CN113136434A - Lpcat1基因在制备治疗癌症药物及诊断性试剂盒中的应用 - Google Patents
Lpcat1基因在制备治疗癌症药物及诊断性试剂盒中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了LPCAT1基因在制备治疗癌症药物及诊断性试剂盒中的应用。本研究通过实时荧光定量PCR检测胃癌及癌旁正常组织中LPCAT1基因的mRNA表达水平,根据LPCAT1的表达情况,可以将LPCAT1作为胃癌诊断试剂盒的检测靶点,LPCAT1的正向引物序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,LPCAT1反向引物如SEQ ID NO:2所示。实验以LPCAT1为目标基因,通过构建LPCAT1的相关载体,制备用于离体施用或体内施用的药物。本发明通过大量的实验数据证明,干扰LPCAT1基因可以调节胃癌细胞增殖与迁移相关基因的表达,进而调控癌细胞的增殖迁移能力。因此,本发明公开LPCAT1在制备癌症诊断性试剂盒和癌症靶向治疗药物有很好的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及LPCAT1在制备治疗癌症药物及诊断性试剂盒中的应用。
背景技术
据2020年世界卫生组织发布的最新全球癌症统计报告显示,全球5大癌症分别为乳腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和胃癌。胃癌是世界第五诊断最多的恶性肿瘤,但是由于胃癌的诊断通常处于癌症发生的晚期,因此使其成为第四大常见癌症相关死亡原因,在全球范围内发病率和死亡率逐年上升,也呈现低龄化患胃癌的趋势。胃癌是起源于胃黏膜上皮的恶性肿瘤,它的发生是一个从正常的胃黏膜到慢性胃炎、萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、不典型增生、癌的连续发展过程。虽然对其研究已取得一系列的研究,但目前仍不能完全明确确切分子机制。胃癌发生的致病因素主要是幽门螺杆菌感染,现统计临床上约65%的胃癌患者检测出幽门螺杆菌感染;其次还包括高盐摄入以及水果和蔬菜饮食低,盐腌食物摄入可能会增加幽门螺杆菌感染的风险,并且可能起协同作用促进胃癌的发展。因此减少盐和盐分食物摄入量的饮食调节是预防胃癌的一种策略。
目前胃癌的筛查方法已取得突破性的进展,包括胃蛋白酶原检测、幽门螺杆菌检测、 X线钡餐造影、螺旋CT、电子胃镜检测等方法。靶向治疗和免疫治疗等新式疗法日渐应用到临床治疗中,目前通过外科切除术或联合放疗、化疗技术能够有效治疗此类癌症。经研究表明,在外科治疗、新辅助治疗以及放疗的基础上,早期胃癌的5年生存率可达到95%。但是早期胃癌患者症状不明显,有些仅表现为进食哽噎或呃逆,当症状进一步恶化时,病变已发展到晚期,有数据显示超过90%的住院患者初诊时已是局部晚期或转移性胃癌,治疗难度大,患者生存率差。因此对胃癌的发展和转移逐渐聚焦到细胞内分子水平变化的重要作用,例如幽门螺杆菌感染、肥胖、亚硝酸盐和其他致病因素引起的遗传突变,表观遗传学变化和异常的分子信号传导途径。因此,鉴定生物标志物及其在胃癌中的分子功能对于研究胃癌特异性治疗至关重要。
癌症是以代谢活动增加为特征的疾病,导致细胞无限增殖。越来越多的研究表明,在多种癌症中脂质吸收、储存和脂肪生成增加,作为信号分子和ATP能量供应,以促进肿瘤的快速生长。并且伴随脂质代谢相关蛋白在肿瘤中高度表达,例如脂质从头合成途径——Kennedy途径中SREBP、SCD1,脂质重塑途径——Lands’Cycle途径中LPCATs。脂质中的磷脂是生物膜的重要组成部分,磷脂双层通过将细胞内容物与周围环境隔离,形成亚细胞细胞器并为各种细胞过程提供平台来实现重要的结构功能,为肿瘤细胞提供生长条件。膜磷脂的脂肪酰基部分在链长和饱和度(双键与单键)上表现出相当大的差异。这两个参数决定细胞膜的生物物理特性,包括其流动性和曲率等。这些因素反过来也会影响与膜相关的细胞过程,例如囊泡运输,信号转导和分子运输。Kennedy途径合成的磷脂(PC)经 Lands’Cycle途径中的LPCAT1作用后生成脂肪酰基链高度多样且不对称分布的PC。有研究表明LPCAT1在肿瘤中广泛分布并参与肿瘤的发生、侵袭、转移。
