CN113121355B - 一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN113121355B
CN113121355B CN202110391549.8A CN202110391549A CN113121355B CN 113121355 B CN113121355 B CN 113121355B CN 202110391549 A CN202110391549 A CN 202110391549A CN 113121355 B CN113121355 B CN 113121355B
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梁承远
边瑞娜
李京忆
辛亮
赵倩倩
杨丹
简琰琳
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Abstract

本发明提供一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和应用,所述截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:

Description

一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及抗耐药菌化合物,具体涉及一种具有抗耐药菌活性的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和在治疗多重耐药菌引起的感染性疾病中的应用。
背景技术
随着抗菌药物广泛应用和各种侵入性操作增多,临床感染病原菌谱不断发生变迁,细菌耐药性不断升高。多重耐药菌(MDROs)感染率和患者病死率逐年增加。MDROs包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)、产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌、耐碳青霉烯肠杆菌(CRE)、多重耐药肠杆菌、多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(MDRAB)、多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(MDRPA)、多重耐药肠球菌、多重耐药肺炎链球菌,共10种类型。鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌在医疗环境中广泛分布,存活时间长,能够在各种医疗器械及用品表面形成生物被膜,难以消除,易在患者自然腔道黏膜上定植,给临床治疗造成严重困难。在细菌耐药性日益严重的今天,寻找具有良好抑菌活性、独特抗菌机制、不易与其他药物产生交叉耐药性、具有新结构的化合物显得尤为重要。
大黄酸是一种广泛存在于中草药如大黄、决明子、何首乌、芦荟等中的亲脂性蒽醌类化合物,具有抗肿瘤活性,抗菌活性,免疫抑制作用,利尿作用,泻下作用,抗炎作用,治疗糖尿病、肾病作用。既往研究表明大黄酸对金黄色葡萄球菌、幽门螺杆菌、链球菌、白喉杆菌、枯草杆菌、炭疽杆菌等均有良好的抗菌活性。其抗菌机制可能与大黄酸抑制细菌DNA及RNA的生物合成,阻碍线粒体呼吸链电子传递,同时阻止负责细菌无氧呼吸和发酵基因的转录有关。
截短侧耳素(pleuromutilin)是由高等真菌担子菌纲侧耳属pleurotusmutilis和pleurotus passeckeranius菌种经深层培养产生的一种双萜烯类化合物。截短侧耳素及其衍生物对许多革兰阳性菌、一些革兰阴性菌(如感冒嗜血杆菌)及支原体感染有独特疗效。该类抗生素通过选择性地抑制蛋白质的合成来达到抗菌活性,这种方式不同于其他抑制蛋白质合成的抗生素的抗菌机制,是一种独特的与原核生物核糖体相结合的一种机制。通过临床使用截短侧耳素,细菌特异性靶标抗性的出现非常慢,而且目前尚未发现对莫匹罗星、β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类抗生素或喹诺酮类等药物产生交叉耐药性。
然而,大黄酸和截短侧耳素虽然都具有抗菌活性,但是都对耐药菌无明显抗菌效果。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其制备方法和应用,截短侧耳素大黄酸酯具有抗耐药菌活性,可以用于治疗多药耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯,所述截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
Figure BDA0003016934070000021
优选的,以截短侧耳素和大黄酸为原料,在催化剂作用下,于有机溶剂中进行反应,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯。
进一步的,步骤包括:
S1,将大黄酸、草酰氯和DMF溶于二氯甲烷,在惰性气氛保护下反应,得到大黄酸衍生物;
S2,将大黄酸衍生物、三乙胺和截短侧耳素溶于有机溶剂,在惰性气氛保护下反应,产物分离提纯,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯。
进一步的,S2中,在20~70℃下反应3~6小时。
进一步的,S2中,有机溶剂为甲苯、二氯甲烷或DMF。
进一步的,S2中,截短侧耳素和大黄酸衍生物的摩尔比为1:(1~1.3)。
进一步的,S2中,分离提纯具体包括:
S2.1将反应后的混合体系减压浓缩除去有机溶剂,所得浓缩液经水洗涤、乙酸乙酯萃取、浓缩、干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品;
S2.2将截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品用硅胶柱进行吸附分离纯化,采用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂作为洗脱剂洗脱富集,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥后得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品。
所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯在制备抗耐药菌药物中的应用。
进一步的,所述耐药菌为耐药金黄色葡萄球菌、耐药铜绿假单胞菌或耐药鲍曼不动杆菌。
