CN113101928A - 1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113101928A CN113101928A CN202110438764.9A CN202110438764A CN113101928A CN 113101928 A CN113101928 A CN 113101928A CN 202110438764 A CN202110438764 A CN 202110438764A CN 113101928 A CN113101928 A CN 113101928A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-yne-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCC#CCO DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- OZCRKDNRAAKDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound O[CH][CH]CCO OZCRKDNRAAKDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GJKFIJKSBFYMQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种1,4‑丁炔二醇制备1,4‑丁烯二醇用催化剂及其制备方法和应用,所述催化剂含有改性载体和负载在改性载体上的活性组分,所述改性载体由镧或铈中的一种或两种结合于载体上而得,所述催化剂组成中活性组分的重量比为0.01%~0.5%,镧或/和铈的总重量比为10%~30%,余量为载体。本发明催化剂反应转化率高达100%,产物丁烯二醇的选择性也高达95%,反应在低温低压下进行即可,条件温和,大大降低了对反应设备的要求及危险性,大大降低了设备费用和生产成本。本发明中通过添加镧或铈对载体进行改性,将活性组分直接作用于镧或铈上,提高活性组分的分散度,使催化剂具有高转化率和高选择性,从而可以用含量较低的活性组分达到较好的催化反应效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及催化剂技术领域,具体涉及1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
1,4-丁烯二醇可广泛用于医药产品维生素B6和医药中间体等的生产,少量用作聚合物生产,因此极具商业应用价值。目前工业上合成1,4-丁烯二醇的方式主要是通过对1,4-丁炔二醇的选择性加氢制备的,或者由1,4-丁二醇脱氢方式也可以得到,但是难度较大。
1,4-丁炔二醇是基于煤化工和甲醇工艺而生产的一种上游产品,具有较高的附加值,其加氢过程主要分为两类反应:不完全加氢反应和完全加氢反应,在加氢过程中还会发生一些副反应,例如:氢解反应和异构化反应等,加氢的目标产物选择性控制不易。
通常1,4-丁炔二醇加氢过程使用的催化剂分为非贵金属催化剂如Cu、Ni、Fe、Co和贵金属催化剂如Pd、Pt、Ag、Rh、Au。非贵金属催化剂价格便宜易得,但反应条件较苛刻,温度,氢气压力要求较高,如工业生产中温度一般在150℃以上,并且副产物多,导致催化剂稳定性差,生产成本提高;而贵金属催化剂价格较昂贵,但反应条件比较温和,反应温度压力也不高,常见反应温度在60—100℃,压力在1.5bar左右,其催化选择性好不会造成后续分离困难和原子经济性差的问题。公开号为106040246A的中国专利公开了一种用于1,4-丁炔二醇半加氢的镍基催化剂及其制备方法,其活性组分为金属镍、金属铜和金属锌,载体为二氧化硅。其催化剂反应温度达150℃,反应压力达2.5Mpa,选择性与转化率均对后续分离造成困难且对反应设备要求较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为解决上述技术问题及不足,提供一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
本发明为解决上述技术问题的不足,所采用的技术方案是:1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂,所述催化剂含有改性载体和负载在改性载体上的活性组分,所述改性载体由镧或铈中的一种或两种结合于载体上而得,所述催化剂组成中活性组分的重量比为0.01%~0.5%,镧或/和铈的总重量比为10%~30%,余量为载体。
作为1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的进一步优化,所述载体为活性炭、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、二氧化钛或硅铝分子筛的一种或任意几种。
作为1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的进一步优化,所述活性组分为贵金属Pd、Ru、Pt或Au中的一种或任意几种。
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取硝酸镧或/和硝酸铈,溶解于去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,取载体投放至旋转蒸发仪中,蒸干水分得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物B在氮气环境下进行焙烧,得到改性载体C;
S4、将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、无水乙醇、去离子水和活性组分的盐溶液进行混合,得到混合溶液D;
S5、向S4得到的混合溶液D中加入还原剂,反应得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合、放置,然后进行过滤洗涤、干燥,得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下进行焙烧,得到催化剂G。
作为一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法的进一步优化,制备得到的催化剂组成中活性组分的重量比为0.01%~0.5%,镧或铈的总重量比为10%~30%,余量为载体;
作为一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法的进一步优化,S4所述活性组分的盐溶液为Pd盐、Ru盐、Pt盐或Au盐水溶液中的一种或任意几种,且Pd盐、Ru盐、Pt盐或Au盐分别选自氯化钯、氯化钌、氯铂酸或氯金酸。
作为一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法的进一步优化,S5所述的还原剂为水合肼、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾或甲醛中的一种或任意几种。
作为一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法的进一步优化,S3所述的焙烧温度为300~600℃,焙烧时间为2~15h。
作为一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法的进一步优化,S7所述的焙烧温度为150~400℃,焙烧时间为2~5h。
