, it is still extremely inconvenient to use.
Therefore, it is necessary to find a high-efficiency low-toxicity even non-toxic single water-soluble chemical pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a new application of Glucosamine (GlcN) as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibiting pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice, and lays a foundation for searching for a high-efficiency non-toxic single water-soluble chemical pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides application of glucosamine serving as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibiting pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice.
Furthermore, in the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor, the concentration of glucosamine is 100-1000 mmol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of glucosamine in the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is 700-850mmol/L, or 300-400 mmol/L.
Further preferably, the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises: 700-850mmol/L glucosamine, 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction;
alternatively, it comprises: 300-400mmol/L glucosamine, 18-22mmol/L copper sulfate and 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction.
Further preferably, the surfactant is TWEEN 20.
The invention also provides a hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor, the effective component of which is glucosamine, and the concentration of which is 100-1000 mmol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the glucosamine is 700-850mmol/L, or 300-400 mmol/L.
Further preferably, the hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises: 700-850mmol/L glucosamine, 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction;
alternatively, it comprises: 300-400mmol/L glucosamine, 18-22mmol/L copper sulfate and 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction.
Further preferably, the surfactant is TWEEN 20.
The invention also provides a method for inhibiting hybrid rice from sprouting, which comprises the following steps: the above-mentioned pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is uniformly sprayed on the rice ears during the period from the wax ripeness stage to the early stage of yellow ripeness of hybrid rice.
Further, the spraying frequency is one time or two times; the spraying time is 1 day between two times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, mature seeds are soaked in the glucosamine solution, the fact that glucosamine can effectively delay the germination rate of the seeds is found, a proper inhibitor concentration is found through a pre-harvest sprouting inhibition test, the new application of glucosamine as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor of hybrid rice is disclosed, and the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor with the effective inhibition concentration is further provided.
(2) The invention uses the glucosamine and the copper sulfate in a compounding way, thereby not only effectively delaying the germination rate of the seeds, but also reducing the dosage of the glucosamine, effectively reducing the cost of the raw materials and being convenient for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the sprouting phenotype of rice ears at the third day after the rice ears were treated with aqueous solutions of glucosamine having different concentrations in example 2.
FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the pattern of the ear sprouting on the third day after the treatment of rice ears with the composite type ear sprouting inhibitor of example 4 at different concentrations.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
1. Effect of glucosamine of different concentrations on Rice seed Germination
The chemical agent glucosamine with concentration of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 750, 800, 850, 1000mmol/L was prepared with aqueous solution, and 0.02% (v/v) of TWEEN20 was added.
Soaking mature rice seeds (Nipponbare) in the solution for 3-5 seconds, taking out, and drying in the shade on tin foil paper; then placing on wet filter paper, germinating at constant temperature of 28 ℃, and counting the germination rate every 1 day. The standard of germination is that the embryo bud or the embryo root grows for 1mm, namely the germination is obtained.
The results show (Table 1), glucosamine with the concentration of more than 100mmol/L can effectively delay the germination rate of the seeds, and the effect of higher concentration of glucosamine (700 and 850mmol/L) on delaying the germination of the seeds is more obvious compared with the glucosamine with the concentration of less than 700mmol/L, but the final germination rate of the rice is influenced when the glucosamine concentration reaches 1000 mmol/L.
TABLE 1 Effect of glucosamine of various concentrations on the germination percentage (%) of Rice seeds
Example 2 Effect of different concentrations of glucosamine on Pre-harvest sprouting in hybrid Rice
Preparation of Pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor, according to the results in example 1, 3 concentrations of glucosamine in water, 700, 750 and 850mmol/L, were prepared. In the field of indica rice hybrid 6-688 hybrid seed production, when the hybrid grows to the yellow ripe stage, collecting hybrid rice ears, spraying the above ear sprouting inhibitor to a saturated state, drying in the shade on tin foil paper for 24 hours at room temperature, then placing the whole rice ears on moist filter paper, spraying water to the saturated state every 2-3 hours, sprouting at the constant temperature of 28 ℃, and counting the sprouting rate every 1 day. The standard of germination is that the embryo bud or the embryo root grows for 1mm, namely the germination is obtained.
The results show that the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor glucosamine significantly delays the pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice (table 4, fig. 1).
TABLE 2 Effect of glucosamine concentration on seed germination Rate (%) of hybrid seed 6-688
EXAMPLE 3 Effect of copper sulfate aqueous solutions of different concentrations on Rice seed Germination
The invention also researches the influence of the single use of the copper sulfate aqueous solution on the rice seed germination. The aqueous copper sulfate solutions were used at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 25, 30 and 35mmol/L with the addition of 0.02% (v/v) TWEEN 20. Soaking mature rice seeds (Nipponbare) in the solution for 3-5 seconds, taking out, and drying in the shade on tin foil paper. Then placing on wet filter paper, germinating at constant temperature of 28 ℃, and counting the germination rate every 1 day. The standard of germination is that the embryo bud or the embryo root grows for 1mm, namely the germination is obtained. The result shows (Table 2), the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of more than 25mmol/L has obvious inhibition effect on the germination of rice seeds, and the copper sulfate solution with the concentration of 18-22mmol/L has obvious effect of delaying the germination of the seeds.
