CN113141810A - Method for promoting rapid germination of paris polyphylla seeds - Google Patents
Method for promoting rapid germination of paris polyphylla seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN113141810A CN113141810A CN202110454190.4A CN202110454190A CN113141810A CN 113141810 A CN113141810 A CN 113141810A CN 202110454190 A CN202110454190 A CN 202110454190A CN 113141810 A CN113141810 A CN 113141810A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a Paris polyphylla seedling breeding technology, and relates to a method for rapidly germinating Paris polyphylla seeds. The rapid germination technology system for the paris polyphylla seeds is established by taking paris polyphylla mature seeds as materials and sequentially carrying out exodermis removing treatment, exogenous hormone seed soaking treatment, wet sand stratification treatment, germination accelerating treatment and other steps. The invention can shorten the seed germination time to 75 days; the seed germination rate reaches more than 95 percent. The method can solve the problems of long germination time and low germination rate of the seeds of the Paris polyphylla, and provides a feasible technical scheme for cultivating high-quality and high-yield seeds and solving the urgent need of the market.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rapid breeding of Chinese medicinal material seedlings, in particular to a method for promoting rapid germination of paris polyphylla seeds.
Background
Paris polyphylla (Paris polyphylla), a perennial monocotyledonous herbaceous plant, is a precious traditional Chinese medicinal plant. The rhizome of the Chinese medicinal composition can be used as a medicament, is commonly named as rhizoma paridis, is a main raw material of Yunnan white drug powder, Gongxuening tablets, pseudo-ginseng Xueshanning tablets and other medicaments, and has the effects of sterilizing and resisting toxicity for inflammation, relieving cough, regulating cardiovascular system and the like. Due to its precious medicinal value, the market demand of paris polyphylla is increasing day by day. The Paris polyphylla can germinate only by seeds in summer (2-3 years) in two winter seasons in a natural state due to the unique natural growth environment of the Paris polyphylla, the germination rate is only 30-40%, and the supply of high-quality seedlings of the Paris polyphylla is greatly restricted due to the problems of irregular germination, low emergence rate and the like. At present, the resource of the wild paris polyphylla is nearly exhausted and can not meet the market demand, and the price of the paris polyphylla is continuously increased indirectly. At present, the main approach is artificial cultivation to meet the market demand. The main problems faced at present are focused on how to rapidly release the dormancy of seeds and how to make the germination neat. In recent years, a large number of scholars study the rapid germination method of the paris polyphylla seeds, the disclosed report shows that 5-6 months are needed for the fastest seed germination, the germination time is not ideal, certain difficulty exists in artificial breeding, and serious trouble is caused for the requirement of large-scale production and planting of seedlings.
Therefore, it is necessary to research and design a method for promoting the rapid germination of the paris polyphylla seeds and a method for greatly improving the germination rate of the seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for promoting the rapid germination of paris polyphylla seeds.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for promoting the rapid germination of Paris polyphylla seeds comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) removing the exodermis: peeling off red outer seed coats of fresh mature Paris polyphylla seeds, washing, and drying in the shade to remove surface water for later use;
2) and (3) exogenous hormone treatment: soaking seeds of the paris polyphylla obtained in the step 1) with exogenous hormone;
3) wet sand stratification treatment: placing the rhizoma paridis seeds obtained in step 2) at different temperatures for wet sand stratification treatment, wherein the temperature range is 4-30 ℃, and the treatment time is less than or equal to 80 days;
4) accelerating germination: placing the seeds of the Paris polyphylla sprouted in the step 3) under a constant temperature condition for accelerating germination;
preferably, the step 1) is to immediately process the ripe seeds of the paris polyphylla after picking the seeds, and soak the seeds in clear water for 20 to 28 hours.
Preferably, the exogenous hormone GA3 (gibberellin) used in the seed soaking treatment in the step 2) is used at a concentration of 1-200mg/L for a treatment time of 8-24 hours.
Further preferably, the exogenous hormone GA3 used in the seed soaking treatment in the step 2) is used at a concentration of 50mg/L for 24 hours.
Preferably, the step 3) is to mix the sterilized river sand and sterile water uniformly to prepare wet sand, and the mixing ratio of the rhizoma paridis seeds to the wet sand is as follows: wet sand is 1 (2-5). Cleaning river sand as a substrate, sterilizing at high pressure, and cooling for later use; mixing the prepared river sand with sterile water to prepare wet sand, and holding the wet sand by hand to form the sand without dispersion and water seepage. During stratification, the seeds after the GA3 seed soaking treatment were treated with the following seed: mixing the wet sand in the ratio of 1: 3; placing in a plastic flowerpot with 20cm caliber, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator or a refrigerated cabinet.
