CN113108660A - Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition - Google Patents
Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113108660A CN113108660A CN202110246247.1A CN202110246247A CN113108660A CN 113108660 A CN113108660 A CN 113108660A CN 202110246247 A CN202110246247 A CN 202110246247A CN 113108660 A CN113108660 A CN 113108660A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- holes
- tunnel
- hole
- eyes
- auxiliary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
Abstract
A blasting method for finely controlling a tunnel contour under a bedding development condition belongs to the field of railway tunnel engineering. The invention mainly aims to solve the problems that the traditional blasting mode has poor blasting effect on a tunnel with strong development of horizontal bedding and is easy to cause large-range over-excavation or under-excavation. The tunnel comprises a plurality of peripheral eyes arranged on the contour line of the tunnel face of the tunnel; a plurality of buffer eyes arranged in a second row; a plurality of auxiliary eyes are disposed below the cushion eye. The tunnel face is characterized by comprising a plurality of slotted holes arranged at the middle lower part of the tunnel face, the slotted holes are arranged in two rows, and the two rows of slotted holes are respectively positioned at two sides of the central line of the tunnel face and are symmetrically arranged. And a plurality of bottom holes arranged on the contour line of the bottom of the tunnel face. The cut hole is filled with 8 sections of explosive, the peripheral holes are filled with 2 sections of explosive, the buffer holes are filled with 4 sections of explosive, the bottom holes are filled with 7 sections of explosive, and the auxiliary holes are filled with 5 sections of explosive. The advantage is that promote control blasting effect by a wide margin, stops serious owe to dig the phenomenon.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of railway tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a refined blast hole design method for tunnel blasting overbreak control under the condition of bedding development surrounding rock.
Background art:
in tunnel engineering, due to the interaction of a structural surface and an excavated face, surrounding rocks are often strongly cut, integrity is damaged, and even rock mass is unstable. For the surrounding rock which develops horizontally, the bonding force between rock stratum layers is poor, and due to the action of gravity, ground pressure and the like and the cutting of joints and excavation free faces, large overbreak is easily caused during blasting, so that the contour line of a tunnel is difficult to control.
At present, a traditional blasting mode is still adopted for a tunnel with more developed bedding, the blast hole arrangement mode usually comprises a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole, peripheral holes and bottom holes, the blast hole mode is suitable for a complete and uniform surrounding rock tunnel, but the blasting effect of the tunnel with the strongly developed bedding is poor, and large-scale over-excavation or under-excavation is easily caused. The serious overbreak and underexcavation not only brings quality and potential safety hazards, but also greatly improves the construction cost and delays the construction period, and brings huge loss. Therefore, a tunnel contour refinement control design under the condition of bedding development is necessary.
The invention content is as follows:
for the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a tunnel contour fine control blasting method under the bedding development condition under the horizontal bedding development condition, so that the overbreak and underexcavation of tunnel surrounding rock are reduced, the cost is saved, and the construction efficiency and safety are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for designing a blasting hole of a horizontal bedding development tunnel by taking the common size and section form of a domestic high-speed railway tunnel as background, which comprises the following steps:
56 peripheral eyes arranged on the contour line of the tunnel face; 29 buffer eyes arranged in a second row; the 45 auxiliary eyes are arranged below the buffer eyes and are divided into three rows which are sequentially arranged, the outermost row is sequentially arranged at 26 eye positions, the rest 20 auxiliary eyes are divided into 4 rows, each row is provided with 5 auxiliary eyes, and the four rows of auxiliary eyes are respectively positioned on two sides of the central line of the tunnel face and are symmetrically arranged.
The tunnel face is characterized in that the tunnel face is provided with 10 slotted holes arranged at the middle lower part of the tunnel face, the slotted holes are arranged in two rows, each row is provided with 5 slotted holes, and the two rows of slotted holes are respectively positioned at two sides of the central line of the tunnel face and are symmetrically arranged.
14 bottom holes are arranged on the contour line of the bottom of the tunnel face.
Furthermore, the distance between the cutting hole and the central line of the tunnel face is 1.3-1.50m, the distance between the cutting hole positioned at the lowest part and the bottom hole of the tunnel face is 1.2-1.4m, the depth of the cutting hole is 3.5m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance between the cutting hole and the cutting hole is 0.7-0.9m, and the horizontal angle is 80-85 degrees.
The depth of the peripheral holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.3m, the vertical angle is 0-2 degrees, and the peripheral holes are sequentially arranged on the contour line of the palm surface.
The bottom hole has a hole depth of 3.5m, a hole diameter of 40mm, a distance of 1m and a vertical angle of 0-2 degrees.
The auxiliary holes are 3m in depth and 40mm in diameter, the row spacing between the outermost auxiliary holes and the buffer holes is 0.7m, and the row spacing between the auxiliary holes is 0.8m in sequence.