TABLE 3 influence of copper sulfate solutions of different concentrations on the germination rate (%) of rice seeds
Example 4 Effect of Complex Pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor on Rice seed Germination
The concentration of Glucosamine (GlcN) solution is set as 100-500mmol/L, the concentration of copper sulfate solution is set as 18-22mmol/L, and the solution is prepared by adding 0.02% (v/v) of TWEEN 20. Soaking mature rice seeds (Nipponbare) in the solution for 3-5 seconds, taking out, and drying in the shade on tin foil paper. Then placing on wet filter paper, germinating at constant temperature of 28 ℃, and counting the germination rate every 1 day. The standard of germination is that the embryo bud or the embryo root grows for 1mm, namely the germination is obtained.
The results show (Table 4) that the mixed solution containing 200mmol/L or less of glucosamine has a poor effect of preventing the sprouting of the ears, while the mixed solution containing 500mmol/L of glucosamine obviously inhibits the germination rate of the final seeds. Reasonable concentrations of the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor are: the concentration of copper ions was 18-22mmol/L and the concentration of glucosamine was 300-400 mmol/L.
TABLE 4 influence of mixed solutions of copper sulfate and glucosamine in different concentrations on the germination rate (%) of rice seeds
Example 5 application of Compound Pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor to inhibition of Rice hybrid Pre-harvest sprouting
Preparation of Pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor 6 composite Pre-harvest sprouting inhibitors, namely 18mmol/L Cu, were prepared according to the results in example 42++300mmol/L GlcN、18mmol/L Cu2++400mmol/L GlcN、20mmol/L Cu2++300mmol/L GlcN、20mmol/L Cu2++400mmol/L GlcN、22mmol/L Cu2++300mmol/L GlcN、22mmol/L Cu2++400mmol/L GlcN。
In the field of indica rice hybrid 6-688 hybrid production, when the hybrid grows to the yellow ripe stage, collecting the whole ear of rice hybrid, spraying the above-mentioned ear sprouting inhibitor to saturated state, drying in the shade for 24 hr on tin foil paper at room temp., then placing the whole ear of rice on a moist filter paper, spraying water every 2-3 hr until it is saturated state, sprouting at constant temp. of 28 deg.C, and counting sprouting rate every 1 day. The standard of germination is that the embryo bud or the embryo root grows for 1mm, namely the germination is obtained.
The results show that the composite pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor significantly delayed seed germination (table 5, fig. 2).
TABLE 5 influence of the composite Pre-emergent inhibitor on the seed germination rate (%) of hybrid seed of 6-688
Claims (10)
1. Application of glucosamine as a pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor in inhibiting pre-harvest sprouting of hybrid rice.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the concentration of glucosamine in the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is 100 to 1000 mmol/L.
3. The use of claim 1, wherein the concentration of glucosamine in the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is 700 to 850mmol/L, alternatively 300 to 400 mmol/L.
4. The use of claim 3, wherein the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises: 700-850mmol/L glucosamine, 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction;
alternatively, it comprises: 300-400mmol/L glucosamine, 18-22mmol/L copper sulfate and 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction.
5. The use of claim 4, wherein the surfactant is TWEEN 20.
6. A hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor is characterized in that an active ingredient is glucosamine, and the concentration is 100-1000 mmol/L.
7. The hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor as claimed in claim 6 wherein the concentration of glucosamine is 700 to 850mmol/L or 300 to 400 mmol/L.
8. The hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor according to claim 7 wherein the hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor comprises: 700-850mmol/L glucosamine, 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction;
alternatively, it comprises: 300-400mmol/L glucosamine, 18-22mmol/L copper sulfate and 0.01-0.03% of surfactant in volume fraction.
9. The hybrid rice pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor according to claim 8 wherein the surfactant is TWEEN 20.
10. A method for inhibiting pre-harvest sprouting in hybrid rice, which comprises the following steps: the method for preventing pre-harvest sprouting according to any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising the step of uniformly spraying the pre-harvest sprouting inhibitor on rice ears during a period from a wax ripening stage to a yellow ripening stage of hybrid rice.
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| CN115643925A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-31 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Application of glucose or sucrose in inhibiting growth of terminal bud of watermelon grafting stock |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102415384A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-04-18 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Purpose of chitosan oligosaccharide for regulating crop growth |
| CN105395478A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 北京康力基生物科技有限公司 | Stable glucosamine oral liquid and preparation process thereof |
| CN105463041A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 | Preparation method of glucosamine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102415384A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-04-18 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Purpose of chitosan oligosaccharide for regulating crop growth |
| CN105395478A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 北京康力基生物科技有限公司 | Stable glucosamine oral liquid and preparation process thereof |
| CN105463041A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽丰原发酵技术工程研究有限公司 | Preparation method of glucosamine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115643925A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-31 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Application of glucose or sucrose in inhibiting growth of terminal bud of watermelon grafting stock |
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