研究证实LPCAT1及饱和磷脂水平的升高与多种恶性肿瘤的发生密切相关。多项研究表明LPCAT1主要在II型肺泡细胞中表达,它催化肺表面活性剂的二棕榈酰磷脂(DPPC)组分的生成。在肝癌患者中LPCAT1的表达量显著升高,经TCGA数据库分析后其表达水平降低或升高与临床预后密切相关。但到目前为止,LPCAT1在胃癌中的表达情况及其发生机理关系还未曾报道。
因此本发明将检测LPCAT1基因在胃癌组织中的表达情况,旨在用于制备诊断性试剂盒,并在此基础上研究LPCAT1表达下调对胃癌细胞增殖与迁移情况的影响,这对于提高胃癌的诊断率及改善胃癌的生存状况提供有利的理论依据。
发明内容
发明目的:为了克服上述现有技术的缺点,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种LPCAT1 基因在制备用于治疗胃癌药物中的应用,满足抗癌药物的使用需求。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种LPCAT1基因在制备用于癌症诊断性试剂盒中的应用,适于大规模推广应用。
技术方案:为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
(1)LPCAT1基因(NCBI数据库,Gene ID:79888)在制备用于LPCAT1表达异常的癌症的诊断性试剂盒中的应用。所述的癌症为胃癌。
(2)LPCAT1基因在制备用于治疗LPCAT1表达异常的癌症的药物中的应用。所述的癌症为胃癌。所述药物以LPCAT1基因为靶点设计而成。
(3)LPCAT1基因的抑制剂,为LPCAT1-siRNA,其序列为:5’-GTGTCAGTTTCACAACCAA-3’。
(4)LPCAT1基因的抑制剂在制备用于治疗LPCAT1表达异常的癌症的药物中的应用。所述的癌症为胃癌。
有益效果:与现有的技术相比,本发明经实时荧光定量PCR检测证实,LPCAT1基因的表达量在胃癌中表达明显高于癌旁正常组织;应用特异性siRNA序列高效抑制LPCAT1 基因在人胃癌细胞株的表达,经Western blot、MTT、细胞划痕及实时荧光定量PCR等实验方法,验证降低LPCAT1的表达可以抑制胃癌细胞增殖与迁移能力。可见,LPCAT1基因在制备用于治疗胃癌药物、用于癌症诊断性试剂盒中具有广泛应用。
附图说明
图1是实时荧光定量PCR分析LPCAT1基因在胃癌组织(n=30)及癌旁正常组织(n=30) 中的mRNA表达情况;18s rRNA作为LPCAT1的内参对照基因。
图2是干扰LPCAT1后AGS细胞中LPCAT1在mRNA和蛋白水平上的表达,A:在胃癌AGS细胞中转染靶向LPCAT1的小干扰RNA(LPCAT1-siRNA)后,细胞内LPCAT1 基因在mRNA水平上的表达;B:在胃癌AGS细胞中转染靶向LPCAT1的LPCAT1-siRNA 后,细胞内LPCAT1在蛋白水平上的表达。
图3是干扰LPCAT1基因对胃癌AGS细胞增殖的影响,A:胃癌AGS细胞转染 LPCAT1-siRNA在24,48,72h后,癌细胞的增殖情况;B:胃癌AGS细胞转染 LPCAT1-siRNA后,相关促增殖基因mRNA水平变化。