Preferably, the temperature change condition of the wet sand lamination treatment in the step 3) is a combination of 5 ℃ and 21 ℃, and the lamination time is 15-45 days respectively.
Further preferably, the wet sand lamination treatment conditions in the step 3) are 30 days at 5 ℃ and 45 days or more at 21 ℃.
Preferably, said step 4) is specifically operated as: the seeds are preserved in wet sand at constant temperature, the temperature is set to be 15-30 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-60 days.
Further preferably, said step 4) is specifically operative to: accelerating germination for 30 days at 24 ℃, and allowing the radicle of the seed to germinate to 4-5 cm. And (3) transplanting the germinated seeds into soil after pregermination treatment, sowing radicles downwards, covering soil about 0.5cm, keeping certain moisture and temperature, and ensuring that the rate of emergence reaches 90% after sowing for 25 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the technical scheme of the invention and the method without GA3Compared with the treated or other exogenous hormone treated common seeds, the method has obvious effect on breaking seed dormancy;
2) according to the method, the germination time can be obviously shortened (45-75 days) through temperature-variable stratification treatment, and the seed germination rate reaches more than 95% in 75 days; when the radicle is extended to 4-5cm, the rate of emergence can reach more than 90%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the different germination periods of Paris polyphylla seeds; wherein: FIG. 1, period 1a S1, seed stratification for 0 d; FIG. 1, time period 1b S2, seed stratification 15 d; FIG. 1, time period 1c S3, seed stratification 30 d; FIG. 1d S4 time seed stratification 45 d; FIG. 1, time period 1e S5, seed stratification 60 d; em, seed embryo, stage 1f S6 in fig. 1; en, endosperm; p, embryo; 1mm for the scale;
FIG. 2, the seedling emergence process diagram of Paris polyphylla seeds: FIG. 2a mature fresh seed; FIG. 2b seeds with red outer seed coat removed; FIG. 2c germinated seeds after sand storage for 75 days; FIG. 2d seeds with embryonic roots growing to 4-5 cm; FIG. 2e is a seedling of Paris polyphylla; FIG. 2f seeds at different stages of germination; the scale is 0.5 cm.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the invention as claimed is not limited to the scope of the examples.
Example 1
A method for promoting the rapid germination of Paris polyphylla seeds comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) removing the exodermis: peeling off red outer seed coats of fresh mature Paris polyphylla seeds, washing, and drying in the shade to remove surface water for later use;
2) and (3) exogenous hormone treatment: soaking seeds of the paris polyphylla obtained in the step 1) with exogenous hormone;
3) wet sand stratification treatment: placing the rhizoma paridis seeds obtained in step 2) at different temperatures for wet sand stratification treatment, wherein the temperature range is 4-30 ℃, and the treatment time is less than or equal to 80 days;
4) accelerating germination: placing the seeds of the Paris polyphylla sprouted in the step 3) under a constant temperature condition for accelerating germination;
the step 1) is to immediately process the ripe seeds of the Paris polyphylla after picking, and soak the seeds in clear water for 24 hours.
The step 2) is used for soaking the exogenous hormone GA 3.
The step 3) is that the sterilized river sand and sterile water are mixed evenly to prepare wet sand, the substrate is clean river sand, and the wet sand is cooled for standby after autoclaving; mixing the prepared river sand with sterile water to prepare wet sand, and holding the wet sand by hand to form the sand without dispersion and water seepage. During stratification, the seeds after the GA3 seed soaking treatment were treated with the following seed: mixing the wet sand in the ratio of 1: 3; placing in a plastic flowerpot with 20cm caliber, and culturing in a constant temperature incubator or a refrigerated cabinet.
1. The influence of different exogenous hormones soaking and temperature-variable (5 ℃/21 ℃) wet sand stratification treatment on the germination of the paris polyphylla seeds is explained in a specific embodiment as follows:
1) and (3) exogenous hormone treatment: taking Paris polyphylla seed picked in 10 months as material, setting 11 treatments named as A, B, B1, B2, C, C0 and D, E, F, G, H respectively, each treating 300 seeds, wherein A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H treated seedsUsing 50mg/L GA3Soaking in solution for 24h, soaking B1-treated seeds in 50mg/L ABA solution for 24h, and B2-treated seeds in 50 mg/L6-BA solution for 24h, wherein C0 seeds are treated with distilled water instead of GA3Soaking the solution for 24 h.
2) The temperature-changing wet sand stratification test was carried out as follows:
a: layering at 5 deg.C for 30 days, layering at 21 deg.C for 45 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
b: layering at 5 deg.C for 30 days, layering at 21 deg.C for 45 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
b1: layering at 5 deg.C for 30 days, layering at 21 deg.C for 45 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
b2: layering at 5 deg.C for 30 days, layering at 21 deg.C for 45 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
c: directly storing in sand at 5 deg.C;
c0: directly storing in sand at 5 deg.C;
d: stacking at 5 deg.C for 15 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
e: stacking at 5 deg.C for 30d, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
f: stacking at 5 deg.C for 45 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
g: stacking at 5 deg.C for 60 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C;
h: stacking at 5 deg.C for 75 days, and germinating at 24 deg.C.