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的应用方法,将催化剂置于固定床反应器中,在温度为50~70℃、压力为1Bar条件下,1,4-丁炔二醇和氢气分别通过进料泵和流量计控制进入反应,产物得到1,4-丁烯二醇。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
一、本发明的催化剂应用于1,4-丁炔二醇加氢制备1,4-丁烯二醇的反应中,反应转化率高达100%,产物丁烯二醇的选择性也高达95%,反应在低温低压下进行即可,条件温和,与以往的高温高压反应条件相比,大大降低了对反应设备的要求及危险性,从而大大降低了设备费用和生产成本。
二、本发明中通过添加镧或铈对载体进行改性,将活性组分直接作用于镧或铈上,提高活性组分的分散度,使催化剂具有高转化率和高选择性,从而可以用含量较低的活性组分达到较好的催化反应效果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例1
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取六水合硝酸镧1g,溶解于5ml去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,称取2g活性炭作为载体,投放入旋转蒸发仪,蒸干水分,得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物在氮气环境下400℃焙烧3小时得到改性载体C;
S4、将0.15g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、20ml无水乙醇、15ml去离子水和1mlPdCl2水溶液(0.02mol/l)、混合搅拌,得到混合溶液D;
S5、将10ml的水合肼加入到S4得到的混合溶液D中,在80℃温度下进行反应6小时,冷却至常温,得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合放置并搅拌12小时,然后进行过滤洗涤、120℃真空干燥过程得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下300℃进行焙烧2小时得到催化剂G1。
经测定,所得催化剂G1的比表面积为306m2/g,孔容为0.2cm3/g,Pd元素在催化剂中的含量为0.01%(重量)。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
本发明实施例元素分析(X射线荧光分析)采用荷兰PANalytical BV公司的Axios-Advanced荧光分析仪上进行,测定催化剂的比表面积和孔容采用美国麦克公司的ASAP2020M+C物理化学吸附仪。
对比例1
与实施例1方法一致,不同的是未进行S3,得到对比催化剂G2。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
对比例2
与实施例1方法一致,不同的是将S4的PdCl2水溶液换成非贵金属硝酸铜水溶液,得到对比催化剂G3。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
对比例3
与实施例1方法一致,不同的是S1、S2和S3,替换为直接称取2g活性炭,最终得到对比催化剂G4。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
实施例2
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取六水合硝酸铈1g,溶解于5ml去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,称取2g三氧化二铝作为载体,投放入旋转蒸发仪,蒸干水分,得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物在氮气环境下600℃焙烧2小时得到改性载体C;
S4、将0.3g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、60ml无水乙醇、10ml去离子水和2mlPdCl2水溶液(0.02mol/l)、混合搅拌,得到混合溶液D;
S5、将10ml的甲醛溶液加入到S4得到的混合溶液D中,在85℃温度下进行反应2小时,冷却至常温,得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合放置并搅拌24小时,然后进行过滤洗涤、100℃真空干燥过程得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下150℃进行焙烧2小时得到催化剂G5。
经测定,所得催化剂G5的比表面积为101m2/g,孔容为0.1cm3/g,Pd元素在催化剂中的含量为0.02%(重量)。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
实施例3
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取六水合硝酸铈2g,溶解于10ml去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,称取2g二氧化硅作为载体,投放入旋转蒸发仪,蒸干水分,得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物在氮气环境下300℃焙烧10小时得到改性载体C;
S4、将0.1g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、50ml无水乙醇、10ml去离子水和2ml氯铂酸水溶液(0.01mol/l)、混合搅拌,得到混合溶液D;
S5、将10ml的甲醛溶液加入到S4得到的混合溶液D中,在85℃温度下进行反应2小时,冷却至常温,得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合放置并搅拌24小时,然后进行过滤洗涤、100℃真空干燥过程得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下400℃进行焙烧5小时得到催化剂G6。
经测定,所得催化剂G6的比表面积为432m2/g,孔容为0.5cm3/g,Pt元素在催化剂中的含量为0.015%(重量)。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
实施例4
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取六水合硝酸铈1g,溶解于5ml去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,称取2g二氧化钛作为载体,投放入旋转蒸发仪,蒸干水分,得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物在氮气环境下500℃焙烧10小时得到改性载体C;
S4、将0.15g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、20ml无水乙醇、10ml去离子水和2ml氯金酸水溶液(0.01mol/l)、混合搅拌,得到混合溶液D;