The depth of the buffer holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.7m, the vertical angle is 5-8 degrees, the row distance with the peripheral holes is 0.6m, and the row distance with the auxiliary holes is 0.7 m.
The specification of the explosive is emulsion explosive, and each section of the explosive is 300 g.
The explosive loading of the undercutting hole is 8 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the peripheral hole is 2 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the buffering hole is 4 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the bottom hole is 7 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the auxiliary hole is 5 sections of explosives, the peripheral hole needs to be plugged by stemming, and the length of the stemming is 0.15-0.2 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the buffering holes are arranged to adjust the hole pitch, the row pitch and the medicine loading amount, so that the weakening and buffering effects are changed. The auxiliary hole is used for expanding and extending the cutting range, and the buffer hole is used for reducing the influence of the cutting hole and the auxiliary hole on surrounding rocks after blasting and reducing the energy damage range; and the cracks can extend towards the direction of the connection line of the peripheral holes after the peripheral holes are blasted or the direction of the minimum resistance line of the peripheral holes after the peripheral holes are blasted through the reasonable row spacing, so that the surrounding rock near the contour line is protected. Through the integral optimization design, the blasting effect is greatly improved and controlled, the serious over-undermining phenomenon is avoided, the stress of surrounding rocks is improved, the safety risks caused by loosening of dangerous rocks, stress concentration instability of the surrounding rocks and the like are eliminated, the over-consumption of subsequent sprayed concrete is obviously reduced, and the construction cost and the construction period are saved.
Through the optimal design of the auxiliary holes, the number and the charge of the whole blast holes on the face can be greatly reduced, the drilling time is saved, and especially the excessive consumption of the subsequent sprayed concrete is greatly controlled after the over-under excavation is strictly controlled, so that the tunnel construction cost is obviously reduced.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the blastholes in the invention, wherein 1 is a peripheral hole, 2 is a buffer hole, 3 is an auxiliary hole, 4 is a cutting hole, and 5 is a bottom hole.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figure I, the invention provides a method for arranging blasting excavation blastholes of a bedding relatively developed tunnel, which comprises the following steps: comprises 56 peripheral eyes arranged on the contour line of the tunnel face; 29 buffer eyes arranged in a second row; the 45 auxiliary eyes are arranged below the buffer eyes and are divided into three rows which are sequentially arranged, the outermost row is sequentially arranged at 26 eye positions, the rest 20 auxiliary eyes are divided into 4 rows, each row is provided with 5 auxiliary eyes, and the four rows of auxiliary eyes are respectively positioned on two sides of the central line of the tunnel face and are symmetrically arranged.
The tunnel face is characterized in that the tunnel face is provided with 10 slotted holes arranged at the middle lower part of the tunnel face, the slotted holes are arranged in two rows, each row is provided with 5 slotted holes, and the two rows of slotted holes are respectively positioned at two sides of the central line of the tunnel face and are symmetrically arranged.
14 bottom holes are arranged on the contour line of the bottom of the tunnel face.
Furthermore, the distance between the cutting hole and the central line of the tunnel face is 1.3-1.50m, the distance between the cutting hole positioned at the lowest part and the bottom hole of the tunnel face is 1.2-1.4m, the depth of the cutting hole is 3.5m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance between the cutting hole and the cutting hole is 0.7-0.9m, and the horizontal angle is 80-85 degrees. A wedge-shaped cut mode.
The depth of the peripheral holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.3m, the vertical angle is 0-2 degrees, and the peripheral holes are sequentially arranged on the contour line of the palm surface. The angle of the blast hole slightly expands 1-3 degrees towards the section.
The bottom hole has a hole depth of 3.5m, a hole diameter of 40mm, a distance of 1m and a vertical angle of 0-2 degrees. The angle of the blast hole slightly expands 1-3 degrees towards the section.
The auxiliary holes are 3m in depth and 40mm in diameter, the row spacing between the outermost auxiliary holes and the buffer holes is 0.7m, and the row spacing between the auxiliary holes is 0.8m in sequence. The blasthole is vertical to the face.
The depth of the buffer holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.7m, the vertical angle is 5-8 degrees, the row distance with the peripheral holes is 0.6m, and the row distance with the auxiliary holes is 0.7 m. The blasthole is vertical to the face.
The specification of the explosive is emulsion explosive, and each section of the explosive is 300 g.
The explosive loading of the undercutting hole is 8 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the peripheral hole is 2 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the buffering hole is 4 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the bottom hole is 7 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the auxiliary hole is 5 sections of explosives, the peripheral hole needs to be plugged by stemming, and the length of the stemming is 0.15-0.2 m.