图4是划痕实验分析干扰LPCAT1基因对胃癌AGS细胞迁移的影响;A:胃癌AGS 细胞转染LPCAT1-siRNA 24、48h后,癌细胞的愈合情况;B:胃癌AGS细胞转染 LPCAT1-siRNA 24、48h后,癌细胞的愈合率示意图。C:胃癌AGS细胞转染LPCAT1-siRNA 后,相关促迁移基因mRNA水平变化。
具体实施方式
本发明所述的干扰LPCAT1基因表达不仅限于siRNA的序列,还包括敲除LPCAT1 的编码基因,干扰LPCAT1基因的转录或翻译,以及干扰LPCAT1蛋白功能发挥的整个生物过程,虽然干扰的具体机制尚未完全清楚,但并不妨碍“干扰”的实现。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述药物可以加入一种或多种药学上可接受的佐剂,包括但不限于颗粒剂、缓冲剂、表面活性剂等公认的药物佐剂。
在一些具体的实施方式中,所述药物可以制成包括但不限于显微注射剂、适于转染的剂型,这些剂型可以按照药学领域常规的方法制备。
以下通过实施例进一步描述本发明,其中包括使用材料及具体来源。但应当理解的是,这些只是示例性的,而非限制本发明。与如下组织、细胞、试剂、仪器的类型及型号、或性质或功能相似或相同的材料均可以用于本发明的实施。
下述示例中的方法如无特殊说明均为普通方法。
主要材料:
人胃癌细胞系AGS细胞 中国科学院细胞库
Lipofectamine 2000 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司
LPCAT1-siRNA及阴性对照 广州锐博生物科技有限公司
siRNA
MTT 北京兰博利德商贸有限公司
RNAase free水 上海英潍捷基贸易有限公司
Trizol 上海英潍捷基贸易有限公司
Inhibitor Promega,美国
dNTP Promega,美国
BCP Molecular Research Center
异丙醇 美国Sigma公司
SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Applied Biosystem
引物 上海生工生物工程股份有限公司
Olig dT 上海生工生物工程股份有限公司
Anti-LPCAT1抗体 美国Proteintech公司
Anti-β-actin抗体 北京全式金生物
cDNA合成试剂盒 美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司
细胞裂解液 北京兰博利德商贸有限公司
BCA试剂盒 北京索莱宝科技有限公司
MTT 北京兰博利德商贸有限公司
1640不完全培养基 美国Corning公司
注:除非另有所指,本发明中用到的试剂可以是任何合适的市售试剂;细胞系均可以通过市售获得。
一、LPCAT1的组织表达分析检测
1.癌症临床样品的采集
胃癌及癌旁正常组织均采集自河南大学附属淮河医院。整个采集及后续实验过程符合医学伦理道德要求并严格遵循病例资料的保密原则。组织样品经手术取出后,切成小块放入冻存管,置于液氮中长期保存备用。
2.RNA提取
刀片和镊子放在干冰提前预冷,将组织置于干冰上用刀片切下约150mg,切下的组织放入含有1mL Trizol溶液的1.5mL离心管后,插入冰中。组织破碎仪充分破碎组织,整个过程需置于冰上。破碎完后加入100μL的BCP溶液,用涡旋仪涡旋充分混匀15秒后室温静置8分钟。离心机设置4℃,12000g离心15分钟。将上清液萃取至新的无RNA酶的1.5mL离心管,加入等倍体积的异丙醇,上下颠倒混匀数十次后,室温下静置10分钟。离心机设置4℃,12000g离心15分钟后,除去上清液。加入1mL的含75%(V/V)乙醇的DEPC水溶液,上下颠倒悬浮清洗RNA。离心机设置4℃,7500g离心5分钟沉淀 RNA。吸除上清后,置于室温晾干30分钟。加入20μL RNAase free水,置于55℃金属浴加热10分钟充分溶解RNA,溶解后用Nanodrop 2000仪器测定OD260和OD280吸收值。一般认为A260/A280在1.8-2.1之间可以判定总RNA质量较好。