所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯在制备治疗耐药菌引起的感染疾病药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果:
本发明通过利用大黄酸对截短侧耳素进行结构改造,获得一种新型化合物截短侧耳素大黄酸酯,并对其进行初步的抗菌活性实验,实验结果表明:截短侧耳素大黄酸酯具有抗耐药菌作用,可用于制备抗耐药菌的药物及制备治疗由多耐药菌引起的感染性疾病的药物。
附图说明
图1为截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药菌MARS 18-575的体外抗菌活性测定结果;
图2为截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药菌MDR-PA 18-756的体外抗菌活性测定结果;
图3为截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药菌MDR-PA 18-126的体外抗菌活性测定结果;
图4为截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药菌CR-AB 18-184的体外抗菌活性测定结果;
图5为截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药菌CR-AB 18-560的体外抗菌活性测定结果;
图6截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的(a)1H-NMR图与(b)13C-NMR图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
本发明所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯化合物的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
Figure BDA0003016934070000041
本发明截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法:
由截短侧耳素和大黄酸为原料,在催化剂作用下,于有机溶剂中进行反应,即可得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯。
本发明提供的所述化合物的合成路线如下所示:
Figure BDA0003016934070000051
为了实现上述合成路线,本发明的合成步骤如下:
(1)将一定量大黄酸和催化量催化剂DMF(CAS:68-12-2)溶于二氯甲烷,置于反应器中,同时通入N2保护,加入一定量的草酰氯于反应体系中,在25℃下反应2小时,得到大黄酸衍生物。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的大黄酸衍生物和催化量催化剂三乙胺(CAS:121-44-8)溶于有机溶剂,置于反应器中,同时通入N2保护,加入一定量的截短侧耳素于反应体系中,在20~70℃下反应3~6小时。
(3)薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩除去有机溶剂,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。
(4)将截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品,用硅胶柱进行吸附分离纯化,采用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂作为洗脱剂洗脱富集,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥后即得该截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品。
上述步骤(2)中的有机溶剂优选甲苯、二氯甲烷或DMF,进一步优选为二氯甲烷。
上述步骤(2)中的截短侧耳素和大黄酸衍生物的摩尔比优选为1:(1~1.3),进一步优选为1:1.1。
上述步骤(2)中的反应温度优选为25℃。
上述步骤(2)中的反应时间优选为5小时。
上述步骤(4)中的洗脱剂优选为二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1。
本发明截短侧耳素大黄酸酯化合物可以作为新型的抗菌药物用于治疗多药耐药菌引起的感染性疾病。
实施例1
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000061
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL二氯甲烷充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将214.4mg(0.71mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL二氯甲烷中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在25℃下反应5h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品302.2mg,总收率为73.78%。
1H-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ(ppm):12.06(1H,d),8.51(1H,s),8.03(1H,s),7.92(1H,d),7.80(1H,d),7.39(1H,d),6.51(1H,t),5.89(1H,d),5.41(2H,s),5.24(1H,d),4.92(1H,d),4.15(1H,t),4.07(1H,s),3.42(1H,d),2.26(1H,d),2.17~2.08(4H,t),1.80~1.28(12H,t),0.85(3H,s),0.78(3H,d);13C-NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δppm):216.7,172.1,162.9,138.9,138.7,125.6,120.4,117.3,74.6,69.9,58.1,45.4,44.8,44.0,41.9,36.6,36.1,34.4,30.4,26.8,26.4,24.8,16.6,14.8,11.5.