Wherein the environment of 24 ℃ is simulated by a constant temperature incubator, and the environment of 4 ℃ is simulated by a constant temperature seed cabinet. Each set of experiments was replicated in triplicate. From the beginning of stratification, the seeds were observed every 15 days and photographed for germination statistics on days 45-75 of stratification. Statistical results of germination rates are shown in Table 1, and germination processes are shown in FIG. 1 (germination phase diagram under B treatment).
The results show that: subjecting Paris polyphylla seed to 50mg/L GA treatment under constant temperature condition3The solution is soaked for 24 hours, the germination effect is better, the solution is subjected to stratification treatment for 30 days at the temperature of 5 ℃, then the solution is subjected to stratification treatment for 45 days at the temperature of 21 ℃, and the seed germination rate is up to more than 95%;
2. accelerating germination and sowing
And (B) placing the seeds subjected to stratification treatment in sand storage at the constant temperature of 24 ℃ for 30 days for accelerating germination until the radicle of the seeds germinates to 4-5cm (figure 2) (germination process of accelerating germination 30 after treatment). Transplanting the germinated seeds into soil, sowing radicles downwards, covering soil about 0.5cm, keeping certain moisture and temperature, and ensuring that the rate of emergence reaches 90% 25 days after sowing.
TABLE 1 influence of different stratification treatments on seed germination time and germination rate
Note: the difference of letters in the same column indicates significant difference, and the Duncan multiple range test method, alpha is 0.05
As shown in Table 1, the germination rate of Paris polyphylla seeds can reach 95% after the Paris polyphylla seeds are treated with 50mg/L GA3 solution for 24h, then are subjected to layering treatment at 5 ℃ for 30d, and then are subjected to layering treatment at 21 ℃ for 45 d.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for promoting the rapid germination of Paris polyphylla seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) and (3) removing the exodermis: peeling off red outer seed coats of fresh mature Paris polyphylla seeds, washing, and drying in the shade to remove surface water for later use;
2) and (3) exogenous hormone treatment: soaking seeds of the paris polyphylla obtained in the step 1) with exogenous hormone;
3) wet sand stratification treatment: placing the rhizoma paridis seeds obtained in step 2) at different temperatures for wet sand stratification treatment, wherein the temperature range is 4-30 ℃, and the treatment time is less than or equal to 80 days;
4) accelerating germination: placing the seeds of the Paris polyphylla sprouted in the step 3) under a constant temperature condition for accelerating germination; completing the rapid germination of the paris polyphylla seeds.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step 1) is that the ripe seeds of the Paris polyphylla are picked and then immediately treated, and the seeds are soaked in clear water for 20 to 28 hours.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the exogenous hormone GA3 used in the seed soaking treatment in the step 2) is used at the concentration of 1-200mg/L, and the treatment time is 8-24 hours.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the exogenous hormone GA3 used in the seed soaking treatment in the step 2) is used at the concentration of 50mg/L, and the treatment is carried out for 24 hours.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step 3) is to mix the sterilized river sand and sterile water uniformly to prepare wet sand, and the mixing proportion of the rhizoma paridis seeds and the wet sand is as follows: wet sand =1 (2-5).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the temperature change condition of the wet sand lamination treatment in the step 3) is a combination of 5 ℃ and 21 ℃, and the lamination time is 15-45 days respectively.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the wet sand lamination treatment condition in the step 3) is lamination for 30 days at the temperature of 5 ℃, and then lamination for more than 45 days at the temperature of 21 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step 4) is specifically operated as follows: the seeds are preserved in wet sand at constant temperature, the temperature is set to be 15-30 ℃, and the treatment time is 30-60 days.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the step 4) is specifically operated as follows: accelerating germination for 30 days at 24 ℃.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114223471A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-25 | 重庆师范大学 | Rapid seedling method of paris polyphylla |
| CN116584384A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-08-15 | 毕节市中药研究所 | Method for effectively breaking dormancy of wild paris polyphylla seeds and inducing germination of embryo |
| CN116784049A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-22 | 三峡大学 | Rapid germination method of wrinkled papaya seeds |
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2021
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114223471A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-25 | 重庆师范大学 | Rapid seedling method of paris polyphylla |
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| CN116784049A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-22 | 三峡大学 | Rapid germination method of wrinkled papaya seeds |
| CN116784049B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2024-04-19 | 三峡大学 | Rapid germination method of wrinkled papaya seeds |
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