3.RNA反转为cDNA
采用Nanodrop 2000仪器测定RNA的浓度为cRNA,根据以下公式计算反转体系。
根据以上计算结果配制反转体系,将RNA反转为cDNA,如表1所示。5×Buffer与 M-MLV均为cDNA合成试剂盒中试剂。
表1反转试剂与过程
4.实时荧光定量PCR检测LPCAT1在mRNA水平上的表达
将反转出的cDNA按照体积比1:10的比例用水稀释至200μL。以cDNA为模板,使用针对LPCAT1的引物及2×SYBR Green PCR Master Mix,按照表2配制检测体系,在ABI 7500实时荧光定量PCR仪上进行扩增。
表2实时荧光定量PCR检测体系
PCR条件为:50℃20秒;95℃10分钟;95℃10秒;60℃1分钟,重复40个循环。测得样本LPCAT1扩增的CT值,以内参基因18s rRNA的CT值和对应的样品浓度进行标准化校正。所得CT值使用标准曲线法进行计算,比较不同样本间LPCAT1含量的差异。所用LPCAT1正向引物如SEQ ID NO:1所述;LPCAT1反向引物如SEQ ID NO:2所述。内参对照18s rRNA正向引物如SEQ ID NO:17所述;内参对照18s rRNA反向引物如SEQ ID NO:18所述。
结果:如图1所示,胃癌组织与癌旁正常组织相比,LPCAT1基因在mRNA水平上表达明显上调(P<0.0001)。
二、干扰LPCAT1基因在mRNA和蛋白水平上的表达检测
1.细胞培养
人胃癌细胞系AGS细胞在1640完全培养基中进行培养。完全培养基中含有90%(V/V) 1640不完全培养基、10%(V/V)胎牛血清(Gibco,USA)、青霉素(100U/mL)和链霉素(100U/mL)。所有细胞置于37℃细胞培养箱、含5%(V/V)CO2和95%(V/V)空气条件下培养。
2.siRNA设计
针对LPCAT1基因序列,委托广州锐博生物技术有限公司制成siRNA,LPCAT1-siRNA序列为5’-GTGTCAGTTTCACAACCAA-3’。
3.细胞转染
将2×105个AGS细胞铺于6孔培养板中,细胞铺板约24h后至60-70%左右密度后开始转染,转染LPCAT1-siRNA(50nM)、NC-siRNA(50nM)通用阴性对照,转染8h 后将培养基换成完全培养基。所用转染试剂为Lipofectamine 2000,转染方法参照说明书进行。
4.细胞LPCAT1基因mRNA水平的检测
转染48h后,收集所有细胞。按照实施例1中的方法,抽取细胞中的总RNA,反转录后利用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,检测转染siRNA后AGS细胞内LPCAT1基因mRNA 水平的变化。
5.细胞内LPCAT1蛋白表达水平的检测
转染48h后,去除旧培养基,用4℃PBS清洗细胞表面,去除PBS后加入100μL 4℃细胞裂解液,用细胞刮刀收集细胞到1.5mL离心管中。静置30min裂解细胞,设置离心机程序为13000rpm,4℃离心15分钟,提取细胞总蛋白。用BCA试剂盒检测蛋白浓度,检测方法参照说明书。每组样本根据检测浓度用水稀释到相同浓度,取30μg与4× SDS-PAGE loadingbuffer按照3:1的体积比混合,95℃加热处理10min使蛋白变性。用 10%的SDS-PAGE胶分离蛋白;电泳结束后,在Transfer Buffer中转膜1h;TBST洗涤3 次,每次5min,使用5%脱脂牛奶封闭印迹膜1h,TBST洗涤3次后加5mL一抗(抗体与BSA溶液按照体积比1:1000稀释),4℃孵育过夜;TBST洗涤3次后,加入5mL二抗(抗体与脱脂牛奶按照体积比1:2000稀释),室温孵育1h。TBST再次洗涤3次;经显影定影处理后,凝胶成像系统拍照,使用Image J软件对条带进行灰度分析处理。