实施例2
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000071
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL DMF充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将214.4mg(0.71mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL DMF中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在20℃下反应4h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品256.2mg,总收率为62.55%。
实施例3
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000072
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL甲苯充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将214.4mg(0.71mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL甲苯中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在30℃下反应6h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品268.0mg,总收率为65.43%。
实施例4
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000081
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL二氯甲烷充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将250.7mg(0.83mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL二氯甲烷中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在30℃下反应6h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品275.1mg,总收率为67.15%。
实施例5
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000091
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL DMF充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将235.6mg(0.78mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL DMF中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在25℃下反应4h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品260.4mg,总收率为63.57%。
实施例6
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000092
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL二氯甲烷充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将256.7mg(0.85mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL二氯甲烷中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在25℃下反应3h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=1:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品269.5mg,总收率为65.78%。
实施例7
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000101
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL甲苯充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将217.4mg(0.72mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL甲苯中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在60℃下反应3h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=3:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品254.5mg,总收率为61.63%。
实施例8
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000111
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL二氯甲烷充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将235.6mg(0.78mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL二氯甲烷中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在30℃下反应5h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=1:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品251.4mg,总收率为61.36%。
实施例9
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000112
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL甲苯充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将235.6mg(0.78mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL甲苯中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在65℃下反应3h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=3:1为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品261.7mg,总收率为63.88%。
实施例10
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000121
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL甲苯充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将196.3mg(0.65mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL甲苯中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在50℃下反应5h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=3:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品263.9mg,总收率为64.41%。
实施例11
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000131