The buffer hole is used for weakening the influence of explosion on surrounding rock damage near the peripheral hole and simultaneously creating a uniform thin free surface before the peripheral hole is detonated. When the distance from the peripheral holes to the free surface, namely the minimum resistance line, is smaller than the distance from the peripheral holes to the bedding surface, according to the weakest direction principle, energy is radiated and released along the direction of the minimum resistance line when the peripheral holes detonate, so that the damage to surrounding rocks on one side of the tunnel wall, including the bedding surface, is well weakened, and the serious overbreak can be avoided. Therefore, the contour line range and the size can be well controlled, and the overexcavation amount is reduced.
Blasting effect: through the arrangement of the blasthole mode, the designed tunneling circulation footage of the tunnel is 3.0m, the actual footage after blasting is 2.6-2.8m, the average footage is 2.7m, the maximum overbreak value is 0.15m, and the serious overbreak phenomenon is basically avoided.
Compared with the conventional tunnel blasting excavation, the method has the advantages that the over excavation amount is reduced to 0.1m from the original average 0.6m, and potential safety hazards caused by stress concentration due to over excavation can be avoided; the concrete spraying excess consumption is reduced to about 20 percent from the original 400 percent, and the construction cost is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the pouring amount is reduced, so that the pouring time is saved, and the project progress is remarkably accelerated.
Through the design of the buffer holes, the distance between the buffer holes and the row distance between the buffer holes and the peripheral holes is reduced, the medicine loading is reduced, and the damage to surrounding rocks near the peripheral holes is weakened; after the buffer holes are detonated, the minimum resistance line of the formed peripheral holes is smaller than the distance from the peripheral holes to bedding, and cracks can extend towards the weak direction of a rock stratum, namely the direction of a free face formed after the buffer holes are blasted, so that the overbreak amount is reduced.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the same, and a person skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described in the examples or partially replace them; however, these substitutions and modifications do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The tunnel contour fine control blasting method under the condition of bedding development is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a plurality of peripheral eyes arranged on the contour line of the tunnel face of the tunnel; a plurality of buffer eyes arranged in a second row; the auxiliary eyes are arranged below the buffer eyes and are divided into three rows to be sequentially arranged; the tunnel face is provided with a plurality of cutting holes arranged at the middle lower part of the tunnel face, and a plurality of bottom holes arranged on the contour line of the bottom of the tunnel face.
2. The blasting method for controlling tunnel contour refinement under the condition of bedding development according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of the peripheral eyes is 56, the number of the buffer eyes is 29, the number of the auxiliary eyes is 45, the number of the cutting eyes is 10, and the number of the bottom eyes is 14; 26 auxiliary eyes are arranged in the outermost row, the rest 20 auxiliary eyes are divided into four rows, each row comprises 5 auxiliary eyes, and the four rows of auxiliary eyes are respectively positioned on two sides of the central line of the tunnel face of the tunnel and are symmetrically arranged; the two rows of the 5 cutting holes are arranged symmetrically on two sides of the central line of the tunnel face.
3. The blasting method for controlling tunnel contour refinement under the condition of bedding development according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that:
the distance between the cutting hole and the central line of the tunnel face is 1.3-1.50m, the distance between the cutting hole positioned at the lowest part and the bottom hole of the tunnel face is 1.2-1.4m, the hole depth of the cutting hole is 3.5m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance between the cutting hole and the cutting hole is 0.7-0.9m, and the horizontal angle is 80-85 degrees;
the depth of the peripheral holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.3m, the vertical angle is 0-2 degrees, and the peripheral holes are sequentially arranged on the contour line of the palm surface;
the bottom hole has a hole depth of 3.5m, a hole diameter of 40mm, a distance of 1m and a vertical angle of 0-2 degrees;
the depth of the auxiliary holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the row spacing between the outermost auxiliary holes and the buffer holes is 0.7m, and the row spacing between the auxiliary holes is 0.8m in sequence;
the depth of the buffer holes is 3m, the aperture is 40mm, the distance is 0.7m, the vertical angle is 5-8 degrees, the row distance with the peripheral holes is 0.6m, and the row distance with the auxiliary holes is 0.7 m;
the explosive loading of the undercutting hole is 8 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the peripheral hole is 2 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the buffering hole is 4 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the bottom hole is 7 sections of explosives, the explosive loading of the auxiliary hole is 5 sections of explosives, the peripheral hole needs to be plugged by stemming, and the length of the stemming is 0.15-0.2 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110246247.1A CN113108660A (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110246247.1A CN113108660A (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113108660A true CN113108660A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
Family
ID=76710995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110246247.1A Pending CN113108660A (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113108660A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115468463A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-13 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling overbreak and underexcavation |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080071263A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-04 | 선산토건주식회사 | Method for blasting center-cut of tunnel |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel shock relieve hole controlling blasting |