结果:如图2所示,实时荧光定量PCR分析表明(如图A),干扰LPCAT1可显著抑制AGS细胞内LPCAT1的mRNA表达水平,P<0.01,并可抑制其蛋白表达水平(如图B), P<0.01。该结果验证通过外源性方法可以有效干扰胃癌细胞内异常升高的LPCAT1的蛋白和mRNA水平。
三、干扰LPCAT1基因可以抑制胃癌细胞的增殖
1.细胞增殖MTT检测
采用MTT检测细胞的增殖情况。将2×105个AGS细胞铺于6孔培养板中,按照实施例2中的方法,转染LPCAT1-siRNA及NC-siRNA通用阴性对照。于转染后8h换完全培养基,待转染后24h收集细胞,将两个转染组细胞接种至96孔板中,7×103/孔,每个转染组设置3个重复孔,并设置4个检测时间点。细胞贴壁后向每孔加入10μL的MTT溶液 (5mg/mL),将培养板置于培养箱孵育4h后,用酶标仪测定在450nm处的吸光度。随后分别在转染后24h、48h和72h进行检测。根据测定的OD值绘制细胞增殖曲线。
2.细胞增殖相关基因在mRNA水平上的表达
转染48h后,收集细胞。按照实施例1中的方法,抽取细胞中的总RNA,反转录后利用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,检测转染siRNA后AGS细胞内与增殖相关基因mRNA 水平的变化。所用Cyclin D1正向引物如SEQ ID NO:5所述;Cyclin D1反向引物如SEQ ID NO:6所述,所用Cyclin E1正向引物如SEQ ID NO:7所述;Cyclin E1反向引物如 SEQ ID NO:8所述,所用Foxm1b正向引物如SEQ ID NO:9所述;Foxm1b反向引物如 SEQ ID NO:10所述。内参对照β-actin正向引物如SEQ ID NO:3所述;内参对照β-actin 反向引物如SEQ ID NO:4所述。
结果:如图3,与对照组相比,干扰LPCAT1 48h后,AGS细胞的增殖速度逐步降低,siRNA组与对照组细胞的生长速度已经有统计学的差异(P<0.05)。在转染72h后, LPCAT1-siRNA组细胞的生长速度明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。表明干扰内源性LPCAT1 基因可以有效抑制胃癌细胞的增殖。通过对Cyclin D1、Cyclin E1和Foxm1b典型的促增殖基因的mRNA水平检测发现,LPCAT1-siRNA组较对照组明显降低,敲低LPCAT1可以抑制与增殖相关基因的表达。
四、干扰LPCAT1基因可以抑制胃癌细胞的迁移能力
1.2×105个AGS细胞铺于6孔培养板中,转染前细胞生长至60-70%左右密度为宜,按照实施例2中的方法,分别转染LPCAT1-siRNA或NC-siRNA通用阴性对照。转染8h 后更换新鲜完全培养基,待转染24h用200μL无菌移液枪枪头在单层细胞上呈“十”字划痕,PBS清洗三次去除飘落的细胞,加入完全培养基继续培养细胞。在4倍显微镜下先选一处划痕光滑的位置标记,并拍照记为0h对照,然后将培养皿置于培养箱继续培养,并在24h和48h采集相同位置细胞图像。用Image Pro Plus 6.0软件测量划痕的面积和宽度。
宽度1和宽度2分别为划痕在0h和24或48h的宽度,划痕宽度是划痕面积与长度的比值。
2.细胞迁移相关基因在mRNA水平上的表达
转染48h后,收集细胞。按照实施例1中的方法,抽取细胞中的总RNA,反转录后利用实时荧光定量PCR的方法,检测转染siRNA后AGS细胞内与迁移相关基因mRNA 水平的变化。所用MMP1正向引物如SEQ ID NO:11所述;MMP1反向引物如SEQ ID NO: 12所述,所用MMP2正向引物如SEQ ID NO:13所述;MMP2反向引物如SEQ ID NO: 14所述,所用MMP12正向引物如SEQ ID NO:15所述;MMP12反向引物如SEQ ID NO: 16所述。