S5、将10ml的硼氢化钾溶液加入到S4得到的混合溶液D中,在100℃温度下进行反应2小时,冷却至常温,得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合放置并搅拌8小时,然后进行过滤洗涤、120℃真空干燥过程得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下200℃进行焙烧5小时得到催化剂G7。
经测定,所得催化剂G7的比表面积为54m2/g,孔容为2.2cm3/g,Au元素在催化剂中的含量为0.01%(重量)。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
实施例5
一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、称取六水合硝酸铈1g,溶解于5ml去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,称取2g硅铝分子筛作为载体,投放入旋转蒸发仪,蒸干水分,得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物在氮气环境下300℃焙烧15小时得到改性载体C;
S4、将0.15g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、20ml无水乙醇、10ml去离子水和20ml硝酸钯水溶液(0.05mol/l)、混合搅拌,得到混合溶液D;
S5、将50ml的硼氢化钠溶液加入到S4得到的混合溶液D中,在100℃温度下进行反应5小时,冷却至常温,得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合放置并搅拌12小时,然后进行过滤洗涤、120℃真空干燥过程得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下150℃进行焙烧5小时得到催化剂G8。
经测定,所得催化剂G8的比表面积为246m2/g,孔容为0.8cm3/g,Pd元素在催化剂中的含量为0.5%(重量)。所得催化剂具体性质见表1。
表1催化剂表征测试结果
催化剂性能测试
将实施例1-5和对比例1-3所得催化剂调整至反应工艺条件进行反应。
将制备实施例1-5和对比例1-3制备的催化剂置于微型固定床连续流动反应器中,反应器内径10mm,反应器内部装热电偶套管,催化剂装填量为2g,原料气自上而下经过催化剂床层。
1,4-丁炔二醇加氢制1,4-丁烯二醇的反应的操作条件如下:反应温度50℃,反应压力0.1MPa,催化剂负荷(反应液时空速)2.0g/g cat.H,氢气/丁炔二醇=5(摩尔比)。反应结果如表2所示。
表2不同催化剂制备丁炔二醇的反应结果
由表2可见,对比例与实施例反应结果具有较大的差异性,原因为对比例1中改性载体没有进行焙烧即立即进行活性组分的担载过程,会导致使用镧改性载体的效果变差,活性组分只有小部分与镧改性载体担载,而大部分仍然载于未改性的载体上,分散度不高,活性变差,效果不明显;对比例2中将活性组分由贵金属改为非贵金属,活性能力不够,效果变差;对比例3中取消镧的添加直接使用一般活性载体进行担载活性组分,活性组分会存在叠加、分散度差而导致反应效果差。
综上,本发明中通过添加镧或铈对载体进行改性,将活性组分直接作用于镧或铈上,提高活性组分的分散度,使催化剂具有高转化率和高选择性,从而可以用含量较低的活性组分达到较好的催化反应效果。本发明的催化剂应用于1,4-丁炔二醇加氢制备1,4-丁烯二醇的反应中,反应转化率高达100%,产物丁烯二醇的选择性也高达95%以上,反应在低温低压下进行即可,条件温和,与以往的高温高压反应条件相比,大大降低了对反应设备的要求及危险性,从而大大降低了设备费用和生产成本。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (10)
1.1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂,其特征在于:所述催化剂含有改性载体和负载在改性载体上的活性组分,所述改性载体由镧或铈中的一种或两种结合于载体上而得,所述催化剂组成中活性组分的重量比为0.01%~0.5%,镧或/和铈的总重量比为10%~30%,余量为载体。
2.如权利要求1所述的1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂,其特征在于:所述载体为活性炭、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、二氧化钛或硅铝分子筛的一种或任意几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂,其特征在于:所述活性组分为贵金属Pd、Ru、Pt或Au中的一种或任意几种。
4.一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
S1、称取硝酸镧或/和硝酸铈,溶解于去离子水中,得到水溶液A;
S2、将S1得到的水溶液A置于旋转蒸发仪中,取载体投放至旋转蒸发仪中,蒸干水分得到混合物B;
S3、将S2制得的混合物B在氮气环境下进行焙烧,得到改性载体C;
S4、将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、无水乙醇、去离子水和活性组分的盐溶液进行混合,得到混合溶液D;
S5、向S4得到的混合溶液D中加入还原剂,反应得到混合溶液E;
S6、将S3得到的改性载体C与S5得到的混合溶液E进行混合、放置,然后进行过滤洗涤、干燥,得到催化剂前驱体F;
S7、将S6得到的催化剂前驱体F在氮气环境下进行焙烧,得到催化剂G。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:制备得到的催化剂组成中活性组分的重量比为0.01%~0.5%,镧或铈的总重量比为10%~30%,余量为载体。
6.如权利要求4所述的一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:S4所述活性组分的盐溶液为Pd盐、Ru盐、Pt盐或Au盐水溶液中的一种或任意几种,且Pd盐、Ru盐、Pt盐或Au盐分别选自氯化钯、氯化钌、氯铂酸或氯金酸。
7.如权利要求4所述的一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:S5所述的还原剂为水合肼、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾或甲醛中的一种或任意几种。
8.如权利要求4所述的一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:S3所述的焙烧温度为300~600℃,焙烧时间为2~15h。
9.如权利要求4所述的一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:S7所述的焙烧温度为150~400℃,焙烧时间为2~5h。
10.一种1,4-丁炔二醇制备1,4-丁烯二醇用催化剂的应用方法,其特征在于:将催化剂置于固定床反应器中,在温度为50~70℃、压力为1Bar条件下,1,4-丁炔二醇和氢气分别通过进料泵和流量计控制进入反应,产物得到1,4-丁烯二醇。
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