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mLDMF充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将253.7mg(0.84mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL DMF中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在40℃下反应4h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=1:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品268.9mg,总收率为65.63%。
实施例12
化合物2-(((3aR,4R,5S,6S,8R,9R)-5-hydroxy-4,6,9-trimethyl-1-oxo-6-vinyldecahydro-3a,9-propanocyclopenta[8]annulen-8-yl)oxy)-2-oxoethyl4,5-dihydroxy-9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-carboxylate的制备
Figure BDA0003016934070000132
将246.0mg(0.65mmol)截短侧耳素与6.1mg(0.06mmol)三乙胺置于200mL反应器中,加入50mL DCM充分溶解后,通入氮气保护。将196.3mg(0.65mmol)大黄酸衍生物溶解于20mL DCM中,用分液漏斗缓慢地滴加到反应液中,滴加完毕后在20℃下反应5h。薄层色谱法跟踪反应至完全,停止加热,撤去保护装置。将反应混合体系减压浓缩,所得浓缩液经水洗涤,乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品。利用硅胶柱层析对粗品进一步吸附纯化,二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯=2:1作为洗脱剂,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥即得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品288.9mg,总收率为70.53%。
实施例13
化合物体外抗菌活性测定
采用微量肉汤稀释法,以头孢他啶、万古霉素为阳性对照品,测试化合物截短侧耳素大黄酸酯及其原料截短侧耳素、大黄酸的最低抑菌浓度(Minimum inhibitoryconcentration,MIC)。
实验菌株包括耐药革兰氏阳性菌:耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌MRSA18-575;耐药革兰氏阴性菌:多重耐药铜绿假单细胞菌MDR-PA 18-126、18-756,耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌CR-AB 18-184、18-560。实验菌株均由复旦大学附属华山医院(复旦大学抗生素研究所)提供,经常规方法鉴定后使用。
具体操作步骤如下:
(1)MHB培养基配制:称取MHB培养基20.0g,加入到1L蒸馏水中,加热煮沸至完全溶解,分装于锥形瓶中,121℃高压灭菌15min,备用;
(2)实验菌株培养至对数生长期:无菌条件下,将实验菌株接种到100mL MHB培养基中,置于37℃恒温恒湿培养箱中培养20-22h,备用;
(3)贮存液制备:称取待测样品,用1%DMSO溶液溶解,配置成浓度为2560μg/mL的贮存液;称取阳性对照品,用无菌蒸馏水溶解,配置成浓度为2560μg/mL的贮存液;
(4)菌悬液制备:无菌条件下,将培养至对数生长期的实验菌株用MHB培养基校正到0.5麦氏单位浊度标准后按1:10的比例进行稀释,制备成浓度为106CFU/mL的菌悬液,备用;
(5)贮存液稀释和接种实验菌株:无菌条件下,将贮存液稀释成256μg/mL的溶液。取无菌96孔板一个,除第1、2孔,其余每孔均加入100μL MHB培养基;第1孔中加入100μL阳性对照品液,第2、3孔中加入100μL化合物样品液;第3孔中样品液与培养基混匀,然后吸取100μL至第4孔,混匀后再吸取100μL至第5孔,如此连续倍比稀释至第9孔,并从第9孔中吸取100μL弃去,第10孔为不含药物的生长对照;然后,在每孔中加入上述制备好的菌悬液100μL,使每孔最终的菌液浓度为5×105CFU/mL;至此,阳性对照品浓度为128μg/mL,样品液浓度依次为128、64、32、16、8、4、2、1μg/mL。
(6)孵育:将已接种实验菌株的96孔板盖好盖子,置37℃恒温恒湿箱中培育20-22h;
(7)MIC终点判读:黑色背景下肉眼观察96孔板中所见能完全抑制细菌生长的浓度为该样品对该种细菌的最低抑菌浓度,记录结果如下图1-图5及表1。(附部分活性图,小孔自左向右依次对应为阳性,128、64、32、16、8、4、2、1μg/mL,阴性)。
表1受试化合物及阳性对照品的最低抑菌浓度(μg·mL-1)
Figure BDA0003016934070000151
表1结果显示,原料药截短侧耳素、大黄酸在微克级别下对耐药菌均无抑制作用,而截短侧耳素大黄酸酯对耐药革兰氏阳性菌MRSA(MIC=64μg/mL)、耐药革兰氏阳性菌MDR-PA(MIC=64μg/mL)、CR-AB(MIC=64μg/mL)呈现较强的抑制效果,且比阳性对照品抑菌效果更强。综上,本发明的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯可作为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、多重耐药铜绿假单细胞菌及耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌候选药物,并进一步进行临床前研究。

Claims (9)

1.一种截短侧耳素大黄酸酯,其特征在于,所述截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
Figure FDA0003842713800000011
2.权利要求1所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,以截短侧耳素和大黄酸为原料,在催化剂作用下,于有机溶剂中进行反应,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯;
步骤包括:
S1,将大黄酸、草酰氯和DMF溶于二氯甲烷,在惰性气氛保护下反应,得到大黄酸衍生物;
S2,将大黄酸衍生物、三乙胺和截短侧耳素溶于有机溶剂,在惰性气氛保护下反应,产物分离提纯,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,在20~70℃下反应3~6小时。
4.根据权利要求2所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,有机溶剂为甲苯、二氯甲烷或DMF。
5.根据权利要求2所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,截短侧耳素和大黄酸衍生物的摩尔比为1:(1~1.3)。
6.根据权利要求2所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯的制备方法,其特征在于,S2中,分离提纯具体包括:
S2.1将反应后的混合体系减压浓缩除去有机溶剂,所得浓缩液经水洗涤、乙酸乙酯萃取、浓缩、干燥,得到截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品;
S2.2将截短侧耳素大黄酸酯粗品用硅胶柱进行吸附分离纯化,采用二氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯混合溶剂作为洗脱剂洗脱富集,将洗脱液减压浓缩干燥后得截短侧耳素大黄酸酯精品。
7.权利要求1所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯在制备抗耐药菌药物中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,所述耐药菌为耐药金黄色葡萄球菌、耐药铜绿假单胞菌或耐药鲍曼不动杆菌。
9.权利要求1所述的截短侧耳素大黄酸酯在制备治疗耐药菌引起的感染疾病药物中的应用。
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