结果:如图4所示,转染LPCAT1-siRNA实验组与对照组相比,24h后,胃癌细胞的划痕愈合率即出现明显降低(P<0.001);待转染后48h后,NC组细胞的划痕伤口已经完全愈合,而干扰组细胞的划痕愈合率仅40%左右(P<0.001),表明转染LPCAT1-siRNA 能够显著抑制胃癌细胞的迁移能力。通过对MMP1、MMP2和MMP12典型的促迁移基因的mRNA水平检测发现,LPCAT1-siRNA组较对照组明显降低,因此干扰胃癌组织内 LPCAT1基因的表达可能会有效的抑制癌细胞扩散及转移。
统计学分析:所有数据取三次独立重复实验的平均值,标准差(SD)利用GraphPadPrism 8.0中的方法进行数据分析。P<0.05认为具有统计学意义。
本发明请求保护的范围并不局限于具体实施方式的描述。
序列表
人-LPCAT1正向引物:ACCTATTCCGAGCCATTGACC
人-LPCAT1反向引物:CCTAATCCAGCTTCTTGCGAAC
人-β-actin正向引物:ACTGGGACGACATGGAGAAA
人-β-actin反向引物:CTGGATAGCAACGTACATGG
人-Cyclin D1正向引物:GATCAAGTGTGACCCGGACT
人-Cyclin D1反向引物:CTTGGGGTCCATGTTCTGCT
人-Cyclin E1正向引物:CGGTATATGGCGACACAAGAAAA
人-Cyclin E1反向引物:ACACAGAGATCCAACAGCTTCA
人-Foxm1b正向引物:GCAGGCTGCACTATCAACAA
人-Foxm1b反向引物:TCGAAGGCTCCTCAACCTTA
人-MMP1正向引物:TGAGAAAGAAGACAAAGGCAAGTT
人-MMP1反向引物:TGAGGACAAACTGAGCCACA
人-MMP2正向引物:GGACTTAGACCGCTTGGCTT
人-MMP2反向引物:GTGTTCAGGTATTGCATGTGCT
人-MMP12正向引物:TCAGTCCCTGTATGGAGACCC
人-MMP12反向引物:CCCACGGTAGTGACAGCATC
人-18s正向引物:GTGGGCCGAAGATATGCTCA
人-18s反向引物:TTCACGGAGCTTGTTGTCCA。
Claims (6)
1.LPCAT1基因在制备用于LPCAT1表达异常的癌症的诊断性试剂盒中的应用,所述的癌症为胃癌。
2.LPCAT1基因在制备用于治疗LPCAT1表达异常的癌症的药物中的应用,所述的癌症为胃癌。
3.根据权利要求2中所述应用,其特征在于,所述药物是以LPCAT1基因为靶点设计而成;具体步骤如下:
a.以LPCAT1为目标调控基因,构建干扰LPCAT1基因表达的载体;
b.利用步骤a中的载体,制备用于离体施用或体内施用的药物。
4.根据权利要求3所述应用,其特征在于:所述步骤a中,干扰LPCAT1表达的基因包括敲除或沉默LPCAT1编码基因,抑制或降低LPCAT1的转录和翻译功能,以及干扰LPCAT1蛋白功能发挥的一种或多种基因;所述载体为病毒载体或非病毒基因沉默载体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的所述应用,其特征在于:其特征在于:所述病毒载体为腺病毒载体、腺相关病毒载体、逆转录病毒载体或疱疹病毒载体。
6.根据权利要求4所述应用,其特征在于:所述非病毒基因沉默载体为CRISPR/Cas9系统基因敲除载体、RNAi系统基因沉默载体或在此基础上改造的载体。
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