| CN104457465A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉大学 | Deep-buried tunnel blasting excavation effect control method |
| CN105737699A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Secondary blasting rapid excavation method for deep holes of steps on IV-V-grade surrounding rock of double-track tunnel |
| CN107764144A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 北京住总集团有限责任公司 | A kind of tunnel Millisecond Controlled Blasting method |
| CN108871119A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-23 | 中铁十九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Tunnel cloth hole blasting method |
| CN110940241A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-31 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Tunnel extremely soft rock deep hole cut peripheral hole isolation air column charging buffering blasting method |
| CN111023927A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Soft rock single-step deep hole undercutting vibration-reduction flat-bottom light explosion structure in tunnel |
| CN111750752A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-09 | 广东冠粤路桥有限公司 | Construction method for tunnel weak surrounding rock presplitting blasting |
-
2021
- 2021-03-05 CN CN202110246247.1A patent/CN113108660A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080071263A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-04 | 선산토건주식회사 | Method for blasting center-cut of tunnel |
| CN103175451A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-26 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel shock relieve hole controlling blasting |
| CN104457465A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉大学 | Deep-buried tunnel blasting excavation effect control method |
| CN105737699A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Secondary blasting rapid excavation method for deep holes of steps on IV-V-grade surrounding rock of double-track tunnel |
| CN107764144A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 北京住总集团有限责任公司 | A kind of tunnel Millisecond Controlled Blasting method |
| CN108871119A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-23 | 中铁十九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Tunnel cloth hole blasting method |
| CN110940241A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-31 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Tunnel extremely soft rock deep hole cut peripheral hole isolation air column charging buffering blasting method |
| CN111023927A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Soft rock single-step deep hole undercutting vibration-reduction flat-bottom light explosion structure in tunnel |
| CN111750752A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-09 | 广东冠粤路桥有限公司 | Construction method for tunnel weak surrounding rock presplitting blasting |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115468463A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-12-13 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling overbreak and underexcavation |
| CN115468463B (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-06-20 | 西南交通大学 | Blasting construction method for controlling super-undermining |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108278939B (en) | A kind of blasting method for reducing rock convergence measure and reducing blasting vibration | |
| CN103123247A (en) | Damping blasting method for steep dip small crossing angle layered surrounding rock small-distance tunnel excavation | |
| CN108007285A (en) | A kind of stone head deep hole sublevel is segmented efficient Cut Blasting method | |
| CN205262309U (en) | Compound undercutting blasting structure of big section of medium -length hole | |
| CN205825826U (en) | A kind of mine slope presplit blasting big gun pore structure | |
| CN110879026B (en) | Excavation and cut blasting method suitable for high-plasticity low-strength rock tunnel | |
| CN110645855B (en) | Dust suppression blasting method for medium-length hole of strip mine | |
| WO2023201906A1 (en) | Releasing-cracking-supporting cooperative burst prevention method based on coal body pressure relief and roof pre-cracking | |
| CN104406470A (en) | Deep-hole slotting blasting method for large-diameter freezing shaft in west cretaceous system soft rock area | |
| CN111520183A (en) | Method for treating gas generated by mining, blasting, roof cutting, pressure relief and permeability improvement of coal seam group under thick-layer sandstone | |
| CN113686215B (en) | Rock roadway large-diameter double-hole charging accurate time-delay hole-by-hole vertical cut blasting method | |
| CN113108660A (en) | Tunnel contour fine control blasting method under bedding development condition | |
| CN107014263B (en) | Eccentric powder charge joint-cutting pipe and roadway construction method applied to tunnelling construction | |
| CN103670423B (en) | A kind of method of tunneling on stratiform phyllite rock mass | |
| WO2022198841A1 (en) | Flying-limiting hole drilling and blasting method for controlling flying stones in tunnel blasting | |
| CN205079684U (en) | Be used for building smooth explosive post of base face blasting excavation | |
| CN115127415A (en) | Boundary grooving presplitting blasting method for underground cemented filling body | |
| CN110196002A (en) | A kind of safe and efficient blasting construction method of shaft wall hitch | |
| CN204988047U (en) | Tunnel blasting damping device suitable for rich water weak surrounding rock | |
| CN111102893B (en) | Conical energy regulating and controlling device and curved surface foundation vertical hole blasting excavation method based on same | |
| CN113202474A (en) | Blasting method for protecting eyebrow line by segment caving method | |
| LU500152B1 (en) | Blasting Method for Reducing Surrounding Rock Damage and Blasting Vibration | |
| CN201837320U (en) | Line type groove with cutting groove for blasting | |
| CN111637804A (en) | Undermining method for reinforcing cracking explosive column by filling small holes in segmented mode in central undermining hole | |
| CN111521079A (en) | Blasting process of sill pillar-free caving mining method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210713 |